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Thecompanyislaunchingtwonewproducts havinglargesalespotential: Product1:8glassdoorwithaluminumframing($3000profit/batch) Product2:4x6doublehungwoodframedwindow($5000profit/batch) Product1requiressomeoftheproductioncapacityinPlants1(1hr/batch)and3(3hr/batch).Product2 requiresPlants2(2hr/batch)and3(2hr/batch).Marketinghasdeterminedthatthecompanycouldsell asmanyofeitherproductasproductionallows.Determinewhatmixofproductsnetthelargestprofit consideringthattheamountofavailabletimeforPlant1is4hours,Plant2is12hours,andPlant3is18 hoursperweek. ProblemFormulation Sinceweregoingtobemaximizingourprofit(Determinewhatmixofproductsnetthelargestprofit) Product1:8glassdoorwithaluminumframing($3000profit/batch)Product2:4x6doublehung woodframedwindow($5000profit/batch)isourtargetfunctionstatement,sincethesearethe statementsthatdealdirectlywithprofit.Ourtargetfunction:Z=3000a+5000b Product1requiressomeoftheproductioncapacityinPlants1(1hr/batch)and3(3hr/batch).Product 2requiresPlants2(2hr/batch)and3(2hr/batch).Marketinghasdeterminedthatthecompanycould sellasmanyofeitherproductasproductionallows.Determinewhatmixofproductsnetthelargest profitconsideringthattheamountofavailabletimeforPlant1is4hours,Plant2is12hours,andPlant 3is18hoursperweek.iswhereweseeourconstraints.Theconstraintsarematchedbycolorandform ourfullsetofconstraints:
Inaddition,wecantallownegativeproduction,soaandbwillbenonnegative. Insummary: Maximize: SubjectTo: With: Z=3000a+5000b a<=4 2b<=12 3a+2b<=18 a,b>=0 UsingaSpreadsheetSolverSetup Nowthatwehaveourproblemformulation,weneedtoputallofourrelevantinformationintoa spreadsheet.Thisisequivalentacrossallthreepotentialsolvers,soweonlyputonespreadsheetfor now:
Lookingatspecificcells(notethatthehighlightsarecompletelyoptional): G7,G8,G9thesecellsarethecoefficientsofthelefthandsidesofourthreeconstraints C7:C9,D7:D9thesecellsaretherighthandsidesofourthreeconstraints C4,D4thesecellsareourprofitperunitforeachofourproducts C12,D12thesecellswestartas0andwillbeadjustedbytheSolver.Theyrepresentthenumberof unitsofeachproduct. Inaddition,wellneedsomecellsthatwilldosomecalculationsforus.UnderHoursUsed: E7=C7*C12 E8=D8*D12 E9=C9*C12+D9*D12
Eachoftheseequationsrepresentmultiplyingthehoursusedperunitforeachplant(rows79)bythe numberofunits(row12). Wellalsoneedonemorecalculation,forourtotalprofits(ourZfunction): G12=C12*C4+D12*D4 UsingaSpreadsheetSolverSolving! WenowhaveourspreadsheetsetupandwecanmoveontousingtheSolvertosolveourlinear programmingproblem.IfyoudontalreadyhaveavariantofSolverinstalled,seethesectionon installation(Googlesisbuiltin). Tostart,weneedtofireupSolverbyclickingonSolverinExcelorTools>SolverinGoogle Spreadsheets. TofindSolverinExcel:ClickonData,thenSolver.
ForMac,starttheSolverapp. Youshouldseeoneofthefollowingscreens(Windows,Mac,Google):
Ineithercase,youwanttomakesurethatthecellistherightone.Inourexampleabove,wewantthis celltobeG12,butitmaybedifferentdependingonhowyouhavethingsformatted. Thenextitemtoaddressistochoosewhatcellsaretobemanipulatedbythesoftwareinorderto maximize(orminimizeasthecasemaybe)ourtargetcell.InExcel,thisishandledbytheByChanging Cells:textbox,inGooglethisistakencareofbytheCellstoChangetextbox.Onespecialnotethe Googletextboxallowsyoutoputyournonnegativeconditionsinatthesametime.Justcheckthebox nexttothetextbox.Again,intheExcelversion,wehaveabuttontotherightsideofthetextboxthat allowsustochooseourcells,andintheGoogleversion,wehavetomanuallyenterthatinformationor clickonthetextboxthenclickontheappropriatecell.Thevariouspiecesarehighlightedbelow: Forourexample,wewantthecellsC12andD12becausethenumbersofunitsthatweproducearethe parameterswecandirectlycontrol.
WhenyouclickAddinExcel,youllgetsomeoptions:
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