1

I. II. III. IV. o o o o V. VI. o o o o o

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW 1 1987 Philippine Constitution Political Law *People vs. Perfecto (43 Phil 887, 1992) Basis of Philippine Political Law Macariola vs. Asuncion (114 SCRA 77) State as A Legal Concept State *Collector of Internal Revenue vs. Campos Rueda (No. L-13250, Oct 29, 1971) Government US vs. Dorr (2 Phil 332,339) Administration Poindexter vs. Greenhow (114 US 270) Revolution/Direct State Action Constitutional Law Philippine Constitutional Development Philippine History Treaty of Paris Philippine Organic Laws Tydings-McDuffie Law 1935 Constitution Vera vs. Avelino (77 Phil 192) Mabanag vs. Lopez Vito (78 Phil 1) Gonzales vs. COMELEC (21 SCRA 774) Tolentino vs. COMELEC (41 SCRA 702) Planas vs. COMELEC (49 SCRA 105) PD No. 86 1973 Constitution Javellana vs. Executive Secretary (50 SCRA 30) Sanidad vs COMELEC, GR No. L-44640. October 12, 1976 Mitra vs COMELEC, GR No. 56503. April 4, 1981 Legaspi vs. Minister of Finance, GR No. L-58289, July 24, 1982 PBA vs. COMELEC (140 SCRA 455) Freedom Constitution Lawyers League vs. Aquino (G.R. No. 73748, May 22, 1986) *In re: Saturnina Bermudez (145 SCRA 160) De Leon vs. Esguerra (153 SCRA 602) In re Letter of Associate Justice Puno (210 SCRA 589, 1992) 1987 Constitution Santiago vs. COMELEC, GR No. 127325, March 19, 1997 Estrada vs. Desierto, GR Nos. 146710-15. March 2, 2001 *Lambino vs. COMELEC, GR. No. 174153, October 25, 2006 Supremacy of the Constitution Lambino vs. COMELEC GR. No. 174153, October 25, 2006 Judicial Review Marbury vs. Madison (5 US 137, 1803)

Angara vs. Electoral Commission (63 Phil 139) Conditions for the Exercise of Judicial Review People vs. Vera (65 Phil 56) *Rules of Avoidance of J. Brandeis (Ashwander vs. TVA, 297 US 288) Mootness Pormento vs. Estrada & COMELEC (GR No 191988, Aug. 31, 2010) Quizon vs. COMELEC (GR No 177927, Feb. 15, 2008) Standing In re Saturnina Bermudez (145 SCRA 160) Dumlao vs. COMELEC (95 SCRA 392) Igot vs COMELEC (95 SCRA 392) Justiciability *PBA vs. COMELEC (140 SCRA 455) Lozano vs. Nograles (G.R. No. 187883, June 16, 2009) COCOFED v. Republic GR. No. 177857-58, September 17, 2009 Symbolic/ Matters of Great Public Importance Salonga vs. Cruz-Pao (134 SCRA 438) Javier vs. COMELEC (144 SCRA 194) Effects of Declaration of Nullity Serrano de Agbayani vs. PNB (38 SCRA 429) Planters Products Inc. v. Fertiphil G.R. No. 166006, March 14, 2008 Castro v. Deloria GR. No. 163586, January 27, 2009 VII. o The Philippines as a State Territory Article I, The 1935 Philippine Constitution Article I, The 1973 Philippine Constitution Article I, The 1987 Philippine Constitution The Philippine Archipelago Article 3, Treaty of Paris Treaty of Washington of 7 November 1900 Treaty between US and Great Britain of 2 January 1930 R.A. 3046 (17 June 1961) R.A. 5446 (8 September 1968) RA 9522 (10 March 2009) Article 121 of the UNCLOS III Magallona vs. Ermita (GR No 187167, August 16, 2011) PD 1596 (11 June 1978) PD 1599 (11 June 1978) UN Convention on the Law of the Seas Conflicting Claims Sabah, Spratlys and Scarborough Shoal The Province of North Cotabato v. The Govt of the Rep. of the Phil. Peace Panel on Ancestral Domain (G.R. No. 183591, Oct. 14, 2008)

People Art. XIII, Sec. 1 Art. II, Sec. 15 Art. II, Sec. 16 Art. III, Sec. 2 Qua Chee Gan vs Deportation Board (9 SCRA 27, 1963) Art III, Sec. 7 Art. VII, Sec. 4 Art. XVI, Sec. 2 Citizenship Article IV, The 1987 Philippine Constitution Co vs. Electoral Tribunal of the House of Representative (199 SCRA 692, 1991) Article IV, The 1973 Philippine Constitution Series of Conflicting SC Decisions re Citizenship *Roa vs. Collector of Customs, 23 Phil. 315 (1912) *Paz Chua vs. Secretary of Labor, 68 Phil. 649 (1939) *Torres vs. Tan Chim, 69 Phil. 518 (1940) *Tan Chong vs. Secretary of Labor and Lam Swee Sang vs. Secretary of Labor, 79 Phil. 249 (1947) *Talaroc vs. Uy, 92 Phil. 52 (1952) Tio Tiam vs. Republic, 101 Phil. 195 (1957) Caram Rule Chiongbian vs. De Leon, 82 Phil. 771 (31 January 1949) Point of Reckoning Cu vs. Republic, G.R. No. L-3018, July 18, 1951 Villahermosa vs. CID, G.R. No. L-1663, March 31, 1948 Naturalization CA 473, Revised Naturalization Law Sovereignty *The Province of North Cotabato v. The Government of the Republic of the Philippines Peace Panel on Ancestral Domain - G.R. No. 183591, Oct. 14, 2008 Reagan vs. CIR, 30 SCRA 968 (1969) Dominium and Imperium Territorial, Personal, and Extrajudicial Jurisdiction Article 2, Revised Penal Code Sovereignty Immunity Article XVI, Section 3, The 1987 Philippine Constitution *Kawananakoa v Polyblank (205 US 349) Republic vs. Villasor (54 SCRA 83) Suit not against the State Begosa vs. PVA (32 SCRA 466)

*Del Mar vs. PVA (51 SCRA 340) In Personam vs In Rem Republic vs. Feliciano (148 SCRA 424) Official vs Personal Capacity Shauf vs. CA (191 SCRA 713, 1990) *Lansang vs CA, GR. No. 102667, Feb. 23, 2000 Beyond the Scope of Authority Republic vs. Sandoval (220 SCRA 124, 1993) Contracts Connected with Sovereign Functions Republic vs. Nolasco (457 SCRA 400) Expropriation Gascon vs. Arroyo (178 SCRA 582) Delos Santos vs. IAC (223 SCRA 11) Justice and Equity EPG Construction Company vs. Vigilar (354 SCRA 566) Failure to Raise Immunity as Defense US vs. Guinto (182 SCRA 644) Consent Republic vs. Purisima (78 SCRA 470, 1977) *Republic vs. Feliciano (148 SCRA 424, 1987) Act. No. 3083 C.A. No. 327 Money Claims Sayson vs. Singson (54 SCRA 282, 1973) Art. IX, 1987 Constitution Quasi-Delict Art. 2176, CC Art. 2180, CC Merritt vs. Government of the PI (34 Phil 311) US vs. Ceballos and US vs. Guinto (182 SCRA 644) GOCCs SSS vs. CA (120 SCRA 707, 1983) PNB vs. CIR (81 SCRA 314, 1978) Rayo vs. CFI of Bulacan (110 SCRA 456) Germany Agency for Technical Cooperation v. Court of Appeals (GR. No. 152318, April 16, 2009) NHMFC v. Agbayari (GR. No. 166508, October 2, 2009) Holy See v. Del Rosario, (GR No. 101949, Dec 1, 1994) Implied Consent US vs. Ruiz (136 SCRA 487, 1985) Malong vs. PNR (138 SCRA 63, 1985) Equity Amigable vs. Cuenca (43 SCRA 360)

SCRA 616)

Alfonso vs. Pasay (106 Phil. 1017) Ministerio vs. CFI (40 SCRA 464) Santiago vs. Republic (87 SCRA 294, 1978) Commissioner of Public Highways vs. Burgos (96 SCRA 831) Counterclaim Froilan vs. Oriental Pan Shipping (12 SCRA 276, 1964) Commissioner of Public Highways vs. San Diego (31

*PNB vs. CIR (81 SCRA 314, 1978) Measure of Recovery Ministerio vs. CFI (40 SCRA 464) *Commissioner of Public Highways vs. Burgos (96 SCRA 831) Acts of State Immunity Provincial Govt of Marinduque vs. Placer Dome, Inc. (No. 0716306, March 10, 2009) o Government *U.S. vs. Dorr (2 Phil 332) Act 292, Section 8 Administrative Code of 1987, Sec. 2(1) Republic vs. Judge of the Court of First Instance of Rizal, 99 SCRA 660 Badillo vs. Tayag, 400 SCRA 494 Manila International Airport Authority vs. Court of Appeals, 495 SCRA 591 Soriano v. Laguardia GR. No. 164785, April 29, 2009 and March 15, 2010 VIII. Principles and Policies and the Philippine Government Preamble 1935, 1973 & 1987 Constitutions Manila Prince Hotel v. GSIS, GR No. 122156, Feb. 3, 1997 Bureau of Fisheries v. Commission on Audit GR. No. 169815, August 13, 2008 BCDA v. COA GR. No. 178160, February 26, 2009 The Province of North Cotabato v. The Government of the Republic of the Philippines Peace Panel on Ancestral Domain GR. No. 183591, Oct. 14, 2008 Principles A. Sovereignty of its People & Republicanism Art. II, Sec. 1 & 2 Art. V, Sec. 1 & 2 Art. VI, Sec. 1 B. Adherence to International Law Art. II, Sec. 2 Taada vs. Angara, 272 SCRA 18 Art II, Secs. 7 & 8 Art. XVIII, Secs. 4 & 25 C. Supremacy of Civilian Authority Art. II, Sec. 3 Art.VII, Sec. 18

Art. XVI, Sec. 4- 6 Gudani v. Senga GR. No. 170165, August 15, 2006 D. Government as Protector & People as Defender of the State Art. II, Sec. 4 5 Kilosbayan, INC. vs. Morato, 246 SCRA 540 Basco vs. Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation, 197 SCRA 52 E. Separation of Church & State Art. II, Sec. 6 Art. III, Sec. 5 Art. IX, C, Sec. 2(5) Art. VI, Secs. 5(2), 28(3), 29(2) Art. XIV, Secs. 3(3) & 4(2) Pamil v. Teleron (86 SCRA 413, 1978) Victoriano v. Elizalde (59 SCRA 54, 1974) Aglipay v. Ruiz (64 Phil 201, 1937) Civil Code Art. 359 Policies A. Independent Foreign Policy & Nuclear-Free Philippines Art. II, Secs. 7 & 8 Art. XVIII, Secs. 4 & 25 B. A Just & Dynamic Social Order Art. II, Sec. 9 Art. XII, Sec. 1 1. Promotion of Social Justice Calalang vs. Williams (70 Phil 726) Art. II, Sec. 10 Art. XIII, Sec. 1 Art. XIII, Sec. 2 Art. II, Sec. 26 Pamatong vs. Commission on Elections, 427 SCRA 96 Art. VII, Sec. 13, par. 2 Art. IX, B, Sec. 7 Civil Liberties Union vs. Executive Secretary (194 SCRA 317) Magkalas V. NHA GR No. 138823, September 17, 2008 Oxales v. United Laboratories Inc. GR. No 152991, July 21, 2008 2. Respect for Human Dignity and Human Rights Art. II, Sec. 11 Art. XVI, Sec. 5(2) Art. XIII, Secs. 17 - 19 3. Fundamental Equality of Women and Men Art. II, Sec. 14 Art. IV, Sec. 1(2) in relation with Sec. 4 Art. IV, Sec. 4 Art. XIII, Sec. 14 Art. XIII, Sec. 11

*Muller vs Oregon (208 US 412, 1908) *Lochner vs New York, 198 U.S. 45, 1905 *Adkins vs Childrens Hospital, 261 U.S. 525, 1923 *West Coast vs Parrish, 300 U.S. 379, 1937 4. Promotion of Health Art. II, Sec. 15 Art. II, Sec. 16 Oposa vs. Factoran, 224 SCRA 792 MMDA vs. Concerned Citizens of Manila Bay (GR Nos. 171947-8, Dec. 18, 2008) Art. XIII, Sec. 11 Del Rosario vs. Bengzon, 180 SCRA 521 Art. XIII, Sec. 12 Art. XIII, Sec. 13 5. Priority of Education, Science, Technology, Arts, Culture and Sports (ESTACS) Art. II, Sec. 17 Art. XIV, Sec. 1 Villar v. Technological Institute of the Philippines, 135 SCRA 706 (1985) Dept of Education, Culture & Sports v. San Diego (180 SCRA 533, 1989) a. Right to Quality Education Tablarin v. Gutierrez, 152 SCRA 730 b. Free Public Education University of the Philippines vs. Ayson, 176 SCRA 571 c. Academic Freedom Admission Garcia vs. Faculty Admission Committee, 68 SCRA 277 Academic Standards Tangonan vs. Cruz-Pao, 137 SCRA 245 School Discipline Alcuaz vs. School of Business Admi., (161 SCRA 7) *Miriam College Foundation, Inc. vs. CA, 348 SCRA 265 Conferment of Academic Honors University of San Carlos vs. CA, 166 SCRA 570 Method of Teaching Camacho vs. Coresis, 387 SCRA 628 Closure of School *University of the Philippines vs. Ayson, 176 SCRA 571 Withdrawal of Degree UP Board of Regents vs. CA, 313 SCRA 404 Mass Action Non vs. Dames II, 185 SCRA 523 Dismissal of Teachers Colegio del Sto. Nio vs. NLRC, 197 SCRA 611

d. Budget Guingona vs. Carague, 196 SCRA 221 e. Culture Joya vs. PCGG, 225 SCRA 568 6. Urban Land Reform and Housing Art. XIII, Sec. 9 Art. XIII, Sec. 10 People vs. Leachon, 296 SCRA 163 7. Reform in Agricultural and Natural Resources Art. II, Sec. 21 Art. XIII, Sec. 4 Art. XIII, Sec. 5 Art. XIII, Sec. 6 Art. XIII, Sec. 7 Art. XIII, Sec. 8 Luz Farms vs. Secretary of DAR, 192 SCRA 51 Hacienda Luisita, Inc. vs PARC (GR No. 171101, July 5, 2011; Nov. 22, 2011; Apr. 24, 2012) 8. Protection of Labor Art. II, Sec. 18 Continental Steel Manufacturing Corporation v. Montano GR. No. 182836, October 13, 2009 Art. XIII, Sec. 3 Compulsory Arbitration Union of the Filipro Employees vs. Nestle Phil., 192 SCRA 396 Suspension of Collective Bargaining Agreement Rivera vs. Espiritu, 374 SCRA 351 Right of Government Workers to Form Unions Art. III, Sec. 8 Art. IX, B, Sec. 2(5) Art. IX, B, Sec. 2(1) Alliance of Govt Workers vs. Minister of Labor (124 SCRA 1) NHA vs. Juco (134 SCRA 172) SSS Employees Assn. vs. CA (175 SCRA 686) Manila Public School Teachers Assocn vs.Laguio(200 SCRA 323) 9. Independent Peoples Organizations Art. II, Sec. 23 Art. XIII, Secs. 15 & 16 Anak Mindanao Party-List Group vs. Executive Secretary, 531 SCRA 583 C. Family as a Basic Social Institution Art. II, Sec. 12 Art. XV, Secs. 1 to 4 Art. II, Sec. 13 Art. 52, Civil Code Art. 1, Family Code D. Self-Reliant and Independent Economic Order

Art. II, Sec. 19 *Taada vs. Angara, 272 SCRA 18 Art. II, Sec. 20 Marine Radio Commn Assocn vs. Reyes, 191 SCRA 205 Art. XII, Sec. 6 Garcia vs. BOI (191 SCRA 288) Gamboa vs Torres, G.R. No. 176579, June 28, 2011 E. Communication and Information in Nation-Building Art. II, Sec. 24 PLDT vs. National Telecommunications Commission, (190 SCRA 717) Art. XVI, Sec. 10 Art. XVI, Sec. 11 Art. XVIII, Sec. 23 F. Autonomy of Local Governments Art. II, Sec. 25 Art. X, Secs. 1-4 Power to Suspend Local Elective Officials Ganzon vs. Court of Appeals, 200 SCRA 271 Limitation of Presidential Power of Supervision Dadole vs. Commission on Audit, 393 SCRA 262 Art. X, Sec. 5 Drilon vs. Lim 235 SCRA 135 Art. X, Sec. 6 Internal Revenue Allotment Province of Batangas vs. Romulo, 429 SCRA 736 *Alternative Center for Organizational Reforms and Devt, Inc. vs. Zamora, 459 SCRA 578 Pimentel vs. Aguirre, 336 SCRA 201 Art. X, Sec. 7 Term Limits Art. X, Sec. 8 Borja vs. Commission on Elections. (295 SCRA 157) Lonzanida vs. Commission on Elections, 311 SCRA 602 *Adormeo vs. Commission on Elections, 376 SCRA 90 Socrates vs. Commission on Elections, 391 SCRA 457 Ong vs. Alegre, (479 SCRA 473) Latasa vs. Commission on Elections, 417 SCRA 601 Art. X, Sec. 9 Creation/Division/Merger/Abolition of LGU Tan vs. Commission on Elections, 142 SCRA 727 Tobias vs. Abalos, 239 SCRA 106 Cawaling vs. Commission on Elections, 368 SCRA 453 Miranda vs. Aguirre, 314 SCRA 603 League of Cities of the Phils. Vs COMELEC (GR Nos. 176951, 177499, 178056, Nov. 18, 2008; Dec. 21, 2009; Aug. 4, 2010; Feb. 15, 2011; Apr. 12, 2011; June 28, 2011)

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Art. X, Sec. 11 14 Autonomous Regions Art. X, Sec. 15 Ordillo vs. Commission on Elections, 192 SCRA 100 Art. X, Sec. 16- 21 G. Recognition of the Rights of Indigenous Cultural Communities Art. II, Sec. 22 Cruz vs. Secretary of Environment & Natural Resources, (347 SCRA 128) Cario v. Insular Government, 212 US 449, 1909 Art. VI, Sec. 5(2) Art. XII, Sec. 5 Art. XIII, Sec. 6 Art. XIV, Sec. 17 Art. XVI, Sec. 12 The Province of North Cotabato v. The Government of the Rep. of the Philippines Peace Panel on Ancestral Domain - G.R. No. 183591, Oct. 14, 2008 H. Honest Public Service and Full Public Disclosure Art. II, Secs. 27 & 28 Art. III, Sec. 7 Bantay Republic Act v. COMELEC GR. No. 177314, May 4, 2007 Art. XI, Sec. 17 Art. VI, Sec. 12 Art. VI, Sec. 20 Art. IX, D, Sec. 4 Art. XI, Secs. 4-7 Zaldivar vs. Sandiganbayan, 160 SCRA 843 Perez vs. Sandiganbayan, 503 SCRA 252 Art. XI, Sec. 8- 12 Almonte vs. Vasquez, 244 SCRA 286 *Raro vs. Sandiganbayan, 335 SCRA 581 Art XI, Sec. 13 Deloso vs. Domingo, 191 SCRA 545 Laxina vs. Office of the Ombudsman, 471 SCRA 542 *Office of the Ombudsman vs. Estandarte, 521 SCRA 155 *Office of the Ombudsman vs. Madriaga, 503 SCRA 631 Macalino vs. Sandiganbayan, 376 SCRA 452, 2002 Art. XI, Sec. 14- 15 Presidentiall Ad Hoc Fact-Finding Committee on Behest Loans vs. Desierto, 317 SCRA 272 Art. XI, Sec. 16 I. Foreign Loans Art. VII, Sec. 20 Constantino vs. Cuisia, 472 SCRA 505 Art. XII, Sec. 21 J. Executive Agreements on Natural Resources

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Art. XII, Sec. 2 Art. VI, Sec. 12 K. Health of the President Art. VII, Sec. 12 Valmonte vs. Belmonte (170 SCRA 256) Legaspi v. CSC, 150 SCRA 530 STRUCTURE AND POWERS OF GOVERNMENT X. A. The Separation of Powers Congress Lambino v. COMELEC GR. No. 174153, October 25, 2006 1. Composition, Qualifications, and Term of Office Senators Art. VI, Secs. 2-4 Art. XVIII, Sec. 2 Representatives Art. VI, Sec. 5 *Tobias vs. Abalos, 239 SCRA 106 Navarro vs Exec Secretary, GR. No. 180050 (Feb. 10, 2010) Aquino and Robredo vs COMELEC, GR. No. 189793 (April 7, 2010) Art. VI, Sec. 6-8 Art. IX, C, Secs. 6-8 Art. XVIII, Sec. 7 R.A. 7941, Party-List System Act Veterans Federation Party v. COMELEC, GR No.136781, Oct. 6, 2000 BANAT vs. COMELEC GR. No. 179271, April 2009 BANAT vs. COMELEC GR. No. 179295, July 8, 2009 Amores vs. HRET GR. No. 189600, June 29, 2012 Ang Ladlad LGBT Party vs COMELEC GR. No. 190582, April 8, 2010 V.C. Cadangen vs COMELEC GR. No. 177179, June 5, 2009 Population Requirement Mariano vs. Commission on Elections, 242 SCRA 211 Intent of the Party-List System Ang Bagong Bayani-OFW Labor Party vs. COMELEC, 359 SCRA 69, 2001 Basis for Counting Votes Ang Bagong Bayani-OFW Labor Party vs. COMELEC, 404 SCRA 719, 2003 Residency Requirement *Co vs. Electoral Tribunal of the House of Representatives, (199 SCRA 692) *Aquino vs. Commission on Elections, 248 SCRA 400 Romualdez-Marcos vs. Commission on Elections, 248 SCRA 300 Perez vs. Commission on Elections, 317 SCRA 641 Pundaodaya v. COMELEC GR. No. 179313, September 17, 2009 Limbona v. COMELEC GR. No. 186006, October 16, 2009 Other Qualifications

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Social Justice Society v. Dangerous Drugs Bd GR. No. 157870 and Pimentel v. COMELEC GR. No. 161658, Nov. 3, 2008 Term of Office Dimaporo vs. Mitra (202 SCRA 779, 1991) Synchronized Terms of Office Art. XVIII, Secs. 1-2 2. Election Art. VI, Sec. 8-9 R.A. 6645 (Dec 28, 1987) Art. IX, C, Sec. 11 Lozada vs. COMELEC (120 SCRA 337, 1983) 3. Salaries, Privileges, and Disqualifications a. Salaries Art. VI, Sec. 10 Art. XVIII, Sec. 17 Philconsa vs. Mathay (18 SCRA 300, 1966) Ligot vs. Mathay (56 SCRA 823, 1974) b. Freedom from Arrest Art. VI, Sec. 11 Martinez vs. Morfe (44 SCRA 22, 1972) People vs. Jalosjos, 324 SCRA 689 c. Speech and Debate Clause Jimenez vs. Cabangbang (17 SCRA 876, 1966) Osmea vs. Pendatun (109 Phil 863) Pobre v. Santiago AC. No. 7399, August 25, 2009 d. Disqualification Art. VI, Sec. 13 Adaza vs. Pacana, Jr. (135 SCRA 431, 1985) Art. VI, Sec. 14 Puyat vs. de Guzman, Jr. (113 SCRA 31, 1982) Liban v. Gordon Gr. No. 175352, July 2009 e. Duty to Disclose Art. XI, Sec. 17 SALN Cases Impeachment of CJ Corona Rabe vs Flores (AM P-1247, May 14, 1997) Cavite Crusade for Good Govt vs Cajigal (AM RTJ 1562, Nov. 23, 2001) Concerned Taxpayer vs Doblada (AM P-99-1342, June 8, 2005) Ombudsman vs Racho (GR No. 185685, Jan. 31, 2011) Carabeo vs Sandiganbayan (GR No. 190580-81, Feb. 21, 2011) Art. VI, Sec. 12 Art. VI, Sec. 20 R.A. 3019, Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act 4. Internal Government of Congress a. Election of Officers

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Art. VI, Sec. 16 Art. VI, Sec. 19 Santiago vs. Guingona, 298 SCRA 756 and Tatad vs Guingona GR. No. 134577, Nov. 18, 1988 b. Quorum Art. VI, Sec. 16(2) Avelino vs. Cuenco (83 Phil 17, 1949) Art VI, Sec. 21 c. Rules of Proceedings Art. VI, Secs. 16(3) Art. VI, Sec. 21 Pacete vs. Sec. of the Commission on Appointments (40 SCRA 58, 1971) *Altarejos vs. Molo (25 SCRA 550) Arroyo vs. De Venecia, 277 SCRA 268 Alejandrino vs. Quezon (46 Phil 83, 1924) d. Discipline of Members Art. VI, Sec. 16 (3) *Osmena vs. Pendatun (109 Phil 863, 1960) Vera vs. Avelino, 77 Phil 192 (1946) *Alejandrino vs. Quezon (46 Phil 83, 1924) Santiago vs. Sandiganbayan (356 SCRA 636) Art. VI, Sec. 17 e. Journal and Congressional Records Art. VI, Sec. 16 (4) *Mabanag vs. Lopez Vito (78 Phil 1, 1947) Casco vs. Gimenez (7 SCRA 347, 1963) Morales vs. Subido (27 SCRA 131, 1969) Astorga vs. Villegas (56 SCRA 714, 1974) Philippine Judges Association vs. Prado, 227 SCRA 703 US vs. Pons (34 Phil 729, 1916) Art. VI, Secs 26-27 Art. XI, Sec. 3 *Marshall Field & Co. vs. Clark (143 US 649, 1891) Art. VI, Sec 16 (4) f. Sessions Art. VI, Sec 15 Art. VI, Secs 16 (5), 15 Art. VII, Secs 10, 11, 18 Art. VII, Sec 4 & 9 Art. VI, Sec 23 Art. XVII, Sec 1 Art. VII, Sec 18 Trillanes vs Judge Pimentel GR. No. 179817, June 28, 2008 5. Electoral Tribunals Art. VI, Sec 17 Art. VI, Sec 19

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a. Composition Tanada vs. Cuenco (103 Phil 1051, 1957) Abbas vs. Senate Electoral Tribunal (166 SCRA 651) b. Nature of Function *Angara vs. Electoral Commission (63 Phil 139) Sampayan vs. Daza (213 SCRA 807) Guerrero vs. Commission on Elections (336 SCRA 458) *Rasul vs. Commission on Elections (GR. No. 134142, August 24, 1999) Codilla vs. De Venecia (393 SCRA 639) Roces vs. House of Representatives Electoral Tribunal (469 SCRA 681) Dimaporo v. COMELEC GR. No. 179285, February 11, 2008 Limkaichong v. COMELEC GR. No. 178831-32, April 1, 2009 *Pimentel III v. COMELEC - GR. No. 178413, March 13, 2008 *Duenas v. HRET GR. No. 185401, July 21, 2009 *Seneres v. Robles GR. No. 178678, April 16, 2009 Request of JJ Melencio-Herrera, Cruz & Feliciano as Members of the HRET (SC Resolution of March 19, 1991) *Suanes vs. Chief Accountant of COA (81 Phil. 818, 1948) *Vera vs. Avelino (77 Phil 192, 1946) c. Independence of the Electoral Tribunal Bondoc vs. Pineda (201 SCRA 792, 1991) d. Powers *Lazatin vs. House Electoral Tribunal (168 SCRA 391) Abayon vs HRET (612 SCRA 375, 2010) ABC vs COMELEC (GR No. 193256, March 22, 2011) e. Judicial Review of Decisions of Electoral Tribunals *Co vs. Electoral Tribunal of the House of Rep (199 SCRA 692, 1991) Garcia vs HRET (GR No. 134792, August 12, 1999) 6. Commission on Appointments Art. VI, Sec 18 Art. VI, Sec 19 Daza vs. Singson (180 SCRA 496) Cunanan vs. Tan (5 SCRA 1, 1962) Coseteng vs. Mitra (187 SCRA 377) Guingona vs. Gonzales (GR No. 106971, Oct. 20, 1992 and March 1, 1993) Art. VII, Sec 16 Drilon vs De Venecia GR. No. 180055, July 31, 2009 7. Legislative Powers Legislative Powers & Limitations (Appropriations/Tax/Royalty/Delegation) Art. VI, Secs 1, 21 to 32 Art. III Art. VII, Secs 4, 9 to 11, 16 to 22 Demetria vs. Alba (148 SCRA 208) Sanchez vs COA (552 SCRA 471, 2008) Art. XIV, Sec 4 Art. X, Secs 5, 18

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Pelaez vs .Auditor General (15 SCRA 569) *Cardona vs. Binangonan, 36 Phil. 547 - Legislative Investigations Arnault vs. Nazareno (87 Phil 29, 1950) *Lopez vs. de los Reyes (55 Phil 170, 1930) Arnault vs. Balagtas (97 Phil 358, 1955) Bengzon vs Senate Blue Ribbon Committee (203 SCRA 767) Sabio vs. Gordon (504 SCRA 704) Standard Chartered Bank v. Senate Committee on Banks, Financial Institution and Currencies G.R. No. 167173, December 27, 2007 Romero v. Estrada G.R. No. 174105, April 2, 2009 Dela Paz v. Senate G.R. No. 184849, February 13, 2009 Garcillano vs House of Rep. Committees (GR No. 170338, Dec. 23, 2008) Abakada Guro Party List vs Purisima (562 SCRA 251, 2008) Vicente V. Mendoza, The Use of Legislative Purpose as a Limitation on the Congressional Power of Investigation, 46 PLJ 707, 1971 Senate vs. Ermita (488 SCRA 1) Gudani vs. Senga (498 SCRA 671) *Kilbourn vs. Thompson (103 US 168, 1880) Neri vs. Senate Committee on Accountability of Public Officers G.R. No. 180643, March 25, 2008 and September 04, 2008 Art. VIII, Secs 1, 8 (2) Art. IX, B, C, D, 1 [2] Art. VIII, Sec. 8 [2] - Confirmation of Appointments Sarmiento vs. Mison (156 SCRA 549) Art. XVI, Sec. 5 Art. VII, Sec 11 Art. XI, Secs. 2 & 3 RA 3019 - Impeachment Romulo vs. Yniguez (141 SCRA 263) Lecaroz vs. Sandiganbayan (128 SCRA 324, 1984) CJ Coronas Cases J del Castillos Cases (Plagiarism) - Utilization of Natural Resources Art. XII, Sec. 2 - Amendment of the Constitution Art. XVII, Secs. 1-4 Art. XV, Sec. 1, The 1935 Constitution 8. Legislative Process a. Requirements as to Bills - Title of Bills BANAT vs. COMELEC GR. No. 177508, August 7, 2009 Art. VI, Sec. 26 Cruz vs. Paras (123 SCRA 569, 1983)

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BP 337, Local Government Code Tolentino vs Sec. of Finance (GR No. 115455, Aug. 25, 1994) Tio vs Videogram Regulatory Board (GR No. L75697, June 18, 1987) b. Additional Requirements for Specific Measures - Appropriations Art. VII, Sec 22 Art. VI, Secs. 24-25 Demetria vs. Alba (148 SCRA 208, 1987) Guingona vs. Carague (196 SCRA 221, 1991) - Taxes Art. XIV, Sec. 5 Art. VI, Sec. 28 Art. XIV, Sec. 4 Art. X, Sec. 5 Art. VI, Sec. 23 Art. VI, Sec. 29 Art. X, Sec. 6 CIR vs. Fortune Tobacco Corp G.R. Nos. 167274-75, July 21, 2008 *Planters Products Inc. v. Fertiphil G.R. No. 166006, March 14, 2008 Quezon City v. ABS-CBN G.R. No. 166408 Oct. 6, 2008 MIAA vs. City of Pasay G.R. No. 163072, April 2, 2009 - Taxation of Religious and Charitable Institutions Abra vs. Hernando (107 SCRA 104, 1981) YMCA vs. Collector (33Phil 217, 1916) Bishop of Nueva Segovia vs. Provincial Board (51 Phil 352, 1972) *Apostolic Prefect vs. City Treasurer (71 Phil 547, 1941) *Hodges vs. Municipal Board of Iloilo City (19 SCRA 28, 1967) c. Procedure for the Passage of Bills and the Exercise of Veto Power Art. VI, Sec. 27 Art. 1, Sec 7, The United States Constitution Art. VI, Sec. 20, The 1935 Constitution Bolinao Electronics Corp. vs. Valencia (11 SCRA 486) Gonzales vs. Macaraig (191 SCRA 452) Bengzon vs. Drilon (208 SCRA 133, 1992) Miller vs. Mardo (2 SCRA 539, G.R. No. L-15138, July 31, 1961) d. Effectivity of Laws Tanada vs. Tuvera (136 SCRA 27, 1985) Art. 2, Civil Code People vs. Que Po Lay (94 Phil 640, 1956) EO No. 200, June 18, 1987 e. Initiative and Referendum B. Executive Department 1. Qualification, Election, Term and Oath Art. VII, Secs 2, 4, 5, 10

17

RA 9189, Overseas Absentee Voting Act of 2003 Art. XVIII, Sec 5 Aberrations : Snap Elections *In re Saturnino Bermudez (145 SCRA 160) *Philippine Bar Association vs COMELEC (140 SCRA 455) *Pormento vs Estrada (629 SCRA 530, 2010)

Canvass of Votes Macalintal vs COMELEC (GR No. 157013, July 10, 2003) Brillantes vs COMELEC ((GR No. 163193, June 15, 2004) Pimentel vs. Joint Committee (GR No. 163783, June 22, 2004) Ruy Elias Lopez vs Senate (GR No. 163556, June 8, 2004) Election Contest Tecson vs. COMELEC, 424 SCRA 277 Defensor-Santiago vs Ramos (253 SCRA 559, 1996) Legarda vs De Castro, 542 SCRA 125 (2008) 2. Privilege and Salary and Prohibitions Art. VII, Sec. 6 3. Prohibitions Art. VII, Sec. 13 *Civil Liberties Union vs Executive Secretary (194 SCRA 317, 1991) EO 284 of 25 July 1987, Authorizing the Holding of Other Govt Positions Dela Cruz vs. COA, 371 SCRA 157 PIC vs Elma (494 SCRA 53, 2006 and 517 SCRA 336, 2007) Comparison with other Officials Art. VI, Sec 13 Art. IX, A, Sec 2 Art. IX, B, Sec 7 Art. VIII, Sec 12 Exceptions to Prohibitions Art. XII, Sec 9 Art. VII, Sec 3 Art. VIII, Sec 8 Art. IX, B, 7, par. 2 4. Succession and Removal Art. VII, Secs 7, 4, 10, 8, 11, 12 Art. XI, Secs 2 & 3 Estrada vs. Desierto, 353 SCRA 452 Estrada vs. Desierto 356 SCRA 108 5. Various Powers and Functions of the President a. Executive Power Art. VII, Secs 1 & 17 Natl Electrification Administration vs CA (GR No. 143481, Feb. 15,2002) Marcos vs Manglapus (177 SCRA 668; 178 SCRA 760) Art. VII, Sec. 14-23

18

Webb vs. De leon, 247 SCRA 652 Philippines Constitution Association vs. Enriquez , 235 SCRA 506 The Province of North Cotabato v. The Government of the Republic of the Philippines Peace Panel on Ancestral Domain - G.R. No. 183591, Oct. 14, 2008 b. Control of Executive Departments Planas vs Gil (67 Phil 62) Villena vs Secretary of Interior (67 Phil 451) Myers vs US (272 US 52) Mondano vs Silvosa (97 Phil 143) MEWAP vs Romulo (GR No. 160093, July 31, 2007) *Free Telephone Workers Union vs Minister of Labor (108 SCRA 757) *Blaquera vs. Alcala, 295 SCRA 366 Hutchison Ports Phil, Ltd vs. Subic Bay Metropolitan Auth 339 SCRA 434 *Cruz vs. Sec of Environmental & Nat Resources, 347 SCRA 128 *Land Car Inc. vs. Bachelor Express Inc., 417 SCRA 207 *Chavez vs. Romulo, 431 SCRA 534 Kilusang Mayo Uno vs. Director General, NEDA, 487 SCRA 623 DENR vs. DENR Region 12 Employees, 409 SCRA 359 *Constantino vs. Cuisia, 472 SCRA 505 PASEI vs Torres (GR No. 98472, August 19, 1993) Tondo Medical vs CA (GR No. 167324, July 17, 2007) *Anak Mindanao vs Executive Secretary (GR No. 166052, Aug. 29, 2007) Biraogo vs Phil. Truth Commn (GR Nos. 192935, 193036, Dec. 7, 2010) c. General Supervision of Local Governments & Autonomous Regions Art. X, Secs. 4 & 16 *Ganzon vs CA (200 SCRA 271) d. Power of Appointment *Concepcion vs Paredes, G.R. No. 17539, December 23, 1921 *Sarmiento vs Mison (156 SCRA 549) Bautista vs Salonga (172 SCRA 60) Quintos-Deles vs Commission on Appointments (177 SCRA 259) Art. VII, Sec 16 Art. XVIII, Sec 7 Calderon vs Carale (208 SCRA 254) *Endencia and Jugo vs David (93 Phil 696) Ramos vs Alvarez (97 Phil 844) Art. IX, B, Sec 1 Art. IX, C, Sec 1 Art. IX, D, Sec 1 Art. VIII, Sec 8 Art. XVIII, Sec. 7 Art. X, Sec 18 i. Non-Delegability Binamira vs Garrucho, (188 SCRA 154) ii. Necessity of Discretion Flores vs. Drilon, 223 SCRA 568

19

iii.

Bermudez vs. Torres, 311 SCRA 733 Pobre vs. Mendieta, 224 SCRA 738 Prohibition during Election Period *Aytona v. Castillo (114 Phil VII, 1962) In re: Appointment of Valenzuela, 298 SCRA 408 De Castro vs JBC (GR No. 191002, March 17, 2010 and April 20, 2010) CJ Coronas Appointment as CJ of the Supreme Court Temporary Appointments Pimentel vs. Ermita, 472 SCRA 587 *Sarmiento vs. Mison, 156 SCRA 549 Soriano III vs. Lista, 399 SCRA 437 Appointment of Subordinate Officers Rufino vs Endriga (GR No. 139554, July 21, 2006) Upon JBCs Recommendation Art. VIII, Sec 9 Art. XI, Sec 9 Chavez v. JBC Council, GR No. 202242, July 17, 2012 and August 3,

iv.

v. vi.

2012 vii. VP as Cabinet Member Art. VII, Sec 3 e. Limitations on Appointing Power of the President Art. VII, Sec 13 Art. VII, Sec 15 Aytona vs Castillo (4 SCRA 1, 1962) Jorge vs Mayor (10 SCRA 331, 1964) Quimsing vs Tajanglangit (10 SCRA 446, 1964) Art. VI, Sec 19 Art. VII, Sec 16 Valencia vs Peralta (8 SCRA 692) Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila vs IAC (140 SCRA 22) Matibag vs Benipayo (GR No. 149036, April 2, 2002) *Soriano III vs Lista (GR No. 153881, March 24, 2003) Lacson vs Romero (84 Phil 740) *Pimentel vs Ermita (GR No. 164978, October 13, 2005) De Rama vs CA (GR No. 131136, February 28, 2001) *In Re Mateo Valenzuela (A.M. No. 98-5-01-SC, November 9, 1998) Administrative Code of 1987, Book III, Sec 17 f. Limitations of the Appointing Power of the Acting President Art. VII, Secs 14, 15, 16 6. Executive Clemencies Art. VII, Sec. 19 Art. IX, C, Sec 5 a. Pardon and Probation *People vs Vera (65 Phil 56, 1937) b. Pardon and Parole

20

Tesoro vs Director of Prisons (68 Phil 154, 1939) Torres vs Gonzales (152 SCRA 272) RPC, Art. 159 c. Pardon and Amnesty Barrioquinto vs Fernandez (82 Phil 642) *Brown vs Walker, 161 US 602 d. Effects of Pardon Cristobal vs Labrador (71 Phil 34, 1940) Pelobello vs Palatino (72 Phil 441, 1941) Lacuna vs Abes (24 SCRA 780) Monsanto vs Factoran (170 SCRA 190) e. Sanctions for Violations of Conditional Pardon *Torres vs Gonzales (152 SCRA 272) People vs Nacional (GR No. 11294, September 7, 1995) f. Pardoning Powers Application to Administrative Cases Llamas vs Executive Secretary Orbos (202 SCRA 844, 1991) Administrative Code of 187, Book V, Sec 53, Chapter 7, Subtitle A, Title I g. Who May Avail of Amnesty Tolentino vs Catoy (82 Phil 300, 1948) Macaga-an vs People (152 SCRA 430) People vs Patriarca (GR No. 135457, September 29, 2000) Vera vs People (7 SCRA 152, 1963) Republic vs IAC (GR No. 69344, April 16, 1991) h. Requirement of Finality of Conviction People vs Salle (250 SCRA 581) *People vs Bacang (260 SCRA 44) i. Commutation Drilon vs. Courts of Appeals, 202 SCRA 378 j. Time and Effects of Amnesty People vs Casido ( GR No. 116512, March 7, 1997) People vs. Salig, 133 SCRA 59 *People vs Llaneta (86 Phil 219) 7. Commander-in-Chief Art. VII, Sec 18 Art. III, Sec 13 Art. VIII, Sec 1 Art. III, Sec 2 RPC, Art. 124 RPC, Art. 125, as amended by EO 272 a. Supreme Court Decisions vs the 1987 Constitution Morales vs Ponce Enrile, GR No. L-61016 & L-61107 (April 26, 1983) Aquino vs Ponce Enrile (59 SCRA 183, 1974) Garcia-Padilla vs Ponce Enrile (121 SCRA 472, 1983) Barcelona v. Baker GR No. 2808, September 30, 1905 Montenegro v. Castaeda GR No. L-4221, August 30, 1952 Aquino vs Military Commission No. 2 (63 SCRA 546)

21

b. Unaffected Jurisprudence Art. VII, Sec. 18, par. 3 in relation to Lansang vs Garcia (42 SCRA 446, 1971) Olaguer vs Military Commission No. 34 (150 SCRA 144) 8. Emergency Powers Art. VI, Sec 23 Araneta vs Dinglasan (84 Phil 368, 1949) Rodriguez vs Gella (92 Phil 603, 1953) Power to Call Out Armed Forces IBP vs. Zamora, 338 SCRA 81 Sanlakas vs. Executive Secretary, 421 SCRA 656 *Gudani vs Senga (GR No. 170165, August 15, 2006) David vs Macapagal-Arroyo, 489 SCRA 160 Suspension of the Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus Aberca vs. Ver, 160 SCRA 590 AND GR No. 166216, March 14, 2012 Other Powers Lacson vs Perez (GR No. 147780, May 10, 2001) Navales vs Gen. Abaya (GR No. 162318, October 25, 2004) 9. Contracting & Guaranteeing Foreign Loans Art. VII, Sec. 20 Art. XII, Sec. 21 *Constantino vs. Cuisia, 472 SCRA 505 RA 240 RA 4860 Art. VI, Sec. 24 10. Power over Foreign Affairs Art. VII, Sec. 21 Art. VIII, Sec. 5 Nicolas v. Romulo G.R. No. 175888, February 11, 2009 *PMPF vs Manglapus (GR No. 84642, Sept. 13, 1988) *Chavez vs PEA, GR No. 133250 (9 July 2002, 6 May 2003, 11 Nov 2003) *Chavez vs PCGG, GR No. 130716 (9 Dec. 1998 and 19 May 1999) AKBAYAN v. Aquino G.R. No. 170516, July 16, 2008 Neri vs. Senate Committee on Accountability of Public Officers G.R. No. 180643,March 25, 2008 & Sept 4, 2008 Resolution on Motion for Consideration Vinuya vs Executive Secretary (GR No. 162230, April 28, 2010) Treating-Making Powers Pimentel vs. Office of the Executive Secretary 462 SCRA 622 Executive Agreements Abaya vs. Ebdane, 515 SCRA 720 Commissioner of Customs vs Eastern Sea Trading (3 SCRA 351, 1961) USAFFE Veterans Assocn vs Treasurer (105 Phil 1030) Altman vs. US, 224 U.S. 583 (1912) CIR vs Gotamco (148 SCRA 36) *Gonzales vs Hechanova, GR No. L-21897 (22 Oct 1963) Deportation of Undesirable Aliens

22

*Qua Chee Gan vs Deportation Board (9 SCRA 27, 1963) Go Tek vs Deportation Board (79 SCRA 17, 1977) Bayan vs Executive Secretary (GR No. 138570, October 10, 2000) 11. Power over Legislation Art. VII, Secs 22, 23 & 28 Art. VI, Secs 23 & 27 12. Immunity from Suit Carillo vs Marcos (April 4, 1981) *In re Bermudez (145 SCRA 160, 1986) *Nixon vs Fitzgerald, 457 U.S. 731 (1982) *Harlow vs Fitzgerald, 457 U.S. 800 (1982) Soliven vs Makasiar; Beltran vs Makasiar (167 SCRA 393) Kilosbayan vs. Ermita & Gregory Ong GR. No. 177721. July 03, 2007 Rubrico vs Arroyo (GR No. 183871, February 18, 2012) *Estrada vs Disierto (GR Nos. 146710-15, March 2, 2001) Gloria vs CA (GR No. 119903, August 15, 2001) 13. Executive Privilege US vs. Nixon, 418 U.S. 683, 1974 Watergate Scandal *Senate vs Ermita (488 SCRA 1) Republic vs Sandiganbayan (GR No. 152154, July 15, 2003) *Neri vs. Senate (G.R. No.180643, March 25, 2008) March 25, 2008 and September 4, 2008 Resolution on motion for consideration. AKBAYAN v. Aquino G.R. No. 170516, July 16, 2008 14. The Vice President Art. VII, Secs 3 to 6, 9 Art. VII, Secs 8, 11, 13 Art. XI, Secs 2 & 3 Legarda vs. De Castro P.E.T. Case No. 003, January 18, 2008 C. Judicial Department Judicial Independence Art. VIII, Secs. 4, 2, 6, 11, 12, 10, 3, 5 Art. IX, Sec. 2 Art. VI, Sec. 30 *The Supreme Court a. Composition Art. VIII, Secs. 4, 1 US vs Lim Siongco (41 Phil 94, 1920) Vargas vs Rilloraza (80 Phil 297, 1948) b. Appointment and Qualifications Art. VIII, Secs. 7, 8, 9 Kilosbayan vs. Ermita & Gregory Ong GR. No. 177721. July 3, 2007 Topacio v. Ong G.R. No. 179895, Dec. 18, 2008 Chavez v. JBC, GR No. 202242, July 17, 2012 and August 3, 2012

23

c. Salary Art. VIII, Sec. 10 Art. XVIII, Sec. 17 Perfecto vs Meer (85 Phil 552, 1950) RA 590, Sec. 13 Endencia vs David (93 Phil 696, 1953) Art. XV, Sec. 6, The 1973 Constitution Nitafan vs Commissioner of Internal Revenue (July 1987) d. Security of Tenure and Reorganization Art. VIII, Secs. 11, 2 De la Llana vs Alba (112 SCRA 294, 1982) e. Removal Art. VIII, Sec. 2 Art. XI, Sec. 2 In Re: First Indorsement from Raul Gonzalez (A.M. No. 88-4-5433, April 15, 1988) f. Fiscal Autonomy Art. VIII, Sec. 3 *In Re: Petition for Recognition of the Exemption of the GSIS from other Payment of Legal Fees (612 SCRA 193) g. Jurisdiction Various Issues involving the Courts and Their Jurisdictions *Rectification of Errors of Judgment Tocao vs CA (GR No. 127405, September 20, 2001) De Leon vs CA (GR No. 127182, December 5, 2001) *Control Enforcement of Courts Decisions Echegaray vs. Secretary of Justice, 301 SCRA 96 *Impairment of Judicial Power due to Prescription for Dispute Settlement Phil. Veterans Investment Devt Corp vs. Velez, 199 SCRA 405 *Investigation of Unjust Decisions of Court In re Laureta, 148 SCRA 382 *Performance of Non-Judicial Functions In re Designation of Judge Manzano as Member of the Ilocos Norte Provincial Committee on Justice, 166 SCRA 246 *Unconstitutionality of Bills Montesclaros vs. Commission on Elections, 384 SCRA 269 *Reversal of Legal Doctrine Republic vs. Garcia, 527 SCRA 495 *Jurisdiction of the Courts Mantruste Systems, Inc. vs. Court of Appeals, 179 SCRA 136 Power of Judicial Review Art. VIII, Sec. 5 *Angara vs Electoral Commission (63 Phil 139, 1936) *Estrada vs. Desierto, 353 SCRA 452 Francisco vs. House of Representatives, 415 SCRA 44

24

Fabian vs. Desierto, 295 SCRA 470 Conditions for the Exercise of Judicial Review *People vs Vera (65 Phil 56, 1937) Actual Controversy Abbas vs. Commission on Elections, 179 SCRA 287 *Macasiano vs. National Housing Authority, 224 SCRA 236 *Senate vs. Ermita, 488 SCRA 1 The Province of North Cotabato v. GRP Peace Panel on Ancestral Domain - G.R. No. 183591, October 14, 2008 Constantino v. People GR. No. 140656, Sept. 13, 2007 Radaza v. CA GR. No. 177135, October 15, 2008 Gunsi v. COMELEC GR. No. 168792, Feb. 23, 2009 Suplico v. NEDA GR. No. 178830, July 14, 2008 John Hay v. Lim, GR No. 119775, October 24, 2003 Proper Standing Macalintal vs. Commission on Elections, 405 SCRA 614 *Republic vs. Nolasco, 457 SCRA 400 Executive Secretary vs. Court of Appeals, 429 SCRA 81 *Philippine Constitution Association vs. Enriquez, 235 SCRA 506 Del Mar vs. Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation, 346 SCRA 485 Tatad vs. Garcia, 243 SCRA 436 *Cruz vs. Secretary of Environment and Natural Resources, 347 SCRA 128 *Francisco vs. House of Representatives, 415 SCRA 44 Garcillano v. House of Representaive GR. No. 170338, Dec. 23, 2008 Tolentino vs. Commission on Elections, 420 SCRA 438 *Province of Batangas vs. Romulo, 429 SCRA 736 *Planters Products Inc. vs. Fertiphil Corp., (548 SCRA 485, 2008) Southern Hemisphere vs. Anti-Terrorism Council, 632 SCRA 146 (2010) Holder vs. Humanitarian Law Project (No. 08-1498, June 21, 2010) Absence of Standing *Joya vs. Presidential Commission on Good Government, 225 SCRA 568 *Kilosbayan, Inc. vs. Morato, 246 SCRA 540 Telecommunications & Broadcast Attys of the Phil vs.COMELEC, 289 SCRA 337 Tichangco vs. Enriquez, 433 SCRA 324 Domingo vs. Carague, 456 SRCA 450 Pleading at the Earliest Opportunity *People vs. Leachon, 296 SCRA 163 *Matibag vs. Benipayo, 380 SCRA 49 La Bugal-BLaan Tribal Association, Inc. vs. Ramos, 421 SCRA 148 Estarija vs. Ranada, 492 SCRA 652 ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corp. v. Phil. Multi-media Inc. GR. Nos. 175769-70

25

Serrano v. Gallant Maritime Services, Inc. GR. No. 167614, Mar. 24, 2009 Moldex Realty, Inc. vs. HLURB (525 SCRA 198, 2007) Lis Mota Mirasol vs. Court of Appeals, 351 SCRA 44 *Francisco vs. House of Representatives, 415 SCRA 44 *David vs. Arroyo, 489 SCRA 160 Serrano v. Gallant Maritime Services, Inc. GR. No. 167614, Mar. 24, 2009 Political Questions *PBA vs COMELEC (140 SCRA 455) *Javellana vs. Executive Secretary (50 SCRA 30) *Romulo vs Yniguez *Dumlao vs COMELEC (95 SCRA 392) Court Jurisdiction over Judicial Review *J.M.Tuason & Co. vs CA (3 SCRA 696, 1961) Ynot vs IAC (148 SCRA 659, 1987) Judicial Review and Political Question Art. VIII, Sec. 1 *Tanada vs Cuenco *Garcia-Padilla vs Ponce Enrile *Garcia vs BOI (191 SCRA 288) Judicial Restraint PPA vs CA Chavez vs COMELEC Cases where Penalty Imposed is Reclusion Perpetua Art. VIII, Sec. 5 *People vs Daniel, 86 SCRA 511, 1978 *People vs Ramos, 88 SCRA 466, 1979 Rule 124, Sec. 13, Rules of Court Art. VII, Secs. 18, 4 Lopez vs Roxas (17 SCRA 756, 1966) Art. IX, A, Sec. 7 h. Congressional Power over Jurisdiction of SC Art. VIII, Sec. 2 Art. VI, Sec. 30 *Mantruste Systems, Inc. vs CA Supreme Courts Jurisdiction Judiciary Act of 1948, Sec. 17 Judiciary Reorganization Act of 1980 (BP129), Sec. 5 (3)

26

Art. VIII, Sec. 14 i. Administrative Powers/Rule-Making Power/Quasi-Judicial Work Supervision of Courts Art. VIII, Sec. 6 In Re: Undated Letter of Mr. Louis C. Biraogo, Petitioner in Biraogo v. Nograles and Limkaichong, (GR. No. 179120, 580 SCRA 106, 2009) Noblejas vs. Teehankee, GR. No. L-28790, April 29, 1968 Lorenzo v. Lopez AM. No. 2006-02-SC, Oct. 15, 2007 Ampong v. CSC GR. No. 167916, August 26, 2008 Temporary Assignment of Judges Art. VIII, Sec. 5 Order a Change of Venue People vs. Pilotin, 65 SCRA 635 People vs. Sola, 103 SCRA 393 Discipline of Lower Court Judges Art. VIII, Sec. 11 Appointment of Officials & Employees of the Entire Judiciary Art. VIII, Sec. 5 Appointment of All Officials in Accordance with Civil Service Law j. Rule-Making Art. VIII, Sec. 5 In Re: Petition for Recognition of the Exemption of the GSIS from Payment of Legal Fees (612 SCRA 193, 2010) Baguio Market Vendors Multi-Purpose Cooperative vs. Cabato-Cortes(613 SCRA 733, 2010) Art. XVIII, Sec. 10 Prior to 1987 Constitutions In re Cunanan, 94 Phil. 534, 1954 Scope *Javellana vs. DILG, 212 SCRA 475 Prohibitions Against Diminution of Substantive Rights *Philippine National Bank vs. Asuncion, 80 SCRA 321 *Philippine National Bank vs. Independent Planters Assocn, Inc., 122 SCRA 113 *Santero vs. Court of First Instance of Cavite, 153 SCRA 728 *Damasco vs. Laqui, 166 SCRA 214 *Magat vs. People, 201 SCRA 21 *Fabian vs. Desierto, 295 SCRA 470

27

*Tan vs. Bausch & Lomb, Inc., 478 SCRA 115 *People vs. Mateo, 433 SCRA 640 *People vs. Lacson, 400 SCRA 267 *Republic vs. Gingoyon, 478 SCRA 474 Special Courts

Land Bank of the Philippines vs. De Leon, 388 SCRA 537 Quasi-Judicial Bodies

Tan vs. Commission on Elections, 507 SCRA 352 Rules on Demonstrations In re Valmonte, 296 SCRA XI Requirements of International Agreements *Taada vs. Angara, 272 SCRA 18 Administrative Supervision over the Judiciary Maceda vs. Vasquez, 221 SCRA 464 Sinsuat v. Hidalgo AM. No. RTJ-08-2133, Aug. 6, 2008 Caoibes Jr. v. Ombudsman GR. No. 132177, July 19, 2001 Fuentes vs. Office of the Ombudsman-MindanaoGR. No. 124295, Oct. 23,2001 Garcia v. Miro GR. No. 167409, Mar. 20, 2009 People vs. Gacott, 245 SCRA 52 *Echegaray vs Secretary of Justice (GR No. 132601, January 19, 1999) Contempt Powers over Constitutional Commissions In Re: EM No.03-010- Order of the First Division of the Commission on Elections dated August 15, 2003, A.M. No. 03-8-22 SC (September 16, 2003) Practice of Professions Art. XII, Sec. 14 Rule re Martial Law/Suspension of the Privilege of the Writ Art. VII, Sec. 18 k. No Quasi-Judicial & Administrative Work for Judges Art. VIII, Sec. 12 Meralco vs Pasay Transportation Co. (57 Phil 600, 1932) Garcia vs Macaraig (29 SCRA 106, 1971) *In re: Rodolfo Manzano (166 SCRA 246) Presidential Electoral Tribunal Art. VII, Sec. 4 RA 1793 *Lopez vs Roxas (17 SCRA 756, 1966) Art. VII, Sec. 4, par. 7

28

Chief Justice as Presiding Officer in Presidential Impeachment Trial Art. XI, Sec. 3 Chief Justice as Chair of the JBC l. Report on the Judiciary Art. VIII, Sec. 16 m. Manner of Sitting and Votes Required Art. VIII, Sec. 4 Art. VII, Sec. 18 Art. VII, Sec. 4, par. 7 Firestone Ceramics vs CA (2000) Limketkai Sons Milling vs CA (261 SCRA 464) Rule 56, Sec. 11, Rules of Court Rule 125, Sec. 3, Rules of Court n. Requirements as to Decisions Art. VIII, Sec. 13 Art. VIII, Sec. 4 Consing vs CA (177 SCRA 14, 1989) Art. VIII, Sec. 14 Valladolid vs Inciong (121 SCRA 205, 1983) Section 14, Chapter 3, Book VII, Administrative Code of 1987 Air Manila vs Balatbat (38 SCRA 489, 1971) Bacolod Murcia Milling Co. vs Henares (107 Phil 560, 1960) *Cruz vs Secretary of DENR (GR No. 135385, December 6, 2001) Minute Resolutions Borromeo vs CA (186 SCRA 1) *People vs Baring (GR No. 137933, January 28, 2002) Prudential Bank vs Castro (158 SCRA 646) Mendoza vs CFI (51 SCRA 369, 1973) o. Mandatory Period for Deciding Cases Art. VIII, Sec. 15 In re: Problem of Delays in Cases before the Sandiganbayan (A.M. No. 00-8-05SC, November 8, 2001) Art. VIII, Sec. 18 Art. XVIII, Secs. 12 14 Sesbreno v. CA GR. No. 161390, April 16, 2008 Cases Illustrating the Changing Decisions of the SC p. Supreme Court as Presidential Electoral Tribunal Macalintal v. P.E.T. (GR No. 191618, Nov. 23, 2010) 2. Lower Courts

29

a. Qualifications and Appointments Art. VIII, Sec. 7 9 Office of the Court Administrator v Estacion,(AM No RTJ-87-104, Jan. 11, 1990) b. Salary Art. VIII, Sec. 10 c. Congressional Power to Reorganize & Security of Tenure Art. VIII, Sec. 11 Art. VIII, Sec. 2 Ocampo vs Secretary of Justice (51 OG 147, 1955) *De La Llana vs Alba (112 SCRA 294, 1982) d. Removal Art. VIII, Sec. 11 e. Jurisdiction Art. VIII, Sec. 1 J.M Tuason & Co. v. CA (3 SCRA 696, 1961) Ynot v. IAC (148 SCRA 659, 1987) f. Requirements as to Preparation of Decisions Art. VIII, Sec. 14 Art. VIII, Sec. 13 Francisco vs. Permskul, 173 SCRA 324 People vs. Ordoo, 335 SCRA 331 Nicos Industrial Corporation vs. Court of Appeals, 206 SCRA 127 People vs. Viernes, 262 SCRA 641 Salazar vs. Marigomen, 537 SCRA 25 Komatsu Industries, Inc. vs. Court of Appeals, 289 SCRA 604 Nunal vs. Commission on Audit, 169 SCRA 356 San Luis vs. Court of Appeals, 174 SCRA 258 g. Mandatory Periods for Deciding Cases Art. VIII, Sec. 15 Art. XVIII, Secs. 12 14 relate to Marcelino vs Cruz Marcelino vs. Cruz, 121 SCRA 51 (1983) De Roma vs CA (152 SCRA 205) People vs. Mendoza, 365 SCRA 289 3. Judicial and Bar Council Art. VIII, Sec. 8 Existing Violation of the Composition of the JBC Art. XI, Sec. 9 *In re Mateo Valenzuela (A.M. No. 98-5-01-SC, November 9, 1998) *Chavez v. JBC, GR No. 202242, July 17, 2012 and August 3, 2012 4. Automatic Release of Appropriation for the Judiciary Art. VIII, Sec. 3 GSIS v. Heirs of Caballero (GR No. 158090, Oct. 2, 2010) II. THE CONSTITUTIONAL COMMISSIONS Art. IX, A, Sec. 1

A. Civil Service Commission

30

1. Composition & Qualifications of Commissioners Art. IX, B, Sec. 1 Art. VII, Sec. 13 Gaminde vs. Commission on Audit, 347 SCRA 655 Appointment & Term of Office Art. IX, B, Sec. 1 Appointment of Personnel of Constitutional Commissions Art. IX, A, Sec. 4 De Guzman vs. Commission on Elections, 336 SCRA 188 Salary Art. XVIII, Sec. 17 Art. IX, A, Sec. 3 Disqualification Art. IX, A, Sec. 2

2. 3. 4. 5.

6. Impeachment Art. XI, Sec. 2 7. Functions of the CSC Art. IX, B, Sec. 3 Art. IX, A, Sec. 7- 8 Lazo vs. CSC, GR No. 108824, September 14, 1994 8. Scope of the Civil Service Art. IX, B, Sec. 2 Art. XII, Sec. 16 National Service Corp. v. NLRC, 168 SCRA 122 (1988) TUPAS VS. NHA, 173 SCRA 33 *Alliance of Govt Workers v Minister of Labor and Employment, 124 SCRA 1 (1983) *National Housing Corp. v. Juco, 134 SCRA 172 (1985) University of the Philippines vs. Regino, 221 SCRA 598 CSC vs. Sojor, 554 SCRA 160 (2008) PNOC-EDC vs. Leogardo, 175 SCRA 26 Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System vs. Hernadez, 143 SCRA 602 Quimpo v. Tanodbayan, 146 SCRA 137 a. Terms & Conditions of Employment in the Civil Service i. Oath of Allegiance to the Constitution Art. IX, B, Sec. 4 Art. XI, Sec. 18

31

b. Merit System ii. Appointment of Defeated Candidates Art. IX, B, Sec. 6 People vs. Sandiganbayan, 559 SCRA 449 (2008) iii. Ban on Holding Multiple Positions Art. IX, B, Sec. 7 Art. VII, Sec. 13 Art. VI, Sec. 13 Art. VIII, Secs. 8 (1) (3) and 12 Debulgado vs. Civil Service Commission, 237 SCRA 184 *CLU v Executive Secretary, 194 SCRA 317 (1991) *Flores v. Drilon, 223 SCRA 568 (1993) Lorenzana vs. Fajardo, 462 SCRA 1 c. Standardization of Pay & Ban on Double Compensation Art. IX-B, Sec. 13 Art. IX, B, Sec. 5 Art. IX, B, Sec. 8 Santos vs. Court of Appeals, 345 SCRA 553 d. Ban on Partisan Political Activities Art. IX, B, Sec. 2 Trinidad vs. Valle, 105 SCRA 606 Vistan vs Nicolas, 201 SCRA 524 Art. XVI, Sec. 5 Cailles v. Bonifacio, 65 Phil 328 (1938) *Section 2, Art. XI of the 1935 Const Santos v. Yatco, 59 OG 548 (1959) e. Removal or Suspension only for Cause Art. IX, B, 2 De los Santos v Mallare, 87 Phil 289 Corpus v. Cuaderno, 13 SCRA 591 (1965) Ingles v. Mutuc, 26 SCRA 171 (1968) Cristobal v. Melchor, 78 SCRA 175 Grio vs. Civil Service Commission, 194 SCRA 458 Samson vs. Court of Appeals, 145 SCRA 654 Borres vs. Court of Appeals, 153 SCRA 120 Astruquillo vs. Manglapus, 190 SCRA 280 Tamano vs Manglapus, 214 SCRA 567. Civil Service Commission vs. Salas, 274 SCRA 414 f. Right of Self-Organization Art. III, Sec. 8

32

Art. IX, B, Sec. 2 Book V, Title I, Subtitle A, Chapter 6, Administrative Code of 1987 *Alliance of Govt Workers v. Minister of Labor, 124 SCRA 1 (1983) *National Service Corp. v. NLRC, 168 SCRA 122 (1988) *TUPAS v. NHA, 173 SCRA 33 (1989) g. Right to Strike SSS Employees Association v. CA, 175 SCRA 686 EO 180 *Manila Public School Teachers Assocn v. Laguio, 200 SCRA 323 (1991) 9. Review of Decisions Art. IX, A, Sec. 7 Dario v. Mison, 176 SCRA 84 (1989) Manalansang v. CSC, 203 SCRA 797 (1991) Mancita v. Barcinas, 216 SCRA 772 (1992) 10. Fiscal Autonomy Art. IX, A, Sec. 5 Civil Service Commission vs. Department of Budget and Management, 464 SCRA 115 Civil Service Commission vs. Department of Budget and Management, 482 SCRA 233 11. Approval of Appointments by the CSC Barrozo v. CSC, 198 SCRA 487 Luego vs. Civil Service Commission, 143 SCRA 327 Temporary Appointments Romualdez vs. Civil Service Commission, 197 SCRA 168 Province of Camarines Sur vs. Court of Appeals, 246, SCRA 281 Decano vs. Edu, 99 SCRA 410 Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila vs. Civil Service Commission, 241 SCRA 506 Padilla vs. Civil Service Commission, 403 SCRA 116 Lack of Eligibility after Reorganization National Land Titles and Deeds Regn Adm vs. CSC, 221 SCRA 145 De Tavera vs. Civil Service Corporation, 200 SCRA 759 Imposition of Additional Qualifications by the CSC Juliano vs. Subido, 62 SCRA 480 Declaration of Vacancy Mayor vs. Macaraig, 194 SCRA 672 Demotion/More Qualified Persons Central Bank vs. Civil Service Commission, 171 SCRA 744 Alim vs. Civil Service Commission, 204 SCRA 510 Aquino vs. Civil Service Commission, 208 SCRA 240 Gayatao vs. Civil Service Commission, 210 SCRA 183 Unclassified Service Balquidra vs. Court of First Instance of Capiz, 80 SCRA 123 Orcullo vs. Civil Service Commission, 358 SCRA 115 Acceptance of Separation Pay Dytiapco vs. Civil Service Commission, 211 SCRA 88

33

Validity of Appointment Dependent on Legality of Dismissal Costin vs. Quimbo, 120 SCRA 159 Transfers Department of Education, Culture and Sports vs. Court of Appeals, 183 SCRA 555 *De Guzman vs. Commission on Elections, 336 SCRA 188 Cario vs. Daoas, 380 SCRA 355 Pastor vs. City of Pasig, 382 SCRA 232 Rualo vs. Petargue, 449 SCRA 121 C. Commission on Audit Art. IX, D, Sec. 1 Art. VII, Sec. 13 Art. IX, A, Sec. 4 Art. IX, A, Sec. 3 Art. XVIII, Sec. 17 Art. IX, A, Sec. 2 Art. XI, Sec. 2 Art. IX, D, Sec. 2 Art. IX, D, Sec. 3 Art. VI, Sec. 20 Art. IX, A, Sec. 6 Art. IX, A, Sec. 8 Art. IX, A, Sec. 7 Art. IX, A, Sec. 5 Qualifications Funa vs. Commission on Audit, GR No. 192791 Powers, Functions and Jurisdiction of COA Yap vs. COA, GR No. 158562, April 23, 2010 Veloso vs COA, GR No. 193677, September 6, 2011 Post-Audit of Pre-Audited Contract Development Bank of the Philippines vs. Commission on Audit, 231 SCRA 202 Audit of Private Entities: Instances Blue Bar Coconut Philippines, Inc. vs. Tantuico, 163 SCRA 716 Euro-Med Laboratories, Phil., Inc. vs. Province of Batangas, 495 SCRA 301

34

Phil. Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals vs. COA 534 SCRA 112, 2007 Determination of Failure of Bidding Danville Maritime, Inc. vs. Commission on Audit, 175 SCRA 701 Verification of Compliance and Powers Related Thereto Laysa vs. Commission on Audit, 343 SCRA 520 *National Electrification vs. Commission on Audit, 377 SCRA 223 Caltex Philippines. Inc. vs. Commission on Audit, 208 SCRA 726 National Housing Authority vs. Commission on Audit, 226 SCRA 55 Polloso vs. Gangan, 335 SCRA 750 Aguinaldo vs. Sandiganbayan, 265 SCRA 121 Limitations on COA F.F. Manacop Construction Co. Inc. vs. Court of Appeals, 266 SCRA 235 Uy vs. Commission on Audit, 328 SCRA 607 Parreno vs. COA 523 SCRA 390 (2007) Prohibition against Exemption from Audit Bustamante vs. Commission on Audit, 216 SCRA 134 Commissioner of Internal Revenue vs. Commission on Audit, 218 SCRA 203 Involvement of Private Auditor Development Bank of the Philippines vs. Commission on Audit, 373 SCRA 356 Allowance of Condonation PDIC vs. COA, 546 SCRA 473 (2008) Failure of the Sentinel of Government Resources COA vs. Link Worth International, Inc., 581 SCRA 501 (2009)

OTHER AGENCIES AND OFFICES A. Central Monetary Authority Art. XII, Sec. 20 Art. XII, Sec. 21 RA 7653 B. Economic and Planning Agency Art. XII, Sec. 9. Art. XII, Sec. 10 C. National Commissions Art. XIII, Sec. 17 Art. XIII, Sec. 18 Carino v. Commission on Human Rights, 204 SCRA 483 (1991)

35

EPZA V. CHR, 208 SCRA 125 Art. XII, Sec. 17 Art. XIV, Sec. 9 Art. XVI, Sec. 6 Carpio v. Executive Secretary, 206 SCRA 290 (1992) PNP, RA 6975 NAPOLCOM v. De Guzman, 229 SCRA 801 (1994) Himagan v. PEOPLE, 237 SCRA 538 (1994) Art. XVI, Sec. 12. THE NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PATRIMONY A. Goal Art. XII, Sec. 1 B. Natural Resources Art. XII, Sec. 1 Art. XII, Sec. 3 Act No. 141 (Public Land Act) Art. XII, Sec. 2 P.D. 1973

Republic vs. Pagadian City Lumber, GR No. 159308 (Sept. 16, 2008) Carino vs Insular Government, 41 Phil 1935 (1909) CMU vs. Executive Secretary, GR No. 184869, Sept. 21, 2010 Director of Lands v. IAC Acme Plywood and Veneer Co., GR No. 73002 (Dec. 29, 1986) Meralco v. Castro Bartolome, 114 SCRA 799 (1982) Republic v. Villanueva, 114 SCRA 675 (1982) Director of Lands v. IAC, 146 SCRA 509 (1986) Republic v. Court of Appeals, 155 SCRA 344 (1987) Art. XII, Sec. 4 Art. XII, Sec. 5 Art. XII, Sec. 7 Art. XII, Sec. 3, par. 1

36

Director of Lands vs. CA, 129 SCRA 689 (June 22, 1984) Republic vs. CA, 160 SCRA 228 (1988) Apex Mining vs. Southeast Mindanao Gold, GR Nos. 152613 & 152628 (Nov. 20, 2009) Republic vs. Naguiat, GR No. 134209 (January 24, 2006) Chavez vs. NHA, GR No. 164527 (August 15, 2007) Republic vs. Enciso, GR No. 160145 (Nov. 11, 2005) Director of Lands vs. Kalahi Investments, Inc., GR No. 48066 (January 31, 1989) Art. XII, Sec. 8 Godines v. Pak Luen, 120 SCRA 223 (1983) Yap v. Grageda, 121 SCRA 244 (1983) Tejido v. Zamacoma, 138 SCRA 78 (1985) Moss v. Director of Lands, 80 SCRA 269 (1977) Republic v. Quasha, 46 SCRA 160 (1972) Cheeseman vs. IAC, 193 SCRA 93 (1991) Matthews vs. Taylor Spouses, GR No. 154584 (June 22, 2009) Republic vs Register of Deeds, GR No. 158230 (July 16, 2008) Hulst vs PR Builders, GR No. 156364 (Sept. 25, 2008) Art. XIII, Sec. 1 (1935 Constitution) Art. XIV, Sec. 8 (1935 Constitution) Art. XIII, Sec. 2 (1935 Constitution) PD 471 Ramirez v. Vda. De Ramirez, 111 SCRA 704 (1982) Art. XII, Sec. 8 BATASANG PAMBANSA BLG. 185

Republic v. CA, 235 SCRA 567 (1994) Art. XIII, Sec. 4-10 Smith Bel & Co. v. Register of Deeds, 96 Phils 53 (1954) Article 1643 (New Civil Code.) Art. XII, Sec. 6

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Art. XII, Sec. 12 Art. XII, Sec. 13 Art. XII, Sec. 9-10

*Manila Prince Hotel vs GSIS, GR No. 122156 (Feb. 3, 1997) *Tanada vs Angara, GR No. 118295 (May 2, 1997) Espina vs Zamora, GR No. 143855 (Sept. 21, 2010)

Art. XII, Sec. 16 Art. XII, Sec. 11 Francisco vs TRB, 633 SCRA 470 Shell Philippines Exploration BV vs. Jalos, GR No. 179918 (Sept. 8, 2010) PAGCOR vs BIR, GR No. 172087 (March 15, 2011) Gamboa vs Finance Secretary, GR No. 176579 (June 28, 2011)

Art. XVI, Sec. 10- 11 Art. XVIII, Sec. 23 Art. XII, Sec. 14 Art. XII, Sec. 17-19

Avon vs. Luna, GR No. 153674 (Dec. 20, 2006) Philippine Ports Authority v. Mendoza, 138 SCRA 632 (1985) Art. XII, Sec. 20-21 Art. XII, Sec. 15 ESTACS (Education, Science, Technology, Arts, Culture and Sports) A. Language Article XIV, Sec. 6- 9 B. Science and Technology

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Art. XIV, Sec. 10-13 C. Arts and Culture Art. XIV, Sec. 13 Art. XIV, Sec. 15-18 D. Sports Art. XIV, Sec. 19

GENERAL PROVISIONS Article XVI, Sec. 1 Act No. 2928 Texas v. Johnson, 491 US 397 (June 21, 1989) Ebralinag v. Division Superintendent of Schools of Cebu, 219 SCRA 256 (1993) Art. XVI, Sec. 2 Com. Act. 382, Sept. 5, 1938 Art. XVI, Sec. 4-5 Art. XVIII, Sec. 24 Art. XVI, Sec. 6 Art. XVI, Sec. 7 Art. XVI, Sec. 9

THE AMENDING PROCESS Art. XVII, Secs. 1 - 4