2012 Sec 4Ex/5NA Science(Physics) Prelim ANSWER

Paper 1 Q A Q A 1 D 11 A 2 B 12 D 3 A 13 B 4 C 14 B 5 D 15 D 6 B 16 D 7 A 17 C 8 D 18 A 9 B 19 B 10 D 20 D

Paper 2 Section A 1a. The speed is constant. [B1] b. speed = 140/20 [M1] = 7 m/s [A1] c. The car is accelerating or increasing speed [B1]. The distance between the dots is increasing in the same period of time [B1]. 2a. b. w = mg 1.52 = 154.6/1000 x g [M1] g = 9.83 N/kg [A1] =m/v = 154.6 / [4.0 x 2.0 x 1.0] = 19.33 g / cm3

[M1] [A1]

3a. b. c.

d.

P = F/A 80 = F/4 [M1] F = 320 N [A1] Principle of moments state that for an object in equilibrium, the sum of anticlockwise moments about any point must be equal to the sum of clockwise moments about the same point. [B1] Applying the principle of moments, Taking moments about P, Sum of anticlockwise moments = sum of clockwise moments W x 0.6 = 320 x 1.5 [M1] W = 800 N [A1] Deduct 1 mark if statements not written. The windsurfer has to lean outwards (or away from the sail) [B1]. This increases his perpendicular distance from P and produces a greater anticlockwise moment [B1] to counter the increase in clockwise moment due to the increased wind force. KE = mv2 = x 0.5 x 42 = 4J [A1] loss in PE = gain in KE mgh = 4 0.5 x 10 x h = 4 [M1] h = 0.8 m [A1] [M1]

4a. b.

5a. b(i). b(ii).

The air around the ice pack loses thermal energy to the coolant pack [B1]. The cold, denser air will sink [B1] and the warmer, less dense air below will rise [B1]. This creates a convection current in the box to keep the food cold. Deduct 1 mark if convection current is not mentioned. The coolant was melting. [B1] The thermal energy of the food is lost to the coolant. [B1]

Q
6. Each correct ray with arrow [A1 x 3]

T S R

Focal length = 5.2 cm [A1]

F
Deduct 1m if line extended to virtual image is not dotted

7.

The sound produced by the violin has a higher frequency [B1] and lower amplitude [B1] compared to the sound produced by the drum OR the sound produced by the drum has a lower frequency [B1] and higher amplitude [B1] compared to the sound produced by the violin. The free electrons move away from the rod [B1] since like charges repel [B1]

8a.

b. negatively charged rod + + + Correct distribution of charges [B1]

9a. b.

c. d.

E = W/Q = 360/30 [M1] = 12 V [A1] for parallel combination, 1/R = 1/2 + 1/6 [M1] = 4/6 = 2/3 R = 1.5 Effective resistance = 10 + 1.5 = 11.5 [A1] I = V/R = 12 / 11.5 [M1] = 1.04 A [A1] When all switches are closed, L1 and L2 will not light up [B1]. This is because the current will take the path of least resistance through S3, and no current will flow in L1 and L2 [B1].

10.

energy used = 3 x 10/60 = 0.5 kWh Cost = 0.5 x $0.28 = $0.14 [A1]

[M1] [A1]

Section B 1(a)(i) a = F/m = 20/5 = 4 ms-2 [B1] (ii) a = (v-u) / t 4 = (v 0) / 10 v = 40 ms-1 (iii)
Speed / ms-1

[M1] [A1]

40

Each correct line section [B1x 2] Deduct 1m maximum for any wrong or missing labelling.

Time / s 0 10 35

(iv) Frictional force = 20 N [B1] As they are moving at constant velocity, this implies that the resultant force acting on them is zero [B1], and the frictional force is then equal to the horizontal applied force. (b) Truck K would require a larger braking force than truck J. [B1] Truck K that has a larger mass has a higher kinetic energy [B1], a larger work need to be done, and hence a bigger braking force over the same distance is required to stop the truck. [B1] OR To produce the same deceleration (as they need to stop within the same distance) [B1], by F = ma, the truck that has the bigger mass would require a larger resistive force. [B1] Hence it would need to apply a larger braking force. 2(a)(i) Period of wave = 2 s [M1] V = f 10 = (1/2) [M1] = 20 cm [A1]

2(a)(ii)
Displacement / cm 5

10

20

30

Distance / cm

(a)(iii) Decrease the frequency of the vibrator dipping into water. [B1] As the speed of water wave is constant, decreasing the vibration frequency would increase the wavelength of each wave. [B1] (b) Speed of sound would be smaller in polystyrene. Polystyrene traps a lot of air [B1]. Sound travels slower in air compared to in a solid. [1] 3(a)(i) Magnetic induction [B1] (ii) Top end of the first nail nearest to the South pole of the magnet becomes an induced North Pole, while the far end of the nail becomes an induced South Pole. [B1] Since unlike poles attract [B1], the nail is attracted to the magnet and hence does not fall off from the magnet. This nail induces the subsequent nails to become induced magnets [B1] hence they are all attached together. (b) At least 3 concentric circles of increasing spacing from the centre [B1] Correction direction of field lines indicated by arrows [B1]

(c) When large current flows, soft iron core is more strongly magnetized. [B1] Iron lever is attracted by the soft iron core and swings upwards. [B1] The extended spring pulls the springy metal to the right. [B1] Contacts are broken and current flow is stopped in the circuit. [B1]