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International Journal of Computer Networking, Wireless and Mobile Communications (IJCNWMC) ISSN 2250-1568 Vol.

3, Issue 3, Aug 2013, 131--134 TJPRC Pvt. Ltd.

DUAL POLARIZED ANTENNA FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION


PRIYANKA BALASAHEB YADAV1 & ABHILASHA MISHRA2
1 2

M.E. Student, E&TC Department, MIT, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India

Assistant Professor, E&TC Department, MIT, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India

ABSTRACT
This paper presents the design of antenna operating in ISM band at 2.4 GHz. It is designed for dual polarization application. This antenna consists of a square patch with an inserted plus slot is at centre, Dual probe feed and a ground plane. The antenna will realize on substrate FR4 with relative permittivity of 4.4 and loss tangent of 0.02. The simulation process is done by using High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). The simulated results have shown that, it has more than 15 dB isolation with a moderate antenna gain of 5.99 dB.

KEYWORDS: Dual Polarization, Isolation, Dual Probe Feed INTRODUCTION


Microstrip patch antennas have been employed in many wireless communication systems. This is due to their various advantages including low profile, lightweight, easy fabrication and conformability to mounting structure [1]. It has become more popular to provide wireless communication between the client to devices i.e. laptop, PDA, PC, Tablet, Bluetooth with the access point in a local network. According to the standard of IEEE for WLAN, the network works at the frequency of 2.4 GHz. usually the wireless communication systems are often faced with many problems of the multipath fading [2]. The diversity antennas such as the polarization and pattern diversities become more important to reduce the multipath fading and increase the robustness and capacity of the whole systems, especially in the multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems. The possible requirement for WLAN applications in polarization diversity can be achieved by making two orthogonal polarizations [3]. This allows communication systems to be able to send and receive signal with more alternative polarization. An orthogonal dual-feed square microstrip antenna yields dual polarization at same frequency. A thin microstrip antenna with two orthogonal direct probe-fed ports has very high isolation [4]; however, the impedance bandwidth is narrow. To increase the impedance bandwidth of the antenna, an air-gap is preferred [5]. The high isolation can be achieved by inserting a slot into the radiating patch [6]. The proposed antenna is designed to operate at the frequency of 2.4 GHz.

ANTENNA STRUCTURE
Figure 1 shows the geometry of a Square MSA with dual probe feed. The antenna is fabricated on FR4 substrate with dielectric constant of 4.4 and thickness of hd. The patch has a width of w and is printed on the top side of a thin dielectric substrate, which is placed above a ground plane at a height of h a. The antenna is excited by two probes to obtain linear polarization. The probes are located at a distance D from the patch centre. The inserted slot is located on radiating patch. The probe distance is only for good impedance matching.

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Priyanka Balasaheb Yadav & Abhilasha Mishra

ANTENNA DESIGN AND CHARACTERICTICS


When the slot is absent, the antenna can be considered to be a microstrip antenna with an air-gap, which is excited in two orthogonal modes of TM 10 and TM 01.Their resonant frequencies are the same and mainly determined by the patch size. Antenna is designed to operate at 2.4 GHz which is an ISM Band. The thin substrate FR4 with thickness of hd and dielectric constant 4.4.The fixed parameters of the antenna structure are the height of air-gap (ha) with 6 mm. The patch width w can be calculated for a given resonant frequency fr. as: [7] (1)

Figure 1: Antenna Structure Figure 2.shows the simulated return loss and isolation of the antenna versus the frequencies in the 1.8 - 3 GHz frequency range for the probe distances D. In this case the isolation has a maximum value of 27 dB at the frequency of 2.24 GHz with return loss of 24dB at resonant frequency of 2.45GHz. Bandwidth (defined by return loss 10 dB) is 230 MHz.

Figure 2: Return Loss and Isolation of the Antenna

Dual Polarized Antenna for Wireless Communication

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Figure 3 shows the VSWR of antenna which is 1.12, as per definition it lies between 1to 2.

Figure 3: VSWR Figure 4 a) and b) shows the E-plane & H-plane radiation pattern when port 1 is excited at 2.45GHz.E plane having 60 HPBW and its cross polarization level is 13dB. H-plane having 800 HPBW and its cross polarization level is 13dB
0

A) Probe 1 Excitation in E-Plane

B) Probe 1 Excitation in H-Plane Figure 4: Radiation Pattern at 2.45 ghz

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Priyanka Balasaheb Yadav & Abhilasha Mishra

CONCLUSIONS
A dual-polarized microstrip antenna with high isolation is simulated. The high isolation is achieved by inserting centre slot into the radiating patch. Simulated results show that the antenna has more than 15 dB isolation with the moderate antenna gain of 5.99 dB. The use of orthogonal polarization to provide two communication channel at same frequency.

REFERENCES
1. 2. 3. C.A. Balanis, Antenna Theory, John Wiley&Sons, 1989 K. Fujimoto and J.R. James, Mobile Antenna System Handbook, Ch.2, Artech house, Norwood, MA, 1994. Wong, H., Lau, K.L., and Luk, K.M., "Design of dual-polarised L-probe patch antenna array with high isolation", IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.,52, (I), pp. 45-52, 2004 4. H.-W. Son, "Design of dual-polarised microstrip antenna with high isolation using capcitive feeds", ELECTRONICS LETTERS.,VoI.45, No.1 I., May 2009. 5. K. Boonying, T. Laohapensaeng, et al," A Flat Antenna for Polarization Diversity", JICTEE-20JO, Luangprabang Lao PDR, December 2I-24,pp.528-530. 6. Teeravisit Laohapensaeng, Komkris Boonying, Dual -Polarized microstrip antenna with high isolation using an inserted slot, 2011 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems (lSPACS) December 7-9, 2011 7. Girish Kumar and K. P. Ray, "Broadband Microstrip Antennas", Artech House, 2003, pp. 29 - 60

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