Liezel Ann Esteban BSN III-A2 Classification Partial Type of Seizure Simple Description Consciousness remains intact

SEIZURES Manifestation Medical Management With motor Anticonvulsants symptoms With special sensory or somatosensory symptoms With autonomic symptoms Compound forms

December 6, 2012 Nursing Management record the patients behavior postictally evaluate motor strength, patients ability to speak and remember, and orientation keep the patient safe record the actual seizure event as it progresses Refrain from high risk activities such as operating a motor vehicle keep the patient safe record the actual seizure event as it progresses Turn head to reduce aspiration Prevent injury but do not

Partial

Complex

Consciousness is impaired

With cognitive symptoms With affective symptoms With psychosensory symptoms With psychomotor symptoms (automatisms) Compound forms

Anticonvulsants

 restrain

Do not open mouth Generalized Absence results from identifiable disorders such as birth injuries or acute febrile infections brief periods of altered consciousness from five to 30 sec resembles daydreaming staring, trance-like state during which he is unresponsive and unaware of his surroundings fumbling movements with his hands, and there may also be eyelid fluttering, lip smacking, or chewing motions confused for a short time after regaining consciousness sudden brief
ketogenic diet sodium

valproate or ethosuximide Lamotrigine monotherapy

Generalized

Myoclonic

can occur a couple

anti-epileptic drugs

Psychosocial

times but do not last throughout the patients life

jerks or twitches of arms and legs

e.g. sodium channel blocker, GABA receptor agonist anticonvulsant therapy surgery

Generalized

Tonic clonic

> affects the entire brain > most commonly associated with epilepsy and seizures in general

loss of consciousness body stiffening shaking sometimes loss of bladder control biting your tongue

vagal nerve

stimulation
anticonvulsant

therapy
ketogenic diet

Generalized

Tonic

~brief seizures (usually <60 seconds) consisting of the sudden onset of increased tone in the extensor muscles

stiffening of the muscles,gene rally those in your back, arms and legs May cause you to fall to the ground.

vagal nerve

stimulation
anticonvulsant

therapy
ketogenic diet

adjustment to seizure dx Encourage education about dx Place in bed with side rails up and Padded Place on side Monitor for Confusion Postictal excitement Turn head to reduce aspiration Prevent injury but do not restrain Do not open mouth Loosen clothing around neck Provide privacy Remain with patient Monitor time and sequence of seizure record the patients behavior postictally evaluate motor strength, patients ability to speak and remember, and orientation

 keep the patient

safe
record the actual

seizure event as it progresses Maintain airway during seizure

Generalized

atonic

~brief lapse in muscle tone that are caused by temporary alterations in brain funct ion ~The seizures are brief usually less than fifteen seconds

lose normal muscle tone and suddenly collapse or fall down

medical treatment e.g. clonazepam vagal nerve stimulation ketogenic diet

Loosen clothing around neck Provide privacy Remain with patient Monitor time and sequence of Seizure Monitor for confusion postictal excitement Place in bed with side rails up and padded

References Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures. (n.d.). Retrieved from Medscape Reference: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1184608-overview Smeltzer, S., Bare, B., Hinkle, J., & Cheever, K. (2010). Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing. New York: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Types of Seizures. (n.d.). Retrieved from John Hopkins Medicine: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/neurology_neurosurgery/specialty_areas/epilepsy/seizures/types/index.html