Improved Common Ion Chart for AP Chemistry

Fellow AP Chem students, Here is a better-organized version of the COMMON ION CHART we received as part of our summer assignment. I made this chart in order to make studying and memorizing these ions easier by (a) helping you understand how many of the ions included in the chart are related and (b) allowing you to separate the ion categories you may already know (such as those with charges determined by group number) from those you may not. Here are a few notes: 1. If a charge is listed without a minus symbol, it is supposed to be positive. (I tried including the +, but Excel would delete it.) 2. I have omitted the oxidized polyatomic ions that are further-oxidized or further-reduced forms of the same ion (e.g. sulfite has been omitted because its a reduced form of sulfate, and sulfate is included). Thus 3. dont forget the rules for how nomenclature changes as the number of oxygen atoms increases/decreases. 4. Feel free to share this chart with whomever youd like. Enjoy your year. And dont forget that CHEMISTRY IS AWESOME, WHOO!

Alkali Metal (G1) Ions Ion Charge Cesium (Cs) Hydrogen (H) Lithuim (Li) 1 Potassium (K) Rubidium (Rb) Sodium (Na) Alkaline Earth Metal (G2) Ions Ion Charge Barium (Ba) Beryllium (Be) 2 Calcium (Ca) Magnesium (Mg) Strontium (Sr) Group 3 Metal Ions Ion Charge Aluminum (Al) 3 Gallium (Ga) Group 5 Ions Ion Nitride (N) Phosphide (P) Group 6 Ions Ion Oxide (O) Sulfide (S) Charge -2 Charge -3

Halogen (G7) Ions Ion Bromide (Br) Chloride (Cl) Fluoride (F) Iodide (I) Charge -1

Single-Valence Transition Metals Ion Charge 1 Silver (Ag) Nickel (Ni) 2 Zinc (Zn)
Multi-Valence Elements Element Valences Hydrogen (H) -1 ("Hydride"),1 Mercury (Hg) 1 (exists as Hg2,charge 2+), 2 Copper (Cu) 1, 2 Chromium (Cr) Cobalt (Co) 2, 3 Iron (Fe) Lead (Pb) 2, 4 Tin (Sn)

Carbon Chain Ions Ion Charge Acetate (C2H3O2) -1 Oxalate (C2O4) -2

Other Polyatomic Ions Ion Charge Ammonium (NH4) 1 Cyanide (CN) -1 Hydroxide (OH) Thiocyanide (SCN) Peroxide (O2) -2

Oxyanions Ion Chlorate (ClO3)* Bromate (BrO3)* Iodate (IO3)* Nitrate (NO3)* Permanganate (MnO4) Carbonate (CO3)* Bicarbonate (HCO3) Chromate (CrO4) Dichromate (Cr2O7) Silicate (SiO3) Thiosulfate (S 2O3) Sulfate (SO4)* Bisulfate (HSO4)* Arsenate (AsO4) Phosphate (PO4)* Hydrogen phosphate (HPO4) Dihydro. phosphate (H2PO4)

Charge

-1
* = Can be oxidized/reduced further (like in perchlorate, chlorite, hypochlorite, etc.). The charge of the ion as a whole remains the same despite any such oxidation/reduction.

-2 -1

-2

-1 -3 -2 -1