Lacityp - Tsunami Response Plan

City of Los Angeles
Emergency Operations Master Plans And Procedures
Tsunami Response Plan Annex
January 10, 2008
City of Los Angeles
Adopted: January 10, 2008
Table of Contents
Introduction Concept of Operations Alert and Notification Safe Refuge Center & Shelters Safe Refuge Center & Shelter Management Evacuation Travel Public Information and Education Public Safety Evacuation of Special Populations and Health Facilities Appendices
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City of Los Angeles
Introduction
Depending upon the magnitude of the tsunami, coastal areas of the City of Los Angeles and its neighboring jurisdictions could be inundated; most notably within the City are the Port of Los Angeles, the Venice area and the West Los Angeles area. Continued development in areas exposed to coastal inundation has increased the risk of property damage and loss of life from future tsunamis. While historic and geologic evidence suggests a threat of tsunami is greater in Alaska, Hawaii and the northern coastal areas of California, there is still a potential for a tsunami impacting Southern California. A tsunami (seismic sea wave) is a series of ocean waves of extremely long length generated by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, massive undersea landslides, or any other disturbance that displaces a large water mass from its equilibrium position. As a tsunami crosses the deep ocean the wave may be a hundred miles in length and only a few feet in height. Tsunamis may reach speeds of 600 miles per hour in deep water. Tsunamis are typically classified as either local or distant. These two types of tsunamis have different implications for comprehensive planning; zoning; building sitting, design, and construction activities; and evacuation warning. Tsunamis from local sources usually result from earthquakes occurring off nearby coasts. In Southern California, large offshore or coastal fault movements can cause large submarine landslides along steep and unstable slopes of the continental shelf edge and offshore borderland ridges generating locally-destructive tsunamis for the adjacent coastal areas. The travel time of the locally-generated tsunami, from initiation at the source to arrival at coastal communities may be within 5 to 30 minutes. These are rare but there is evidence around the world that they do occur. Tsunamis from distant sources are the most common type observed along the Pacific Coast of the United States. The Pacific states may suffer both regional and Pacific-wide tsunamis. Regional tsunamis affect smaller areas than Pacific-wide tsunamis. The time required for a distant tsunami to reach the Hawaiian and mainland coasts will vary between 5 to 18 hours, depending upon the tsunami place of origin. The effects of a distant tsunami on a coastal area may be negligible or severe depending upon the magnitude of the tsunami, its source distance, and its direction of approach. In order to develop an effective tsunami plan for the City of Los Angeles, tsunami inundation maps are critical in the development of tsunami evacuation plans, evacuation routes, sign location, Safe Refuge Centers, and focused community educational programs such as detailed brochures. In 2002, federal grant funds were obtained to develop
City of Los Angeles
tsunami inundation maps covering the area from northern California to the Rancho Palos Verdes Peninsula. The mapping of the Los Angeles Harbor area was conducted separately by Moffatt & Nichol in November 2006. Numerous City departments are identified in this plan and each have distinct roles and responsibilities as it relates to a tsunami evacuation response. Contained in this plan are six primary elements that need to be addressed to efficiently and effectively evacuate the public in the event of a tsunami. They are as follows: Concept of Operations Alert and Notification Procedures Safe Refuge Center Safe Refuge Center Management Evacuation Travel Routes Public Information and Education Public Safety Evacuation of Special Needs Populations
City of Los Angeles
City of Los Angeles
City of Los Angeles
CONCEPT of OPERATIONS
There are nine City departments that have been identified with critical tsunami evacuation response functions. Because there are three coastal locations in the City that would be impacted by a tsunami, certain elements were described by coastal location to better identify specific logistical information. The nine departments with critical functions related to tsunami response are as follows: Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) Los Angeles Fire Department (LAFD) Emergency Management Department (EMD) Los Angeles Department of Transportation (LADOT) Los Angeles Department of Recreation and Parks Los Angeles Animal Services Harbor Department Department on Disability Department of Aging
In addition to the nine departments, if a tsunami evacuation was ordered, all City Emergency Operations Organizations (EOO) departments would be involved in support role activities and the Citys Emergency Operations Center (EOC) would be activated at Level III, the highest level possible. In addition, when the Citys EOC is activated, the County EOC and the Regional EOC is activated. Mutual Aid assistance would occur simultaneously in a response effort to the impacted areas.
Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD)

The mission of the LAPD is to ensure the safe evacuation and protection of citizens from an immediate threat of a Tsunami. In the event of a confirmed tsunami warning, the LAPD will direct voluntary or mandated evacuations of the threatened areas within LAPDs Harbor, Pacific and West Los Angeles Areas. LAPD will follow established guidelines as documented in the current Emergency Operations Guide and existing Area Standing Plans. The LAPD will establish a Unified Command Post with the Los Angeles Fire Department and other response agencies based upon pre-existing protocols. Priority action will be given to managing evacuation routes previously identified by the City, establishing a Unified Command Post outside of the inundation area and announcing Safe Refuge Center locations. The LAPD Department Operations Center will immediately be activated and staffed by Real Time Analysis and Critical Response (RACR) Division, and will begin to monitor the tsunami warning. The Department notification process is not affected by
this transition between RACR and the DOC. RACR Division effectively becomes the DOC upon activation, maintaining the same physical location with City Hall East, level P-4, and potentially expands in personnel. All responsibilities previously carried out by RACR Division become the responsibility of the DOC until deactivation and transition back to RACR Division. The DOC will provide information to the Chief of Police who may advise the Mayor on law enforcement related issues and assist in determining whether to order a voluntary or mandatory evacuation. The Citys EOC will be activated to Level III if an evacuation is ordered.
Los Angeles Fire Department (LAFD)

It is the mission of the Los Angeles Fire Department to preserve life and property, promote public safety and foster economic growth through leadership, management and actions, as an all risk life safety response provider. In the event of a confirmed tsunami warning, evacuation of Los Angeles Fire Department (LAFD) resources from Fire Stations within the tsunami inundation zone and establishment of a unified post in each affected Battalion will occur. This immediate action will allow the Department to more effectively assist with evacuation and rescue of affected civilians. The following battalions and fire stations would relocate to fire stations identified below. Los Angeles Harbor Area - Battalion 6 Fire Station 112 to Fire Station 48 All Fire Boats out to sea five (5) miles off shore at a heading of 230 Primary consideration will be given to have the Unified Command Post at Angels Gate Venice Area - Battalion 4 Fire station 63 to Fire Station 62 Fire Station 67 to Fire Station 5 Primary consideration will be given to have the Unified Command Post at Fire Station 5 West Los Angeles Area - Battalion 9 Fire Station 23 will stage at Sunset and Palisades Dr. Primary consideration will be given to have the Unified Command Post at Sunset and Palisades Dr. In addition, lookouts will be established for the purpose of providing real time information to concerned officers. Battalion Chiefs at each of the three locations would be in charge of Fire Department staff and response decisions. The LAFD would be responsible for assisting in the evacuation of hospitals and other facilities housing medically fragile persons. LAFD would also assist in the
evacuation of other special needs populations such as older adults, people with disabilities or those who are homeless if time permits and resources are available.
Emergency Management Department (EMD)

It is the mission of EMD to coordinate the Citys comprehensive emergency response and recovery effort involving all types of disasters, including a tsunami evacuation, by activating and staffing the Citys Emergency Operations Center (EOC) at-a-moments notice. EMD will coordinate with all city agencies, other affected local jurisdictions, the County of Los Angeles, the State of California, and the Federal government to ensure the residents, business owners, and visitors in Los Angeles receive the most efficient and effective response possible.
Los Angeles Department of Transportation (LADOT)

In the event of a tsunami, the mission of the Los Angeles Department of Transportation (LADOT) is to assist in the implementation of the evacuation plans developed for the Harbor, Venice and West Los Angeles areas. LADOTs operations will assist LAPD in prohibiting the ingress of any unauthorized vehicular traffic into the evacuation zones and facilitating the egress of evacuees by implementing the following: Pre-identifying intersections along the perimeter of the evacuation zones as well as key intersections along the evacuation routes inside those zones. Securing the perimeters of the evacuation zones by deploying traffic officers to pre-identified intersections to prohibit the ingress of unauthorized vehicular traffic into the evacuation areas. Deploying traffic control officers and traffic engineering strike teams along the boundaries of the security perimeter and at key intersections on the preidentified evacuation routes to prevent gridlock conditions and to facilitate the egress of traffic (Note: In the event of far source tsunami, if time permits and it is safe to do so, LADOT may deploy teams inside the evacuation zone.) Ensuring that response and evacuation assistance vehicles are able to reach their destinations using pre-identified emergency response routes. Managing traffic signals through the Automated Traffic Surveillance and Control Center (ATSAC) to synchronize the egress of evacuees where possible. Coordinating the mass transit of evacuees from the evacuation zone perimeters to refuge areas. 10
LADOTs initial response will involve two of its divisions: Parking Enforcement and Special Traffic Operations (STO). Specific people will be designated as persons-incharge of each response function within their geographic regions. Supporting response divisions will include LADOTs Planning Division, Field Operations, Transit Division and ATSAC. The contact person for the Tsunami Evacuation Plan would be the Departments Engineer-in-Charge of emergency response, and in addition, the General Manager and management team of the Department of Transportation.
Los Angeles Department of Recreation and Parks (RAP)

The Department of Recreation and Parks (RAP) strives to ensure Los Angeles residents and visitors that RAP facilities are a resource during and after an emergency. Recreation and Parks is committed to providing emergency management leadership, continuity, and direction, enabling Los Angeles to respond to, recover from, and mitigate the impact of natural, man-made, or technological disasters. The Los Angeles Administrative Code (Chapter 03, Division 08), identifies that the Department of Recreation and Parks functions as the head of the Public Welfare and Shelter Division of the City of Los Angeles Emergency Operation Organization (EOO). The General Manager is designated as the Chief of this EOO Division. Responsibilities include: Making arrangements for housing and shelter facilities for persons rendered homeless as a result of a local emergency. Making arrangements for the services of the American Red Cross, the Los Angeles Unified School District, and other governmental agencies as needed to furnish food, clothing, registration, information services, and rehabilitation services to individuals affected by a local emergency. Assigning available, trained full-time personnel to the Emergency Operations Center (EOC), the Department Operation Center (DOC), and Department facilities that are designated as Safe Refuge Center, Reception Center or Shelters. Personnel and equipment can also be provided to assist other Divisions of the City in an emergency.
The City of Los Angeles routinely utilizes both multi-agency and inter-agency coordination at the incident (field), Department Operation Center (DOC), and Emergency Operation Center (EOC) levels. Ad-hoc groups can be formed at every level to facilitate decisions and resolve problems. A partnership with the Department of Recreation and Parks, LAUSD, and American Red Cross is formed in the routine
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activation of shelters throughout the City of Los Angeles. The general manager of RAP is essentially the person in charge of establishing Safe Refuge Centers and Shelters for displaced residents in the event of a tsunami. RAP maintains a computerized Shelter Facility Database at the Griffith Park Ranger Station listing potential shelter sites at recreation centers within the jurisdiction of the Department of Recreation and Parks. This includes the sheltering capacity; emergency gas, water, and electrical shut-off locations; number of showers, toilets, and if there are kitchen facilities. RAP maintains and updates an Alpha-listing of RAP employees, emergency phone numbers, and the relative driving distance of each employee from home to their work site. RAP coordinates shelter-welfare functions in an emergency or civil disturbance when the EOC is activated; when a local, State, or Federal emergency has been declared, or a declaration of war. Park Rangers and other employees respond to the EOC to ensure prompt activation of a Safe Refuge Center, Shelter, or staging area. RAP will analyze the situation and determine the best facility or facilities to be opened to shelter persons rendered homeless as a result of the emergency. RAP coordinates with the American Red Cross to provide supplies and staffing at shelter sites. In addition, RAP coordinates with LAUSD, Salvation Army, Library Department, Housing Department, CDD, CRA, Animal Services and the Department of Aging to identify additional shelter sites and support. RAP will also coordinate with the Department on Disabilities to comply within the best of their abilities under the emergency circumstances, with ADA requirements to provide access to programs, services and activities offered at the Safe Refuge Centers and Shelter sites. RAP will also make reasonable efforts within their ability to address concerns by people with disabilities. RAP provides full-time Department personnel to the DOC, and sheltering facilities. (RAP is committed to providing personnel and equipment to assist other Divisions of the EOO during an emergency).
Los Angeles Department of Animal Services (LAAS)

The mission of Los Angeles Department of Animal Services (LAAS) is to promote and protect the health, safety and welfare of animals and people in the city of Los Angeles and it is consistent with how the department will respond to an evacuation due to a tsunami. The concept of operations as stated in the Administrative Code (Chapter 3, Section 9) is that during the period of a local emergency the general manager shall develop and arrange for shelter facilities for animals rendered homeless. LAAS will provide for animal care at the safe refuge areas, the relocation centers and the temporary shelters. LAAS will evacuate endangered animals to appropriate locations, near their
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owners, if they have identification. If there are large animals they will be taken to preidentified holding areas. LAAS will coordinate animal sheltering activities with the American Red Cross (ARC) and the Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD) in conjunction with the Department of Recreation and Parks (RAP) which has the responsibility for providing Safe Refuge Centers and shelter facilities to the public. LAAS will also be working with Los Angeles County Animal Control, county lifeguards and volunteer rescue groups for beached animals. The general manager of LAAS or his/her designate is responsible for the activation of the emergency evacuation plan. The Director of Field Operations, the Director of Shelter Operations, the Chief Veterinarian and the Emergency Preparedness Coordinator have key responsibilities during all phases of the disaster. Animal Control Officers, Animal Care Technicians and Registered Veterinary Technicians also play a key role once the safe refuge area/shelter locations have been established and when evacuations begin. The ARC and the LAUSD with RAP coordination are responsible for the public shelters. LAAS will determine if those facilities will allow animals to stay with their owners or it will set up separate but temporary animal shelters nearby. LAAS will staff these shelters with Department staff and animal care volunteers. In addition, within the best of their ability, LASS will determine which public shelters contain service animals and will make reasonable attempts to provide department staff or animal care volunteers to assist with the care of these service animals. LASS Volunteers from non-profit agencies will be coordinated through Emergency Network of Los Angeles (ENLA). LAAS will provide animal food and other supplies as necessary and arrange with the Department of General Services (GSD) to obtain water supplies for the animals. LAAS will use collapsible cages of assorted sizes in shelter areas and will order more from vendors, as needed.
Harbor Department
The mission of Los Angeles Harbor Department is to provide employees, tenants, and the public with a safe, well-planned and organized method of evacuation from the Port district. The Harbor Department has authority and directs the Port Police and the Port Police Watch Commander with the responsibility to ensure the following: Follow established Los Angeles Port Police Evacuation Checklist. Evacuate impacted tsunami inundation zone.
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Ingress/egress routes for emergency vehicles, evacuation buses and evacuation routes. Activate notification procedures. Additional department personnel required, and location of the Staging Area. (Emphasize number of people, not units) Location and radio designation of the Incident Command Post/Operations Post. Ensure all employees and all first responder equipment is moved to a safe location.
The Port Police Watch Commander must also ensure that a liaison officer of supervisory rank has been assigned to the Fire Department Incident Command Post or to the command post of any other involved agency. The order to evacuate would ultimately rest with the Mayor, the Los Angeles Chief of Police and the Fire Chief. The Port Police Watch Commander will work with the Harbor Communications Division and implement a 3nOnline notification with Harbor Department personnel from the various Harbor department divisions and sections. Divisional Organizations and Basic Functions that would support this Plan are consistent with the Harbor Department Emergency Plan and Procedures. Some key division and sections that would have tsunami evacuation responsibilities are listed below: Construction and Maintenance Division -- Provide equipment and personnel to assist in rescue, survey and salvage operations. Also repair and restore Port facilities. Emergency Preparedness Coordinator -- Accompanied by a member of Risk Management, he/she will respond to and staff the EOC at City Hall East. Also represent the Harbor Department at emergency meetings of the City Emergency Operations Board. Human Resources Division -- Establish Department personnel pools and coordinate the management of citizen volunteers with the Citys Personnel Department. Also provide employee personnel information (e.g., telephone numbers, job classification, special skills, etc.) to the incident commander for recall procedures; assist with recall notification procedures; determine the status of vital records; provide clerical assistance; and issue pool cars for Department use.
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Homeland Security Division -- Coordinate the operations and functions of the Department Operations Center. Facilitate and coordinate with the Emergency Operations Center (EOC) and terminal Facility Security Officers (FSO). Pilot Service -- Conduct a survey of harbor waterways to establish routes of safe passage for vessels. Also move vessels to safety or to ensure Port safety and establish liaison with the U.S. Coast Guard, the Port of Long Beach and tugboat companies; monitor and control vessels at anchor, leaving or entering the Port; maintain radio communications with vessels and other agencies; and follow instructions from the U.S. Coast Guard Captain of the Port. Planning and Research Division -- Provide geographic indexing system (GIS) support regarding Department property. Also provide administrative assistance and general Port information. Port Police -- Conduct initial response and crisis survey. The Port Police watch commander is designated as the incident commander, who will coordinate and direct all initial emergency activities by the Department. The watch commander will contact appropriate Department personnel for notification, advice and consultation purposes. If necessary, the Port Police will recall personnel responsible for directing, managing, and responding to a major emergency. The Director of Operations - Will provide Port security and public safety to prevent crime and protect property; control vehicular and vessel traffic; transmit warnings and effect evacuation when necessary; maintain radio communications; assist in pollution control. In addition, the Director of Operations will dispatch appropriate personnel to staff the City Emergency Operations Center at City Hall East whenever required. Wharfingers Division -- Provide information regarding the location and types of vessels at the Port. Also provide information about the types of cargo and hazardous materials at the Port; conduct surveys of Port cargo terminals; establish liaison with terminal operators and vessel agents; and provide and record berth assignment information.
Department on Disability (DOD)

In the event of a tsunami evacuation and response, the Department on Disability (DOD) will provide an ADA Incident manager to the EOC to assist with recognizing issues that may affect people with a variety of disabilities that may arise during the course of the evacuation and sheltering. DOD will collaborate with RAP to ensure effective communication and reasonable accommodations are provided at Safe Refuge Centers and shelters for people with disabilities.
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Department of Aging (DOA)

The Tsunami Evacuation Plan is considered part of the Department of Agings (DOA) Emergency Plan (2006 Edition). As such it represents an important addition to the DOAs Pre-emergency and post-emergency plans for providing, as much as possible, uninterrupted senior services for older adults living in the City of Los Angeles. (from 1.0 Introduction/Preface of the 2006 Plan). The Department views its role in a tsunami evacuation with two goals in mind: 1) direct notification of its impacted service providers and coordination in an evacuation and; 2) provide support for other City entities directly involved in evacuation operations. The Department would be working with two distinct sets of organizations in a tsunami evacuation: City organizations providing direct instructions, resources, and coordination activities such as the Mayors Office, Department of Recreation and Parks (the Department of Agings direct supporting role in case of emergency sheltering), Los Angeles Police Department, Los Angeles Fire Department, and the Emergency Management Department. The Department of Agings Service Provider Network of Fifteen 15 Multipurpose Senior Centers (MPCs) plus associated agencies providing senior services programs. The contact person for the Tsunami Evacuation Plan would be the Departments Emergency Preparedness Coordinator and in addition, the General Manager and management team of the Department of Aging. The Department of Aging would be active in two response areas, supporting the City entities with any information and resources required to assist older adults in impacted areas to evacuate. The second area would be to activate resources and plans on the part of the impacted service providers to assist in the evacuation.
Other Agencies
United States Coast Guard (USCG) In the event of a tsunami warning, the U.S. Coast Guard Captain of the Port (COTP) may direct merchant vessels to depart Port or otherwise direct their movement, due to their location that are at higher risk of loss of life, property damage or could interfere with emergency response activities. This action would be directed under the authority Title 33 Code of Federal Regulations Part 6.04-8.
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ALERT and NOTIFICATION
Pacific Ocean Tsunami Alert System

In 1994, the United States Senate Appropriations Committee directed NOAA to formulate a plan for reducing tsunami risks to the nations coastal residents. A monitoring and warning system has been created. Potential tsunamis are monitored by the West Coast/Alaska Tsunami Warning Center (WC/ATWC) in Palmer, Alaska and the Hawaii-based Pacific Tsunami Warning Center. The WC/ATWC is responsible for: (1) reporting seismic movement along the North American Coast from the Aleutian Islands south through Baja California; and (2) providing technical advice to emergency managers within its area of responsibility. A network of tsunami detection oceanic buoys provides immediate warning about any indications of a tsunami being generated or moving. The monitors are linked with satellites so that a real-time warning can be given. This warning system is effective for tsunamis of distant origin. Since California is vulnerable to local-source tsunamis, the current tsunami warning system does not fully meet Californias needs. There are areas along the California Coast considered to be tsunami generation regions. The WC/ATWC may not detect a locally generated tsunami in sufficient time to warn local authorities to evacuate potential tsunami-impact areas. At present, detection of such local-source tsunamis is possible only where the shore can be observed. An earthquake near our coast could cause a local-source tsunami. A strong earthquake felt along the beach should be considered a warning sign. If an earthquake is felt, coastal residents, business owners and visitors should evacuate tsunami inundation areas. The first visible indication of an approaching tsunami is often a recession of water. Any withdrawal of the sea, therefore, should be considered a warning of an approaching wave. On the other hand, a rise in water level may be the first event. When a Tsunami Alert is issued, the information is received by the California Governors Office of Emergency Services (OES) Warning Center via the National Warning System (NAWAS). All information received from the WC/ATWC is passed immediately to the local operational areas via the California Law Enforcement Telecommunications System (CLETS), California Warning System (CALWAS) and Emergency Digital Information System (EDIS), and simultaneously to designated local response agencies, for example the Los Angeles Police Department, Los Angeles Fire Department, Los Angeles Emergency Management Department and Harbor Department. (The following table illustrates this).
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Levels
Notification Actions
Notify potentially impacted jurisdictions through the Los Angeles County OA. Verify receipt of information by OA and cities, unincorporated areas and special districts. Confirm tsunami alert Notify cities and special districts within the County that may be impacted. Notify County departments (Sheriff, Fire, medical, etc.), as appropriate. Notify other levels, depending upon nature of threat and security considerations. Notify city departments and agencies (Law enforcement, fire, medical, etc.), as appropriate.
CA State OES Warning Center
OES Southern Region

Los Angeles County Operational Area
Cities/Special Districts
Depending on the content of the warning, the County EOC staff, under the guidance of the Sheriff, will make several immediate decisions. If the first wave is expected to reach the coast with enough time for evacuation, the decision to make a complete, immediate evacuation may be necessary. However, if the wave is expected in 3hours or more, a phased evacuation is possible with the closing of beaches and removal of emergency equipment and personnel from coastal areas. It should be noted that the decision to evacuate populations and to close businesses may be questioned if the tsunami does not occur. In order to reduce individual liability, the County and City may elect to declare a local emergency.
Tsunami Alerts
The WC/ATWC monitoring station will issue a tsunami alert initially based on seismic information as a means of providing the earliest possible alert. Tsunami alert text includes: type of alert (warning/watch); applicable regions; earthquake parameters (location and magnitude); evaluation; and tsunami ETA's for sites throughout the WC/ATWCs area of responsibility. (See Appendix G for Sample Warning Center Tsunami Alerts). The WC/ATWC updates messages every 30 minutes (as of August 2005). Updated messages will be continued, expanded or restricted, upgraded or downgraded, or cancelled. There are currently seven types of tsunami alerts: Tsunami Warning Tsunami Watch Tsunami Information Bulletin Tsunami Advisory Tsunami Information Message Tsunami Cancellation
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Tsunami Communication Test
Tsunami Warning The highest level of tsunami alert. A Tsunami Warning is an announcement by the WC/ATWC given to local jurisdictions within an expected impact area after a tsunami triggering event has occurred or when a tsunami has been detected anywhere in the Pacific Basin. For earthquake magnitudes between 7.1 and 7.5, a Tsunami Warning is issued to areas within a 350 km (217.5 miles) along the coast on either side of the epicenter. For earthquake magnitudes greater than 7.5, a Tsunami Warning is issued to areas within a 3 hour tsunami travel-time zone. Tsunami Watch The second highest level of tsunami alert. A Tsunami Watch is an announcement by the WC/ATWC given to local jurisdictions outside of the warning area that a seismic event has occurred in the Pacific Basin and may have caused a tsunami. For earthquake magnitudes greater than 7.5, a Tsunami Watch is issued to areas within a three to six hour tsunami traveltime zone. The WC/ATWC issues Watches as a means of providing advance alert to areas that could be impacted by a destructive tsunami and indicates these jurisdictions should monitor the event. Tsunami Information Bulletin The WC/ATWC issues Informational Bulletins for earthquakes which are not likely to trigger a tsunami dangerous to its area of responsibility. The WC/ATWC releases bulletins to advise participants of the occurrence of an earthquake in the Pacific or near-Pacific area with the evaluation of any of the following situations: (1) that a potentially destructive tsunami has not been generated and there is no danger to the WC/ATWC area of responsibility; (2) that a tsunami capable of causing destruction beyond the local area has been generated; or (3) there is a probability of a tsunami and to advise that a tsunami investigation is underway. Tsunami Advisory The WC/ATWC issues Advisories for an event outside its area-ofresponsibility which poses no imminent threat to its area of responsibility. An Advisory indicates that an area is either outside the current warning and watch regions, or that the tsunami poses no danger to that area. The WC/ATWC will continue to monitor the event, issuing updates at regular intervals. As conditions warrant, the Advisory will either be continued, upgraded to a watch or warning, or ended. Tsunami Information Message The WC/ATWC issues Information Messages when smaller earthquakes (less than the warning threshold) are felt near coastal areas. The WC/ATWC
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issues Information Messages to assure coastal residents and emergency managers that there is no tsunami danger. Tsunami Cancellation After the arrival of the first wave, waves may continue to arrive at intervals for several hours. A cancellation message will be sent when all danger of a tsunami has passed. At present, the WC/ATWC is unable to determine when danger has passed in many areas. Local conditions (e.g., particularly strong currents in channels and harbors), can cause wide variations in tsunami wave action. Consequently, local emergency management officials, and not the WC/ATWC, will make all-clear determinations. The WC/ATWC will issue a cancellation after either of the following situations: (1) an evaluation of sea level data confirms that a destructive tsunami will not impact the Area of Responsibility (AOR); or (2) following a destructive tsunami when data indicates that the threat has largely subsided to nondestructive levels. Following a destructive tsunami, the WC/ATWC provides guidance to local officials regarding when they can consider the threat to have passed based on local conditions. In general, after receipt of a Tsunami Warning, agencies can assume all-clear status when their area is free from damaging waves for two hours, unless the WC/ATWC has announced additional ETAs or local conditions warrant continuation of the Tsunami Warning status (OES, Local Planning Guidance). This requires that the local government is able to observe the waves from a safe distance and height. Hence, if no wave or only insignificant waves occur, local agencies may assume all-clear status two hours after the latest ETA announced by WC/ATWC, unless the presence of strong currents in channels and harbors has been noted which may warrant continuation of the Tsunami Warning. The public should not return to low lying areas until the tsunami threat has passed and local authorities announce all clear. Tsunami Communication Test The WC/ATWC issues test messages at unannounced times on a monthly basis to determine delays in disseminating tsunami information, to test the operation of the warning system by the evaluation of two-way communications with interactive personnel response, and to keep communication operating personnel familiar with the procedures for handling message traffic pertaining to the Tsunami Warning System.

Tsunami alerts and notifications originate from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Information is forwarded to the California Governors Office of Emergency Services (OES) Warning Center via the National
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Warning System (NAWAS). The Los Angeles County Office of Emergency Management (OEM), the Los Angeles County Fire Department and the Los Angeles Sheriffs Department (LASD) will receive an immediate notification, which will be forwarded to LAPD Real Time Analysis and Critical Response (RACR) Division at 213-978-6500. The LAPD RACR Division will immediately notify the LAPDs Harbor Area Watch Commander, the Pacific Area Watch Commander, the West Los Angeles Area Watch Commander and Air Support Division (ASD) of the tsunami notification. In addition, RACR Division will notify the Chief of Police, Director of Office of Operations, and all appropriate Command, and Staff Officers of the tsunami notification. Los Angeles Police Department Command Staff will communicate with other state and local resources using established communication procedures. The City uses the Emergency Alert System (EAS), coordinated through the County of Los Angeles Sheriffs Dept, or other media that the Office of the Mayor or the City Emergency Operations Board has directed to be utilized. Additional public alert and/or notification systems and technology are being considered at this time. The Chief of Police will be provided information from the DOC. The Chief of Police will also advise the Mayor on law enforcement related issues along with recommendations from, the Fire Chief, the Emergency Management Department General Manager, Los Angeles County Sheriff and the State or Federal Government. This information will assist the Mayor or other designated command staff in determining whether to order a voluntary or mandatory evacuation. The Mayor will provide the evacuation notification. Field officers shall be provided with available information on evacuation routes that are listed within their divisional standing plans under the Single use Plans heading. Field Officers shall also be provided with available information on Safe Refuge Center/Shelter locations and shall provide this information to the public in the course of their assigned duties. Incident commanders may consider utilizing public address systems available on police helicopters, police ground units, motor units, or Department sound trucks should that equipment be available and not tasked with other appropriate or prioritized assignments. Media Relations will work with the Mayors Office and the Fire Departments Public Information Officers, to prepare department approved information for release. Media Relations will issue news advisories for the public and media while having a liaison representative respond to the command post. The LAPD DOC shall provide information to field commanders and exchange information with mutual aid partners, the County Emergency Operations Center and the State Office of Emergency Services through the City EOC according to established protocols.
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The Los Angeles County Office of Emergency Management (OEM), the Los Angeles Sheriffs Department (LASD) and the Los Angeles County Fire Department will receive an immediate notification of all tsunami watches and warnings. Los Angeles County Fire Department will immediately notify LAFD Operations Control Division (OCD) at 213-485-6009 or 213-485-4701. OCD will immediately notify affected Fire Department resources in Battalions 4, 6, 9 and 10 (LAFD Air Operations). In addition, OCD will notify the Fire Chief, Deputy Department Commander, essential Command Staff and other responsible agencies. LAFD Command Staff will communicate with other state and local resources using established communication procedures. LAFD Air Operations would coordinate with LAPD Air Operations to make airborne verbal alerts via helicopter public address systems to notify the public and evacuate the designated inundation areas in the LA Harbor, Venice, and West LA areas. LAFD would also assist in coordinating the evacuation of special needs populations. Internal LAFD communications are accomplished with the Departments 800 mhz radio system. Communications with other City Departments, State and Federal agencies will be coordinated at the Unified Command Post (UCP) and through LAFD Operations Control Division (OCD).

The Los Angeles County Office of Emergency Management (OEM) will receive an immediate notification which will be forwarded to EMD. EMD has various types of communications equipment that can be used by staff and management to ensure accurate information and clear instructions are transmitted even if the primary communications systems are non-operational. Each EMD staff person is issued an office telephone and a cellular telephone. Both are activated with a priority line service. Senior level staff are also issued 800 mhz radios. EMDs primary communication system for EOC activation notification is a voice mail call-out system. This call-out procedure may start by the 311 Operations/Call Center directly contacting either the Assistant General Manager or the next succeeding staff on the departments call out list who will activate EMDs emergency plan. Listed below are all EOO communications devices available and accessible either in the office or EOC: City Satellite Telephone System Operational Area Satellite Information System (OASIS) 800/900 MHZ radio system GETS System 311 Call Center Emergency Alert System (EAS) or other media system
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Voiceover IP Telephones Cellular telephones Ring-down (direct lines) phones Hard wired backup telephone system to 100+ key personnel and sites Fax machines Voice mail system
Please refer to the EOO Master Plan and Procedures for more information on EOC communications equipment and procedures.

LADOT will use its mobile changeable message signs and its mobile broadcaster to inform the public of evacuation/detour routes. LADOT will also post evacuation routes and refuge sites on its Website. LADOT traffic Control Officers assigned to the perimeter and evacuation route intersections will also communicate directly with the public during the evacuation process. LADOT will utilize its 800 mHz radios as well as telephone and computer access to communicate internally with staff.

Various methods of communication with emergency responders and critical employees are routinely practiced in the Department via numerous modern systems. The following are communications systems that are utilized: Telephones Cellular telephones (Nextel two-way and group) Pagers 800/900 MHz radio system Low-band radio system Mobile radio vehicles Fax machines GroupWise e-mail Messengers Ham radio operations Emergency Alert System or other media system Out-of-state 800 voicemail system Park Ranger Communications Center Satellite telephone
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A standard is developed for effective use of each system, particularly radio use, to always strive to be accurate, brief, and clear (ABC) in each communication transmission.

LAAS will co-locate temporary animal shelters in the recreation centers, camps and child care facilities identified by Recreation and Parks as possible shelter locations. LAAS will communicate with RAP, ARC and LAUSD using WebEOC, cell phones, landlines and radio. Department PIO will utilize the Emergency Alert System and other media contacts as the Office of the Mayor designates. LAAS will set up a hotline, including a TTY number for assisting pet owners in locating their shelterbound animal.
Harbor Department
The Los Angeles Harbor Department can communicate internally and with other agencies using a number of different resource methods. These communication resources and protocols are listed below: Primary Communications Modes 3nOnline Notification www.3nOnline.com Or (888) 440-4911 Or Live Operator (877) 220-4911 Employee Telephone Notification System (All Employees) Out of area "800" telephone number (800) 734-7678 Police Communications (TX 452.250 Access Code 3E8, RX 458.250 Access Code 3E9) Astro/Saber Radio System Police Patrol Boat and Port Pilots Astro/Saber Radio System and Marine Radio Internet and email Access Employee Public Address System, Bullhorns, LRAD, Helicopter Assisted with PA System CANS, EAS, PIERS, Dialogic, Electronic Message Boards Landlines 800 MHz Trunk Radio PIER System (Public Information and Emergency Response) Port Police Dispatch Telephonic Notification Ideally there will be enough time for radio and television stations to broadcast the required evacuation information (via the Emergency Alert System).
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The Department of Aging would be a resource for the City in developing a database usable by City evacuation operations entities to identify those older adults who are in the service provider system (such as home-bound frail older adults) and in need of special assistance in the evacuation. The Department of Aging would also be active in alerting impacted Multi-Purpose Centers with information (and activating the pre-set plans) so they can assist the Department and the City in ensuring older adults in the impact areas can be most effectively evacuated.
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SAFE REFUGE CENTERS & SHELTERS

The Department of Recreation and Parks is responsible for the City of Los Angeles Shelter and Welfare of its citizens during times of disaster. The Department operates 123 recreation centers, 7 camps both in and out of the City, and 18 Statelicensed child care facilities throughout the City. Three Therapeutic Recreation sites offer special programs to people with disabilities. Twenty-eight full-time centers are located in all areas of the City, specifically designated for senior citizens. The Department administers more than 15,400 acres of parkland, including 4,217 in Griffith Park, one of the largest municipal parks in the nation. Other large parks in the City are Elysian Park, Harbor Regional Park, Debs Park, and the Sepulveda Basin, which includes Woodley Park. There are three different phases to relocating the public should a tsunami evacuation occur. Phase I of relocation is to a Safe Refuge Center. This is an area were the public can congregate and food and water will be provided for up to 6 hours until the series of tsunami waves have passed. Once it is determined that no more waves are approaching, damage assessment teams will survey the area to estimate the damage. Once it is apparent that no damage has occurred or only limited damage has occurred, unaffected residents would then be allowed to reconstitute or return to their homes. Phase II of the relocation process consists of directing the public that are displaced because of damage to Reception Centers. Reception Center locations are RAP facilities where information can be gathered regarding those affected by the tsunami and people can be assigned shelter locations. Obviously, relatives of these individuals would be inquiring of their whereabouts and the City must have accurate, up-to-date specifics regarding each and everyone that is displaced. In addition, residents with pets would have to register their pets and information regarding them and the shelter they are relocated to would also be logged in a database. This information would be the purpose of Reception Centers. Phase III consists of identifying shelters for displaced residents. After information about each resident if documented, residents are transported to an assigned shelter, either in the City, County or State. All three phases would be coordinated through the City of Los Angeles Emergency Operations Center.
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SAFE REFUGE CENTER & SHELTER MANAGEMENT

The RAP is responsible for training employees who are first responders, meaning those staff members who have field response roles. The Park Ranger Division is regularly assigned in full uniform and marked vehicles to respond to various emergencies in the department, i.e., natural disasters and civil disturbances. The Park Rangers are sworn peace officers and are trained in SEMS and related emergency preparedness subjects based on their duties. RAP coordinates with the American Red Cross (ARC) to provide supplies (food, water, clothing, cots, blankets, etc) and staffing at Safe Refuge Centers and Shelter sites. In addition, RAP coordinates with LAUSD, Salvation Army, Library Department, Housing Department, CDD, CRA, DOD and the Department of Aging to identify additional shelter sites and support.

The LASS is the lead City department responsible for sheltering animals during times of emergency disasters. LASS will determine if Relocation Centers, operated by Department of Recreation and Parks, LAUSD or ARC will allow animals to stay with their owners or it will set up separate but temporary animal shelters nearby. LAAS will staff these shelters with Department staff and animal care volunteers. In addition, within the best of their ability, LASS will determine which public shelters contain service animals and will make reasonable attempts to provide department staff or animal care volunteers to assist with the care of these service animals. LASS Volunteers from non-profit agencies will be coordinated though Emergency Network of Los Angeles (ENLA) and the City of Los Angeles Personnel Department. LAAS will provide animal food and other supplies as necessary and arrange with the Department of General Services (GSD) to obtain water supplies for the animals. LAAS will use collapsible cages of assorted sizes in shelter areas and will order more from vendors, as needed. Safe Refuge Center Procedures Provide animal food, water, and cages for a temporary basis of 6 hours or until it is determined safe for residents to return home.
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Safe Refuge Areas Staffing and Equipment (1) 1 Animal Control Officer (2) 1 Animal Care Technician (3) Several holding cages or vehicles (4) Water and food containers. (5) Receptacle and plastic bags for disposal of animal (service animal) waste. Reception Center Procedures Greeters will direct those evacuees with animals to Animal Services Staging Area. Greeters will identify needs of evacuees with service animals and provide assistance to the best of their abilities. Department employees will register the owners and their animals via paper receipts and animal tagging. Digital photo will be taken with owner and animal for future identification and will be downloaded into Chameleon, which is the Departments animal management database. Master list prepared at intake location with numbering system starting with #1 Service animals will be given a paper receipt, which will allow them access to various locations otherwise off limits to animals. Paper receipt will be in duplicate with one copy being given to the owner and for the LAAS Name of owner and prior address Name and type of animal Medical information that owner is able to provide Department Contact information Animals will be given medical examination at time of intake to verify health of animal. Animals will be temporarily housed in the Departments Mighty Mover and mobile kenneling units until they are transported to the RAP shelters. Animal control vehicles will begin transporting animals to the shelter upon completion of registration. Shelter Center Procedures Animals will be checked in at the time of arrival at the shelters. Registered veterinary technicians will give medical exams and vaccinations.
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Vaccines will be stored in refrigerators. Animals will be then segregated into their designated holding areas. Receipt with animal information will be entered into Chameleon. Chameleon Animal ID Numbers will be written on the corresponding receipt and on the Master List for cross identification. Digital photographs of the respective animal will be downloaded to Chameleon for additional identification.
Shelter Center Staffing and Required Equipment 1 Mighty Mover is available for multiple centers. 1 Tow Vehicle 1 Communications trailer to coordinate activities among all centers. 1 Tow Vehicle 1 Registered Veterinary Technician 3 Animal Care Technicians 2 Animal Control Officers 1 Supervisor 1 Sedan 4 Animal Control Vehicles 4 Animal Control Officers/Animal Care Technicians
Redemption of Animals from Shelters (1) Owner has permanent residency in the City of Los Angeles (a) Owners must provide receipt given at time of reception (b) Licensing and Microchipping will be required (waiving of fees will be the decision of the General Manager and/or Mayor) (c) Sterilization of those unaltered animals will be offered (2) Relocating to City of origin (a) Owners must provide receipt given at time of reception (b) All fees will be waived and animal returned to owner After the Safe Refuge Center assigns the evacuees to the shelter, LASS will transport their animals to a shelter nearby. LASS may use the South Los Angeles Annex as a temporary shelter. If the number of shelters exceeds the Departments staffing plans, the staff at the shelters will consist of one animal control officer supervisor and animal care volunteers, whose number will depend upon the number of animals in their care. Each supervisor will work a 12-hour shift and have shelter security responsibilities. Due to the magnitude of the disaster, the LASS will deploy the services of private kennels as additional shelters.
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Los Angeles Police department (LAPD)

LAPD will support Safe Refuge Centers and Shelter facilities by maintaining law and order as well as providing security and crowd control officers at the various refuge centers and, if necessary, reception and shelter facilities.

LAFD Fire and EMS resources will provide assistance as needed at Safe Refuge Centers and Shelters.

LADOT will conduct traffic management at the refuge sites and at pre-identified bus terminal sites for transporting evacuees to Safe Refuge Centers and Shelter sites.

DOA would support any City entity in providing for the special needs of older adults in event of relocation and any special information and assistance they may need at Safe Refuge Centers and Shelters. In addition, DOA could provide assistance with staffing at these centers for such assistance. DOA could provide information and assistance for educational materials.
Department on Disabilities (DOD)

DOD will assign a staff member to serve as the ADA liaison to the relocation center. When evacuees are checking in, they will be asked if they require any reasonable accommodation or assistance. Once identified, the ADA liaison will be notified immediately to assist.
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EVACUATION TRAVEL
In the event of a local-source tsunami with short-term warning (a short amount of time between the warning and predicted arrival of the tsunami) the majority of evacuation will take place by foot or personal vehicle. If gridlock occurs, foot evacuation may be the only option. All efforts will be made to ensure safe evacuation of people with disabilities and older adults who are physically unable to walk distances. In the event of a long range tsunami, when there is more time to facilitate evacuation, LAPD and LADOT will coordinate the evacuation of the three impacted areas by establishing a perimeter around the inundation zones. LAPD and LADOT will set up officers at various intersections along evacuation routes within the evacuation areas. Transportation for evacuees unable to self-evacuate will be requested at the Unified Command Post and up through the Emergency Operations Center.

Traffic flow will be controlled initially by LAPD and the Department of Transportation (LADOT). As more personnel resources are obtained, traffic flow will transition from an outer perimeter to more developed traffic control within the perimeter. This will be based upon designated streets of egress from the impact area. All ingress into the impact area perimeter will be stopped. It should be noted that once directional traffic is halted, this might contribute to gridlock on the outside of the perimeter and thus further effect the situation. This situation will only be intensified if surrounding cities are not simultaneously activating their plans. The LAPD established the following evacuation routes based on the local area inundation maps. Specific intersections may require personnel to monitor and assist evacuees to pre-identified Safe Refuge Centers.
San Pedro and Wilmington Area

Egress and Ingress Routes for Emergency Responders The California Highway Patrol will regulate the ingress and egress of the Harbor and Long Beach Freeways as listed within their standing plans. The inbound lanes (southbound) lanes of the Harbor and Long Beach Freeways will be restricted for emergency responders. San Pedro Area - The area should evacuate by using northbound and westbound roadways. (See Appendix D). 31
Northbound Gaffey Ave towards The Harbor Gateway Pacific Ave towards the Harbor Freeway or Wilmington Westbound 25th Street towards Western Ave and northbound Western Ave. (Western Ave is approx 200 above sea level and is well out of the inundation zone). Evacuees can also continue W/B 25th Street past Western Ave. Harbor Blvd towards the Harbor Freeway or Wilmington Intersection Staffing Gaffey Ave at Anaheim Street Gaffey Ave at the Harbor Freeway Gaffey Ave at 7th Street Gaffey Ave at 9th Street Gaffey Ave at Paseo Del Mar Pacific Ave at Channel Street Pacific Ave at Front Street Pacific Ave at 7th Street Pacific Ave at 22nd Street 25th Street at Western Ave
Wilmington Area - The area should evacuate by using northbound and westbound roadways. (See Appendix D) Northbound Figueroa Street towards Carson Main Street towards Carson Wilmington Blvd towards Carson Avalon Blvd towards Carson Alameda Blvd towards Carson Westbound Anaheim Street towards the Harbor Freeway Harry Bridges Blvd towards the Harbor Freeway Intersection Staffing Wilmington Blvd at Anaheim Street Avalon Blvd at Anaheim Street Alameda Street at Anaheim Street Terminal Island - The area should evacuate by using northbound, eastbound and westbound roadways. (See Appendix D)
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All lanes on the Vincent Thomas Bridge will be westbound only from Seaside Ave All lanes on the Gerald Desmond Bridge will be east bound only from Seaside Ave All lanes on the Terminal Island Freeway will be northbound only from Seaside Ave. Intersection Staffing Seaside Ave at Henry Ford Ave Seaside Ave and Navy Way
Venice Area
For ease of operation, the involved inundation area within the Venice Area shall be divided into five sectors. Each sector has designated evacuation routes. (See Appendix D) Sector One - The area bordered by Rose Avenue on the north and Venice Boulevard on the south. Stakeholders in this area should evacuate by using the following routes. Rose Avenue away from the coast Brooks Avenue away from the coast Palms Boulevard away from the coast California Avenue away from the coast Victoria Avenue away from the coast Venice Boulevard away from the coast
Sector Two - The area bordered by Venice Boulevard on the north and Washington Boulevard on the south. Stakeholders in this area should evacuate by using the following routes. Venice Boulevard. Northbound Abbott Kinney Boulevard then eastbound Venice Boulevard. Southbound Abbott Kinney Boulevard then eastbound Washington Boulevard. Northbound Ocean Avenue then eastbound Venice Boulevard. Southbound Ocean Avenue then eastbound Washington Boulevard.
Sector Three - The area is bordered by Washington Boulevard on the north and Ballona Creek on the south. Stakeholders in this area should evacuate by using the following routes. Eastbound Maxella Avenue
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Mindanao Avenue to eastbound Short Avenue Eastbound Glencoe Avenue.
Sector Three encompasses Marina Del Rey. This is the jurisdiction of the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department. Although not directly within the inundation zone, Los Angeles residents living east of Lincoln Boulevard, north of the Ballona Creek Channel, and south of the Marina Freeway, shall evacuate eastbound to the Marina Freeway. This area is adjacent to the inundation zone. Sector Four - The area is bordered by Lincoln Boulevard on the west, the Ballona Creek Channel on the North, the Westchester bluffs on the south (Jefferson Blvd. for practical sense), and the 405 Freeway on the east. Stakeholders in this area should evacuate by using the following routes. Jefferson Boulevard to the 405 Freeway and Sepulveda Boulevard.
Sector Five - The area bordered by Lincoln Boulevard on the east and the Ballona Creek Channel on the North. Actually, the Westchester Bluffs on the south (Jefferson and Culver Blvds. for practical sense). Stakeholders in this area should evacuate by using the following routes Southbound Nicholson Avenue. Southbound Vista Del Mar to the Vista Del Mar Bluffs (located above the tsunami impact zone)
West Los Angeles

Stakeholders in this area should evacuate by using the following routes. (See Appendix D) Sunset Boulevard away from the coast. Temescal Canyon Drive away from the coast. Chautauqua Boulevard away from the coast.

One of the primary responsibilities of the LAFD is the coordination of transportation for people with mobility disabilities, medical and health facility patients if needed, nursing homes if needed, older adults and other special needs populations, including service animals. However, LAFD will share this responsibility with numerous City 34
and County agencies to include; the LAPD, Department of Aging, Department on Disabilities, LADOT, MTA and private ambulance companies and possibly paratranist providers. Non-ambulatory persons will require a significant commitment of man-power and specialized vehicles to assist in removal from the inundation zone.

LADOTs Transit Division has access to charter buses through existing contracts with private companies that can be used to transport evacuees from border terminals to refuge sites. The plan will include maps identifying traffic control checkpoints, access control points and contingency measures. Traffic flow will be controlled with traffic management plans implemented by the Special Traffic Operations Division and the Bureau of Parking Enforcement. In addition, LADOT will coordinate with all other mass transit agencies (MTA, etc.) participating and assisting with the evacuation.

Transportation of animals will be accomplished using animal control trucks and trailers equipped with many cages, e.g., Mighty Mover. Animal Services will work with GSD Logistics to obtain vehicle fuel, emergency supplies and water during the emergency. Shelters will contact local pet food suppliers to obtain food for dogs, cats and exotic animals. Animal Services will provide animal control trucks to assist families in their evacuation of their pets if they cant bring them to the safe refuge/relocation areas.
Harbor Department
Harbor Department employees will evacuate the tsunami inundation zone using the routes established by LAPD. If instructed, employees will use their personal vehicles or Harbor Department vehicles to evacuate. Merchant Vessels are controlled by the United States Coast Guard. They will determine whether Merchant Vessels shall evacuate the area or not. The Los Angeles Port Police will request that owners of Recreational Vessels evacuate the area by land. The Port Police will not prohibit Recreational Vessels from getting underway to sea, but they will encourage evacuation via land either by car or foot. Vessels setting out to sea will be encouraged to move to deep water of a depth of 600 feet or greater. (The majority of the Recreational Vessels moored in the marinas of the Port of Los Angeles are not live aboards and normally don't have people leaving in them.)
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PUBLIC INFORMATION and EDUCATION

Public information dissemination is central to the effectiveness of this plan. Key points are short and long term or continual public education. This will be accomplished by: Media support. Brochures distributed through mass mailings to all residents and business owners in the impacted areas as well as to schools and other public offices. Regional Council offices to be included in information dissemination. Tsunami information is to be discussed at community meetings hosted or participated by the Department. Senior Lead Officers are central to this. Utilization of Block Captains and community web sites. Use of the Departments and Pacific Areas web site. Department community groups, including CPAB and Police Boosters should be instrumental in spreading Tsunami preparedness information. Involvement of various community groups, including housing associations and real estate organizations. Tsunami exercises involving public entities, including the Police Department, the Fire Department, and the Department of Transportation, should be widely publicized.

Emergency Management Department has developed an informational brochure on tsunami preparedness and response procedures. EMD will distribute this brochure to residents, business owners, schools and other facilities in the tsunami inundation zones of the City. In addition, they will be distributed at community outreach events, at all City public counters at council offices, and various other means as mentioned above to educate the public. The brochures will explain what people should do to prepare for a tsunami, what to do when a Tsunami Warning is issued and how they should react when they feel a large earthquake while in an inundation zone. It will include the following: Why to evacuate Where to go How to get there What to take Public transportation Instructions for people with disabilities Security in the evacuated areas Provisions for pets Provisions for Service Animals 36
How to keep informed Who to contact for additional information How to return
The brochures will be sent to three areas of the City that could be impacted by a tsunami. These areas are: West Los Angeles Area Venice Area Harbor Area
Maps of each of these areas will be printed in color on the reverse sides of the brochures. These will be mailed to each respective area in the City. The maps will show the inundation area, evacuation routes, and Safe Refuge Center locations for that particular area.

The DOD has provided various forms of training to people with disabilities (PWDs) on emergency preparedness. Thousands of Emergency Preparedness for People with Disabilities manuals have been distributed Citywide in English, Spanish and Braille. With the help of the Citys Channel 35 cable station, a hour segment was produced on the topic of Emergency Preparedness for PWDs: it is shown on a varying schedule on Channel 35. Brochures on tsunami preparedness can be accessed at all DOD public counters.

DOA provides telephone Information and assistance services to seniors requesting information about available community resources and/or referral to a particular service program or agency. Information on disaster preparedness, for tsunamis and other disasters, can be distributed through this service. DOA also has sixteen Multipurpose Senior Citizen Centers (MPCs) throughout the City of Los Angeles. These centers serve as community focal points for senior services. Information regarding tsunami preparedness and other disaster topics, as well as other senior services, can be disseminated to seniors through these MPCs. These sites also offer housing information, case management, transportation, legal and other services. Brochures on tsunami preparedness can be accessed at all DOA Senior Centers and public counters.
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Animal Services presently distributes a public information guide on an Animal Disaster Kit. This kit includes having a picture of animal, current vaccination records, family veterinarian contact information, having a portable vari-kennel, food (special diet) and water. It recommends that cats and dogs are leashed and kennel trained, and horses are trailer trained. It also encourages citizens to plan to house their animal away from their home. Animal Services will provide specific information and direction during a tsunami evacuation on the EAS, radio and television. In addition, animal shelter location and specific information will be provided on the Animal Services website and by phone using the Citys 311 system.

Maps identifying pre-designated accessible mass transit transportation hubs, located at the perimeter of the secure zones, will be distributed to all within the tsunami areas.
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PUBLIC SAFETY
In keeping with the Departments mission, LAPD will provide law enforcement/ security in and around all identified tsunami inundation zone areas. Support the orderly movement of evacuees to Reception Centers. Mobil field units will be utilized to maintain order and public confidence, prevent civil disorder, and escort emergency response units. The Department will work in conjunction with the Los Angeles Park and Recreation Police/Rangers, the Los Angeles Department of General Services, Office of Public Safety, and the Los Angeles Unified School Police to provide security at Safe Refuge Centers, Reception Centers, and Shelters. The Department will commence and assume this responsibility as necessary. Facilitate and work in support of other emergency response departments and other agencies to provide safety to emergency workers in response and rescue efforts. Airships shall be utilized and air coordinators will restrict the air space over the emergency area and ensure private aircraft are aware of the restrictions as well as support the land, air and sea perimeter. In addition, air operations will assist in gathering situation impact data in the inundation area and give current updates.
LAPD - Harbor Area The Incident Commander shall determine incident objectives, strategies and immediate priorities. In addition, establish an appropriate organization and identify an appropriate command post and staging location in accordance with existing guidelines and Area Standing Plans. The Incident Commander shall also ensure notification is made to the appropriate responding agencies . Locations shall be chosen based upon the availability and appropriateness under current conditions. Primary consideration may be given to Angels Gate Park in the Harbor Area. Additionally, West LA and Pacific Areas may collocate their CP location and unify command, should the Incident Commander(s) deem this action appropriate. Contact information of agencies located in and around Harbor area is listed below. Law Enforcement Agencies LAPD RACR Division (213) 978-6500 LAPD Watch Commander- Harbor Area (310) 233-7240 Long Beach Police Department- Watch Commander (562) 570-9600
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Los Angeles Port Police Department- Dispatch (310) 732-3500 Long Beach Harbor Patrol- Dispatch (562) 590-4185 Los Angeles School Police Department (213) 625-6631 Department of Defense- Watch Commander (310) 363-2124
Vessel Traffic/ Security of the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach United States Coast Guard- 24-hour Operations, (310) 732-2045 Traffic Security California Highway Patrol- South LA, Watch Commander (310) 5163360 Medical/ Search and Rescue/ Hazmat Los Angeles Fire Department- Battalion-6 Dispatch (213) 485-6099 Long Beach Fire Department- Headquarters (562) 570-2500 Intelligence Federal Bureau of Investigations- Long Beach (562) 432-6951 United States Customs and Immigration (800) 973-2867 Los Angeles County Sheriffs Department- Emergency Operations Bureau (323) 980-2080 LAPD Pacific Area The Incident Commander shall determine incident objectives, strategies and immediate priorities. In addition, establish an appropriate organization and identify an appropriate command post and staging location in accordance with existing guidelines and Area Standing Plans. The Incident Commander shall ensure notification is made to the appropriate responding agencies. Locations shall be chosen based upon the availability and appropriateness under current conditions. Primary consideration may be given to LAFD Fire Station #5 in the Pacific Area. Additionally, West LA and Harbor Areas may collocate their CP location and unify command, should the Incident Commander(s) deem this action appropriate. Contact information of agencies located in and around the Pacific Area is listed below. Law Enforcement Agencies LAPD RACR Division (213) 978-6500 LAPD Pacific Area Watch Commander - (310) 482-6334 LASD Marina del Rey Station (310) 823-7762 Santa Monica Police Department (310) 458-8451 Los Angeles School Police Department (213) 625-6631 Traffic Security 40
California Highway Patrol - West LA, Watch Commander (310) 6423926
Medical/ Search and Rescue/ Hazmat Los Angeles Fire Department - Dispatch (213) 485-6185 Intelligence Federal Bureau of Investigations- Long Beach (562) 432-6951 United States Customs and Immigration (800) 973-2867 Los Angeles County Sheriffs Department- Emergency Operations Bureau (323) 980-2080 LAPD West Los Angeles Area The Incident Commander shall determine incident objectives, strategies and immediate priorities. In addition, establish an appropriate organization and identify an appropriate command post and staging location in accordance with existing guidelines and Area Standing Plans. The Incident Commander shall ensure notification is made to the appropriate responding agencies. Locations shall be chosen based upon the availability and appropriateness under current conditions. Primary consideration may be given to LAFD Fire Station #23 in the West Los Angeles Area. Additionally, Harbor and Pacific Areas may collocate their CP location and unify command, should the Incident Commander(s) deem this action appropriate. Contact information of agencies located in and around the West Los Angeles area is listed below. Law Enforcement Agencies LAPD RACR Division (213) 978-6500 LAPD West Los Angeles Area Watch Commander - (310) 4796128 Santa Monica Police Department (310) 458-8451 LASD Lost Hills (Malibu) Station (818) 878-1808 Los Angeles School Police Department (213) 625-6631 Traffic Security California Highway Patrol - West LA, Watch Commander (310) 642-3926 Medical/ Search and Rescue/ Hazmat Los Angeles Fire Department - Dispatch (213) 485-6185 Intelligence Federal Bureau of Investigations- Long Beach (562) 432-6951 United States Customs and Immigration (800) 973-2867 41
Los Angeles County Sheriffs Department- Emergency Operations Bureau (323) 980-2080

LAFD will provide fire protection, rescue and medical aid in evacuated and relocated areas.

Park Rangers in the field, the Park Ranger Watch Commander, supervisors, and employees in the field initially provide situation assessment. Los Angeles Police or Fire Department personnel as necessary may also provide situation assessment. Once Safe Refuge Centers and Shelters have been activated, security will be provided by LAPD and General Services Police Department. The Department of Recreation and Parks employs heavy equipment operators to drive vehicles such as dump trucks, water tank trucks, bulldozers, and skip loaders during routine maintenance duties at City parks. These employees and vehicles could be made available to transport equipment and supplies where needed during a disaster.
Harbor Department
The Port Police and the Harbor Department will coordinate with all public safety agencies within the affected and surrounding areas.

Animal Services will provide animal control trucks to assist families to evacuate their pets if they cant bring them to the safe refuge/relocation areas.
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EVACUATION of SPECIAL POPULATIONS and HEALTH FACILITIES

LAFD will be the lead City agency to coordinate a program for transporting people with mobility disabilities, medical and health facility patients, nursing home patients, older adults and other special needs populations. However, due to the limited availability of LAFD resources, preparation and self-sufficiency by the affected facilities will be paramount. Outreach will be necessary to ensure that all medical facilities within the inundation zone have a plan for evacuation, transportation and relocation of patients under their care. LAFD will share this responsibility with numerous City and County agencies to include LAPD, Department of Aging, and Department on Disabilities, MTA, private ambulance companies and possibly paratransit providers. Non-ambulatory persons will require a significant commitment of man-power and specialized vehicles to assist in removal from the inundation zone.

LAPD will assist the LAFD, LADOT, and other support agencies to ensure that all medical and public health facilities within the inundation zones have a plan for evacuation, transportation and relocation of patients under their care. As the warning time frame permits, officers performing tsunami alert notifications will also alert the homeless and alert the evacuation mechanism or means most appropriate for them. This may in fact be the clergy help group or transportation sponsored by the Department of Transportation.

The City of Los Angeles has direct evacuation resources for special populations, such as evacuation chairs; however, these are assigned to City facilities and cannot be removed for field operations without interfering with internal safety. DOD can ensure the creation of tsunami-specific evacuation information in formats accessible to special populations. Information can be posted on the Update LA website (and the DOD and EMD sites as well) in both print, large print and in audio files. Braille documents can be printed by General Services. Information can also be given to 311, for use by voice or by TDD.
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Through its Auxiliary Aids and Services unit, DOD can provide: sign language interpreters, oral-interpreting services; qualified readers; TDD devices; audio listening device systems; real-time captioning services; taped texts; audio recording; Braille and large print materials; and other effective methods of making written and visually represented information accessible to individuals with visual impairments. Some Auxiliary Aids and Services can be utilized in the field to facilitate evacuations. The DOD Computerized Information Center (CIC) provides information on and referral to critical services offered throughout the greater Los Angeles area. In addition, the CIC track client referrals to ensure that appropriate services are being provided. Information on tsunami preparedness, evacuation routes and other disaster topics can be provided through the CIC. SNAP (see below) and the Department of Water and Power (DWP) will have information specific to special populations and their locations within the City of Los Angeles. DWP data may possibly be accessed through a request of Emergency Operations Board (EOB) and/or the Office of the Mayor. The Metropolitan Transit Authority (MTA) and Access Services can be used to evacuate people with disabilities and special needs. It is recommended that they be brought into the planning process of the Tsunami evacuation plan. Tsunami preparedness brochures are available at all DOD public counters to help special needs populations prepare for self initiated evacuation. A family emergency plan should be developed by all residents of the impacted areas.
Special Needs Assistance Planning (SNAP) Project

City Departments are collaborating with the County of Los Angeles and the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Center for Neighborhood Knowledge to develop an interactive, geographic information system (GIS) database locating all special needs facilities and resources that provide services to people with disabilities. Phase I and Phase II of this project consisted of developing and populating the database. Phase III of the project would involve the creation of a voluntary registry to identify individuals who may need assistance during an evacuation. The system will be linked to the Citys WebEOC, as well as LA Countys EOC database, the Emergency Management Information System (EMIS). When all three phases are complete, emergency managers in the City and County will have comprehensive and detailed information on the location of Special Needs Populations for both emergency planning and tactical operations.
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LADOT will assist in LAFD in the coordination of transportation of people with mobility disabilities, medical and health facility patients, nursing home patients, older adults and other special needs populations.
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APPENDICES
APPENDIX A: APPENDIX B: APPENDIX C: APPENDIX D: APPENDIX E: APPENDIX F: APPENDIX G: APPENDIX H: APPENDIX I: APPENDIX J: APPENDIX K: APPENDIX L: APPENDIX M: APPENDIX N: APPENDIX O: APPENDIX P: ACRONYMS AND TSUNAMI TERMINOLOGY TSUNAMI TERMINOLOGY TSUNAMI INUNDATION AREA MAPS LAPD TSUNAMI EVACUATION MAPS
(Based on the areas indicated in the Tsunami Response Plan Annex)
POTENTIAL SHELTER SITE LOCATIONS IN IMPACTED AREA TSUNAMI KEY CONTACT PHONE LIST SAMPLE WARNING CENTER TSUNAMI ALERT SAMPLE EDIS TSUNAMI INFORMATION BULLETIN SAMPLE EDIS TSUNAMI WATCH / WARNING SAMPLE BRIEFING FORMAT SAMPLE TSUNAMI WATCH BRIEFING SAMPLE TSUNAMI WARNING BRIEFING SAMPLE TSUNAMI CANCELLATION BRIEFING SAMPLE MEDIA RELEASE MESSAGE 1 SAMPLE MEDIA RELEASE MESSAGE 2 SAMPLE EVACUATION ORDERS
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APPENDIX A ACRONYMS
ARC CALWAS CAO CEOC CISN CLERS CLETS CSWC DOC DOD DHS DIRP DMH DPSS DPW EAS ECC EDIS EMIS EOB EOC ESP ETA FAR FEMA GIS HazMat ICS ISD JIC km LCES MAC MCI MTA NAWAS NIMS NOAA NTHMP NWS NWWS American Red Cross California Alert and Warning System Chief Administrative Office County Emergency Operations Center California Integrated Seismic Network (CISN) California Law Enforcement Radio System California Law Enforcement Telecommunications (Teletype) System California State Warning Center Department Operations Center Department on Disabilities, City of Los Angeles Department of Health Services Disaster Information Reporting Procedures Department of Mental Health Department of Social Services Department of Public Works Emergency Alert System Los Angeles County Fire Emergency Command and Control Center Emergency Digital Information System Emergency Management Information System Emergency Operations Bureau Emergency Operations Center Emergency Survival Program Estimated time of arrival Finance, Administration and Recovery Federal Emergency Management Agency Geographic Information Systems Hazardous Materials Incident Command System Internal Services Department Joint Information Center kilometer Lookout, Communication, Escape Route, and Safe Zone Medical Alert Center Mass Casualty Incident Metropolitan Transportation Authority National Alert and Warning System National Incident Management System National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program National Weather Service National Weather Wire Service
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OA OA ERP OASIS OEM OES PA PIO PTWC PWD REOC SCC SCEC SEMS SOC SOP WC/ATWC
Operational Area Operational Area Emergency Response Plan OA Satellite Information System Office of Emergency Management California Office of Emergency Services Public Address Public Information Officer Pacific Tsunami Warning Center Person with Disability Regional Emergency Operations Center (OES) Sheriffs Department Communications Center Southern California Earthquake Center Standardized Emergency Management System State Operations Center Standard Operating Procedures West Coast/Alaska Tsunami Warning Center
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APPENDIX B TSUNAMI TERMINOLOGY

Amplitude: The rise above or drop below the ambient water level as read on a tide gauge. Arrival Time: Time of arrival, usually of the first wave of the tsunami, at a particular location. Bathymetry: The measurement of the depths of oceans, seas, etc.
Bore: Traveling wave with an abrupt vertical front or wall of water. Under certain conditions, the leading edge of a tsunami wave may form a bore as it approaches and runs onshore. A bore may also be formed when a tsunami wave enters a river channel, and may travel upstream penetrating to a greater distance inland than the general inundation. CREST: Consolidated Reporting of Earthquakes and Tsunamis. A project funded through the Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Federal/State Working Group to upgrade regional seismic networks in Alaska, Washington, Oregon, California, and Hawaii and to provide real-time seismic information from these networks and the United States National Seismic Network to the tsunami warning centers. ETA: Estimated Time of Arrival. Computed arrival time of the first tsunami wave at coastal communities after a specific earthquake has occurred. First Motion: Initial motion of the first wave. A rise in the water level is denoted by R, a fall by F. Free Field Offshore Profile: A profile of the wave measured far enough offshore so that it is unaffected by interference from harbor and shoreline effects. Harbor Resonance: The continued reflection and interference of waves from the edge of a harbor or narrow bay. This interference can cause amplification of the wave heights and extend the duration of wave activity from a tsunami. Horizontal Inundation Distance: The distance that a tsunami wave penetrates onto the shore. Measured horizontally from the mean sea level position of the water's edge, it is usually measured as the maximum distance for a particular segment of the coast. Inundation: The depth, relative to a stated reference level, to which a particular location is covered by water. Inundation area: An area that is flooded with water.
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Inundation Line (limit): The inland limit of wetting, measured horizontally from the edge of the coast, defined by mean sea level. Leading-Depression Wave: Initial tsunami wave is a trough, causing a draw down of water level. Leading-Positive Wave: Initial tsunami wave is a crest, causing a rise in water level. Also called a leading-elevation wave. Local/Regional Tsunami: Source of the tsunami is within 1000 km of the area of interest. Local or near-field tsunami has a very short travel time (30 minutes or less); mid-field or regional tsunami waves have travel times on the order of 30 minutes to 2 hours. Note: "Local" tsunami is sometimes used to refer to a tsunami of landslide origin. Maremoto: Spanish term for tsunami. Marigram: Tide gauge recording showing wave height as a function of time. Marigraph: The instrument which records wave height. MLLW: Mean Lower Low Water. The average low tide water elevation often used as a reference to measure run-up. Ms: Surface Wave Magnitude. Magnitude of an earthquake as measured from the amplitude of seismic surface waves. Often referred to by the media as "Richter" magnitude. Mw: Moment Magnitude. Magnitude based on the size and characteristics of the fault rupture, and determined from long-period seismic waves. It is a better measure of earthquake size than surface wave magnitude, especially for very large earthquakes. Calibrated to agree on average with surface wave magnitudes for earthquakes less than magnitude 7.5. Normal Earthquake: An earthquake caused by slip along a sloping fault where the rock above the fault moves downward relative to the rock below. Period: The length of time between two successive peaks or troughs. Periods may vary due to complex interference of waves. Tsunami periods generally range from 5 to 60 minutes. Run-up: Maximum height of the water onshore observed above a reference sea level. Usually measured at the horizontal inundation limit. Seiche: An oscillating wave (also referred to as a seismic seawave) in a partially or fully enclosed body of water. May be initiated by long period seismic waves, wind and water waves, or a tsunami.
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Strike-Slip Earthquake: An earthquake caused by horizontal slip along a fault. Teletsunami: Source of the tsunami is more than 1000 km (~621 miles) away from area of interest. Also called a distant-source or far-field tsunami. Travel time is greater than 2 hours. Thrust Earthquake: Earthquake caused by slip along a gently sloping fault where the rock above the fault is pushed upward relative to the rock below. The most common type of earthquake source of damaging tsunamis. Tidal Wave: Common term for tsunami used in older literature, historical descriptions, and popular accounts. Tides, caused by the gravitational attractions of the sun and moon, may increase or decrease the impact of a tsunami, but have nothing to do with their generation or propagation. However, most tsunamis (initially) give the appearance of a fast-rising or fast-ebbing tide as they approach shore, and only rarely appear as a near-vertical wall of water. Travel Time: Time (usually measured in hours and tenths of hours) that it took the tsunami to travel from the source to a particular location. Tsunami: A Japanese term derived from the characters "tsu" meaning harbor and "nami" meaning wave. Now generally accepted by the international scientific community to describe a series of traveling waves in water produced by the displacement of the sea floor associated with submarine earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or landslides. Tsunami Earthquake: A tsunamigenic earthquake which produces a much larger tsunami than expected for its magnitude. Tsunamigenic Earthquake: Any earthquake which produces a measurable tsunami. Tsunami Magnitude: A number that characterizes the strength of a tsunami based on the tsunami wave amplitudes. Several different tsunami magnitude determination methods have been proposed.
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City of Los Angeles

Emergency Operations Master Plans And Procedures

Tsunami Response Plan Annex

January 10, 2008

City of Los Angeles

Tsunami Response Plan Annex

Adopted: January 10, 2008

City of Los Angeles

Tsunami Response Plan Annex

Adopted: January 10, 2008

City of Los Angeles

Tsunami Response Plan Annex

Adopted: January 10, 2008

City of Los Angeles

Tsunami Response Plan Annex

Adopted: January 10, 2008

City of Los Angeles

Tsunami Response Plan Annex

Adopted: January 10, 2008

City of Los Angeles

Tsunami Response Plan Annex

Adopted: January 10, 2008

Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD)

Los Angeles Fire Department (LAFD)

Emergency Management Department (EMD)

Los Angeles Department of Transportation (LADOT)

Los Angeles Department of Recreation and Parks (RAP)

Los Angeles Department of Animal Services (LAAS)

Department on Disability (DOD)

Department of Aging (DOA)

ALERT and NOTIFICATION

Pacific Ocean Tsunami Alert System

CA State OES Warning Center

OES Southern Region

Los Angeles County Operational Area

Tsunami Communication Test

Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD)

Los Angeles Fire Department (LAFD)

Emergency Management Department (EMD)

Los Angeles Department of Transportation (LADOT)

Los Angeles Department of Recreation and Parks (RAP)

Los Angeles Department of Animal Services (LAAS)

Department of Aging (DOA)

SAFE REFUGE CENTERS & SHELTERS

SAFE REFUGE CENTER & SHELTER MANAGEMENT

Los Angeles Department of Animal Services (LAAS)

Los Angeles Police department (LAPD)

Los Angeles Fire Department (LAFD)

Los Angeles Department of Transportation (LADOT)

Department of Aging (DOA)

Department on Disabilities (DOD)

Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD)

San Pedro and Wilmington Area

Mindanao Avenue to eastbound Short Avenue Eastbound Glencoe Avenue.

West Los Angeles

Los Angeles Fire Department (LAFD)

Los Angeles Department of Transportation (LADOT)

Los Angeles Department of Animal Services (LAAS)

PUBLIC INFORMATION and EDUCATION

Emergency Management Department (EMD)

Department on Disability (DOD)

Department of Aging (DOA)

Los Angeles Department of Animal Services (LAAS)