Faculty of Engineering

Department
Of
Electrical & Electronic Engineering
EEE 3100
Electrical & Electronic Technology

Lab 10: DC Analysis for Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT)

Name: NOOR SUHAIDA GALIP

Matric No: 140007
Lecturer: PN RIBHAN ZAFIRA ABDUL RAHMAN

TABLE OF CONTENT:

PAGES:

1. TITLE 1
 2. OBJECTIVE 1

3. EQUIPMENTS & COMPONENTS 1

4. RESULT 3

5. DISCUSSION 5

6. CONCLUSION 6

7. REFERENCES 6

8. APPENDIX 7

LAB 10: DC Analysis for Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT).

OBJECTIVE: To determine operational range of a BJT.

EQUIPMENTS & COMPONENTS:

1) Resistors
1
 2) Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT)

3) Capacitor

4) Function generator

5) Multimeter

6) Oscilloscope

7) Connecting wires

RESULT
1. Transistor diagram and its symbol.

Simple circuit using a transistor

2
 Schematic symbols for PNP- and NPN-type BJT.

2. By using a multimeter,

a) IB = 47.7 mA

b) IC = 5.34 mA

c) VCE = 0.426 V

d) VB = 12.63 V

e) VC = 11.60 V

f) VBC = 1.03 V

3. Example calculation:

VCC = IBRB + VBE

IB = VCC - VBE

RB

= 12 – 0.7

270

= 41.85 µA

IC = β IB

= 110 (41.85 µA)

= 4.6035 mA

VCC = ICRC + VCE

VCE = 12 – (4.6035 mA) (2.2 k)

3
 = 1.87 V

VC = VCE = 1.87 V

VB = VBE = 0.7 V

VBC = 0.7 – 1.87 = - 1.17 V

DISCUSSION
The BJT is the most common transistor. It consists of three sections of
semiconductors: an emitter, a base and a collector. In an npn-type BJT, the
emitter and the collector are made of n-type semiconductors and the base is
made of a p- type semiconductor. In a pnp-type BJT, it is the other way
round. The three sections of a BJT form two p-n junctions: the emitter-base
junction and the collector-base junction. Individually, these junctions are not
different from the p-n junction in a diode. The unique characteristics of the
BJT originate from an interaction between these two junctions.

The operating mode of a BJT depends on how its junctions are biased.
The BJT is biased to operate in the active mode in applications where it is
used as an amplifier. In the cut-off and saturation modes, the BJT behaves
like an open and closed switch, respectively. Most BJTs in digital circuits (logic
gates, memory) operate in these two modes. The reverse active mode is
rarely used and is listed here for reference.

In a typical transistor circuit, the transistor is connected to an input

circuit and an output circuit or load. (Additional components are often
necessary to bias the BJT.) One of the terminals of the BJT (E, B or C) is
connected to both the input and the output circuit. The configuration of a BJT
4
in a circuit is named after this common terminal. Thus, we speak of common-
emitter, common-base and common-collector configurations.

Schematic symbols for PNP- and NPN-type BJTs

CONCLUSION
From this experiment, we are able to determine operational range of
bipolar junction transistor (BJT).

APPENDIX

1) Resistors

2) Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT)

3) Capacitor

5
 4) Function generator

5) Multimeter

6) Oscilloscope

7) Connecting wires

REFERENCES
1. Lab manual EEE3100.

2. Giorgio Rizzoni, Principle and Applications of Electrical Engineering,

McGraw Hill, fourth edition.