Duct Design

Duct Design Example No.(1) By Badran M.
Salem
1

DESIGN OF AIR DUCT
DESIGN CONDITIONS:

Inside room conditions
Temperature ------------------------------------------------------ DB C
o
22

------------------------------------------------------ WB C
o
16

Outside room conditions
Temperature ------------------------------------------------------ DB C
o
34

------------------------------------------------------ WB C
o
27

Temperature of supply air ---------------------------------- C
O
15
Mass of outside air,m
o
----------------------------------
S
m of % 10

Mass of recirculated air, m
R
-------------------------
S
m of % 90

Air Properties
From ASHRAE PSYCHROMETRIC CHART, M.E.T.C, page 75
Outside room conditions, WB C DB C
o O
27 & 32 @
Duct Design Example No.(1) By Badran M. Salem
2

kg
kJ
h
kg
m
kg
kg
W
O O
da
v
O
6 . 85 ; 898 . 0 ; 0199 . 0
3
= = = u

Inside room conditions, WB C DB C
o O
16 & 22 @
kg
kJ
h
kg
m
kg
kg
W
O O
da
v
O
45 ; 848 . 0 ; 0089 . 0
3
= = = u
Mass of supply air, m
S

( )
( )
s r pa
s
S s r pa S s
t t c
Q
m t t c m Q
-
= ; - =
Where:
S
m = mass of supply air
pa
c = specific heat of air, K kg kJ 0062 . 1
r
t = inside room temperature, C 22
s
t = supply air temperature, C 15
Therefore,
( )
sec
66 . 32
15 - 22 0062 . 1
037 . 230 kg
K
K kg
kJ
kW
m
O
O
S
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
=

Mass of outside air, m
O

R o S
m m m m m + ; = =
4
1

Where:
S
m = mass of supply air, s kg 66 . 32

R
m = mass of recirculated air,
S
m of % 90
Therefore,
( ) ( ) sec 266 . 3 9 . 0 1 sec 66 . 32 9 . 0 1 kg kg m m
S O
= = =

3

Volume flow rate of outside air, V
o

O O O
m V u =

Where:
O
m = mass of outside air, s kg 266 . 3

O
u = specific volume of outside air, kg m
3
898 . 0
Therefore,
sec
93 . 2 898 . 0
sec
266 . 3
3 3
m
kg
m kg
V
O
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
Mass of recirculated air, m
R

O S R R o S
m m m m m m ; = + =

Where:
S

O
m = mass of outside air, sec 266 . 3 kg
Therefore,
sec 39 . 29 sec 266 . 3 sec 66 . 32 kg kg kg m
R
= =
Volume flow rate of recirculated air, V
R
i R R
m V =

Where:
R
m = mass of recirculated air, s kg 39 . 29

i
= specific volume of inside air, kg m
3
848 . 0
Therefore,
sec
93 . 24 848 . 0
sec
39 . 29
3 3
m
kg
m kg
V
R
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
4

Temperature of air entering the AHU, t
2

From the figure, considering point 2

By temperature balance,
S
R O o
S R O o
m
t m t m
t t m t m t m
4
2 2 4
;
+
= = +

Where:
O

O
t = temperature of outside air, C
O
34

R

4
t = inside air temperature, C
o
22

S

Therefore,
( )( ) ( )( )
C
kg
C kg C kg
t
O
O O
56 . 23
sec 66 . 32
22 sec 93 . 29 34 sec 266 . 3
2
=
+
=
Capacity of AHU, Q
AHU
( )
1 4
- = h h m Q
S CDA

Where:
S

4
h = enthalpy of air entering the AHU, kg kJ

1
h = enthalpy of air leaving the AHU, kg kJ

5

Enthalpy of air entering the AHU,
2
h

From the figure, considering point 2

By heat balance,
S
R O o
S R O o
m
h m h m
h h m h m h m
4
2 2 4
;
+
= = +

Where:
O

O
h = enthalpy of outside air, kg kJ 6 . 85

R

4
h = enthalpy of recirculated air, kg kJ 45

S

Therefore,
( )( ) ( )( )
kg
kJ
kg
kg kJ kg kg kJ kg
h 8 . 49
sec 66 . 32
45 sec 93 . 29 6 . 85 sec 266 . 3
4
=
+
=
Enthalpy of air leaving the AHU,
3
h

( )
S
T
S T
m
Q
h h h h m Q - ; -
4 3 3 4
= =

Where:
T
Q = total heat load,
T
kW 228 . 476

S

4
h = enthalpy of inside air, kg kJ 45

6

Therefore,
kg
kJ
kg
kW
kg
kJ
h
T
42 . 30
sec 66 . 32
228 . 476
- 45
3
= =

Thus,
( ) TOR or kW
kg
kJ kg
Q
AHU
98 . 179 9 . 632 42 . 30 - 8 . 49
sec
66 . 32 =
|
.
|
\
|
=
Volume of supply air, V
S
1
= m V
S S

Where:
S

1
= specific volume of supply air, kg m
3

From ASHRAE PSYCHROMETRIC CHART, M.E.T.C, page 75
kg kJ h DB C
O
42 . 30 & 15 @
1
=
kg
m
3
1
824 . 0 = u

Therefore,
( )( )
sec
9 . 26 824 . 0 sec 66 . 32
3
3
m
kg m kg V
S
= =

AIR DUCT SIZING

DESIGN CONDITIONS:
Volume flow rate of supply air ------------------------------ sec 9 . 26
3
m
Duct dimensions ---------------------------------------------- W = 4H
No. of units ------------------------------------------------ 2
7

No. of branch take-off --------------------------------------------- 5
No. of outlet per branch take off------------------------------------ 4
Method of calculation------------------------------------------------------
Fitting Data

Elbow, inner & outer radii ratio -------------------------- 2 . 0

Angle, turns and branches-----------------------------------
O
90

Volume flow rate of supply air per branch take-off, Q
B
sec
38 . 5
5
sec 9 . 26
3 3
m m
off Take Branch o Number
V
Q
S
B
= = =

Volume flow rate of supply air per outlet, Q
O
sec
345 . 1
4
sec 38 . 5 -
3 3
m m
Outlets of Number
off Take Branch per Air Supply of Rate Flow Volume
Q
O
= = =

8

Duct Sizes
For the main duct, from the fan outlet to point O,

From figure 6-2, Pressure drop in straight, circular, sheet
metal ducts, REFRIGERATION AND AIRCONDITIONING by
Stoecker & Jones, page 107.
For a volume flow rate of supply air of, s m Q
FO
3
9 . 26 = and a
m Pa P 5 . 1 = A ,
m D
f eq
436 . 1
.
= .
From equation 6-8, REFRIGERATION AND AIRCONDITIONING by
Stoecker & Jones, page 108
( )
( )
25 . 0
625 . 0
.
30 . 1
b a
ab
D
f eq
+
=

Where:
a = H = height of the rectangular duct, m
b = W = width of the rectangular duct, m

Substituting, H W 4 = to the equation above
9

( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
H
H
H
H
H
W H
HW
D
f eq
0677 . 2
5
4
30 . 1
5
4
30 . 1 30 . 1
25 . 0 25 . 0
25 . 1 625 . 0
25 . 0
625 . 0
2
25 . 0
625 . 0
.
= = =
+
=
Thus,
equation working D H
f eq
=
.
4836 . 0
For the height,
FO
H
( ) m m H
FO
694 . 0 436 . 1 4836 . 0 = =
For the width,
FO
W
( ) m m W
FO
78 . 2 694 . 0 4 = =
For the size of duct,
FO
A
2 2
1930 93 . 1 78 . 2 694 . 0 mm m m x m W x H A
FO FO FO
= = = =

Run O to A, two branch take off supplied

OA
3
9 . 26 = and a
m Pa P 5 . 1 = A ,
m D
f eq
436 . 1
.
= .
11

Therefore,

( ) m m H
OA
694 . 0 436 . 1 4836 . 0 = =
( ) m m W
OA
78 . 2 694 . 0 4 = =
2 2
1930 93 . 1 78 . 2 694 . 0 mm m m x m W x H A
OA OA OA
= = = =
Run A to B, two branch take off supplied

For a volume flow rate of supply air of,
( )( ) s m s m Q
OB
3 3
52 . 21 4 38 . 5 = =
m Pa P 5 . 1 = A ,
m D
f eq
306 . 1
.
=

Therefore,
( ) m m H
OB
6316 . 0 306 . 1 4836 . 0 = =
( ) m m W
OB
52 . 2 324 . 0 4 = =
2
59 . 1 52 . 2 6316 . 0 m m x m W x H A
OB OB OB
= = =

11

Run B to C, 3 Branch take off supplied,

s m s m Q
BA
3 3
14 . 16 ) 3 )( 38 . 5 ( = =
m Pa P 5 . 1 = A ,
m D
f eq
186 . 1
.
=
Therefore,
( ) m m H
BA
5735 . 0 186 . 1 4836 . 0 = =

( ) m m W
BC
29 . 2 5735 . 0 4 = =
2
316 . 1 29 . 2 5735 . 0 m m x m W x H A
BA BA BA
= = =

12

Run C to D, 4 branch take off supplied

From figure 6-2, Pressure drop in straight, circular, sheet metal
ducts, REFRIGERATION AND AIRCONDITIONING by Stoecker &
Jones, page 107.
( )( ) s m s m Q
OC
3 3
76 . 10 2 38 . 5 = = & m Pa P 5 . 1 = A ,
m D
f eq
966 . 0
.
=
Therefore,
( ) m m H
OC
467 . 0 966 . 0 4836 . 0 = =
( ) m m W
OC
868 . 1 467 . 0 4 = =
2
873 . 0 868 . 1 467 . 0 m m x m W x H A
OC OC OC
= = =

Run D to E, 5 branch take - off supplied

13

From figure 6-2, Pressure drop in straight, circular, sheet metal
ducts, REFRIGERATION AND AIRCONDITIONING by Stoecker &
Jones, page 107.
s m Q
CD
3
38 . 5 = & m Pa P 5 . 1 = A ,
m D
f eq
756 . 0
.
=
Therefore,
( ) m m H
CD
3656 . 0 756 . 0 4836 . 0 = =
( ) m m W
CD
46 . 1 3656 . 0 4 = =
2
5338 . 0 46 . 1 3656 . 0 m m x m W x H A
CD CD CD
= = =

Branch outlet dimensions
Note:
Since the number of outlets in each branch take off are equal for the
whole system, only one branch take off will be considered in
computing for the duct dimensions and the values obtained will be
replicated in all seven (7) branch outlets.

Considering Branch Take off A,

14

Run A 1, 4 outlets supplied
A
3
1
38 . 5 =
m Pa P 5 . 1 = A ,
m D
f eq
756 . 0
.
=
Therefore,
( ) m m H
A
3656 . 0 756 . 0 4836 . 0
1
= =
( ) m m W
A
4624 . 1 3656 . 0 4
1
= =
2
1 1 1
5347 . 0 4624 . 1 3656 . 0 m m x m W x H A
A A A
= = =

Run 1 2, 3 outlets supplied
( )( ) s m s m Q
3 3
12
035 . 4 3 345 . 1 = =
m Pa P 5 . 1 = A ,
m D
f eq
7 . 0
.
=
Therefore,
( ) m m H 33852 . 0 7 . 0 4836 . 0
12
= =
( ) m m W 354 . 1 33852 . 0 4
12
= =
2
12 12 12
4584 . 0 354 . 1 33852 . 0 m m x m W x H A = = =
15

( )( ) s m s m Q
3 3
23
69 . 2 2 345 . 1 = =
m Pa P 5 . 1 = A ,
m D
f eq
58 . 0
.
=
Therefore,
( ) m m H 28 . 0 58 . 0 4836 . 0
23
= =
( ) m m W 122 . 1 28 . 0 4
23
= =
2
23 23 23
314 . 0 122 . 1 28 . 0 m m x m W x H A = = =

3
34
345 . 1 =
m Pa P 5 . 1 = A ,
m D
f eq
43 . 0
.
=
Therefore,
( ) m m H 208 . 0 43 . 0 4836 . 0
34
= =
( ) m m W 832 . 0 208 . 0 4
34
= =
2
34 34 34
173 . 0 832 . 0 208 . 0 m m x m W x H A = = =
16

Air Velocity,
A
Q
A Q = ; =
Where:
= velocity of air, s m
Q= volume of supply air, s m
3

A = area of the air duct,
2
m
Branch take - off
From fan outlet to branch take off O,
FO
u

sec 937 . 13
93 . 1
sec 9 . 26
2
3
0
0
m
m
m
A
Q
F
F
FA
= = = u
Where:
FO
Q = 26.9 s m
3

FO
A = 1.93
2
m

Run A-B,
AB
u

sec 53 . 13
59 . 1
sec 52 . 21
2
3
m
m
m
A
Q
AB
AB
AB
= = = u
Where:
AB
Q = 21.52 s m
3

17

AB
A = 1.59
2
m
Run B -C,
BC
u

sec 26 . 12
316 . 1
sec 14 . 16
2
3
m
m
m
A
Q
BC
BC
BC
= = = u
Where:
BC
Q = 16.14 s m
3

BC
A = 1.316
2
m

Run C - D,
CD
u

sec 325 . 12
873 . 0
sec 76 . 10
2
3
m
m
m
A
Q
CD
CD
CD
= = = u
Where:
CD
Q = 10.76 s m
3

CD
A = 0.873
2
m
Run D - E,
DE

sec 078 . 10
5338 . 0
sec 38 . 5
2
3
m
m
m
A
Q
DE
DE
DE
= = = u
Where:
DE
Q = 5.38 s m
3

DE
A = 0.5338
2
m

18

Branch Outlets

Note:
Since the number of outlets in each branch take off are equal for the
whole system, only one branch take off will be considered in
computing for the duct velocities and the values obtained will be
replicated in all seven (7) branch outlets.

Run A - 1,
1 A

sec 06 . 10
5347 . 0
sec 38 . 5
2
3
1
1
1
m
m
m
A
Q
A
A
A
= = = u
Where:
1 A
Q = 5.38 s m
3

1 A
A = 0.5347
2
m

Run 1 - 2,
12

sec 802 . 8
4584 . 0
sec 035 . 4
2
3
12
12
12
m
m
m
A
Q
= = = u
Where:
12
Q = 4.035 s m
3

12
A = 0.4584
2
m

19

Run 2 - 3,
23

sec 57 . 8
314 . 0
sec 69 . 2
2
3
23
23
23
m
m
m
A
Q
= = = u
Where:
23
Q = 2.69 s m
3

23
A = 0.314
2
m

Run 3 - 4,
34

sec 77 . 7
173 . 0
sec 345 . 1
2
3
34
34
34
m
m
m
A
Q
= = = u
Where:
34
Q = 1.345 s m
3

34
A = 0.173
2
m

Determination of Pressure Drops
Considering the Run
4 3 2 1
A A A A FOA

Run FO, Straight Duct
21

( ) ( ) Pa m Pa m m P L P
FO FO
958 . 6 5 . 1 6387 . 4 = = A = A

Run O, Turn
From figure 6 8, Pressure losses in rectangular elbows,
REFRIGERATION and AIRCONDITONING by: Stoecker & Jones,
page 113
For a width to height ratio (W/H) equal to 4, inner and outer radius ratio
of 0.20
( ) ( )
25 . 0 =
2
2
air OB
TOB
v
P

Where:
air
= density of supply air, kg / m
3

OB
v = velocity of air in run O, 13.937 m / sec

From table 6 2, Viscosity and Density of dry air at standard
atmospheric pressure, REFRIGERATION and AIRCONDITONING
by: Stoecker & Jones, page 106
Temperature
O
C
Viscosity ,
Pa - s
Density ,
kg / m
3
10
20
17.708
18.178
1.2467
1.2041
Since the temperature of the supply air is at 15
0
C, by interpolation,
@ 15 C
= 1.2254 kg / m
3

Therefore,
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
Pa
m kg m v
P
air OB
OT
75 . 29
2
2254 . 1 sec 937 . 13
25 . 0
2
25 . 0
3 2 2
= = = A

Run OA, Straight Duct
OA OA
654 . 15 5 . 1 4360 . 10 = = A = A

Branch take off A, Turn
21

page 113
of 0.20
( ) ( )
25 . 0
2
2
=
A
air AT
AT
v
P

Where:
air
= density of supply air, 1.2254 kg / m
3

AT
v = velocity of air in run OA, 13.937 m / sec

Therefore,
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
Pa
m kg m v
P
air OB
AT
75 . 29
2
2254 . 1 sec 937 . 13
25 . 0
2
25 . 0
3 2 2
= = = A

Run AA
1
, Straight Duct
AA AA
255 . 3 5 . 1 1703 . 2
1 1
= = A = A

Run AA
2
, Straight Duct
AA AA
6623 . 8 5 . 1 7749 . 5
2 2
= = A = A

Run AA
3
, Straight Duct
AA AA
4195 . 14 5 . 1 613 . 9
3 3
= = A = A

Run AA
4
, Straight Duct
AA AA
6951 . 18 5 . 1 4634 . 12
4 4
= = A = A

22

Therefore,
( )
Pa P
Pa
P P P P P P P P P
FOBA
AA AA AA AA
AT OA OT FO FOA
1439 . 127
6951 . 18 4195 . 14 6623 . 8 225 . 3 75 . 29 654 . 15 75 . 29 958 . 6
7
4
4 3 2 1
= A
+ + + + + + + =
A + A + A + A + A + A + A + A = A

Considering the Run
4 3 2 1
B B B FOBB

FO FO
958 . 6 5 . 1 6387 . 4 = = A = A

Run O, Turn
page 113
of 0.29
( ) ( )
25 . 0
2
2
=
A
air TO
TOB
v
P

Where:
air
3

23

TO
v = velocity of air in run OB, 13.937 m / sec

Therefore,
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
Pa
m kg m v
P
air TO
TO
75 . 29
2
2254 . 1 sec 937 . 13
25 . 0
2
25 . 0
3 2 2
= = = A

Branch take off A, Duct Straight Through

From Equation 6 16, REFRIGERATION and
AIRONDITIONING by Stoecker & Jones, page 114
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
Pa P
m
P
V
V V
P
A DST
A DST
AB
OA air OA
A DST
038 . 0
937 . 13
53 . 13
1 4 . 0
2
2254 . 1 sec 53 . 13
1 4 . 0
2
2
2
2
2
= A
|
.
|
\
|
= A
|
|
.
|
\
|
= A

Run OB, Turn
page 113
of 0.29
( ) ( )
25 . 0
2
2
=
A
air TOB
TOB
v
P

Where:
air
3

TOB

Therefore,
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
Pa
m kg m v
P
air TOB
TOB
04 . 28
2
2254 . 1 sec 53 . 13
25 . 0
2
25 . 0
3 2 2
= = = A

24

Run OB, Straight Duct
OB OB
204 . 27 5 . 1 136 . 18 = = A = A

Run BB
1
, Straight Duct
BB BB
5442 . 3 5 . 1 3628 . 2
1 1
= = A = A

Run BB
2
, Straight Duct
BB BB
9511 . 8 5 . 1 9674 . 5
2 2
= = A = A

Run BB
3
, Straight Duct
BB BB
708 . 14 5 . 1 8055 . 9
3 3
= = A = A

Run BB
4
, Straight Duct
BB BB
9838 . 18 5 . 1 6559 . 12
4 4
= = A = A

Therefore,
25

( )
Pa P
Pa
P P P P P P P P P P
FOBA
BB BB BB BB
OB TOB DSTA TO FO
B B B FOBB
1771 . 138
9838 . 18 708 . 14 9511 . 8 5442 . 3 204 . 27 04 . 28 038 . 0 75 . 29 958 . 6
7
4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1
= A
+ + + + + + + + =
A + A + A + A + A + A + A + A + A = A

Considering the Run
4 3 2 1
C C C FOCC

FO FO
958 . 6 5 . 1 6387 . 4 = = A = A

Run O, Turn
page 113
of 0.29
( ) ( )
25 . 0
2
2
=
A
air TO
TOB
v
P

Where:
air
3

TO

26

Therefore,
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
Pa
m kg m v
P
air TO
TO
75 . 29
2
2254 . 1 sec 937 . 13
25 . 0
2
25 . 0
3 2 2
= = = A


( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
Pa P
m
P
V
V V
P
A DST
A DST
AB
OA air OA
A DST
038 . 0
937 . 13
53 . 13
1 4 . 0
2
2254 . 1 sec 53 . 13
1 4 . 0
2
2
2
2
2
= A
|
.
|
\
|
= A
|
|
.
|
\
|
= A

Branch take off B, Duct Straight Through

( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
Pa P
m
P
V
V V
P
B DST
B DST
BC
OB air BC
B DST
03245 . 0
53 . 13
26 . 12
1 4 . 0
2
2254 . 1 sec 26 . 12
1 4 . 0
2
2
2
2
2
= A
|
.
|
\
|
= A
|
|
.
|
\
|
= A

Run OC, Turn
page 113
of 0.29
27

( ) ( )
25 . 0
2
2
=
A
air TOC
TOC
v
P

Where:
air
3

TOC

Therefore,
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
Pa
m kg m v
P
air TOC
TOC
0234 . 23
2
2254 . 1 sec 26 . 12
25 . 0
2
25 . 0
3 2 2
= = = A

Run OC, Straight Duct
OC OC
754 . 38 5 . 1 836 . 25 = = A = A

Run CC
1
, Straight Duct
CC CC
623 . 3 5 . 1 4153 . 2
1 1
= = A = A

Run CC
2
, Straight Duct
CC CC
02985 . 9 5 . 1 0199 . 6
2 2
= = A = A

Run CC
3
, Straight Duct
CC CC
787 . 14 5 . 1 858 . 9
3 3
= = A = A

Run CC
4
, Straight Duct
CC CC
0626 . 19 5 . 1 7084 . 12
4 4
= = A = A

28

Therefore,
Pa P
Pa
P P P P P P P P P P P
C C C FOCC
CC CC CC CC
OC TOC DSTB DSTA TO FO
C C C FOCC
0583 . 145
0626 . 19 787 . 14 02985 . 9
623 . 3 754 . 38 0234 . 23 03245 . 0 038 . 0 75 . 29 958 . 6
4 3 2 1
4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1
= A
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ + +
+ + + + + +
=
A + A + A + A + A + A + A + A + A + A = A

Considering the Run
4 3 2 1
D D D FODD

FO FO
958 . 6 5 . 1 6387 . 4 = = A = A

Run O, Turn
page 113
of 0.29
( ) ( )
25 . 0
2
2
=
A
air TO
TOB
v
P

Where:
29

air
3

TO

Therefore,
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
Pa
m kg m v
P
air TO
TO
75 . 29
2
2254 . 1 sec 937 . 13
25 . 0
2
25 . 0
3 2 2
= = = A


( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
Pa P
m
P
V
V V
P
A DST
A DST
AB
OA air OA
A DST
038 . 0
937 . 13
53 . 13
1 4 . 0
2
2254 . 1 sec 53 . 13
1 4 . 0
2
2
2
2
2
= A
|
.
|
\
|
= A
|
|
.
|
\
|
= A


( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
Pa P
m
P
V
V V
P
B DST
B DST
BC
OB air BC
B DST
03245 . 0
53 . 13
26 . 12
1 4 . 0
2
2254 . 1 sec 26 . 12
1 4 . 0
2
2
2
2
2
= A
|
.
|
\
|
= A
|
|
.
|
\
|
= A

Branch take off C, Duct Straight Through

31

( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
Pa P
m
P
V
V V
P
C DST
C DST
BC
OC air OC
C DST
001046 . 0
26 . 12
325 . 12
1 4 . 0
2
2254 . 1 sec 325 . 12
1 4 . 0
2
2
2
2
2
= A
|
.
|
\
|
= A
|
|
.
|
\
|
= A

Run OD, Turn
page 113
of 0.29
( ) ( )
25 . 0
2
2
=
A
air TOD
TOD
v
P

Where:
air
3

TOD
v = velocity of air in run OD, 12.325 m / sec

Therefore,
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
Pa
m kg m v
P
air TOD
TOD
268 . 23
2
2254 . 1 sec 325 . 12
25 . 0
2
25 . 0
3 2 2
= = = A

Run OD, Straight Duct
OD OD
304 . 50 5 . 1 536 . 33 = = A = A

Run DD
1
, Straight Duct
DD DD
9896 . 2 5 . 1 9931 . 1
1 1
= = A = A

31

Run DD
2
, Straight Duct
DD DD
856 . 8 5 . 1 904 . 5
2 2
= = A = A

Run DD
3
, Straight Duct
DD DD
9579 . 12 5 . 1 6386 . 8
3 3
= = A = A

Run DD
4
, Straight Duct
DD DD
7746 . 16 5 . 1 1831 . 11
4 4
= = A = A

Therefore,
Pa P
Pa
P P P P P P P P P P P P
D D D FODD
DD DD DD DD
OD TOD DSTD DSTB DSTA TO FO
D D D FODD
932 . 151
7746 . 16 9579 . 12 856 . 8 9896 . 2
304 . 50 268 . 23 001046 . 0 03245 . 0 038 . 0 75 . 29 958 . 6
4 3 2 1
4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1
= A
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ + + +
+ + + + + +
=
A + A + A + A + A A + A + A + A + A + A = A

Considering the Run
4 3 2 1
E E E FOEE

32

FO FO
958 . 6 5 . 1 6387 . 4 = = A = A

Run O, Turn
page 113
of 0.29
( ) ( )
25 . 0
2
2
=
A
air TO
TOB
v
P

Where:
air
3

TO

Therefore,
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
Pa
m kg m v
P
air TO
TO
75 . 29
2
2254 . 1 sec 937 . 13
25 . 0
2
25 . 0
3 2 2
= = = A


33

( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
Pa P
m
P
V
V V
P
A DST
A DST
AB
OA air OA
A DST
038 . 0
937 . 13
53 . 13
1 4 . 0
2
2254 . 1 sec 53 . 13
1 4 . 0
2
2
2
2
2
= A
|
.
|
\
|
= A
|
|
.
|
\
|
= A


( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
Pa P
m
P
V
V V
P
B DST
B DST
BC
OB air OB
B DST
03245 . 0
53 . 13
26 . 12
1 4 . 0
2
2254 . 1 sec 26 . 12
1 4 . 0
2
2
2
2
2
= A
|
.
|
\
|
= A
|
|
.
|
\
|
= A

Branch take off C, Duct Straight Through

( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
Pa P
m
P
V
V V
P
C DST
C DST
CD
OC air OC
C DST
001046 . 0
26 . 12
325 . 12
1 4 . 0
2
2254 . 1 sec 325 . 12
1 4 . 0
2
2
2
2
2
= A
|
.
|
\
|
= A
|
|
.
|
\
|
= A

Branch take off D, Duct Straight Through

34

( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
Pa P
m
P
V
V V
P
D DST
D DST
DE
OD air OD
D DST
827 . 0
325 . 12
078 . 10
1 4 . 0
2
2254 . 1 sec 078 . 10
1 4 . 0
2
2
2
2
2
= A
|
.
|
\
|
= A
|
|
.
|
\
|
= A

Run OE, Turn
page 113
of 0.29
( ) ( )
25 . 0
2
2
=
A
air TOE
TOE
v
P

Where:
air
3

TOE
v = velocity of air in run OD, 10.078 m / sec

Therefore,
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
Pa
m kg m v
P
air TOE
TOE
557 . 15
2
2254 . 1 sec 078 . 10
25 . 0
2
25 . 0
3 2 2
= = = A

Run OE, Straight Duct
OE OE
854 . 61 5 . 1 236 . 41 = = A = A

35

Run EE
1
, Straight Duct
EE EE
295 . 3 5 . 1 1971 . 2
1 1
= = A = A

Run EE
2
, Straight Duct
EE EE
316 . 8 5 . 1 5437 . 5
2 2
= = A = A

Run EE
3
, Straight Duct
EE EE
6939 . 12 5 . 1 4626 . 8
3 3
= = A = A

Run EE
4
, Straight Duct
EE EE
8 . 16 5 . 1 20005 . 11
4 4
= = A = A

Therefore,
Pa P
Pa
P P P P P P P P P P P P P
E E E FOEE
EE EE EE EE
OE TOE DSTD DSTC DSTB DSTA TO FO
E E E FOEE
122 . 156
8 . 16 6939 . 12 316 . 8 295 . 3
854 . 61 557 . 15 827 . 0 001046 . 0 03245 . 0 038 . 0 75 . 29 958 . 6
4 3 2 1
4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1
= A
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ + + +
+ + + + + + +
=
A + A + A + A + A A + A + A + A + A + A + A = A

Duct Design

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Duct Design

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Duct Design Example No.(1) By Badran M.

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