CELL & WATER

:The following is not found in prokaryotic cells .1 a) Cytoplasmic membrane b) DNA c) Cytoplasm d) Nucleus e) RNA :The following are organelles of prokaryotic cells .4 a) Plasma membrane b) Mitochondria c) Cytoplasm d) Endoplasmic reticulum e) Both A and C are correct :The cytosol .17 a) Is composed of all subcellular organelles except the nucleus b) Sediments before the nucleus in gradient centrifugation c) Is the site for glycogen synthesis d) Contains enzymes of the TCA cycle e) Is absent in prokaryotes :The endoplasmic reticulum is .5 a) Continuation of the plasma membrane b) Site for protein synthesis c) The major site for energy production d) A double membrane organelle e) Not found in hepatocytes :The plasma membrane of the cell .29 a) Contains proteins b) Is a lipid bilayer c) Is selectively permeable d) Is different from the mitochondrial membrane e) Is all of the above :The mitochondrion .14 a) Has a higher density than the nucleus b) Sediment before the nucleus in gradient centrifugation c) Is a site for protein synthesis d) Has the same size as the nucleus e) Is absent in eukaryotes

:Peroxisome site for synthesis of .26 a) Ether glycerophospholipids b) Dolicols c) Cholesterol d) Triacylglycerol e) A, B and C are correct :In cell fractionation .32 a) Mechanical shearing and detergent solubilization can be used b) Gradient centrifugation separates organelles in one step c) Nuclei sediment in the first pellet in differential centrifugation d) Subcellular organelles can be identified by molecular markers e) All of the above are correct

:Buffers in the human body include .2 a) Carbohydrates b) Phospholipids c) Sulphuric Acid and Sulphate d) Phosphoric Acid and Phosphate e) None of the Above Water is the ideal solvent in biological systems because of its: a) Low melting point b) Low dielectric constant c) Dipolarity d) High concentration in cells e) High ionization potential Mechanisms of transport across the plasma membrane: a) Are identical in prokaryotes and eukaryotes b) Include pinocytosis c) Include phagocytosis d) Require glycolipids e) Both B and C are correct .3

.6

:Water participates in the following reactions .7 a) Hydration b) Dehydration c) Hydrolysis d) Thiolysis e) All A, B and C are correct :The bonds that are mostly involved in interactions of biomolecules include .8

a) The peptide bonds b) The ionic bonds c) The covalent bonds d) Thioester bonds e) Phosphodiester bonds :The dipolarity of water .9 a) Results in covalent interaction b) Facilitates the solubility of most biomolecules c) Disappears in the solid state d) Is the basis for ionic interactions e) Is none of the above :Buffers in the human body do not include .10 a) Proteins b) Amino acids c) Sulphuric acid & sulphate d) Phospheric acid & phosphate e) Carbonic acid & bicarbonate :Metabolic acidosis can result from .11 a) Excessive vomiting b) Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus c) Increased pH d) Increased carbohydrate intake e) None of the above :The plasma pH is maintained by the buffering effect of .12 a) Proteins b) Carbonic acid & Bicarbonate c) The kidney d) Gastric HCl e) A, B and C are correct :Buffers in the human body do not include .13 a) Carbonic acid bicarbonate b) Plasma proteins c) Sulphuric acid & sulphate d) Phospheric acid & phosphate e) Hemoglobin :(The equation pH=pK + Log (Conjugate acid/ Conjgate base .15 a) Is known as the Handerson Hasselbalch equation b) Assumes that water ionizes c) Assumes that water does not ionize d) Applies to strong acids e) is incorrect :At neutral pH, a mixture of amino acids in solution would be predominantly .16

a) Dipolar ions b) Nonpolar molecules c) Positive and monovalent d) Hydrophobic e) Negative and monovalent :Interactions between biomolecules usually involve .18 a) Covalent bonds and hydrogen bonds b) Ionic bonds and hydrogen bonds c) Disulphide bridges and hydrophobic interactions d) Hydrogen bonds and disulphide bridges e) All of the above :Bonds involved in the interactions between biomolecules usually include .19 a) Covalent bonds b) Hydrogen bonds c) Ionic bonds d) Hydrophobic interactions e) B, C and D are all correct ?Which of the following bonds is covalent .20 a) Hydrophobic b) Hydrogen c) Disulphide d) Electrostatic e) Ionic :Metabolic acidosis .21 a) Results from high bicarbonate in the blood b) Is associated with increase in pH c) Occurs in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus d) Results from excessive vomiting e) None of above is correct :Reactions which involve water include .22 a) Thiolysis b) Phosphorylysis c) Hydrolysis d) Hydrogenation e) Dehydrogenation :Water .23 a) Has high melting point b) Has low dielectric constant c) Does not contribute in interaction of biomolecules d) Has high concentration in cells e) Ionizes completely at 25 oC :The intestinal bicarbonate is produced by .24 a) Stomach b) Duodenum

c) Jejunum d) Pancreas e) Colon :pH of a buffer solution can be determined by .25 [a) -log [base]/[acid [b) -log [acid]/[base [c) -log [acid-base [d) pK + log [base]/[acid [e) pK + log [acid]/[base :The physiological buffers that maintain intracellular pH include .27 a) Proteins b) Bicarbonate c) Phosphate d) A, B and C are correct e) Albumin :The plasma pH that is most suitable with human life is .28 a) 6.8 - 8.7 b) 7.0 - 8.5 c) 6.0 - 8.5 d) 7.35 7.45 e) 7.45 7.95 :The pH is .30 a) The hydrogen ion concentration in solution b) Measured by colorimeter c) The same in all body fluid compartments d) Maintained by buffers e) Dependent on ionization of strong acids :The following are found in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells .31 a) Plasma membrane and cytosol b) Nucleus and plasma membrane c) Cytosol and endoplasmic reticulum d) Mitochondria and cytoskeleton e) Ribosomes and mitochondria A patient has aciduria with a urine sample at pH 4.9. What is the .33 ?approximate ratio of lactic acid molecules to lactate ions a) 1 : 100 b) 100 : 1 c) 10 : 1 d) 1 : 10 e) 1 : 1 What is the pH of a buffer solution (HA and A) where HA is 100x the .34 :(concentration of A? (pK of HA is 6.8

a) 4.8 b) 6.8 c) 5.8 d) 7.8 e) 8.8 :Buffer capacity is .35 a) Greatest at a pH equal to the pKa of the acid form of a buffer pair in a closed system b) The change in pH that results from adding a given amount of acid or base to a solution c) Both A and B d) Neither A nor B e) Dependent on the concentration of the buffer :Plasma (HCO3-) is regulated by .36 a) The rate of respiration b) Acidification of urine by the kidney c) The rate of urea synthesis in the liver d) Pancreatic production of HCO3 e) Loss of bicarbonate in vomiting and diarrhea