CE-632 Foundation Analysis and Design

Lateral Earth Pressure

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Foundation Analysis and Design: Dr. Amit Prashant

Lateral Earth Pressure

Lateral earth pressures are a function of type and amount of wall movement movement, shear strength properties properties, weight of soil and drainage

Foundation Analysis and Design: Dr. Amit Prashant

Lateral Earth Pressure

Lateral Earth pressure is a function of wall movement (or relative lateral movement in the backfill soil)

Foundation Analysis and Design: Dr. Amit Prashant

Lateral Earth Pressure at Rest

v Ko = h = q + z The vertical al stress at any depth, z, is: v

Coefficient of earth p pressure at rest, ,

(No Lateral Movement)

= K o v +u h

u = pore water pressure

Elastic Solution: Poissons Ko = 1 ratio

Foundation Analysis and Design: Dr. Amit Prashant

Coefficient of Earth Pressure at Rest

For coarse coarse-grained grained soils (Jaky (Jaky, 1944) K0 = 1 sin For fine fine-grained grained, normally consolidated soils (Massarch (Massarch, 1979)

PI (%) K o = 0.44 + 0.42 100

Brooker and Ireland, 1965 K0 = 0.95 sin For overconsolidates clays

K o (OC ) = K o ( NC C ) OCR

Mayne and Kulway, 1982 K0 = (1 sin ).OCRsin

Pc OCR = 'o

Foundation Analysis and Design: Dr. Amit Prashant

Rankines Theory: y Active Earth Pressure

Foundation Analysis and Design: Dr. Amit Prashant

Rankines Theory: y Active Earth Pressure

1 sin ( ) 2 Ka = = tan 45 1 + sin ( ) 2
Depth D th of f Tension Crack

2c zc = Ka

Foundation Analysis and Design: Dr. Amit Prashant

Rankines Theory: y Passive Earth Pressure

Foundation Analysis and Design: Dr. Amit Prashant

Rankines Theory: y Passive Earth Pressure

1 + sin ( ) 2 Kp = = tan 45 + 1 sin ( ) 2

Foundation Analysis and Design: Dr. Amit Prashant

Rankines Theory: y Special p Cases

Submergence:

+u h = K a v

= v u v u = Pore Pressure

Inclined Backfill:

Ka =

cos ( ) cos 2 ( ) cos 2 ( ) cos ( ) + cos 2 ( ) cos 2 ( )

Kp =

1 Ka

Thrust

Inclined but Smooth Back face of wall:

w PA PA1 w PA1 is calculated for H1 height

PA = W + PA1

PA

PA1

H1

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Foundation Analysis and Design: Dr. Amit Prashant

Rankines Theory: Special Cases

Inclined Backfill with c c- soil:

Thrust

c 2 2 cos 2 cos sin + z 1 Ka = 1 2 2 cos c c 2 2 2 2 2 + + 4 cos cos cos 4 cos 8 cos cos sin z z

c 2 2 cos 2 cos sin + z 1 Kp = 1 2 2 cos c c 2 2 2 2 2 + + + 4 cos cos cos 4 cos 8 cos cos sin z z 11

Foundation Analysis and Design: Dr. Amit Prashant

Coulombs Theory: Active Earth Pressure

Wall Friction:

Coulombs theory underestimates Active EP

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Foundation Analysis and Design: Dr. Amit Prashant

Coulombs Theory: Passive Earth Pressure

Wall Friction:

Coulombs theory overestimates Passive EP

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Foundation Analysis and Design: Dr. Amit Prashant

Coulombs Theory: y Solutions

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Foundation Analysis and Design: Dr. Amit Prashant

Culmanns Graphical p Method: Active EP

= Wall friction
B E E4 C1 C2 C3 C C4

E2 E1

E3 D D3 D1 D2 D4

' =90--

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Foundation Analysis and Design: Dr. Amit Prashant

Culmanns Graphical p Method: Passive EP

E1

= Wall f friction
B

C1

C2 E2

C E E 3

C3

C4

E4

A Earth Pressure ne Lin

'
D1 =90 + =90D2 D D3

D4

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Foundation Analysis and Design: Dr. Amit Prashant

Seismic Earth Pressure:by Mononobe Mononobe-Okabe Method Active Earth Pressure

Wall movement

: angle of internal friction of soil

: batter b tt angle l of f wall ll

kv W

kh W
H

: angle of friction between the wall and the backfill Failure surface

: slope of the backfill top surface

PAE

= tan 1
AE

kh ( 1 kv )

and

( )

K AE =

cos 2 ( )
2 2

PAE

sin ( + ) sin ( ) cos cos cos ( + + ) 1 + cos ( + + ) cos ( ) 1 = H 2 ( 1 kv ) K AE Assumed to be acting at H/2. 2

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Foundation Analysis and Design: Dr. Amit Prashant

Seismic Earth Pressure:by Mononobe Mononobe-Okabe Method Passive Earth Pressure

Wall movement

kv W
H

kh W

Failure surface

PPE

PE

= tan 1

kh ( 1 kv )

and

( + )

K PE =

cos 2 ( + )
2 2

sin ( + ) sin ( + ) cos cos cos ( + ) 1 cos ( + ) cos ( ) 1 PPE = H 2 ( 1 kv ) K PE 2

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