Foot step power generation system for rural energy application to run AC and DC loads

ABSTRACT:
Man has needed and used energy at an increasing rate for his sustenance and wellbeing ever since he came on the earth a few million years ago. Due to this a lot of energy resources have been exhausted and wasted. Proposal for the utilization of waste energy of foot power with human locomotion is very much relevant and important for highly populated countries like India and China where the roads, railway stations, bus stands, temples, etc. are all over crowded and millions of people move around the clock. This whole human/ bio-energy being wasted if can be made possible for utilization it will be great invention and crowd energy farms will be very useful energy sources in crowded countries

In this project we are generating electrical power as non-conventional method by simply walking or running on the foot step. Non-conventional energy system is very essential at this time to our nation. Non-conventional energy using foot step is converting mechanical energy into the electrical energy. This project uses piezoelectric sensor.

In this project the conversion of the force energy in to electrical energy. The control mechanism carries the piezo electric sensor, A.C ripples neutralizer, unidirectional current controller and 12V, 1.3Amp lead acid dc rechargeable battery and an inverter is used to drive AC/DC loads. The battery is connected to the inverter. This inverter is used to convert the 12 Volt D.C to the 230 Volt A.C. This 230 Volt A.C voltage is used to activate the loads. We are using conventional battery charging unit also for giving supply to the circuitry.

This project uses regulated 5V, 500mA power supply. 7805 three terminal voltage regulator is used for voltage regulation. Bridge type full wave rectifier is used to rectify the ac out put of secondary of 230/12V step down transformer.

The complete diagram of the foot step power generation is given below. Only one s t e p i s inclined in certain small angle which is used to generate the power. The pushing power is converted into electrical energy by proper driving arrangement. The rack & pinion, spring arrangement is fixed at the inclined step. The spring issued to return the inclined step in same position by releasing the load. The pinion s h a f t i s c o n n e c t e d t o t h e s u p p o r t e r b y e n d b e a r i n g s a s s h o w n i n f i g . T h e l a r g e r sprocket also coupled with the pinion shaft, so that it is running the same speed of pinion. The larger sprocket is coupled to the small cycle sprocket with the help of c h a i n ( c y c l e ) . T h i s l a r g e r s p r o c k e t i s u s e d t o t r a n s f e r t h e r o t a t i o n f o r c e t o t h e smaller sprocket

The smaller sprocket is running same direction for the forw a r d a n d r e v e r s e direction of rotational movement of the larger s p r o c k e t . T h i s a c t i o n l o c k s l i k e a c yc l e p e d a l i n g a c t i o n . T h e f l y w h e e l a n d g e a r w h e e l i s a l s o c o u p l e d t o t h e s m a l l e r s p r o c k e t s h a f t . T h e f l yw h e e l i s u s e d t o i n c r e a s e t h e r p m o f t h e s m a l l e r s p r o c k e t s h a f t . T h e g e a r wheel is coupled to the generator shaft with the help of another gear wheel. The generator is used here, is permanent magnet D.C generator. The generated voltage is 12Volt D.C. This D.C voltage is stored to the Lead-acid 12 Volt battery. T h e b a t t e r y i s c o n n e c t e d t o t h e i n v e r t e r . This inverter is used to convert the 12Volt D.C to the 230 Volt A.C. This w o r k i n g p r i n c i p l e i s a l r e a d y e x p l a i n e d t h e a b o v e chapter. This 230 Volt A.C voltage is used to activate the light, fan and etc. By increasing t h e c a p a c i t y o f b a t t e r y and inverter circuit, the power rating is increased. This arrangement is fitted in shopping complex, college and wher e v e r t h e l a r g e p e o p l e walking on the foot steps simultaneously.

230v ac supply is given to 18v set down transformer and then output of transformer is given to bridge .This bridge converts 18v ac to 18v dc and again given to c- filter. The capacitor is given to serious positive voltage regulator here the output voltage of the regulator is 12v dc.

The output of regulator is given to re -chargeable battery and piezo electric sensors which is connected in parallel is also connected to re-chargeable battery is charged in two ways i.e whenever the walkers are are not move in the piezoelectric sensors we directly get the supply from the rechargeable battery.

When the persons walk on the sensors the battery will charge. In night time no person walk on the sensors on that time the battery will charge through power supply circuit Battery output is given to the input of the inverter circuit here two power transistor are used for increasing the power load. Here the two power transistors are CTC 2233.

The output of power transistor is given to step-up transformer and then it is connected to RLC circuit for increase the required voltage i.e., 120v AC and then it is connected to load Advantages:

On-site power production circumvents transmission and distribution costs for the delivery of electricity. These costs average about 30% of the total cost of electricity.

Distributed generation has other economic advantages for particular customers. For example, customers with sizeable heat loads may produce both heat and power economically. Some customers have access to low cost fuel (such as landfill gas or local biomass), compared with commercially delivered fuel

Distributed generation can also encourage greater competition in electricity supply, allowing even customers without DG greater choice in suppliers.

Power generation is simply walking on the step Power also generated by running or exercising on the step. No need fuel input

This is a Non-conventional system Battery is used to store the generated power

APPLICATIONS

Power generation using foot step can be used in most of the places such as colleges, schools, cinema theatres, Shopping complex and Many other buildings