Work Plan re: International Efforts to Fight Terrorist Financing

Key Issues

I. Pre-9/11

A. Who took the lead internationally

1. US, foreign governments, multi-lateral organizations
2. If the US was not the leader, why not?
a. To what extent did other diplomatic concerns intervene (e.g., oil, Israeli-
Palestinian)
b. Executive vs. legislative
3. Was the focus on cash and/or non-cash financing
i - % '". >.

B. Were certain countries known/suspected of being financial supporters

1. Was there intelligence
2. What did USG do in response
a. Sticks - Sanctions, reduction in aid, isolation, etc.
b. Diplomatic pressure
c. Collective international efforts
d. Carrots - increase in aid, recognition, debt forgiveness, etc.

C. What were the abilities of foreign entities to identify, track and disrupt (ITD)
1. How did the US assess these abilities
a. With respect to allies, non-allies, multi-lateral organizations
b. Foreign private sectors
2. What was the extent of foreign efforts to disrupt non-cash financial support
3. Specific actions of US
a. Intelligence
b. Treasury/State trips
c. Voluntary provision of information
d. Embassy/envoy feedback
e. Multilateral/regional efforts

D. Did the international community see the problem the same way
1. Definition of terrorism
2. Charities
3. "Legitimate" struggles
4. Emphasis on sources of terrorism
5. Human rights issues
6. Link between terrorism and other issues (drugs, guns, etc.)
7. Interface between CTC and Sanctions Committee
8. State terrorism

E. What were USG efforts

1. To generate consensus/increase political will on the need to ITD
 a. With respect to allies, non-allies, multi-lateral organizations
b. Specific actions
i. Meetings
(a) What level
ii. Conferences L./P
vv
(a) Regional
(b) International
iii. Involvement in multilaterals
(a) Introduction of resolutions
iv. Interaction with private sector
c. How did USG respond to independent multi-lateral efforts
i. Did they overlap USG efforts
ii. Were they seen as effective
2. To improve abilities w/r/t ITD
a. With respect to allies, non-allies, multi-lateral organizations, foreign
private sectors
b. Specific actions
i. On-site technical training
ii. Conferences
iii. Legislative/regulatory
(a) Advice w/r/t foreign countries
iv. Funding for equipment w/r/t foreign countries
3. What demands did the USG make w/r/t ITD
a. With respect to allies, non-allies, multi-lateral organizations
b. How were these demands made
i. Change in legislation/regulation
ii. Diplomatic channels
iii. Introduction of resolutions/initiatives
iv. Barter/negotiations in larger context
4. Did the USG make efforts to work with foreign intelligence agencies
a. If so, how was this intelligence used

F. Were these efforts "effective" (i.e., what was the level of cooperation of entities
with USG efforts)
1. With respect to foreign countries
a. Enforcement
i. Freezing/blocking assets
ii. Arrests of suspects
iii. Closing/sanctioning financial institutions (formal and informal)
b. Intelligence
c. Education/training
d. Private sectors
e. Other
2. With respect to multi-lateral organizations '"'
a. Enforcement
b. Diplomatic pressure on members
 c. Statements of cooperation

G. What were independent foreign efforts

1. With respect to multi-lateral organizations
2. How did USG respond to these
3. Was there overlap with USG efforts
4. Were these effective

H. Post- 9/11

A. What is the USG policy toward international ITB

1. With respect to foreign governments
a. Overcoming differences
(a) Diplomatic pressure Jj^V
(b) Sticks !•-•
(c) Carrots
(d) Use of multilateral forums
b. Cash and non-cash
2. With respect to multilateral organizations
a. What is the relationship between policies/efforts of multi-lateral
organizations w/r/t ITB and USG policy
i. UN
ii. FATF
iii. Egmont Group
iv. WB/IMF
v. (See attached list; for informational purposes only)
b. With respect to cash and non-cash financing
c. Toward private sectors
d. Did the USG initiate/influence
i. Does the USG seek to initiate/influence
ii. If so, what has been the response
e. How did USG respond .v.
f. Are these efforts viewed as cooperative/effective bylJS.G
3. Assessing and improving abilities of foreign governmentS'and foreign private
sectors to ITD
a. Coordination between State and Treasury
b. Coordination between USG and UN
c. Cash and non-cash financing
d. Provision of funding/training/etc, to foreign governments and foreign
private sectors
4. Intelligence gathering
9/11 Closed by Statute

5. Enforcement
a. Making demands on foreign governments/multilateral organizations
 b. Is it clear who has jurisdiction over foreign assets in foreign branches of
US banks/institutions
c. Cash and non-cash seizures/blocking
6. Have efforts changed in the time period post-9/11 n

B. Is the current USG policy toward foreign governments/multilateral organizations

effective
1. Assets frozen
a. Which countries have frozen assets
i. Claims vs. reality
ii. Are the private sectors in foreign countries complying
iii. What have been the ramifications for these entities
b. What has USG requested these entities to freeze
i. Has US provided enough information to countries to enable them to
freeze assets
2. Intelligence gathering
3. Level of cooperation on all fronts
4. Have abilities of foreign governments to ITB improved
5. Have abilities of foreign private sectors to ITB improved
List of Other International Groups

Association of South East Asian Nations

Organization of African Union (OAU) (Convention on Terrorism, Dakar Declaration)
Interlaken Process
Wolfberg Groups of Banks
South Asian Regional Cooperation Association (SAAARC) (Regional Convention for
the Suppression of Terrorism)
GUUAM
Organization of the Islamic Conference (Convention on Combating International
Terrorism)
APEC
Organization of American States (OAS) (Inter-American Convention against
Terrorism)
Shanghai Cooperation Organization
Arab Group (Arab Convention on the Suppression of Terrorism)
EU (Action Plan)
NATO
Central, Eastern and Southeastern European Countries (Declaration of Warsaw on
Combating Terrorism)
OSCE
Cariom
Pacific Islands Forum Group
South African Development Committee