BRAINTYPES.

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The descriptions below (except for the physical attributes) are similar to the 16 personality types that have been popularized and expanded in recent years from the early 20 th century typological findings of Swiss psychiatrist, Carl Jung. Unlike Jungs oft-errant psychological theories, his personality evaluations were insightful and based upon observing normal behavior in thousands of people over the course of his lifetime. BTI's independent studies and experiences have led us to concur that there are sixteen types. However, our belief concerning the various types is quite different from the norm. We distinguish these differing designs as Brain Typesfound in all people the world overeach with unique cerebral/cognitive, physical/motor and visual/spatial skill proficiencies. The short definitions below of each Brain Type are only simple summariesgeneric descriptions for the majority within each category. Though personas can vary significantly within individuals of each Brain Type (due to nurture: parenting, upbringing, etc., and nature: genetic variances), we believe that differing inborn neural circuits in each BT affect specific cognitive, physical, and spatial skills and that these similarities within each design are due to genetic hardwiring nature. BTI has built upon the empirical data collected by Jung and subsequent protagonists of his by applying neuroscientific, genetic, and biomechanical studies implemented by others and us. Our attempt has been to take Jungs soft typological findings into the 21 st century hard sciences for verification. Our efforts have convinced us that Jung, including his modern-day devotees, was (and are) on the right trackthough we believe they are far removed from the accuracy and scientific understanding now available for evaluating human behavior (cognitive, physical, and spatial). Not only do we believe that Jungs original type preferences and functions can be attributed to specific regions of the brain, but that they can be directly linked to specific motor (via the brains motor cortex) and spatial skills. Whereas Jungs followers have devoted their attentions to outward personality characteristics, BTIs studies and experience have led us to minimize outward persona and fixate on internal biological and physical characteristics that dictate cognitive, physical, and spatial behaviors. We are not interested in the typical psychological aspects of mankind but rather the quantifiable and verifiable biological behavioral dimensionsto be applied pragmatically to living life. We are not psychologists nor do we practice psychology. We are attempting to bring about a new and verifiable science--which we call Brain Typing. We are not there yet, but we believe we aren't far away. BTI has recently released new terminology and nomenclature for our Brain Types, distinct from the 8 letters espoused by Jungian enthusiasts. Though we find no fault in Jungs 8 terms, we believe there is a much more accurate and scientific way to describe mans inborn skills. Though we have privately used these descriptions for years, we now believe the time is better for sharing some of this information with the publicwhich is generally disinterested in technical terms. Nonetheless, we believe it is necessary to assist others in going deeper into Brain Types and how the brain directs our various inborn "behaviors". We believe that Brain Typing is the most accurate methodology for evaluating and describing mans inborn normal behaviorcerebrally and physically. Each of the 16 Brain Types have sub-classifications (which we hold in confidence at this time)based upon other genetic variables. BTI has recently finished collaboration on another genetic study regarding a particular

brain neurotransmitter. As other outside studies have already demonstrated that various neurotransmitter polymorphisms affect personality and behavior, BTI has pursued this course as well since 1996examining the different Brain Types. Though we still believe that all people the world over fall into only one of the 16 designs, we clearly realize that each BT has other genetic variances that create sub categories within it. This helps explain further the minor differences within each inborn design. We encourage you to keep abreast of not only what BTI is espousing and bringing about, but to notice published genetic studies that are strongly suggesting and proving that mans normal behavior is more than 50% genetically based.

BRAIN TYPES & THE BRAIN

BODY SKILLS

The 16 Brain Types can be categorized in broader terms. Below they are listed as SJs, SPs, NFs, and NTs.

SJs
ISTJ "Investigator" gatherer of data; compelled to identify reality and bring order; stable, conservative, dependable, reserved, logical, fastidious, systematic, painstaking, thorough, dutiful; fine motor skilled. ESTJ "Supervisor" excels at organizing and running activities and orderly procedures; matter-of-fact; consistent, efficient, energetic, pragmatic, critiquing; likes rules and laws; values traditions; commerceoriented; fine motor skilled. ISFJ "Assistant" concerned with others welfare; responsible, reserved, patient, practical, friendly, orderly, inquisitive regarding people, harm-avoiding; conscientious, thorough, loyal; service-oriented; gross motor skilled. ESFJ "Facilitator" hospitable, focuses on usefulness; energetic, realistic; develops and nurtures relationships; sensitive to praise and criticism; expresses feelings; conscientious; orderly; friendly promoter, commerce- oriented, gross motor skilled.

SPs
ISTP "Athlete" artful with machines, tools, and hands; seeks action and excitement; superb tacticianseizing the moment; athletic, competitive, witty but usually not wordy; street smart; ever-thinking; can be intense with deep convictions; adaptive; fine motor skilled. ESTP "Opportunist" "smooth operator," deal-maker; tactical, enterprising; adaptable, persuasive, energetic; seeks fun and excitement; athletic; enjoys the moment; realistic, good natured, self-focused; body- and clothes-conscious; entrepreneur; negotiator; promoter; fine motor skilled. ISFP "Artisan"

appreciates beauty and texture; artistic, athletic and graceful; reticent, not verbally expressive; realistic; sensitive, modest, kind; sympathetic; impulsive, enjoys freedom; service-oriented; gross motor skilled. ESFP "Entertainer" performs to entertain others; enjoys creating party-like atmosphere; spendernot a saver; expressive; down-to-earth; radiates warmth and optimism; impulsive, enjoys promoting and business; rhythmical and athletic; gross motor skilled.

NFs
INFP "Idealist" deep internal values; idealistic, romantic, appears calm; generally reticent; creative, avoids conflict, sensitive, aware of others feelings; sacrificial, welcomes new ideas; flexible, interested in learning and writing; composer; language skilled. ENFP "Motivator" highly energetic; enthusiastic, charming, imaginative, improvisational; sees possibilities; spontaneous; easily bored with repetition; enjoys solving peoples problems; catalyst, marketer, language skilled. INFJ "Wordsmith" potential gifted writer; imaginative, conscientious; has concern for the needs and development of others; empathetic; enjoys enriching inner life; methodical; quietly forceful; counselor; language skilled. ENFJ "Educator" teacher/pastor; socially sophisticated; expressive, ambitious, catalyst, cooperative, devoted, fluent, imaginative, emotional; opinionated; interested in ideas and possibilities; seeks order, language skilled.

NTs
INTP "Logician" master of conceptual logic; problem-solver; scientificdesires understanding of universe; designs logical models; seeks precision; introspective; adaptable; tends to excel in theoretical, philosophical subjects; logical abstraction skilled. ENTP "Strategizer" "precocious planner," imaginative, alert to possibilities; quick thinking; likes complexity; computer proficient; enjoys one-up-manship; enthusiastic, outspoken, artistic, comedic, manipulative, spontaneous, entrepreneurial; logical abstraction skilled. INTJ "Inventor" applicator of ideas; builder of theoretical systems; self-confident; independent, reserved, singleminded, conceptual; seeks knowledge; not impressed with authority; determined, analytic, stubborn, skeptical, scientific; logical abstraction skilled. ENTJ "Chief Executive Officer" born "CEO," driven, takes charge; harnesses people to a distant goal; strategic; expressive; potential good debater and public speaker; seeks vision and purpose; political; self-focused; structured; logical abstraction skilled.

BRAIN TYPES & THE BRAIN Jung-Myers (Extraversion) expressive, Brain Typing Front F: anterior, forepart, energy-expending, external, broad, many (Introversion) reflective, Back B: posterior, rear, energy-conserving, internal, deep, few (Sensing) realistic, Empirical E: observe, experience, literal, concrete, actual, 5 senses, pragmatist, what is (iNtuitive) theoretical, Conceptual C: imagine, envision, figurative, abstract, idealistic, 6th sense, visionary, what could be (Feeling) Animate A: living, persons, emotion, compassion, encourage, feelings, deductive, subjective, relational (Thinking) Inanimate I: non-living, things, logic, justice, critique, issues, inductive, objective, systematic (Perceiving) Right R : synthetic, holistic, universal, adaptable, multiple, graceful, artistic, spatial adeptness peripherally, etc., pattern-skilled, sufficient solution, welcoming of interruptions, skilled at drawing and sculpting, spatial and visual logic, play-oriented

(Judging) mechanical, to

Left L:

analytic, divisible, local, ordered, sequential, detailed, speech-skilled, exact solution, resistant interruptions, skilled at reading and writing,

numerical and verbal logic, work-oriented

RIGHT BRAIN: Jung/Myers BT

ENFP: INFP: ENTP: INTP: ESFP: ISFP ESTP: ISTP:

FCAR BCAR FCIR BCIR FEAR BEAR FEIR BEIR

(Front, Conceptual, Animate, Right) (Back, Conceptual, Animate, Right)

LEFT BRAIN: Jung/Myers ENFJ: INFJ: ENTJ: BT FCAL BCAL FCIL (Front, Conceptual, Animate, Left) (Back, Conceptual, Animate, Left)

INTJ: ESTJ: ISTJ: ESFJ: ISFJ:

BCIL FEIL BEIL FEAL BEAL

The eight Jung-Myers mental processes and their respective cerebral locales based upon neuroscientific studies

The following reflect the brains influence on the eight Jung-Myers mental processes and their respective cerebral locales. These are only basic points. (For a more detailed explanation, refer to Jonathan Niednagels book Your Key to Sports Success): Extraversion and Introversionmeasuring the focus and levels of energy Extraversion (E): activated principally in front of forebrainanterior to central sulcus --personalitythe prefrontal cortex is the most significant area for creating ones outward personality. --Expressing language through conversation/speech (activated by Brocas [left anterior forebrain]). In general, Extraverts speak more and louder than Introverts. (Nurturing, environment, and genetic variances also affect speech patterns; thus explaining most speech differences among Extraverts [and Introverts].)

A University of California medical school used PET scans to examine brain regions of people while speaking. They looked at the brain while they (1) made nonsense syllables, (2) recited the months of the year, and (3) recited a briefly memorized prose passage. While both the "mindless" recitation of the months and the prose passage used Wernicke's area (the top back part of the temporal lobe), ONLY the prose showed activity in Broca's area. The conclusion: rote memorized verbal tasks require little thought or sophisticated cortical activity. Bookheimer, S., et al. 2000. Neurology, Vol 55(8), 1151-1157. --voluntary motor movements (activated by primary motor cortexanterior to central sulcus). Moving the body is an Extraverted (energy-expending) function, activated by the motor cortex. --high degree of attention to outside world (principally a function of the anterior forebrainespecially right superior frontal gyrus) --expressing emotion (left anterior forebrain) --dopamine (a neurotransmitter that says do it is primarily in anterior forebrain. --cingulate gyrusregarded as the volition and will center (located in anterior forebrain); it causes humans to act. In addition, Extraverts are innately designed to expend energy whereas Introverts conserve it. --planningan integral part of taking action and expending energy. Planning involves maintaining one main goal while working on sub-goals for that main goal. This is apparently one of the unique human brain functions. The National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland has published findings that show that that particular task is performed in the most anterior part of the frontal lobes called the fronto- polar prefrontal cortex . Koechlin et. al, Nature 1999, vol 399(6732) 148-151.

Introversion (I): activated principally in back of brainposterior to central sulcus --understanding and comprehension of language (processed in left temporal lobeWernickes) --5 senses (taking in world around self)

--touch and pressure (parietal lobewhich controls the primary sensory cortex. Behind the primary sensory cortex is a large association area that controls fine sensationweight, size, shape, etc.) --smell and sound (temporal lobe) --sight (occipital lobe) --long-term memorystored primarily posterior to central sulcus --neuroscientists now suspect there are 4 separate memory systems in the brain (rather than one as long believed). Conscious memory of facts and events hippocampus; associative learning (like Pavlovian conditioning)cerebellum; emotional memoriesamygdala; memories of learned skillsbasal ganglia. These are posterior brain regions. --In Alzheimers disease, long-term memory fades as the posterior brain cells die --self awareness (parietal lobe) --Introverts conserve energy whereas Extraverts expend it. --reading (posterior region) Dr. Kenneth Pugh, Psychiatrist and Medical Researcher at Yale, has been studying the neural pathways which are generated in good readers. When the brain is asked to go from the listening and speaking modes to the visual spatial, yet abstract production of reading, new relationships between regions in the cortex are formed. This is true for all written languages. Skilled readers have engineered neural networks, which take the visual sensory input from "eye to meaning" in about 150 milliseconds. This is done through the dominant path of the eye to three posterior gyrus (areas in the back half of the cortex). The lingual, fusiform and angular gyrus collaborate to convert letters into meaning.

Sensing and iNtuitionmeasuring the way information is gathered or perceived Sensing (S): Essentially the 5 senses: sight, smell, sound, taste and touch --the processing of sensory input and sensory discrimination is facilitated by the parietal lobe.

--5 senses (taking in world around self) --touch and pressure (parietal lobewhich controls the primary sensory cortex. Behind the primary sensory cortex is a large association area that controls fine sensationweight, size, shape, etc.) --smell and sound (temporal lobe) --sight (occipital) --viewing and inaudibly reading language ( posterior forebrain) --though most Sensing processes take place in the back of the brain, some reside in the brains anterior. For example, research demonstrates damage to the right frontal lobe creates an impairment of pictorial stimuli sequences. --the anterior right forebrain is especially adept at design and spatial fluency in contrast with the lefts verbal fluency.

iNtuition (N): specializing in abstract, conceptual matters --abstract understanding of languageespecially w/consonants. ( Wernickes, posterior left) --intonation is a dimension of the iNtuitive brain function. Persons with right forebrain damage speak with flattened intonation. --metaphorPersons with right forebrain deficit pick literal interpretations of metaphorical statements. --A striking finding from many who suffer right-brain strokes is that they can understand the literal meaning of sentences--their left brain can still decode the words--but they can no longer get jokes or allusions. Asked to explain even a common proverb, such as "a stitch in time saves nine", they can only say it must have something to do with sewing. --visual imagerymost aspects of visual imagery are right hemisphere duties.

Thinking and Feelingmeasuring the way information is reasoned Thinking (T): Inanimate, logical, objective, and systematic reasoning. Thinking is found in both hemispheres; the right specializes in spatial logic and the left in verbal and numerical logic. --synthetic, spatial reasoning is engaged in the posterior right forebrain. For example, damage in right parietal areas results in spatial reasoning deficits. --verbal logicprincipally a function of the left hemisphere, especially in Brocas area. (ESTJs and ENTJs are the most gifted in oral language logic, ESTJs in practical realm and ENTJs with abstract.

Feeling (F): Animate, subjective, values-driven, and emotional reasoning. Feeling is found in both hemispheres --sensing and retaining emotionemotional memory (posterior-- amygdala) In the latter 1990s, PET studies conclusively validated the amygdalas influence on feelings and emotion. ---expressing emotionas early as the 1980s, electroencephalographic studies revealed in patients that the left frontal region showed higher activity during negative emotions. --a 2002 study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences was the first to examine the neurological roots of what scientists call "negative affect," a trait that predisposes people to anxiety, irritability, anger and a range of other unpleasant moods. The researchers conducted brain scans that measured changes in blood flow within their subjects brains. The scientists found that increased brain activity in one particular region the ventromedial prefrontal cortex -- was associated with those who reported greater negative affect. Researchers say the circumstantial evidence indicates that the ventromedial prefrontal cortex acts as a sort of volume knob for emotions. While the emotions may be produced elsewhere in the brain in response to stimuli, this region of the brain can make them deafening or muted.

Judging and Perceivingmeasuring the way we engage the outer world (and hemisphere dominance) Judging (J): Structure, organization, seeking closure, local/detailed, methodical, and analytic (step-by-step). --the left brain is essentially the Judging hemisphere (unknown to Jung and Myers) --left brain performs sequential analysis, approaching matters methodically --left brain performs sequential body functionswhich are mechanical, inflexible, rigid --left brain is orchestrated to a state of local bias --the J left brain is the conscious hemisphere, more in touch with the moment. It is time driven, clock drivenespecially the SJs.

Perceiving (P): Adaptable, flexible, open-ended, global/universal, and synthetic (multiple, parallel processor) --right brain is principally the Perceiving hemisphere --its involved in parallel/pattern processing --right brain processing is tilted towards the global --performs holistic body functionswhich are smooth, graceful

--the P right brain is the subconscious hemisphere; it is has greater difficulty paying attention. This explains why the vast majority of persons diagnosed with ADD are right-brained dominant Ps. The right-brained P is process-oriented rather than time/clock driven. --as reported above, many who suffer right-brain strokes can understand the literal meaning of sentences--their left brain can still decode the words--but they can no longer get jokes or allusions. An intact right brain is needed to make the more playful connections. -- the current assumptions about the relationship between handedness and lateralization are oversimplified. This is especially evident in left handed people who demonstrate use of their "non-dominate hand" in many more activities than right handed people. A study out of Duke University shows that, if at all possible, our brain will solve tasks by processing information in only one hemisphere . We see this on simple problem solving tasks. However, as the tasks get more complex, the brain will always choose to process by coordinating information between the two hemispheres. Weissman and Banich (2000). Neuropsychology, vol 14(1), 41-59.

Brain Typing has identified body skill connections consistent with each of the 16 Types. The 16 wirings can be broken down into 4 groups, each group having a preferred or dominant skill. Below is an illustration of the 4 Brain Type groupings and their corresponding motor skill giftedness. For more information please visit our products page. A few examples are: ST-- Larry Bird, Wade Boggs, Brett Favre SF-- Magic Johnson, Ken Griffey Jr., Emmitt Smith NF-- Julius Erving, John Olerud, Jerry Rice NT-- Bill Russell, Greg Maddux, Rich Gannon

FROM: Your Key To Sports Success

Before we can evaluate others, we must first study ourselves. A preference quiz (questionnaire) is provided here for you to complete and an answer sheet to record your answers. There are no right or wrong answers. You can neither pass nor fail this questionnaire because it is designed to help you see who you really are. "Help" is the key word here, not guarantee. Keep in mind that regardless the accuracy of any particular mental or personality analysis, selfevaluating questionnaires (such as the MBTI, Keirsey Temperament Sorter, or this one) cannot be considered foolproof - or close to it. Even when test-takers answer as honestly as possible, there are numerous reasons why they often score contrary to their true Type. Taking a questionnaire is only one step in the process to determine your true Brain Type . Consider your questionnaire results with objectivity and caution. You've only begun the process of Brain Type self discovery. In the following questions you must make one of two choices: a or b. You will find that a third choice, c, is provided as well. It wants to know if the person who knows you best (spouse, relative, friend, and so forth) would disagree with your answer. If you feel he or she would disagree, then check c, too. Therefore, on certain questions you may have two answers checked, either a and c, or b and c. The questions are not meant to be difficult. They are straightforward and require simple honesty. Set aside some time for yourself without interruptions. Perhaps, in some cases, you will feel like choosing both a and b. Even if you agree with both answers, check the one with which you agree more. To yield an accurate description of yourself, it is imperative that you answer the questionnaire honestly. Answer as you really are, not as the person you would like to be. As much as possible, try to make choices outside the context of your job. In other words, questionnaire results can be altered if you interpret too many questions with your job in mind. The fact that we have certain job responsibilities and strong interests should not be used to cloud the results. Therefore, try to think of situations in which you are more free to be yourself. Again, there are no right or wrong answers. Just be honest with yourself as you read and make choices. Once you have completed the survey, you will be on your way to making some exciting discoveries.

Personality Studies
(information compiled and submitted by Lizzy S. and Amy R.)

http://www.ylcf.org/you/personality_studies.ht m

The Sanguine is the popular person who wants to have fun out of every situation and be the life of the party. Sanguine love to talk. The Choleric is the powerful person who wants to take control of every situation and make decisions for others. Choleric love to work. The Melancholy is the perfect person who wants everything done in order and done properly and who appreciates art and music. Melancholies love to analyze. The Phlegmatic is the peaceful person who wants to stay out of trouble, keep life on an even keel, and get along with everybody. Phlegmatics like to rest.

It is amazing how quickly we can learn to spot these people and therefore know how to approach them correctly. o o The Sanguines are the easiest to spot because they make grand entrances, love attention, attract people with their magnetism, exude charisma, and tell funny stories. What they want to hear from you is how attractive they are, how you like their hair, make-up, dangling rhinestone earrings, or anything else they have put on to ensure that you notice them. They live for the externals and want you to get excited over their clothes, sense of humor, or new red sports car. If you are a Melancholy, you will not naturally be given to praising the obvious and will feel that to laugh at the Sanguine's jokes and stories will only encourage them to babble on. o o The Choleric Powerful Person is easy to spot because he walks with authority and appears to be in charge of everything. Such people don't want to waste much time on trivial activity with no obvious results or converse with people w ho have nothing to say of any consequence. They are frequently telling other people what to do and pointing out the "dummies" of life. They accomplish more than any of the other personality types, can quickly assess what needs to be done, and are usually right. They don't need to be affirmed on their looks, but they love praise for their accomplishment; their speed in problem solving; their constant goal setting, their loyalty to God, church, mother, business, or country; and their sense of fair play. If you are a Phlegmatic you get worn out just watching these people, but if you want them to be impressed with you, tell them how amazed you are at how much they accomplish in a very short time. They may never have noticed you before but they will suddenly see you as a person of great discernment. o o The Melancholy Perfect Person is usually very neatly put together and intellectual looking. These people are usually quiet, reserved, and a little ill-at-ease in social situations where they don't know everyone.

They would rather talk quietly with one person in depth than banter with a group. They consider compliments on clothes and external niceties to be trivial and want to hear about the inner virtues of integrity, wisdom, and spiritual values. They often marry Sanguines who can't find their way inside these deep virtues and who keep telling them how cute they look. When we don't understand these differences, we are giving out silver boxes that nobody wants. The Melancholy is very sensitive and easily hurt and tends to take what others say in humor as personal and hurtful. Since Sanguines and Cholerics say whatever comes to their minds without weighing their words, they often deflate the Melancholy who is waiting for someone to hand him a silver box that says, "I understand you." o The Phlegmatic Peaceful Person is amiable, easy to get along with, and relaxed. These people fit into any situation, blend in with the wallpaper, and modify their personality to get along without conflict. They laugh with those who laugh and cry with those who cry. Everyone loves the low-key nature of the inoffensive Phlegmatic, and though they aren't loud like the Sanguine, they do have a witty sense of humor. They often lean while standing and sit in comfortable recliner chairs if at all possible. They don't need a lot of praise like the Sanguine, nor do they want to be in charge like the Choleric, or get to deeply involved like the Melancholy. They do appreciate being noticed once and a while, being included in conversations that they won't push into on their own, and being told they are of value and their opinion is respected. Since they often marry Cholerics, whose idea of value is wrapped up in how much is accomplished in a given day, they don't get appreciated for their quiet and gentle spirit. They, in turn, find it difficult to praise the constant projects of the Choleric because it wears them out just thinking of them.

(Some of the above information was taken from Silver Boxes by Florence Littauer. Copyright info. unknown.)

Sanguine ~ A young woman with a sanguine temperament is warm, loving, cheerful, optimistic, hopeful, and confident. Because of her bubbly personality, she often appears phony and comes on too strong. She is apt to dominate the conversation or talk too much about herself. In her enthusiasm, she may exaggerate the truth, waste time, and forget obligations. Miss Sanguine has more natural inner-beauty qualities than the other temperaments. She can work on calmness and on controlling her tongue. She will find help in God's Word, particularly in Colossians 4:6, "Let your speech be always with grace, seasoned with salt, that ye may know how ye ought to answer every man." Choleric ~ The choleric young woman is an extrovert. She is sure of her ability to handle any situation and can motivate others to action. Her personality perhaps has more weaknesses than strengths. She is quick tempered and easily angered. Choleric temperaments are irritated easily. Miss Choleric will have to work at developing the calm spirit of inner beauty. The Christian young woman who identifies with this personality type can find

in God's Word the means of Christian growth, the way to develop a calm spirit of inner beauty (Philippians 2:13). "For it is God which works in you both to will and to do of his good pleasure." The words of James (James 1:19) may be helpful: "...Be swift to hear, slow to speak, slow to wrath." Melancholic~ Gloominess, irritability, and depression characterize Miss Melancholic. She is often sad and unhappy. A melancholic personality is often very gifted with intellect and talent. She is self-disciplined and usually finishes the projects she starts. Miss Melancholic will have the most work for the Holy Spirit to do in developing qualities of inner beauty in her life. She will find help in such verses as Colossians 3:15 and 16: "And let the peace of God rule in your hearts...Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly in all wisdom; teaching and admonishing one another in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing with grace in your hearts to the Lord." Phlegmatic ~ The phlegmatic is a super introvert. She is very slow and easy-going. It is hard to rouse her to action. She at times is selfish and stubborn. Most of the time she is easy to get along with and cheerful. Phlegmatic people are conservative and usually neat, efficient, and dependable. Miss Phlegmatic has some natural inner beauty. Compassion for others is an area she needs to improve. Romans 12:10 says, "Be kindly affectionate one to another...in honor preferring one another."
(The above information was taken from the Fifth Home Economics Book published by Christian Light Publications. Reprinted by permission. For a catalog call 540-4340768, e-mail orders@clp.org, or visit www.clp.org)

Myers-Briggs Teaches Typing

By Melinda Lavorante
No, not keyboard typing; brain typing! We are all created wonderfully unique by the hand of the God of this universe. He put His loving touch into every hair and every pore on our bodies, and He also blessed us each with a personality. No two personalities are exactly alike, yet there are obvious similarities among people's personalities. Man has tried to define these types in many ways. The type that Gretchen asked me to write about for you is the Myers-Briggs typing (also developed by KeirseyBates). Do you like to take time to think things through before responding? Do you enjoy metaphors and analogies, and often find yourself being general and figurative? Do you trust facts rather than your own feelings on a subject? Do you like adapting to new situations and challenges? If all of these apply to you, then you may be an INTP like me! An INTP is one of the 16 personality combinations of the Myers-Briggs typing method. There are four categories in this kind of typing. In each category there are two options. A person can be labeled either option, so they come up with a four-letter brain type. Let's

examine each of these areas. Keep in mind that you don't have to totally subscribe to either of the options. You can easily have characteristics of both. However, the one that you most are like is the one that you name in your brain type. Extroverted (E) and Introverted (I) A lot of people (including myself, initially) think that extroverted are people-lovers and introverts are nothing short of hermits. Of course, that is quite a generalization. By definition, extroverts tend to be energized by other people, and introverts are more energized by spending time alone. Both groups can enjoy being with people, yet while extroverts don't easily tire from being with others, introverts hit their limit and need time alone to "recharge." Extroverts are concerned with what other people think of them, while introverts often are not as worried about public opinions. This is sometimes why introverts make better public speakers. As Christian girls trying to live for the Lord, those of us who are extroverted needs to be cautious to listen to people better and not do all the talking, while the introverted need to know when to open up and share their thoughts, feelings, and struggles with others. Sensing (S) and Intuitive (N) Sensors are the concrete, down-to-earth, practical, and literal people in this world. Intuitives are the dreamers, and the ones with imaginations. They can be a bit scatter-brained at times. Sensors are set on doing things in a step-by-step matter, consistently working towards a set goal, while Intuitives will achieve their goals by leaps in a roundabout manner. Sensors can often be too practical, without consideration for human personalities and errors in mind, while Intuitives may have their "head in the clouds" and forget the necessities and implications of everyday life. Thinking (T) and Feeling (F) A person strong in the Thinking characteristic, when faced with a problem, will most likely step back to assess the situation, not letting emotions or personal subjection get in the way. They may seem heartless and uncaring, yet they realize that logic is more important to base their foundation on than ever-changing emotions.

Feelers are the more emotional type (often viewed as overemotional or weak--which is not always true), who considers the affects on other people of the outcome of their decision. They see exceptions to set rules, when human feelings are involved, and feel it is important to not only be truthful, but tactful also. While Thinkers are motivated by the desire for achievements and accomplishments, Feelers are driven by the desire to be appreciated. Thinkers should be cautious about being too judgmental, while Feelers may need to put more of a foundation on their decisionmaking than personal feeling. Judging (J) and Perceiving (P) If you've ever known a nit picking, exacting person, then you've probably met a Judger! Judgers are known for not resting until their work is done, for setting goals and working towards them (and getting them done in time!), and having the emphasis of their work be getting the job completed. Perceivers, on the other hand, are much more flexible. They enjoy starting projects and working on them, but are less concerned about completing them. They like adapting to new situations and will change goals as new information comes available. While Judgers work now and play later, Perceivers tend to play first, and then work later if there is time. Judgers need to be careful not to neglect family members and people's feelings when trying to get jobs completed. Perceivers need to keep away from laziness and being disorganized to the extent that it hinders their work. What usefulness is there in knowing your brain type? Firstly, it can help you to understand yourself and others. If your half of the room that you share with your sister is always tidy, and your sister's half is always messy, it doesn't mean your sister just messes up her room on purpose. It can just mean she is a Perceiver and needs to work harder to keep things cleaner, while your Judging personality automatically demands cleanliness for your comfort. Knowing your brain type can also help you cultivate your interests. I have always been interested in designing things. Finding out that I am an INTP, I realize that that is one of the strong characteristics in my type! Now I know that it isn't just a

whim or passing thing, but rather something rooted in my personality. I can now better use this talent to serve the Lord. Of course, there is always the temptation to think that because you're a certain brain type you must act that certain way, or that you'll always act in the manners set forth. You have to remember that nobody fits into a personality mold perfectly! You will be constantly borrowing characteristics from other brain types, and your preferences and talents on things will depend a lot of the circumstances and situations you are in. Having a brain type label is only a guide to your behavior. It isn't a limit, and it isn't an excuse. We should all try to improve our faults and become better people for our Savior, always bringing honor and glory to Him, no matter what brain type He has blessed us with! This has only been a brief analysis on this kind of brain typing. For more information on brain typing, visit http://www.braintypes.com/ and http://www.keirsey.com/. Some Christian friends of ours do the first one, and the second is a secular site. Always be careful about secular thoughts and contents, especially when it comes to psychology.

Personality Types
By Natalie Nyquist God could have made us all Expressives. We could have lots of fun but accomplish little. He could have made us all Analyticals. We would have been organized and charted but not very cheerful. He could have made us all Dominants. We would have been set to lead, but impatient that no one would follow! He could have made us all Solids. We would have had a peaceful world but not much enthusiasm for life. We need each temperament for the total function of the body. Each part should do its work to unify the action and produce harmonious results. -Florence Littauer in The Gift of Encouraging Words
Most people are not exactly one specific personality type, but a mixture of two or even all four. That is what makes each girl so special. No one has exactly the same combination! In my case, I have an underlying foundation of Dominant, but in my early teens developed heavy Solid tendencies. Yet Im

more Analytical than anything else. :-) Perhaps you are Expressive with a dash of Dominantor Solid through and through. :-) Whatever you may be, rejoice that God has fashioned you so fabulously!

No one temperament can be said to be better than another. Each one contains strengths and richness, yet each one is fraught with its own weaknesses and dangers.
-Tim LayHaye, in Spirit-Controlled Temperament

A persons physical appearance can change dramatically over the years, but their personality is ingrained for a lifetime. Through the work of the Holy Spirit each persons inborn weaknesses can be overcome, and their strengths put to use, but the underlying personality remains relatively the same. I think that these classifications are excellent and helpful in understanding why people act the way they do.

Analytical
You can easily picture an Analytical stating A place for everything and everything in its place. :-) Orderliness and propriety are important to this person. The Analytical loves music and art. The top violinist at an institute of music is probably at least part Analytical, and the appreciation of beauty and music will be a great help to him. The dedication to perfection and things done right is one of the valuable traits of this personality.

Thisperson is usually very neatly put together and intellectual looking, quiet, reserved, and a little ill-at-ease in social situations where they dont know everyone. They would rather talk quietly with one person in depth than banter with a group. They consider compliments on clothes and external niceties to be trivial and want to hear about the inner virtues of integrity, wisdom, and spiritual values. They often marry Expressives who cant find their way inside these deep virtues and who keep telling them how cute they look. When we dont understand these differences, we are giving out silver boxes that nobody wants. The Analytical is very sensitive and easily hurt and tends to take what others say in humor as personal and hurtful. Since Expressives and Dominants say whatever comes to their minds without weighing their words, they often deflate the Analytical who is waiting for someone to hand him a silver box that says, I understand you. -Florence Littauer

The Analytical girl is the thinker, the philosopher, and the analyzer. They are the ones who go to the heart of the issue and relish long heart-to-heart chats with a close friend. She is a wonderful asset to the Body of Christ in many ways. She is often blessed with much talent and intellect, and finishes her own projects as well as the Expressives. She has enormous self-discipline and loyalty, and is a good listener. Gary Smalley likens the Analytical to a beaver, who is busy, and a precise perfectionist. Analyticals are the ones who have every I dotted and every t crossed. The mirror is not clean until that streak is gone etc. They are reserved and extremely introverted.

Gloominess, irritability, and depression characterize Miss Analytical. She is often sad and unhappy. Analytical will have the most work for the Holy Spirit to do in developing qualities of inner beauty in her life. The Analytical needs to be careful not to procrastinate, or put unrealistic demands on others. They often have a poor self-image, and can be stubbornly legalistic. A verse that would be helpful for her is Colossians 3:1516. Dear girls, many say that the Analytical has the greatest potential for success, if only she will not give in to the voice saying that she is no good. A verse for us is 2 Corinthians 3:11. I submit that a key to maintaining sanity as an Analytical is to possess an irrepressible sense of humor. :-) Without it life is off-balance; it is all serious and sad with no laughter and fun. As an Analytical, being able to laugh at myself is always an amusing pastime and a great help. :-)

Expressive
When I read the definitions of the various personality types, I tried to think of friends who might fit into those groups. It is easy to decide who is Expressivebecause that is part of who they are! They like to be noticed, and often these people are the easiest to identify simply because they are in the spotlight. :-) Everyone notices the Expressive. They enjoy talking, and generally light up the room. They are fun to be around because they love to have fun! Its been said that everyone loves an Expressive. :-)

They live for the externals and want you to get excited over their clothes, sense of humor, or new red sports car. If you are an Analytical, you will not naturally be given to praising the obvious and will feel that to laugh at the Expressives jokes and stories will only encourage them to babble on.
-Florence Littauer

I think that there are many people who possess some Expressive characteristics, and this personality type is probably easiest to identify in people because it is one that demands attention. The Expressive is the one who makes the grand entrance, has the circle of people all listening raptly to her stories, and is everybodys friend. They are people who are up: cheery, full of hope and optimism. Gary Smalley compared these popular, life of the party people to otters in his classification system. These people are recognized by being inspirational, energetic, and the kind of people who would say, Trust me, it will work out. The Expressives shortcomings would include a tendency to waste time, stretching the truth, selfishness, and irresponsibility. Because they are so bubbly and talkative they can easily dominate conversations and intimidate others. If you are an Expressive you may have to watch carefully to ensure these sins do not gain a foothold in your life. Remember Philippians 4:13. Miss Expressive has more natural inner-beauty qualities than the other temperaments. She can work on calmness and on controlling her tongue. She will find help in Gods Word, particularly in Colossians 4:6, Let your speech be always with grace, seasoned with salt, that ye may know how ye ought to answer every man.

Solid
You can easily picture a Solid lying in a hammock with a glass of lemonade, dreamily watching the sun go down. They love peace and quiet. No conflicts, smooth sailing, avoiding any bumps in the roadthats the Solids ideal. They will do anything to avoid fights and arguments, and it bothers them when everyone is not getting along. I can picture a Solid often wondering, if not asking, Is everything okay between us? Rest and relaxation are great loves for them. You dont see Solids getting into trouble with authority very often. They are the people who you see at the edge of the Expressives audience, and you want to go over and hug them. They do not demand attention, yet they are worth paying heed to because they often possess a marvelous sense of humor, keen perspective on life, and thoughtful ways. While the Expressive would bask in a lively group of girls, the Solid would more likely be seen leaning against the wall, enjoying her own private thoughts.

They do appreciate being noticed once in awhile, being included in conversations that they wont push into on their own, and being told they are of value and that their opinion is respected. -Florence Litteaur
I compare a Solid to a chameleon. They can blend into any situation, changing color as it were, depending on the people and circumstances. They truly fulfill Christs command to weep with those who weep and rejoice with those who rejoice. Easygoing and well-loved, she often radiates the ornament of a meek and quiet spirit. Gary Smalley calls the peaceful Solid a Golden Retriever, who bends so easily to any situation and tends to be very sensitive. One weakness in the Solids personality is a lack of enthusiasm. You see this type sitting on the couch, not jumping up and down. An excited Solid is a rare sight.J They are worn out just thinking about the Dominants constant racing about. Other trouble areas of the Solid appear to contradict each other. Because they long to see every conflict quickly and painlessly resolved, they can appear as if they do not know how to think for themselves. Yet another fault is their stubbornness to change. They are the type who go to the ice cream shop and order vanilla every time. For the Expressive (who orders a different flavor every visit) this is rather astonishing. :-) Solids need to learn to communicate and guard against laziness. Scripture that may help them is James 1:5-8. Solid people are conservative and usually neat, efficient, and dependable. Miss Solid has some natural inner beauty. Compassion for others is an area she needs to improve. Romans 12:10 says, Be kindly affectionate one to another...in honor preferring one another.

Dominant
I confess that sometimes I just have to stop and laugh when I see someone exhibiting strong Dominant behavior. Perhaps that is because I

show some of it myself. J The Dominants can be recognized by their confident walk, and the authoritative stance they maintain.

Such people dont want to waste much time on trivial activity with no obvious results or converse with people who have nothing to say of any consequence. They accomplish more than any of the other personality types, can quickly assess what needs to be done, and are usually right.
-Florence Littauer

They work long and hard. Multi-tasking is second nature for them. You may see a Dominant eating lunch while reading a school book and carrying on a conversation with someoneall at the same time. This is normal for everyone to do some of the time, but the driven Dominant does it constantly. They accomplish an amazing amount of work in a very short time. This means that Dominants can easily run over Solids without even realizing it. The deliberate Solid needs only to compliment the Dominant on their diligence however, and they will suddenly be seen as a wise person. If this wasnt so true it would be funny. Perhaps the Dominant personality has more weaknesses than strengths, yet we could not function without them. They are confident and can make others confident as well. They are driven people with goals, ready to tackle any problem. Gary Smalley likens them to the lion. They are purposeful and productive. The Christian young woman who identifies with this personality type can find in Gods Word the means of Christian growth, the way to develop a calm spirit of inner beauty (Philippians 2:13). For it is God which worketh in you both to will and to do of his good pleasure. The words of James 1:19 may be helpful: ...Be swift to hear, slow to speak, slow to wrath. Dominants must remember that exhaustion is not next to godliness, and getting everything done on your to-do list doesnt guarantee success in life. They are hard workers and this is very good, but they can tend to always be the boss and take control of everything. I am not saying that having strong leaders is wrongassertive Dominants are vital to the Body of Christ. The key for them is remembering Who is ultimately in control, and constantly relinquishing their own desires into the Lords hands and trusting Him alone for everything. The key for the Dominants is trusting and surrendering to God. They can also claim 1 John 1:9 and Provervs 2:6, 9.

There are so many different ways that personalities have been defined, and while the previous is probably the most common, the following classification is good, as no person is 100% Solid, etc. Most people have a nice mixture of 2 or 3 types, as is explained in the next article:

Play the
http://www.drsusan.net/aboutpsycho.html

Game!!

Which of these five geometric shapes do you think most accurately reflects your personality?

CIRCLE?

SQUARE?

RECTANGLE?

TRIANGLE?

SQUIGGLE?

According to Dr. Susan Dellinger, your choice indicates a distinct personality type. Every person has a "preferred SHAPE". Once you know your SHAPE, You will understand why................ CIRCLES have so many friends, TRIANGLES always get the best "deals," SQUARES will not tolerate sloppy work, SQUIGGLES are so embarrassing, and RECTANGLES can't remember anything.

In Psycho-Geometricstm, Dr. Dellinger explains not only how to determine your own personality type, she reveals how to use geometric psychology to identify the beliefs, values, and attitudes of any person you meet.

PSYCHO-GEOMETRICStm gives you insights and techniques

which allow you to CHANGE YOUR COMMUNICATION STYLE to "instantly" relate well to others. It is IDEAL for improving communication with those "Difficult People" in your life!

Bosses Co-Workers Customers Children

Spouses

Note to Website Visitor.....

The Psycho-Geometrics Systemtm is protected by U.S. copyright law. It was developed by Dr. Susan Dellinger in 1978. Since then, she has presented her System in 21 countries to over 1 Million people. The system is the subject of Dr. Dellinger's book: Communicating Beyond Our Differences: Introducing the Psycho-Geometrics System tm .

Psychogeometrics
Notes from a Creative Memories Directors Training, 2000

Psychogeometrics as explained in Mary Dellingers video Introducing the Psychogeometric System, explains personality in regards to shapes.
Decide which shape best describes you as a person. (This has nothing to do with body shape!) Do you feel like a box? Triangle-If you are sitting next to a triangle, you will know it easily in a few moments. Circle Rectangle-You need this information badly Or squiggle?

So, what does all this mean???? BOXGets things done!

Most organized and hard worker Loves rules and forms, worships manuals-alphabetized and lined up Likes calendars, schedules List maker Gets confused without p&p manuals Will read the instructions

Organized Data Collector They dont like estimates, best guesses Most often patriotic and religious Not touchy feely person Very loyal Motto A place for everything and everything in its place! TRIANGLEThe Leadership Shape Strongest shape These are people that are going places! Have the skills to go where they want to Fast thinker-process info quickly Cant stand wishy-washy people If you bring me a problem, bring me a solution-no three solutions so I can tell you which one is best Most politically correct Most Confident Loves recogintion Strategic planner Some things you might hear a triangle say My way or the highway! I dont get mad I get even! When I want your opinion, I will give it to you. Do not ever disagree with a triangle, especially in public-they will get even, but theyll do it politically correct. RECTANGLEConfused person State of transition *Person going through a period of growth Trying something new Period of Introspection New situation Adolescence or mid-life crisis Can be all 5 shapes at any time Unpredictable Open to new learning Live in a state of Stress Something a rectangle may be thinking is I try to live one day at a time, but lately several days have piled up on me at once. Ally McBeal

CIRCLEA circle needs to feel needed People person-We are a TEAM! Doesnt like to work alone Very sympathetic and caring person Nuterer Love to help people with problems Best communicator and listener Uses both right and left hemispheres of brain Loves gossip Dont worry, be happy When there is conflict, a circle has the tendency to feel like it is all their fault SQUIGGLE-

Very unique person-march to a different drummer

Truly Right-brained Creative and innovative Idea person Dont particularly like the mundane, theyll find something to spruce it up Drive boxes and triangles crazy Cant stand routines Rules or deadlines are not the most important things Likes concepts and theories Most motivational and inspirational Dont want a squiggle account If it feels good, do it! No way you cant like a squiggle-they cant tell a lie! We do have parts of all shapes in us. But, unless we are a triangle, usually one or two shapes are predominant.