ICL

the Indian Cricket League (ICL) was a private cricket league funded by Zee Entertainment Enterprises that operated between 2007 and 2009 in India. notionally located in major Indian cities as well as the champions Lahore Badshahs who were based in Lahore, Pakistan. The matches were played in the Twenty20 format. There was also a planned domestic 50-over tournament, but this did not eventuate. While its establishment pre-dated the Indian Premier League, the ICL folded in 2009. Aside from commercial factors, the ICL lacked the support of the Board of Control for Cricket in India and International Cricket Council. Contents ICL World Teams 1 History 2 League structure 2.1 2.2 ICL Domestic Teams 3 Tournaments 3.1 First season 3.2 Second season 4 Reasons for creation 4.1 The "Inverted Pyramid" cricket structure 4.2 Zee Telefilms desire to create sports content 5 Support for the league 6 Controversy 6.1 BCCI Response 6.1.1 ICL takes BCCI to court 7 Pressure on Players from Other National Organisations 8 The Downfall of the ICL

8.1 Transparency Issues 9 The end of ICL 10 Broadcasting of ICL 10.1 Broadcasting Ban 11 Other private cricket leagues 12 References 13 External links

History

Zee Telefilms, part of the Essel group promoted by Subhash Chandra, had bid for the telecast rights to the 2003 Cricket World Cup. Although the highest bid, it was unsuccessful. In 2004, Subhash Chandra again bid for telecast rights and ended up in an inconclusive court battle. He made another bid for the 2006 ICC Champions Trophy rights and once again lost. He responded by creating the ICL. They denied us the cricket content, said Himanshu Mody, business head of ICL and Zees sports,so, we had to create our own content. [1] Zee Telefilms announced that it would partner with major infrastructure group IL&FS to create a new, ambitious cricket organisation, the Indian Cricket League.[2] with prize money of one million US dollars in the initial edition for the winning team.

The ICL was set up with a billion dollar Indian Rupee corpus, and was to initially comprise six teams playing Twenty20 cricket, with plans to expand to sixteen teams within three years and to eventually move to 50-over matches. These plans, if they had been realised, would have made the ICL the richest professional league in India. On 24 July 2007, some famous international names were announced to have signed to play in the ICL, including highest innings record-holder Brian Lara.[3]

Due to the unofficial nature of the league, most of the national cricket boards warned their players against joining it and as a result most of the international players who signed for the first edition were retired internationals, such as Brian Lara, Chris Cairns and Craig McMillan, or former

players no intention of breaking back into their national team, such as Chris Read and Daryl Tuffey (who has since broken back in the New Zealand team, after breaking ties with the league). A notable exception was Imran Farhat, who chose to opt out of his Pakistan Central contract to sign with the League. [4] Former Pakistan captain Javed Miandad said he was not able to understand why the PCB would not allow its players to participate in the league and why it was threatening players with a lifetime ban.[5] The PCB subsequently banned players involved in the ICL from playing domestic cricket, a move that prompted some players, notably Farhat and Taufeeq Umar, to threaten court action.[6]

The opposition to the league from the national cricket boards across the world and the International Cricket Council (ICC) was continued into the league's second edition. Several international ICC players who were signed to play domestic cricket for teams in the English County Championship, including Shane Bond, Rana Naved-ul-Hasan, Mushtaq Ahmed and Jason Gillespie were unable to fulfill their County Championship contracts because the home counties cricket boards refused to grant them the necessary documents to play in England.[7]

The first edition of the league commenced on 30 November 2007. The league consisted of six teams with the matches played at Panchkula, near Chandigarh. Matches were initially held at Tau Devi Lal stadium in Panchkula, near Chandigarh, Lal Bahadur Stadium in Hyderabad, and at Tau Devi Lal Stadium in Gurgaon [1], near New Delhi. In 2008, ICL games were played at more venues.

The first edition had 6 teams; this was expanded to 8 in early 2008, and one more team was added in the second half of that year. Players participating in this league had been threatened with bans by the cricket boards of their respective countries, as the ICL was regarded by them as an unsanctioned rebel league.[8][9] However most of the players continue to play first class cricket under the control of their respective boards. The first edition concluded on 16 December 2007 with the Chennai Superstars winning the first title. The second edition was a 50 over tournament played from 7 January 2008 to 28 January 2008 at Mayajaal Cricket Ground, near Chennai, with Chennai Superstars winning again. A third edition which commenced on 9 March 2008 saw the league expanded to eight teams and matches being played at two further venues, Hyderabad and Gurgaon. The Hyderabad

Heroes won the 3rd edition. The fourth edition was a domestic Twenty-20 tournament won by Chandigarh Lions.

The second season, which added Ahmedabad as a venue, commenced in the last quarter of 2008, with the Lahore Badshahs from Pakistan winning. League structure

Each team was coached by a former international cricketer and comprised four international, two Indian and eight budding domestic players. Essel Group also planned to set up cricket academies all over the country. The Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) was assured that it was free to draw from ICL's talent pool. The league became active in November 2007 with matches in the Twenty20 format.

Former international cricketers including Kapil Dev, Tony Greig, Dean Jones and Kiran More were hired as board members of the Indian Cricket League. [10] The board positions will be paid positions.[11]

Nine teams of private clubs : Mumbai Champs Chennai Superstars Chandigarh Lions Hyderabad Heroes Royal Bengal Tigers (Kolkata) Delhi Giants Ahmedabad Rockets Lahore Badshahs Dhaka Warriors

Each team had a paid mentor, media manager, psychologist and

physiotherapist There was a US$ 1 million prize for the winning club team An Ombudsman is available to look into grievances of players

ICL World Teams

The World

John Emburey - Coach,

Chris Cairns - Captain Andrew Hall, Chris Harris, Damien Martyn, Daryl Tuffey, Ian Harvey, Jimmy Maher, Johan van der Wath, Lou Vincent (Wicketkeeper), Marvan Atapattu, Matthew Elliot, Michael Kasprowicz, Russel Arnold

India

Steve Rixon - Coach

Rajagopal Satish - Captain Abbas Ali, Abhishek Jhunjhunwala, Abu Nacheem, Ali Murtaza, Ambati Rayudu, Ganapathi Vignesh, Ibrahim Khaleel (Wicketkeeper), Love Ablish, Ravi Raj Patil, Rohan Gavaskar, Stuart Binny, Syed Mohammed, Thiru Kumaran, TP Sudhindra, Sarbjit Singh, Tejinder Pal Singh, V. Sarvanan

Pakistan

Moin Khan - Coach

Inzamam-ul-Haq - Captain

Azhar Mahmood Taufeeq Umar Imran Farhat Rana Naved-ul-Hasan Abdul Razzaq Naved Latif Humayun Farhat Arshad Khan Shahid Nazir Hasan Raza Mohammad Sami Imran Nazir Riaz Afridi Shabbir Ahmed

Bangladesh

Balwinder Sandhu - Coach

Habibul Bashar - Captain Aftab Ahmed Alok Kapali Dhiman Ghosh Farhad Reza Manjural Islam Golam Mabud

Mahbubul Karim Mohammad Rafique Mohammad Sharif Mosharraf Hossain Shahriar Nafees Tapash Baisya

ICL Domestic Teams Main articles: Chandigarh Lions, Chennai Superstars, Delhi Giants, Hyderabad Heroes, Kolkata Tigers, Mumbai Champs, Ahmedabad Rockets, Lahore Badshahs, and Dhaka Warriors Tournaments First season Main article: ICL 20-20 Indian Championship 2007/08 Main article: ICL 50s 2007/08 Main article: ICL 20s Grand Championship 2007/08 Main article: ICL 20s World Series 2007/08 Second season Main article: ICL 20-20 Indian Championship 2008/09 Main article: ICL 20s World Series 2008/09 Reasons for creation Question book-new.svg This section does not cite any references or sources. (October 2008)

Several factors have played a role in formulation of a cricket league which may run in parallel to the current official Indian cricket control body, BCCI. The "Inverted Pyramid" cricket structure Question book-new.svg This section does not cite any references or

sources. (May 2010)

There is wide disparity between the facilities enjoyed by the national team and the regional ones. This makes the regional players far from finished products when they are called to represent their country, preventing a huge country like India from having adequate reserve strength in the national squad when key players are injured or retire. Also, the regional cricket boards depend on the BCCI for hand-outs of funds for infrastructure and grassroots development. The players who are entrenched at the top have strong backing from sports management firms and also can afford the best in personal trainers, physiotherapists and technical consultants, which are well beyond the scope of the average player. Zee Telefilms desire to create sports content Question book-new.svg This section does not cite any references or sources. (October 2008)

The Essel group has expressed a keen desire to help India develop cricketing talent, as well as provide lucrative sports programming for Zee Telefilms, which lost out on the rights to broadcast all BCCI-sanctioned cricket matches in India until 2011.

Essel Group had originally launched Zee Sports earlier with the anticipation of bagging at least some of the BCCI telecast rights in 2006. This was followed by Zee acquiring 50 percent in TEN Sports in November 2006 for Rs. 257 crore (Rs. 2.57 billion). This gave the company a few international cricket rights West Indies, Sri Lanka and Pakistan.

Cricket played in India generates Rs. 1,000 crore (Rs. 10 billion) in advertising and subscription revenue and Subhash Chandra has been acutely aware of his company missing out on this lucrative cricket pie.

During his battle with BCCI and ESPN Star Sports for the five-year telecast rights in AugustSeptember 2004 in the Bombay High Court, Chandra was present every day for the hearings. Despite Zee bidding the highest at $307 million, BCCI and its then president Jagmohan Dalmiya denied him the rights.

The pain of denial has been with Chandra since 2000 when the ICC World Cup rights were sold to NewsCorps Global Cricket Corporation (GCC) for $550 million despite Zee bidding the highest at $650 million citing Zee's insufficient sports marketing experience.

In August 2005, Zee again emerged as a forerunner with a pitch of over $340 million while ESPN Star Sports, the other principal contender, is believed to have offered around $325 million. BCCI took the stance that Zee was not qualified as a specialist broadcaster and refused to consider Zees proposal. The matter expectedly went to court and Doordarshan emerged the beneficiary.

Chandra then tried the political route too and supported Sharad Pawars candidature as BCCI president against Dalmiya. Pawar emerged victorious but not Chandra. In the last round of bidding in February, last year, it was Nimbus who bagged BCCIs telecast rights till 2011 for $613 million with Zee trailing at $513 million.

Since there was a Zee-Nimbus alliance before the bidding, media pundits thought Nimbus bid was a Zee front. But Nimbus chose to go its own way and launched its own sports network NEO Sports. Support for the league This section needs additional citations for verification. (May 2010)

The ICL has received support from some unexpected quarters. There was a fear that lack of access to infrastructure, like the premier cricket stadiums, would limit the success of the operation of the league, but support from various government bodies has boosted the league. Camps will be held at Mayajaal in Chennai, which is a private resort with good cricket facilities.[12] Indian Railways chief Lalu Prasad has shown his backing by opening all the cricket stadiums controlled by the Indian Railways to the league. Describing the ICL as a good initiative, Prasad has issued a statement saying that the BCCI and ICL should each come up with a cricket team and play against each other to show who's the best. [2] The state government of West Bengal has also agreed to rent its cricket grounds, notably Eden Gardens, to the league.

[13] Controversy BCCI Response This section needs additional citations for verification. (May 2010)

The BCCI refused to recognise the ICL as a cricket league, and criticised Kiran More and Kapil Dev for joining the ICL.[14] Kapil Dev's association with ICL was seen by the establishment as a conflict of interest as he was also the chairman of National Cricket Academy, a BCCI owned cricket facility.[15] On August 21, 2007 Kapil Dev was sacked from his NCA post.[16] Subhash Chandra had earlier stated that the ICL will go ahead regardless of the BCCI's stance. The International Cricket Council gave a statement through its chief executive, Malcolm Speed, that the ICC would not recognize the ICL unless the BCCI chooses to recognise it. The ICC looks at the ICL as an issue to be sorted out by the BCCI. On July 25, 2012 Kapil Dev informed BCCI that he has resigned from the rebel league ICL and will continue supporting them, thereby paving way to get back into the BCCI fold. [17]

Faced with the threat of young players joining the ICL, the BCCI jacked up prize money for winners, runners-up and losing semi-finalists across all tournaments. An average domestic cricketer can hope to make around Rs 35,000 per match day from the season of 2007-08: more than double the Rs 16,000 they got in 2005-06. The BCCI has also planned to do away with honorary selectors, who will be paid professionals from September 2008 onwards.[18]

The BCCI started its own international Twenty20 league. The official league, which launched in April 2008, is called the Indian Premier League Twenty20 cricket. The league model is revolutionary, based on the franchise model of the National Football League and Major League Baseball in the USA.[19] ICL takes BCCI to court This section needs additional citations for verification. (May 2010)

In August 2007, the ICL filed a petition against the BCCI in the Delhi High Court accusing the BCCI of threatening and intimidating them and other state

organisations, and asked the court to stop BCCI from interfering with its attempts to sign up players for its tournaments. It also petitioned that the BCCI stop trying to "out-hire" cricket stadiums in India that are owned by the state governments, in anti-competitive attempts to stop the ICL from using them to play matches.

On August 27, 2007, the Delhi High Court ruled in favour of the ICL. In its ruling, the Delhi High Court said that players should not suffer in the battle between corporate giants. The court has issued notices to all corporate sponsors, the state cricket associations & the BCCI against terminating valid contracts of players joining the ICL.[20]

The Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Commission (MRTPC) of India had asked its Director-General of Investigation to do an initial investigation into the BCCI's action against players who had joined the ICL. The investigation was based on media reports of the BCCI giving an open statement that it will ban players who join ICL. It was also reported in the media that all state associations, under direction from the BCCI, have cancelled contracts with players.[21] Pressure on Players from Other National Organisations This section needs additional citations for verification. (May 2010)

In considering rejoining the ICL former England wicketkeeper Paul Nixon was said to have put his career in jeopardy because any player that signs up with the ICL, which does not have official status from the International Cricket Council, risks losing their registration.[22]

The addition of a new team from Dhaka in Bangladesh, consisting largely of Bangladesh internationals caused more controversy as the cricket board of that country banned the players for 10 years for joining the 'rebel' ICL.[23] Faced with the departure of so many players the board appealed to other Bangladeshi players to reject the new ICL team, stay loyal to the board and embrace the opportunity to play for their country.[24] The Downfall of the ICL This section needs additional citations for verification. (May 2010)

The future of ICL has become dark when BCCI allowed ICL players to play international matches.Since then many ICL players have returned to their national team including famous players like Shane Bond (now retired) and Abdul Razzaq.

The huge success of IPL is also a reason of the coming down of ICL.

Shortly before the conclusion of the inaugural tournament, the ICL announced its plans for expansion, which include a fifty over tournament in February 2008, and the expansion of the ICL Indian Championship to eight teams for the second tournament, due to be held in September and October 2008.[25]

A similar initiative has been launched in United States by the PayAutoMata group but details have yet to emerge.[26]

In October 2008, the promoters of the ICL, Zee and its parent company Essel Sports Pvt. Ltd, had applied for trademark registration of T20 under Class 28 of the Trade Mark Rules, 2002.[27] [28] Transparency Issues Question book-new.svg sources. (May 2010) This section does not cite any references or

Independent analysts have had difficulty gauging the financial viability of the ICL due to the lack of transparency of the leagues operations. Terms of contracts are hidden and advertising revenue from match telecasts considered to be a major contributor to revenues have never been disclosed. Because they are unsanctioned by the ICC, the teams do not have access to the best facilities across the whole country or access to the best players, limiting their ability to generate high gate revenues. This lack of transparency leads to questions regarding the overall viability of the ICLs business model.[citation needed] The end of ICL

The ICL has now come to an end after all its players dropped out.This was because of the offer of amnesty given by BCCI to players choosing to leave the ICL. Broadcasting of ICL

Since the ICL was conducted by Zee Telefilms, the ICL was broadcast in most domains on the Zee network.[29] Broadcaster Regional Broadcast Rights Zee Sports Global Rights, India -- Hindi, Bangladesh & USA Ten Sports India -- English, Bangladesh, Pakistan & Middle East BTV Bangladesh ATN Bangla Bangladesh Gateway North Africa Telkom-Malaysia Malaysia Astro TVIQ Malaysia Fox Sports Australia Zee Music UK

Zee Smile Zee TV Africa

Asia[citation needed]

Caribbean Media Corporation Caribbean Broadcasting Ban

In November 2008, the Bangladeshi government set a ban on the broadcasting of live matches of the ICL on a the private held Diganta TV channel in the country. This would extend to the ICL World Series featuring the country's national team.[30] Other private cricket leagues

Most professional cricket around the world is run by the national cricket boards of the full members of the ICC, but there have been several previous attempts to create professional leagues outside the established system. Like the ICL, each of them came into conflict with the establishment:

World Series Cricket was formed by Australian media tycoon Kerry Packer in the late 1970s, and played a major role in the development of limited overs cricket and commercialisation of the game. Pro Cricket League in USA formed by Kalpesh Patel. It started with eight teams on 2 July 2004 and expired the same year.[31] Indian Cricket League (USA) formed in 2005 by PayAutoMata Group in the U.S. state of Florida. Stanford 20/20 formed in 2006 by billionaire Sir Allen Stanford in the West Indies. It has since reconciled with the cricket establishment, gaining recognition by the West Indies Cricket Board.

References

^ Ekbaat staff (September 15, 2007). "Why and how was ICL created". Ekbaat. Retrieved 2007-09-15. ^ Cricinfo staff (3 April 2007). "Business mogul announces new cricket league". Cricinfo. Retrieved 2007-06-13. ^ Cricinfo staff (July 26, 2007). "Warne and McGrath set to join ICL: Kapil". Cricinfo. Retrieved 2007-07-26. ^ Cricinfo staff (August 16, 2007). "Farhat released from central contract". Cricinfo. Retrieved 2007-08-16. ^ . http://cricketnext.in.com/news/recognise-icl-says-miandad/2651813.html. Retrieved 2008-10-20. ^ CricketWorld (December 24, 2007). "Pakistan Bans ICL Players From Domestic Cricket". CricketWorld. Retrieved 2007-12-26. ^ Andrew McGlashan (13 March 2008). "ICL-county situation as clear as mud". Cricinfo. Retrieved 2008-03-24. ^ Indian Board Threatens To Ban Players Who Play In ICL, Cricket World, retrieved August 3, 2008 ^ South African players warned over rebel league, Reuters, retrieved August 3, 2008 ^ Cricinfo staff (14 May 2007). "Zee Sports denies signing of stars". Cricinfo. Retrieved 2007-06-13. ^ Khanna, Roma (14 May 2007). "BCCI's own now have a new job". CricketNext. Retrieved 2007-06-13. ^ Vasu, Anand (22 August 2007). "ICL to hold camp at Mayajaal in Chennai". cricinfo.com. Retrieved 2007-08-23. ^ Press Trust of India (23 August 2007). "State minister allows ICL use of Eden Gardens". cricinfo.com. Retrieved 2007-08-23. ^ Press Trust of India (13 June 2007). "BCCI shoots down ICL". Rediff.com. Retrieved 2007-06-13. ^ Shanbhag, Sudhakar (13 June 2007). "BCCI Not To Recognise ZeePromoted Indian Cricket League". Worldcuplatest.com. Retrieved 2007-06-13. ^ Press Trust of India (21 August 2007). "Kapil sacked as NCA Chairman". Rediff.com. Retrieved 2007-08-21.

^ "Kapil Dev resigns from ICL, returns to BCCI". Wisden India. Retrieved 25 July 2010. ^ Press Trust of India (21 June 2007). "BCCI hikes domestic match fees". Rediff.com. Retrieved 2007-08-22. ^ Jamie Alter (13 September 2007). "International Twenty20 league launched". Cricinfo.com. Retrieved 2007-09-13. ^ "Delhi HC orders companies to let players join ICL". Reuters. 27 August 2007. ^ "Cricket row under MRTPC scanner". ^ Hoult, Nick (1 October 2008). "Paul Nixon may put county career in jeopardy by rejoining 'rebel' Indian Cricket League". The Daily Telegraph (London). Retrieved 5 May 2010. ^ "Bangladesh vow to ban ICL rebels". BBC News. 17 September 2008. Retrieved 5 May 2010. ^ http://sify.com/sports/fullstory.php?id=14759551 ^ Indian Cricket League Announce Plans For 2008 ^ "Indian Cricket League invades the Americas". http://www.mmdnewswire.com/the-indian-cricket-league-invades-theamericas-2626.html.+4 December 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-04. ^ http://www.livemint.com/2008/09/23000301/2008/09/17232516/2008/10/030 05121/Zee-Twenty20-cricket-league-se.html?d=2 ^ http://thecricketingleague.blogspot.com/2008/10/zee-promoted-iclplanning-to-patent-t20.html ^ http://www.indiancricketleague.in/news/inner-news.aspx? xfile=data/news/2008/October/news_20081007_20.xml ^ http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx? id=8f2e6595-6447-4110-b354-d3d1595530d0 ^ Giri, Nisha (5 August 2005). "The ICC Is Not Against Procricket". Little India. Retrieved 2007-06-13.

External links

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Indian Cricket League Sport Founded No. of teams 2007

Cricket

9 city teams, 4 international teams

Country(ies) India India Pakistan Pakistan Bangladesh Bangladesh World Most recent champion(s) Lahore Badshahs, 2008

IPL

he Indian Premier League (IPL) is a professional league for Twenty20 cricket championship in India. It was initiated by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI), headquartered in Mumbai,[3][4] and is supervised by BCCI Vice President Rajeev Shukla,[5] who serves as the league's Chairman and Commissioner. It is currently contested by nine teams, consisting of players from around the world. It was started after an altercation between the BCCI and the Indian Cricket League.[6]

In 2010, IPL became the first sporting event ever to be broadcast live on YouTube in association with Indiatimes.[7] Its brand value is estimated to be around US$2.99 billion in fifth season.[8] However, the league has been engulfed by series of corruption scandals where allegations of cricket betting, money laundering and spot fixing were witnessed.[9][10] Contents

1 History 1.1 First season 1.2 Second season 1.3 Third season 1.4 Fourth season 1.5 Fifth season 2 IPL Trophy 2.1 20082010 2.2 20112013

3 League organisation 3.1 Franchises 3.2 Rules 4 Statistics and records 4.1 Winners 5 Prize money 6 Television rights and sponsorships 6.1 Television rights 6.2 Sponsorships 6.3 Revenue and Profits 6.4 Controversy about tax exemption 6.5 Mobile applications 6.6 Official website 7 Global interest 8 See also 9 References 10 External links

History First season Main article: 2008 Indian Premier League

The inaugural season of the tournament started on 18 April 2008 and lasted for 46 days with 59 matches scheduled, out of which 58 took place and 1 was washed out due to rain. The final was played in DY Patil Stadium, Nerul, Navi Mumbai. Every team played each other both at home and away in a round robin system. The top four ranking sides progressed to the knockout stage of semi-finals followed by a final. Rajasthan Royals defeated Chennai Super Kings in a thriller and emerged as the inaugural IPL champions.[11]

Second season Main article: 2009 Indian Premier League

The 2009 Indian Premier League season, abbreviated as IPL 2 or the 2009 IPL, was the second season of the Indian Premier League. The tournament was hosted by South Africa and was played between 18 April and 24 May 2009. IPL 2 was the second biggest cricket tournament in the world, after the Cricket World Cup,[3] and was forecast to have an estimated television audience of more than 200 million people in India alone. The top four ranking sides progressed to the knockout stage of semi-finals followed by a final. Deccan Chargers defeated Bangalore Royal Challengers in a thriller and emerged as the second IPL champions. Third season Main articles: 2010 Indian Premier League and List of 2010 Indian Premier League personnel changes

The third season opened in January 2010 with the auction for players. 66 players were on offer but only 11 players were sold. In this season, Deccan Chargers did not play at their preferred home location of Hyderabad, India due to the political crisis in the Telangana region . The new bases for the champions this season were Nagpur, Navi Mumbai and Cuttack. Four teams qualified for the semi-finals. The first semi-final was won by Mumbai Indians who defeated Bangalore Royal Challengers by 35 runs. Chennai Super Kings defeated Deccan Chargers in the second semi-final. The final was played between Chennai Super Kings and Mumbai Indians. Chennai Super Kings won by a margin of 22 runs. Fourth season Main articles: 2011 Indian Premier League and List of 2011 Indian Premier League personnel changes Chennai Super Kings are the most successful team in the tournament winning the championship twice and qualifying for the top four every time.

On 21 March 2010, it was announced in Chennai that two new teams from Pune and Kochi will be added to the IPL for the fourth season. However, the bid around the kochi franchisee turned controversial resulting in the

resignation of minister, Shashi Tharoor from the Central Government and investigations by various departments of the Government of India into the financial dealings of IPL and the other existing franchisees. Later, Lalit Modi was also removed from IPL chairmanship by BCCI. On 5 December 2010, it was confirmed that Kochi will take part in the fourth season of IPL.[12]

The addition of teams representing Pune and Kochi was to have increased the number of franchises from 8 to 10. The BCCI originally considered extending the tournament format used in previous season to ten teams, which would increase the number of matches from 60 to 94. Instead, the round-robin stage of the tournament was to have been replaced by a group stage with two groups of five, limiting the number of matches to 74.[13] But this format was replaced by another one in which each team would play 5 other teams in a two-way round robin format and there would be 2 teams against whom they would play only at home and remaining 2 teams against which they would play only away matches.Thus each team plays 14 matches.Top four teams would qualify for the semi-finals.

In October 2010, the Rajasthan Royals and Kings XI Punjab had their franchises terminated for breaching ownership rules. The new Kochi franchise was also issued a warning to resolve all their ownership disputes.[14] Two months later both teams were finally allowed to take part in the 2011 edition after a court ruling.[15]

Chennai Super Kings won their second consecutive title after defeating the Royal Challengers Bangalore by 58 runs in the final.[16] This is the first time a franchise has won two titles. The top four teams qualified for the 2011 Champions League Twenty20, which the Mumbai Indians won. Fifth season Main articles: 2012 Indian Premier League and List of 2012 Indian Premier League personnel changes Kolkata Knightriders are the most recent champions of the IPL.

The fifth season featured nine teams after the termination of the Kochi franchise and the players auction was held on 4 February 2012. The season saw an increase in the allowed maximum number of players in each squad

from 30 to 33. The season of 76 matches began and ended in Chennai with the opening match on 4 April and the final on 27 May.[17] The Delhi Daredevils, Kolkata Knight Riders, Mumbai Indians and Chennai Super Kings qualified for the playoffs. Delhi daredevils was the top in the table.

This edition of the IPL was the most competitive with 14 matches producing results in the last over, and a couple in the last ball.[18][19] Towards the end of the league, the season faced various hurdles including a spot fixing case, which allegedly included 5 players caught on a sting operation carried on by a local news channel; India TV.[20]

The final of the season was played at the Chidambaram Stadium on 27 May, where the defending champions Chennai Super Kings played against Kolkata Knight Riders. Kolkata Knight Riders won the match in the last over riding on the backs of Manvinder Bisla and Jacques Kallis with 5 wickets and 2 balls to spare, thereby ending Chennai Super King's two year winning streak. IPL Trophy 20082010

The diamond-encrusted trophy of DLF Indian Premier League (IPL) Cricket was designed by Orra brand, owned by Antwerp-based Rosy Blue Group. It comprises a player in a gold leafing. He is shown holding a bat in his hand, next to a map of India. On the map, the names of all the IPL teams have been engraved by rubies. It took a team of as many as 14 craftsmen to make the trophy. Every year, the winners of the IPL T20 tournament are presented with a replica of this trophy, along with the prize money. 20112013

A new trophy was designed for IPL 4 in view of the It has been changed to a large cup.[citation needed] League organisation Franchises

The winning bidders for the eight franchises were announced on 24 January 2008.[21] While the total base price for auction was US $400 million, the auction fetched US $723.59 million.[22]

On 21 March 2010, Pune and Kochi were unveiled as the two new franchises for the fourth edition of the Indian Premier League. The base price was $225 million. While Pune was bought by Sahara Adventure Sports Group for $370 million, the Kochi franchise was bought by Rendezvous Sports World Limited for $333.3 million. The process was to have been completed on 7 March but was postponed by two weeks after many bidders and the BCCI objected to stiff financial clauses.[23] The second franchise auction fetched total $703 million. Indian Premier League is located in India Chennai Super Kings Mumbai Indians Pune Warriors India Royal Challengers Bangalore Delhi Daredevils Kings XI Punjab Rajahstan Royals Kolkata Knight Riders Deccan Chargers Locations of IPL teams Team Name City Owner(s) Captain Head Coach

Chennai Super Kings India Cements Deccan Chargers

Chennai

Gurunath Meiyappan Stephen Fleming

Mahendra Singh Dhoni Hyderabad

T Venkattram Reddy

Deccan Chronicle Group Kumar Sangakkara Darren Lehmann Delhi Daredevils Kings XI Punjab New Delhi Mohali GMR Group Virender Sehwag Ness Wadia, Preity Zinta, Eric Simons

Dabur, Apeejay Surendera Group Kolkata Knight Riders Kolkata

Adam Gilchrist Shahrukh Khan

Michael Bevan

Red Chillies Entertainment Juhi Chawla, Jay Mehta Mumbai Indians Gautam Gambhir Trevor Bayliss

Mumbai

Mukesh Ambani Robin Singh Sourav Ganguly

Reliance Industries Harbhajan Singh Pune Warriors India Dermot Reeve Rajasthan Royals Emerging Media Shilpa Shetty, Raj Kundra Rahul Dravid Royal Challengers Bangalore UB Group Daniel Vettori

Pune Subrato Roy Sahara

Jaipur Lachlan Murdoch

Monty Desai Vijay Mallya

Bangalore Ray Jennings

Kochi Tuskers Kerala (Defunct) Rules Kochi Kochi Cricket Private Ltd

There are five ways that a franchise can acquire a player: In the annual auction, signing domestic players, signing uncapped players, through trading, and signing replacements.[24][25] In the trading window, the player can only be traded with his consent. The franchise will have to pay the difference between the old contract price and the new contract price. If the new contract is worth more than the older one, then the difference will be shared between the player and the franchise selling the player.[26][27]

Some of the team composition rules are:

Minimum squad strength of 16 players plus one physio and a coach. No more than 11 foreign players in the squad and maximum 4 foreign

players should be in the playing eleven. Minimum of 14 Indian players must be included in each squad. A minimum of 6 players from the BCCI under-22 pool in each squad.

IPL games utilize television timeouts, hence there is no time limit for teams to complete their innings. However, there may be a penalty if the umpires find teams misusing this privilege at their own choice. Additionally, each team is awarded two strategic timeouts of 2:30 each per inningsthe teams can take the timeout when instructed, but is necessary to take it from 6th to 9th and 13th to 16th over.

The total spending cap for a franchisee in the first player auction was US $5 million. Under-22 players are to be remunerated with a minimum annual salary of US $20,000 while for others it is US $50,000. The most expensive players in the IPL to date is Gautam Gambhir of India fetched the highest price of $2.4 million from Kolkata Knight Riders at the auction for season 4 Statistics and records Main article: List of Indian Premier League records and statistics Winners Season Winners Runners-up Semi-finalists Chennai Super Kings Teams

2008 Rajasthan Royals Daredevils 8 2009 Deccan Chargers Chennai Super Kings Season Winners

Kings XI Punjab, Delhi Delhi Daredevils, Teams

Royal Challengers Bangalore 8

Runners-up Third place Fourth place Mumbai Indians 8 Royal Challengers

2010 Chennai Super Kings Bangalore Deccan Chargers

2011 Chennai Super Kings Royal Challengers Bangalore Indians Kolkata Knight Riders 10 2012 Kolkata Knight Riders Mumbai Indians 9 Chennai Super Kings

Mumbai

Delhi Daredevils

\ Prize money [icon] This section requires expansion. (May 2011)

The IPL offers a total INR25 crore in prize money.[28]

Champions: INR10 crore Runner-up: INR7.5 crore Third place: INR3.75 crore Fourth place: INR3.75 crore No prize money for remaining teams

The IPL is expected to bring the BCCI an income of approximately US$1.6 billion, over a period of five to ten years. All of these revenues are directed to a central pool, 40% of which will go to IPL itself, 54% to franchisees and 6% as prize money. The money will be distributed in these proportions until 2017, after which the share of IPL will be 50%, franchisees 45% and prize money 5%. The IPL signed up Kingfisher Airlines as the official umpire partner for the series in a INR106 crore (US$19.19 million) (approximately 15 million) deal. This deal sees the Kingfisher Airlines brand on all umpires' uniforms and also on the giant screens during third umpire decisions.[29] Television rights

On 17 January 2008 it was announced that a consortium consisting of India's Sony Entertainment Television network and Singapore-based World Sport Group secured the global broadcasting rights of the Indian Premier League. [30] The record deal has a duration of ten years at a cost of US $1.026 billion. As part of the deal, the consortium will pay the BCCI US $918 million for the

television broadcast rights and US $108 million for the promotion of the tournament.[31] This deal was challenged in the Bombay High Court by IPL, and got the ruling on its side. After losing the battle in court, Sony Entertainment Television signed a new contract with BCCI with Sony Entertainment Television paying INR8,700 crore (US$1.57 billion) for 10 years. One of the reasons for payment of this huge amount is seen as the money required to subsidise IPL's move to South Africa which will be substantially more than the previous IPL. IPL had agreed to subsidise the difference in operating cost between India and South Africa as it decided to move to the African nation after the security concerns raised because of its coincidence with India's general elections.

20% of these proceeds would go to IPL, 8% as prize money and 72% would be distributed to the franchisees. The money would be distributed in these proportions until 2012, after which the IPL would go public and list its shares (But in March 2010, IPL decided not to go public).[32]

Sony-WSG then re-sold parts of the broadcasting rights geographically to other companies.It is officially broadcasted on Set Max and in internet in Times internet.

On 4 March 2010 ITV announced it had secured the United Kingdom television rights for the 2010 Indian Premier League. ITV will televise 59 of the 60 IPL matches on its ITV4 free to air channel.[33]

On 1 April 2011, Rogers Media announced that it signed a four year exclusive deal in Canada to broadcast 36 group stage matches, 3 playoff matches and 1 championship match on its channel Sportsnet One.[34] In the 2012 season, its coverage will also include a weekly highlight show and four matches on its Omni Television multicultural stations, and the IPL Final will be broadcast on the main Sportsnet regional channels.[35] Winning Bidder Regional Broadcast Rights Terms of Deal

Sony Entertainment Television/World Sport Group Nepal, Bangladesh 10 years, 20082017 at INR8,700 crore (US$1.57 billion) (revised)[30] The Times Group Worldwide Global Rights to distribute on broadband, mobile and radio. 4 Years 20112014, Terms not released.[36]

GEO Super

Pakistan

Terms not released. Sri Lanka Terms not released.

Carlton Sports Network Network Ten (2008) One (20092010) Network TEN.

Australia: Free-to-air HD and SD television. Owned by 5 years, 20082012 at A$1015 million.[37] Terms

Sky Network Television (20082010, 2012present) New Zealand not released. PCCW Hong Kong: Broadcast rights on Now TV. 2011 terms not released. StarHub released Singapore: Broadcast rights on Cricket Extra. Terms not released.

2 years, 2010 Terms not

Astro Malaysia

SuperSport South Africa, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Ivory Coast, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, So Tom and Prncipe Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe 10 Years, 20082017 terms not released. Arab Digital Distribution United Arab Emirates, Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, Yemen

Broadcast rights on CricOne 10 Years, 20082017 terms not released.[38] ITV (2010) Setanta Sports (20082009) United Kingdom: Broadcast on ITV4. 4 Years 20112014, Terms not released. SportsMax Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, British Virgin Islands, Barbados, Bermuda, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guyana, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Martin, Sint Maarten, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands,

United States Virgin Islands

Terms not released

Sportsnet One/World/Omni (2011present) Asian Television Network (2008 2010) ATN-Asian Radio (2008present) Canada: Exclusive broadcast rights. 4 years, 20112014 terms not released. Willow TV (20082010) United States Rights to distribute on television, radio, broadband and Internet, for the IPL in North America. 5 years, 20082012, terms not released.[39] NEO Cricket (2013) Dish Network (2008, 2013) DirecTV (20082010) United States Terms not released. Sponsorships

India's biggest property developer DLF Group paid US$50 million to be the title sponsor of the tournament for 5 years from 2008 to 2012.[40]

Other year sponsorship agreements include a deal with motorcycle maker Hero Honda worth $22.5-million, one with PepsiCo worth $12.5-million, and a deal with beer and airline conglomerate Kingfisher at $26.5-million.[41] Revenue and Profits

The UK-based brand consultancy, Brand Finance, has valued the IPL at $4.13 billion (Rs 18,998 crore) in 2010.[42] It was valued at US$2.01 billion in 2009 by the same consultancy.[43]

There are disputed figures for the profitability of the teams. One analyst said that four teams out of the eight made a profit in 2009.[44] While The Times said that all but Kings XI Punjab made a profit.[45]

In 2010, the IPL expects to have 80 official merchandising deals. It has signed a deal with Swiss watchmaker Bandelier to make official watches for the IPL. [46]

According to a recent study by a UK-based brand valuation consultancy, the

brand value of the IPL has more than doubled to USD 4.13 billion (over Rs 18,000 crore) from USD 2.01 billion in 2009.[47]

The franchises have been a part of this growth. The Mumbai Indians have a brand value of USD 79.13 million which places them at the top of the table. The csk franchise has moved up the ladder with a valuation of USD 63.58 million. Kolkata Knight Riders co-owned by Bollywood actor Shahrukh Khan comes in third with a valuation of USD 57.59 million and the Rajasthan Royals, co-owned by Bollywood actress Shilpa Shetty comes in last with USD 33.78 million. The Royal Challengers Bangalore, owned by Vijay Mallya, is ranked fourth with a valuation of USD 55.13 million and is followed by the, Delhi Daredevils (USD 40.85 million) and Kings XI Punjab ( USD 35.75 million). The Deccan Chargers are at the sixth with a valuation of USD 38.76 million. Rank Franchise 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Brand Valued $79.13 m $75.58 m $57.576 m $55.13 m

Mumbai Indians

Chennai Super Kings Kolkata Knight Riders

Royal Challengers Bangalore Delhi Daredevils Deccan Chargers Kings XI Punjab Rajasthan Royals $40.85 m $38.76 m $35.75 m $33.78 m

Controversy about tax exemption

A controversy was triggered when the Centre gave away potential revenue of INR 45 crore by granting exemption to International Cricket Council (ICC) on the revenue generated from the recently concluded World Cup Cricket Tournament.[48][49] In connection the PIL filed by Shiv Sena leader Subhash Desai seeking a direction to the Maharashtra government and the Income Tax Department to recover entertainment tax from IPL. He also asked the petitioner to make Sharad Pawar a party if he wanted to make allegations against him as he headed the apex cricketing body two years ago.[50]

In August 2011, Finance minister Pranab Mukherjee said Tuesday that the Income Tax Department is probing allegations of financial irregularities and "criminal activities" against some of the franchisees in the Indian Premier League (IPL)[51]

In June 2011, the Chennai High Court said it could not appreciate the tax exemption to the Indian Premier League and sought a response from Tamil Nadu government on the issue. The PIL filed by Vasan, alias Sakthi Vasan, had contended that the matches conducted by the IPL are for the entertainment of the public.He submitted that the tickets for the IPL matches were being sold at exorbitant rates and the higher range of tickets are purchased by the rich and the affluent. The petitioner said the Income Tax Department was the authority for regulating the tariff for entertainment, which he said would include the IPL matches, but the department failed to regulate the (IPL) tariff. [52] Mobile applications

DCI Mobile Studios (A division of Dot Com Infoway Limited), in conjunction with Sigma Ventures of Singapore, have jointly acquired the rights to be the exclusive Mobile Application partner and rights holder for the Indian Premier League cricket matches worldwide for the next 8 years (including the 2017 season). Recently[when?], they have released the IPL T20 Mobile applications for iPhone, Nokia Smartphones and BlackBerry devices. Soon it will be made available across all other major Mobile platforms including the Android, Windows Mobile, Palm & others.[53] Official website

The IPL negotiated a contract with the Canadian company Live Current Media Inc. to run and operate its portals and the minimum guarantee has been negotiated at US $50 million over the next 10 years.[54] The official website of the tournament is www.iplt20.com. Incorporating popular forms of social media, the website now contains a more holistic presence across all online mediums to empower user interaction. Global interest

The third season of the IPL saw interest rise dramatically in the United

Kingdom, due to telecasts being moved from the subscription-based Setanta Sports to the free-to-air ITV4. Lalit Modi, then Chairman and Commissioner, also expressed immense satisfaction on the way IPL has been accepted by the British audience. "ITV beats Sky Sports over the weekend in number of viewers. This is great going. The ITV numbers are double that of rugby league. This is huge by all imaginations. UK figures for viewership on ITV already 10 times that of last year. This is just fantastic news," he said.[55] See also Portal icon cricket portal

List of controversies involving the Indian Premier League Players in Indian Premier League Champions League Twenty20

References

^ "Indian Premier League / Records / Most runs". Cricinfo. ^ "Indian Premier League / Records / Most wickets". Cricinfo. ^ Income Tax team visits IPL headquarter in Mumbai,chennai. in.com ^ I-T Raids at IPL Headquarter at [[Board of Control for Cricket in India|BCCI in Mumbai, reports NDTV] ^ "BCCI AGM 2011: Rajiv Shukla appointed IPL chief". Sahara Samay. 19 September 2011. Retrieved 12 December 2011. ^ "BCCI asks players, officials to steer clear of ICL". The Hindu (Chennai, India). 25 June 2007. Retrieved 23 March 2010. ^ "IPL matches to be broadcast live on Youtube". Cricinfo. 20 January 2010. Retrieved 21 January 2010. ^ "Brand IPL comes under a cloud". Business-standard. 8 April 2011. Retrieved 12 December 2011. ^ "Why is the Indian Premier League floundering?". BBC News. Retrieved 15 May 2012.

^ "A Tax Inquiry Jolts the World of Indian Cricket". New York Times. Retrieved 15 May 2012. ^ "2008 ipl". cric.info. ^ Finally, Kochi IPL franchise gets go-ahead from BCCI Times of India, published: 6 December 2010, accessed: 18 December 2010 ^ IPL to have 74 matches for next three seasons, Times of India ^ Indian Premier League expels two teams in ownership row BBC Sport, published: 10 October 2010, accessed: 11 October 2010 ^ In 2011 IPL , there will be a total of 10 teams with 5 teams in each pool. Its going to be a different game altogether this year The winner of top two position will have a match against the winner of match of third and fourth position for the championship position. ^ Dinakar, S. (28 May 2011). "Dhoni and his men are toast of Chennai". The Hindu (Chennai, India). ^ "IPL 2012". Dainik Jagran. jagran.com. 20 April 2012. Retrieved 20 April 2012. ^ CricketCountry Staff (6 May 2012). "IPL 2012: Most close finishes this year". New Delhi: Cricketcountry.com. Retrieved 26 May 2012. ^ "Last-gasp IPL thrillers stressful for players, spectators: Morkel". The Times of India. IANS (New Delhi). 18 May 2012. Retrieved 18 May 2012. ^ Basu, Indranil (16 May 2012). "BCCI suspends 5 cricketers for IPL spot fixing". The Times of India (New Delhi). Retrieved 26 May 2012. ^ "Cricket". The Times Of India. ^ "Cricinfo Big business and Bollywood grab stakes in IPL". ESPNcricinfo. 24 January 2008. Retrieved 12 December 2011. ^ Pune and Kochi unveiled as new IPL franchises ^ Slow trading with all eyes on auction, Brief discussion of IPL rules on acquiring players. ^ IPL lays down guidelines for replacements, Discusses IPL rules on buying replacement players players. ^ IPL rules when trading players. Cricinfo.com ^ "New Rules of IPL 5". http://www.invectura.com. 2012-03-30. Retrieved

2012-03-30. ^ Live Match: IPL 2011 MI vs RCB, Match 54 ROW (Television production). Indiatimes. 2011. Event occurs at 1:31. Retrieved 2011-05-10. ^ "Kingfisher Airlines named IPL's umpire partner". The Economic Times (India). 20 March 2008. Retrieved 8 May 2009. ^ a b "Sony and World Sports Group bag IPL television rights". Cricinfo. 14 January 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008. ^ "Billion dollar rights deal for IPL". The Australian. 15 January 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008. ^ IndranilBasu (27 January 2008). "Does the IPL model make sense?". The Times of India. Retrieved 21 March 2008. ^ "ITV to screen IPL in 2010". ITV. 4 March 2010. ^ "IPL Cricket live on Sportsnet". Rogers Sportsnet. 1 April 2011. ^ http://www.sportsnet.ca/pressroom/2012/04/02/indian_premier_league/ ^ "Times Group-led consortium wins IPL internet, mobile rights". The Times Of India. ^ "Cricinfo Australia to get live coverage of IPL". 2 February 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008. ^ ADD secures IPL telecast rights for Middle East and North Africa ^ "IPL: Willow TV gets TV rights for the Americas". Cricket Next. 9 April 2008. Retrieved 12 December 2011. ^ "Kushal Pal Singh". Forbes. 031109. Retrieved 9 March 2010. ^ "Five-year sponsorship agreements". Globe and Mail (Toronto). 230310. Retrieved 23 March 2010. ^ "Stiff clauses leave only 4 in race for IPL teams". The Economic Times (India). 6 March 2010. Retrieved 9 March 2010. ^ Brand IPL touches the sky. Iplt20.com ^ IPL teams become hot commodity LiveMint article ^ Lalit Modi ambition could create problems for IPL franchises ^ IPL targets 80 licensing and merchandising deals this year

^ "Indian Premier League | IPLT20 Brand IPL touches the sky". Iplt20.com. 22 March 2010. Retrieved 12 December 2011. ^ Rs. 45 crore tax exemption to ICC for World Cup unjustified ^ Tax exemptions for rich costs govt Rs 4.6L cr ^ Make Pawar party in IPL tax exemption case: Bombay HC ^ Govt agencies probing irregularities in IPL, franchisees ^ Cannot appreciate tax exemption to IPL: Madras HC ^ DCI Mobile studios and; Sigma Ventures acquire global mobile Applications rights for IPL T20 ^ "Live Current Media Inc. and DLF Indian Premier League To Launch IPLT20.com as Official IPL Online Destination". livecurrent.com. 18 April 2008. ^ "Record ratings for IPL in the UK". http://www.iplt20.com.

External links

Official website 2012 Indian Premier League at ESPNcricinfo

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