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N =1
N =2
N =3
N =5
N =10
N =20
N =
0 5 10 15 20
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
C
T
1 3
2
2
P
w
C w I I
| |
=
|
\ .
1 3
2 1
2 2
T
w w
C w I I
| |
= +
|
\ .
0 5 10
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0 5 10
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
CP CT
=OR/V =OR/V
N =2
N =3
N =4
N =5
N =6
( )( )
2 1
P
C w w w k c =
2
2
T
C w w
k
k c
(
| |
= +
| (
\ .
Lightly loaded propeller with
finite number of blades
(Betz, 1919; Goldstein,1929)
The induction velocity did not
influence on the pitch of the
wake
Theodorsens consideration
for propeller with finite
number of blades
(Theodorsen,1948)
The pitch calculates via
induction velocity in far wake
Points is Glauerts optimization
Development of Rotor Vortex Theory
Comparison of both rotors (Okulov & Srensen, JFM 2010)
1 3
2 1
2 2
P
w w
C w I I
| || |
=
| |
\ .\ .
For the first time the comparison between the famous rotor conceptions
was made by analytical solutions but in both cases the wake expansion
has been neglected.
J oukowsky vortex model of rotor Betz vortex model of rotor
Points is Glauerts optimization
100 Years of Rotor Vortex Theory
The centennial is also celebrated in
Russia.
The Russian institute TsAGI, founded by
Joukowsky, makes a special issue on
this topic
Development
of theories of an optimal rotor
by V. Okulov, J. Srensen G. van Kuik.
Collaboration between Russian and German aerodynamic schools
in the beginning of XX-th century was very successful
100 Years of Rotor Vortex Theory
100 Years of Rotor Vortex Theory
Concluding remarks
The story of rotor vortex theory
will be continued!
Both Russian and German schools created their vortex theories
independently because World War I and Russian revolution
separated their collaboration.
100 years of the theory should celebrate from 2012 to 2019!