Professional Documents
Culture Documents
=h-N
TOPOGRAPHIC SURFACE
N
Geoid
4
Ellipsoid GRS80
Projection types
Projections convert spherical coordinates (latitudelongitude) to planar coordinates. Three fundamental types of projections:
Azimuthal: projection onto a planar surface Cylindrical: projection onto a cylinder, which is then unrolled to a plane. Conic: projection onto a cone, which can be unrolled to a plane.
All projections create distortions of either shape, area, distance, or more than one of these.
UTM
Worldwide system with units in meters In northern hemisphere, Y-coordinate (northing) is distance in meters from the Equator. X-coordinate (easting) is distance in meters east from a central meridian for a zone (negative values west of the central meridian). Consists of 60 zones, each 6 degrees wide.
10
LATITUDE-LONGITUDE GRID, UTM ZONE BOUNDARY, AND STATE PLANE COORDINATE SYSTEM ZONE BOUNDARY
85 42 84 83 82 81
ASHTABULA
80
WILLIAMS
FULTON
CUYAHOGA PORTAGE
TRUMBULL
SENECA
HURON
MEDINA
SUMMIT
MAHONING
41
WYANDOT
CRAWFORD
RICHLAND
ASHLAND
CARROLL MARION MORROW LOGAN SHELBY KNOX UNION COSHOCTON DELAWARE HARRISON HOLMES TUSCARAWAS JEFFERSON
40
PREBLE MONTGOMERY
CLARK FAIRFIELD GREENE FAYETTE HOCKING BUTLER WARREN CLINTON ROSS ATHENS VINTON HIGHLAND HAMILTON CLERMONT PIKE JACKSON MEIGS WASHINGTON PICKAWAY PERRY NOBLE MONROE MORGAN
39
BROWN
ADAMS SCIOTO
GALLIA
LAWRENCE
N
0 10 20 30 miles
0 10 20 30 40 kilometers
38
UTM ZONE 17
11
1927 North American Datum To place on the predicted North American Datum 1983 move the projection lines 4 meters south and 6 meters west as shown by dashed corner ticks.
12
13
Geodetic Position
Latitude NAD 27 NAD 83 (1986) Difference 40 03 09.89400 40 03 10.12158 -0.22758 North 23.06 ft Overall position shift of 34.14 ft NE Longitude 82 58 35.2650 82 58 34.92303 -0.34197 East 25.17 ft
14
15
16
UNITS
Meters, U.S. Survey Feet, International Feet
http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/datasheet.prl
National Geodetic Survey, Retrieval Date = MARCH 21, 2003 KZ1585 *********************************************************************** KZ1585 DESIGNATION - SHANNAHAN KZ1585 PID - KZ1585 KZ1585 STATE/COUNTY- OH/DELAWARE KZ1585 USGS QUAD - POWELL (1988) KZ1585 KZ1585 *CURRENT SURVEY CONTROL KZ1585 ___________________________________________________________________ KZ1585* NAD 83(1995)- 40 09 24.94135(N) 083 00 26.03461(W) ADJUSTED KZ1585* NAVD 88 296.307 (meters) 972.13 (feet) ADJUSTED KZ1585 ___________________________________________________________________ KZ1585 X 594,316.727 (meters) COMP KZ1585 Y - -4,845,377.251 (meters) COMP KZ1585 Z 4,091,487.584 (meters) COMP KZ1585 LAPLACE CORR-3.19 (seconds) DEFLEC99 KZ1585 ELLIP HEIGHT262.49 (meters) (04/01/98) GPS OBS KZ1585 GEOID HEIGHT-33.85 (meters) GEOID99 KZ1585 KZ1585 HORZ ORDER - FIRST KZ1585 VERT ORDER - FIRST CLASS I KZ1585 ELLP ORDER - FOURTH CLASS I . . . . . KZ1585 KZ1585; North East Units Scale Converg. KZ1585;SPC OH N 54,568.670 556,782.294 MT 1.00006442 -0 19 59.6 KZ1585;SPC OH S 239,579.155 556,783.904 MT 1.00002679 -0 19 18.7 KZ1585;UTM 17 - 4,447,106.432 329,050.199 MT 0.99995976 -1 17 41.1 KZ1585 KZ1585 SUPERSEDED SURVEY CONTROL KZ1585 KZ1585 NAD 83(1986)- 40 09 24.94900(N) 083 00 26.04100(W) AD( ) 1 KZ1585 NAD 27 - 40 09 24.72300(N) 083 00 26.37800(W) AD( ) 1 KZ1585 NGVD 29 296.464 (m) 972.65 (f) ADJ UNCH 1 1 KZ1585 KZ1585.See file *dsdata.txt to determine how the superseded data were derived. *dsdata.txt = Metadata for all datasheet information
18
19
20
Adjustment tags
NAD83 has been readjusted periodically with most states having 2 or 3 adjustments with a final national adjustment planned in 2005. Each time this happens a small number of points are held fixed at the best values available at the time In general each readjustment will result in new coordinates for all points in the effected area. 2005 Nationwide adjustment <5 cm change
21
STATE PLANE AND UNIVERSIAL TRANSVERSE MERCATOR GRID COORDINATES ARE A DIRECT MATHEMATICAL CONVERSION FROM LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE TO A CARTESIAN NORTHING AND EASTING (Y & X) COORDINATE SYSTEM, AND MUST MAINTAIN THE SAME DATUM TAG [e.g. NAD 83(1993)] AS THE LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE
22
Lambert Conformal Conic and Transverse Mercator Projections International, State and County Boundaries Zones Approximately 158 miles wide NAD 27 - Coordinates in U.S. Survey Feet NAD 83 - Coordinates Metric w/State Defined Foot Conversion 1 Meter = 3.280833333 U.S. Survey Feet 1 Meter = 3.280839895 International Feet U.S. Survey foot in Ohio
23
24