2010 SECTION V

ARTICLE 2

A R T I C L E 2 RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION

T-210

SCOPE

The radiographic method described in this Article for examination of materials including castings and welds shall be used together with Article 1, General Requirements. Definitions of terms used in this Article are in Mandatory Appendix V of this Article. Certain product-specific, technique-specific, and application-specific requirements are also given in other Mandatory Appendices of this Article, as listed in the table of contents. These additional requirements shall also be complied with when an Appendix is applicable to the radiographic or radioscopic examination being conducted. T-220 T-221 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Procedure Requirements

A lead symbol "B," with minimum dimensions of % in. (13 mm) in height and 1/16 in. (1.5 mm) in thickness, shall be attached to the back of each film holder during each exposure to determine if backscatter radiation is exposing the film. T-224 System of Identification

A system shall be used to produce permanent identification on the radiograph traceable to the contract, component, weld or weld seam, or part numbers, as appropriate. In addition, the Manufacturer's symbol or name and the date of the radiograph shall be plainly and permanently included on the radiograph. This identification system does not necessarily require that the information appear as radiographic images. In any case, this information shall not obscure the area of interest. T-225 Monitoring Density Limitations of Radiographs

T-221.1 Written Procedure. Radiographic examination shall be performed in accordance with a written procedure. Each procedure shall include at least the following information, as applicable: (a) material type and thickness range (b) isotope or maximum X-ray voltage used (c) source-to-object distance (D in T-274.1) (d) distance from source side of object to film (d in T274.1) (e) source size (F in T-274.1) (a) film brand and designation (f) screens used T-221.2 Procedure Demonstration. Demonstration of the density and image quality indicator (IQT) image requirements of the written procedure on production or technique radiographs shall be considered satisfactory evidence of compliance with that procedure. T-222 Surface Preparation

Either a densitometer or step wedge comparison film shall be used for judging film density. T-226 Extent of Examination

The extent of radiographic examination shall be as specified by the referencing Code Section. T-230 EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS

T-231 Film T-231.1 Selection. Radiographs shall be made using industrial radiographic film.

T-222.1 Materials Including Castings. Surfaces shall satisfy the requirements of the applicable materials specification or referencing Code Section, with additional conditioning, if necessary, by any suitable process to such a degree that the images of surface irregularities cannot mask or be confused with the image of any discontinuity on the resulting radiograph. 7 T-222.2 Welds. The weld ripples or weld surface irregularities on both the inside (where accessible) and outside shall be removed by any suitable process to such a degree that the images of surface irregularities cannot mask or be confused with the image of any discontinuity on the resulting radiograph. The finished surface of all butt-welded joints may be flush with the base material or may have reasonably uniform crowns, with reinforcement not to exceed that specified in the referencing Code Section. T-223 Backscatter Radiation