Power Electronics

ELEC4240/9240

University of New South Wales School of Electrical Engineering & Telecommunications Tutorial 2. Uncontrolled rectifier circuits
1. (a) Develop the expressions for the load current and its conduction angle for the half-wave diode circuit of figure 1. The battery voltage Eb can be assumed to of constant value.

v = Vmax sin t
= 2 240 sin t
= 50 Hz

R v L Eb

Figure 1 (b) In the above circuit, the supply frequency is 50 Hz and the load parameter values are: R =5, L = 16mH. Calculate the conduction angle for Eb = 0V. [ = 225.8o] (c) Calculate load dc voltage Vd. [Vd = 91.66 V] (d) Calculate load dc current Id. [Id = 18.34 A] 2. 3. Repeat problems 1(a) - 1(c) for Eb = 0.707Vmax. [ = 161o, Vd = 251V, Id = 18.02A]

A highly inductive load is to be supplied from a single phase full wave rectifier. The load requires 12 A at 150 volts. The ac supply is from the 240 volt mains. Produce the design details of the centre-tap and bridge rectifier circuits and compare the two designs. Assume that the diode drop is fixed at 0.7 V. [CT: PRV = 474V, Transformer kVA = 2.84, IDrms = 8.5A, IDdc = 6A; Bridge: PRV = 237V, IDrms = 8.5A, Transformer kVA = 2.02, ] A three phase bridge rectifier supplies a load at a dc voltage of 300 V and current of 30 A from a 415 V three phase supply via a delta-star transformer. Determine the rquired diode and transformer specification. Assume all diode forward drops of 0.7 V and smooth ripplefree load current. [PRV = 315.6V, IDrms = 17.3A, N = 3.22, Transformer kVA = 9.408]

4.

Uncontrolled Rectifiers

Tutorial 2-1

F. Rahman

Power Electronics 5.

ELEC4240/9240

For the single-phase centre-tap rectifier circuit of figure 2, calculate the inductance L required to reduce the ripple current in the load to 5% of Id. Include only the most dominant load ripple current neglecting all others. Given: v = 340 sin 314t V. [7.46 H]
i1
D1

iL

vo

R = 500
v = V max sin t

vs
N:1

i2

D2 Figure 2

6.

A single-phase bridge rectifier supplies a dc voltage to a load of 30 resistance and 7.5mH inductance. The surce frequency is 50 Hz. Calculate the values Lf and Cf of an LC filter so that the load voltage ripple factor is not more than 10%. Consider only the dominant ripple. [Lf = 27.5 mH, Cf = 526 F] For the circuit figure 3, estimate the load dc voltage, Vdc, for the two cases, when the switch S is open and when it is closed. For each case, sketch the load voltage, load current and supply current waveforms. Note that the circuit is widely used in low power applications where the input voltage may be either 120V as in USA or 240V as in Europe and Asia. The switch position is selected according to the location of use. Note also that the circuit does not use an input transformer to cope with the change of input supply and thus saves the cost saves the cost of this transformer. L

7.

C Vdc C

V = 240 Volts f = 50 Hz

Figure 3

Uncontrolled Rectifiers

Tutorial 2-2

F. Rahman

Power Electronics 8.

ELEC4240/9240

Compare the power factor of the 3-phase bridge rectifier supplied from a Y-connected supply with that of a single-phase bridge rectifier. Assume ripple-free load current in each case. One of the advantages of having phase-shifting transformer connections used in a 12-pulse rectifier is that the net primary current has a lower THD than a 6-pulse circuit. Figure 4 shows the connections of a 12-pulse rectifier, comprising of two 6-pulse diode bridge rectifiers.

9.

iA iB iC

ia ib ic Y-Y 1:1

ias ibs ics 12pulse rectifier Vdc Load

i'a i'b i'c -Y 3:1

i'as i'bs i'cs

Figure 4 (a) Sketch the currents ia and ia and iA in the primaries of the transformers, assuming that the load current is ripple free. (b) What are the first two non zero harmonics of iA? (c) Compare the THDs of the 12-ulse circuit with that of a 6-pulse circuit. 10. For a single-phase bridge rectifier, the supply voltage to the rectifier is 240 V (rms) at 50 Hz. The total source inductance to the rectifier is Ls = 2mH. Assume the load current at all times is smooth and ripple free. Calculate the dc load voltage when the source inductance is neglected. Calculate the overlap angles when the load current is 20A and 40 A and the source inductance is not neglected. (iii) Calculate the dc output voltage of the rectifier for the load currents in (ii). (iv) Sketch the output voltage waveforms for the loads in (ii). (v) Sketch the input voltage waveforms to the rectifier for the loads in (ii). [216.56 V, 22.16, 31.54, 208.56 V, 200.56 V] 11. Repeat problem 10 for a three-phase bridge rectifier. The ac supply voltage to the rectifier is now 415 V rms, line-line, at 50 Hz. The source inductance Ls per line is the same as in problem 10. [560.6 V, 16.8, 23.88, 548.6 V, 536.6 V] Hints: First draw the line-neutral voltages on a graph paper. Then draw the commutation overlaps in these volage waveforms. The line-line voltage waveforms are then found by drawing the differences in the line voltages. A Matlab program will do it for you nicely.
Uncontrolled Rectifiers

(i) (ii)

Tutorial 2-3

F. Rahman