8.

STAIRCASE

8.1 GENERAL Stair case is structural member used for vertical transportation in the building. In Meadows there are 3 lifts in each tower for vertical tower. So in case of power cut or any failur in lifts staircase can be used as emergency exit and for transportation of large funiture or material. Stair case consist of riser and tread. According to height of floor number of flight and risers are decided. In meadows two flights with one landing is provided.

In meadows, staircase is made up of RCC along with initial risers made up of block masonary. Different components of stair are as follows Riser Tread Nosing Going Hand Rail Landing Soffit etc TABLE 8.1 DETAIL OF STAIRCASE

SR NO. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

DESCRIPTION

GENERAL DETAIL

Shape of stair case Number of flight Number of landing Number of riser Number of treads Type of staircase Formwork material used Reinforcement used

Dog legged 2 1 18 17 R.C.C Wooden HYSD

8.2 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE

FORMWORK ERECTION/ITS CHECK

STAIR CASE REINFORCEMENT

CHECKING OF REINFORCEMENT

CONCRETING

CURING

REMOVAL OF FORMWORK

FINISHING

FIG 8.1 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE

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8.3 TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS USED STAIR CASE CONSTRUCTION

1) Plumb bob 2) String (Dory) 3) Claw hammer 4) Spade 5) Rammer 6) Trowel 7) Iron Pan 8) Concrete Pump 9) Needle Vibrator 8.4 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE 8.4.1 FORMWORK ERECTION/ITS CHECK First of all, riser is marked from reference point. The level of bottom of landing slab is then determined from the drawing. Wooden sheets for the landing slab are laid on a support of props and wooden planks. From a landing slab, a thin plywood member is then fixed to the adjacent concrete wall with the help of nails. These wooden planks run along the length of flight. The shuttering of flight is then carried out. The bottom forms for the flight rests on horizontal member provided at regular spacing. These horizontal planks are supported on the runners. The runners in turn are support by props. Now, the level of tread and riser are marked on the adjacent wall by chalk. Riser forms are then placed according to the chalk marking. Their level and alignment is checked by spirit level. If the bubble in spirit level is in the centre then the alignment is correct. All the vertical wooden members are connected by a wooden plank in the centre and nailed. 68

Proper side support are then provided prior to concreting to resist the lateral pressure of concrete during the pour.

FIG 8.2 FORMWORK ERECTION 8.4.2 REINFORCEMENT ERECTION/ITS CHECK The reinforcement arrangement for the staircase start after the formwork is in place and confirms the desire level. First of all, the reinforcement laying for the landing slab is carried out as per drawing. Pull out bar from slab and are straightened. Bottom bars are laid according to the drawing. Approximately 60cm overlap is to be done.

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After main bars are in position, the horizontal bars are fixed to them by means of binding wire. Concrete cover block are provided at bottom of main bar. Maximum bending moment is at bottom and so there is no top reinforcement in the middle portion of the flight.

FIG 8.3 REINFORCEMENT/ITS CHECK 8.4.3 CONCRETING After completion of reinforcement and formwork concreting started. Staircase concreting started from bottom riser. Then step by step upper riser has been concreted. Concreting done with boom placer or bucket crane. Concrete is laying properly with help of needle vibrator. M25 grade concrete is used. Capactiy of bucket is 0.3 cu m. Surface has finished with muster with help of levelling staff and dumpy level.

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FIG 8.4 CONCRETING

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8.4.4 CURING Formwork for staircase is removed generally after 7 days and curing is done for 10-14 days.

FIG 8.5 FINISHING/CURING

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