Typify

verb ( typi fies , typi fy ing , typi fied , typi fied ) ( not usually used in the progressive tenses )

1 ~ sth to be a typical example of sth 2 ~ sth to be a typical feature of sth

clothes that typify the 1960s the new style of politician, typified by the Prime Minister the haunting guitar melodies that typify the band's music

Gratification
noun [ uncountable , countable ] ( formal ) the state of feeling pleasure when sth goes well for you or when your desires are satisfied; sth that gives you pleasure satisfaction sexual gratification A feed will usually provide instant gratification to a crying baby. Much to my gratification, my work got a special mention in her speech.

Ruminate
verb [ intransitive , transitive ] ~ (on/over/about sth) | + speech ( formal ) to think deeply about sth ponder ru min ation /noun [ countable , uncountable ]

Fastidious
adjective 1 being careful that every detail of sth is correct meticulous Everything was planned in fastidious detail. He was fastidious in his preparation for the big day.

2 ( sometimes disapproving ) not liking things to be dirty or untidy

She wasn't very fastidious about personal hygiene. fas tidi ous ly / adverb

fas tidi ous ness / noun [ uncountable ]

poise

noun, verb

noun [ uncountable ] 1 a calm and confident manner with control of your feelings or behaviour His performance was full of maturity and poise. She seemed embarrassed for a moment but quickly recovered her poise. 2 the ability to move or stand in an elegant way with good control of your body verb

[ intransitive , transitive ] to be or hold sth steady in a particular position, especially above sth else + adv./prep. The hawk poised in mid-air ready to swoop. ~ sth/yourself to do sth He was poising himself to launch a final attack. ~ sth/yourself + adv./prep. She poised the javelin in her hand before the throw.

poised
adjective 1 [ not before noun ] in a position that is completely still but is ready to move at any moment ~ (on, above, over, etc. sth) Tina was tense, her hand poised over the telephone. He stopped writing and looked at me, pen poised. ~ to do sth The cat crouched in the grass, poised to jump.

2 [ not before noun ] ~ (in, on, above, etc. sth) in a position that is balanced but likely to change
in one direction or another The cup was poised on the edge of the chair. ( figurative ) The world stood poised between peace and war. 3 [ not before noun ] completely ready for sth or to do sth set ~ for sth The economy is poised for recovery. ~ to do sth The British team is poised to win the title. Kate is poised to become the highest-paid supermodel in the fashion world. 4 having a calm and confident manner and in control of your feelings and behaviour assured He is a remarkably poised young man.

dogged
adjective [ usually before noun ] ( approving ) showing determination; not giving up easily tenacious dogged determination/persistence their dogged defence of the city dog ged ly / BrE ddli ; NAmE ddli / adverb

tenaciously Although the men fought doggedly on, a sense of hopeless despair engulfed them. dog ged ness / BrE ddns ; NAmE ddns / noun [ uncountable ]

tenacity

Condescend
verb

1 [ transitive ] ~ to do sth ( often disapproving ) to do sth that you think it is below your social or
professional position to do deign We had to wait almost an hour before he condescended to see us.

2 [ intransitive ] ~ to sb to behave towards sb as though you are more important and more intelligent
than they are When giving a talk, be careful not to condescend to your audience.

con des cen sion /noun [ uncountable ] Her smile was a mixture of pity and condescension. She gave me some friendly advice without a trace of condescension.

Impertinent
adjective rude and not showing respect for sb who is older or more important impolite an impertinent question/child Would it be impertinent to ask why you're leaving? im per tin ence / noun [ uncountable , countable , usually singular ] She had the impertinence to ask my age!

im per tin ent ly/ adverb

im per turb able

adjective ( formal ) not easily upset or worried by a difficult situation; calm His normally imperturbable secretary burst into tears. im per turb ability / noun [ uncountable ]

im per turb ably/ adverb

Protectorate
noun

1 [ countable ] a country that is controlled and protected by a more powerful country

a British protectorate compare colony 2 [ uncountable ] the state or period of being controlled and protected by another country