Energy Conservation Potential In Indian Municipalities -A Case Of Namakkal Municipality

ENERGY CONSERVATION POTENTIAL IN INDIAN MUNICIPALITIES A CASE OF NAMAKKAL MUNICIPALITY

A.Shajahan
Formerly with National Productivity Council as Deputy Director (Environment) Email : alishajahan@gmail.com

1. Background
The municipalities consume considerable amount of electrical energy towards meeting the needs of general public. A good amount of electricity is consumed not only to light the streets but also to pump the water for treatment and supply to the public. In addition, there are a number of Government buildings which consume large quantity of electricity. While meeting the public needs is of prime importance, energy efficiency takes a backseat. It is not uncommon to observe street lights on even after the sun rise leading to the energy waste. While such losses are visible and obvious greater losses occur in pumping and distributing water. Contrary to the popular adage Energy saved is Energy Produced one unit of energy saved in the user-end leads to a saving of more than 2 3 units of energy generated. Thus saving energy not only conserves natural resources and reduces cost but also helps in mitigating climate change by reducing GHG emission. Keeping this in view, an energy audit was conducted by the National Productivity Council, India in Namakkal town in collaboration with Namakkal Municipality under Green Productivity Demonstration Project (GPDP) sponsored by APO as a model case for making town an Eco-city. Namakkal Municipality was established in the year 1970 and has an area of 10.24 sq. kms. It has 30 wards, 110 streets and 53041 population. The total length of the roads is 53.78 kms. Being a progressive municipality it had, much before the audit, implemented several energy efficiency measures such as Installation of High efficiency Sodium Vapour Lamps, Timer controlled switches for street lighting and

National Productivity Council, India

Energy Conservation Potential In Indian Municipalities -A Case Of Namakkal Municipality

Installation of capacitors to maintain near unity power factor for its pumping stations.

2. Energy use pattern

Electricity is the major source of energy used for water supply system and street lighting services. Diesel is the other form of energy used for transport vehicles and standby DG sets. Since the consumption of diesel is insignificant, it is not considered as a part of the study.

Total Annual Energy Bill

Diesel Rs. 10 Lakhs

Components of energy bill

Annual Electricity bill 2004 - Rs. 1. 24 Crores
Borewell Water Supply 4% Water Pumping 48%

Municipality Buildings 28%

Electricity, Rs.124 Lakhs

Street Lightig 20%

3. Energy Audit and Analysis

Energy audit and analysis was conducted for all the electrical energy use areas. The findings are as follows: Equipment / System
Contract Demand at head works and booster station Pump at River head works of Old Scheme Pump at Booster Pumping Station of Old Scheme Pump at River head works of New Scheme Pump at Booster Pumping Station of New Scheme 250 W Sodium Vapour lamps in Main Roads

Performance / Efficiency
Max. Demand = 156 KVA 86 % 49% 81 % 59.24% High luminance of main roads

Remarks
Scope for reducing the Contract Demand and avail tariff benefits Good Efficiency Imperfect matching of pump with the pumping system Good Efficiency Imperfect matching of pump with the pumping system Shops and Establishments have their own lighting in front

National Productivity Council, India

Energy Conservation Potential In Indian Municipalities -A Case Of Namakkal Municipality

75 W Sodium Vapour lamps in Street lighting 40 W Fluroescent lamps with Metallic choke in Municipal office lighting High Mast Lighting

Poor luminance High power consumption High Power consumption (400 W each) High Power consumption of 250 W

Due to poor colouring index Lamp (40W) and choke (17 W) All lights are on even during lean period of 11 P.M to 4 A.M Incandescant lamps used. (Less Energy Efficient)

Signal Lighting at Clock tower

Old Scheme
Overhead

New Scheme
tanks
Overhead tanks

Cauvery river

Cauvery river

9.31 km

9.31 km 9.65 km RCC pipe 12 Distribution

9.65 km
Cast iron pipe 9

Distribution

40 HP (30 kW) Sump Flow -1320 LPM 40 HP (30 kW) Head 77 m Flow -1290 LPM Booster Head 100 m Pumping Station Mohanur Aniapuram Nammakkal

40 HP 75 HP (55 kW) Sump Flow 3120 LPM 120HP (90 kW) Head 75 m Flow 3600 LPM Booster Pumping Head 96.2 m Station Mohanur Namakkal Aniapuram

4.0 Summary Of Energy Saving Recommendations

Based on the energy audit and analysis, energy saving measures were evolved. After discussions with municipal officials. The trials suggested by the NPC experts were also conducted by municipal officials and they also participated actively in the analysis of energy use and data. The evolved energy saving measures were evaluated for annual energy saving potential, investment and payback period which are presented in the table below.

S. No.

Energy Saving Recommendations

Annual Energy Saving Potential Quantity (kWh) Rs.

80,000 (US$ 1778)

Estimated Investment Rs.

Nil

Simple Pay Back Period Months

-

1.

Reduce the contract demand for Mohanur head works

33 kVA

National Productivity Council, India

Energy Conservation Potential In Indian Municipalities -A Case Of Namakkal Municipality

2.

3.

4.

5.

Reduce the contract demand for Aniapuram booster station Provide energy efficient pump at Aniapuram booster station (old scheme) Provide energy efficient pump at Aniapuram booster station (New Scheme) Reduce the wattage of sodium vapour lamps

14 kVA

33,600 (US$ 747) 3,00,000 (US$6667)

Nil

75,000

50,000 (US$ 1000)

1,00,000

4,00,000 (US$ 8889)

50,000 (US$ 1000)

Less than 2

1,45,854

5,00,000 (US$ 11111)

6.

Replace 75 W sodium vapour lamps with 40 W fluorescent lamps Provide energy saving device in Municipality office lighting Change switching strategy for high mast lighting Change to efficient LED lamps for signal lighting at clock tower Total

2857

10,000 (US$ 222)

7.

2233

13,400 (US$298) 16,000 (US$356) 6000 (US$133) 13,64,000 (US$30,311)

Replacement only if the existing lamp fails Replacement only if the existing lamp fails 12,000 (US$267) 6000 (US$133) 6000

11

8. 9.

2667 1000

5 12

329611

Total electricity bill 2004 Energy saving potential

Rs. 1.24 crores ((US$275556) Rs. 13.6 lakhs(US$30,222) 11%

Percentage cost savings potential -

5.0 Conclusion
Namakkal Municipality is implementing the recommended Energy saving measures in the right earnest and the savings will be achieved in the months to come. These efforts of Namakkal Municipality will stimulate other municipalities in India and other developing countries to take up similar work and reap the benefits.

National Productivity Council, India