Professional Documents
Culture Documents
The design of a hot water system may follow the procedure below: 1. Determine the demand of hot water - quantity and temperature 2. Selecting the type, capacity and heating surface of the calorifier - or heat exchanger 3. Selecting the boiler 4. Design pipe scheme and size pipes
(1b)
Ha = heat supply available (kW) ta = heating time available (sec) With an instantaneous heater with no accumulating calorifier the heat supply can be calculated as: H = 4.19 v (q2 - q1) where v = required volume flow (liter/s) The heating surface of a heat exchanger can be calculated as: A = 1000 H / k qm (3) where A = heating surface (m2) H = rate heating (kW) k = overall heat transmission coefficient (W/m2K) qm = logarithmic mean temperature difference (K) Heat transmission coefficient depends material and construction of the calorifier. (2)
The boiler
Boiler with the correct rating must be selected from manufacturer catalogues where Boiler rating = Heating capacity of calorifier + safety margin (normally 10 - 20%)