Kawlkam Consonant Phonemes Taang Zomi

Burmese Consonants

P.A. Bilabial Linguo-dental Alveolar Post-Alveolar Retroflex Palatal Velar Glottal

R B I R B I R B I R B I R B I R B I R B I R B I
M.A.
Plosive or
Stop:
vl. unas. p ပ /p/ t တ /t/ t ဋ /ʈ/ k က /k/ – အ /?/
vl. asp. ph, ဖ /pʰ/ ht ထ /tʰ/ ht ဌ /ʈʰ/ kh, ခ /kʰ/
hp hk
vd. unas. b ဗ /b/ d ဒ /d/ d ဍ /ɖ/ g ဂ /ɡ /
vd. asp. bh ဘ /bʰ/ dh ဓ /dʰ/ dh ဎ /ɖʰ/ gh ဃ /ɡʰ/

Affricate:
vl. ky က် /ʦ/ ch ခ် /ʧ/
vd. gy ဂ် /ʤ/

Fricative:
vl. unas. th သ /θ/ s စ /s/ sh ရွ /ʃ/ h ဟ /h/
vl. asp. hs ဆ /sʰ/
vd. unas. th သ /ð/ z ဇ /z/
vd. asp. zh စ် /zʰ/

Nasal:
vl. hm မွ /m/̥ hn ႏွ /n/̥ hn ဏွ /ɳ̊ hny ညွ /ɲ̊/ hng ငွ /ŋ/̊

Wednesday, March 11, 2009 Page 1 of 2

 Taang Zomi Kawlkam Consonant Phonemes
P.A. Bilabial Linguo-dental Alveolar Post-Alveolar Retroflex Palatal Velar Glottal
R B I R B I R B I R B I R B I R B I R B I R B I
M.A.
vd. m မ /m/ n န /n/ n ဏ /ɳ/ ny ည /ɲ/ ng င /ŋ/
Trill r ရ /r/

Lateralː

vl. hl လွ /l/̥
vd. l လ /l/ lh ဠ /ɭ/

Semi-
vowel:
vl. hw ဝွ /w/̥
vd. w ဝ /w/ y ယ, ရ /j/

Legend something very close thereto Lateral = Lateral Approximant

P.A. = Place of Articulation
Color Code: M.A. = Manner of Articulation Tentative inclusion in this chart:
gray background = of Sanskrit, Pali or Hindi vl. = voiceless ဆ (hsa-lein), the seventh letter of the
origin; rarely pronounced as such in vd. = voiced Burmese Alphabet, has not yet been
modern Burmese. asp. = aspirated assigned a phonetic symbol.
unas. = unaspirated
Abbreviation: စ် (zha-myin-sway), the ninth letter of the
R= Romanized Burmese orthography Alternative terms: Burmese Alphabet, has not been assigned
B = Burmese orthography Retroflex = Cerebral a phonetic symbol.
I = IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet), or Semivowel = Approximant

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