796

Index Experimental design, see Design of experiments Experimentation, random, 605 Explicit grading (sustainability), 438 Exponential smoothing, 113115 Express warranties, 711, 712 External environment, 452, 458461 External tensile load (fasteners), 304307 Extrusion: cold, 259260 hot working, 251252 of plastic, 276 Extrusion-type blow molding, 276 slip characteristics, 308, 309 theoretical behavior under tensile loads, 304307 torque and turn at same time tightening, 309, 310 torsional stress factor, 302 turn of nut bolt tightening, 308, 309 ultrasonic measurement of bolt stretch / tension, 310311 dened, 287 nesting strategy for, 290291 three-part assembly, 291, 292 Fatigue failure, 312 Fault-tree analysis, 649652 FC (rst to customer for existing products), 166 FCFS, see First come-rst served Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) of 1996, 642, 645 Fees, detailed cost estimating for, 538 539 Feedback, 458 Feeding and ejection methods, safeguards with, 664, 668 FIFRA, see Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act of 1996 Fillets, 312 Film formation and growth (PVD), 400 Finance and accounting, 505530 accelerated depreciation, 520522 accrual accounting, 512 balance sheet, 509516 accrual accounting, 512 current assets, 510511 current liabilities, 511512 current ratio, 513 xed assets, 513514 interest-bearing current liabilities, 512 net working capital, 512513 second year comparison, 515516 total capital, 514 cash ow, 518523 comparing current results with budgets / forecasts, 523526 dened, 505 detailed cost estimating, 531563 basic questions for developing, 539 541 burden costs, 538 for computer software, 559 for direct charges, 562563 direct costs, 536

F
Fabrication equipment classication, 95 103 code number for equipment, 99100 equipment classication, 9799 equipment specication sheets, 100 103 standard vs. special equipment, 97 Fabrication Process Taxonomy, 8996 basis of classication, 9293 capabilities of processes, 9496 primary objectives for, 9091 process code, 9394 process divisions, 9192 purpose of, 89, 90 Fabrication tool classication and coding, 103109 standard vs. special tooling, 104106 tool code, 106107 tooling taxonomy, 105, 106 tool specication sheets, 107109 Fabricator industries, 330 Failure modes and effects (FME), 649, 650 Failure stress, 301 Fastening, 286313 assembly features / functions for, 287 290 with bolts and rivets, 292313 clamping force upper limits, 302303 complex butt joint, 296300 design-allowable bolt stress and assembly stress, 302 design for cyclical tension loads, 312313 efciency of joints, 295 fatigue failure, 312 friction-type connections, 300302 joint types, 293295 simple lap joint, 295298