Septic Tank Design

Assignment

In

Advanced Water and Wastewater Engineering By

Raji, M.O. (05/30GB090)
Department of Civil Engineering University of Ilorin, Nigeria CVE 691 Course Lecturer: Dr. A.A. Aremu

March, 26th 2013

Calculation 1. Design a septic tank for the following data; Number of people = 100 Sewage/Capacity/day =120 litres De-sludging period =1 year What would be the size of its soak well if the effluent from septic tank is to be discharged in it, assume percolation rate of the soak well is to be 1250 l/m3/d? Solution Quantity of the sewage produced per day =12,000litres/day The capacity of the tank = quantity of the sewage produced during the detention period = 12000 2424 = 12,000 Assuming: The rate of sludge deposit = 30litres/capita/year De-sludging period = 1 year

The quantity of sludge deposited = 30 100 1 = 3,000 Total required capacity of the tank= 12,000 + 3,000 = 15,000 = 153 Assuming the depth of the tank as 1.5m, the cross-sectional area of the tank= 1.5 =
15

102 Using an L: B as 4:1, we have 4 2 = 10 = 2.5 = 1.5 = 4 1.5 = 6 Adding 0.3m for freeboard, overall depth 1.5 + 0.3 = 1.8 Hence, tank size= . . .

Design of soak well Assuming percolation rate = 1250/3 /

2

Sewage outflow = 12,000/ Volume of filtering media required for the soak well = Therefore, the diameter of soak well required, = Therefore, the diameter of soak well = .
12000 1250

= 9.63

4.84

= 2.47 = 2.5

Question 2. Estimate the size of a septic tank (Length to Width ratio 2.25, liquid depth 2m with 300mm free board), De-sludging interval in years and the total trench area (m2) of the percolation field for a small colony of 300 people. Assume water supply of 100 litres per capital per day. Waste water flow at 80% of water consumption, sludge production of 0.04m3/capital/year and retention time of 3 days at start up. De sludging is done when the tank is one-third full of sludge. A percolation test indicated an allowable hydraulic loading of 100l/m2/day. Solution 1. Septic tank Given = 2.25 = 2 = 0.3 = 300 = 100// = 80% = 100/2 / = 0.043 // = 3

Water supplied to the colony= 100 300 = 30,000/ Sewage produced= 80% 30000 = 24,000/ Sewage retained= 24000 3 = 72,000 = 723 If de-sludging is done when the tank is filled up to 13 of its capacity. Capacity= + = 72 + 3 23 = 723
3

 = 1083 Assume , = 2 = 1082 = 562

= 2.25

= 2.25 2.25 = 56 = 4.9 = 2.25 4.9 = 11.10 Overall depth= 2.0 + 0.3() = 2.3 Hence, dimension of the tank= . . .

2. Soak well Sludge volume removed in desludging= 3 = 1083 = 363 = 0.04 . 300 = 123 / Sewage outflow= 723 363 of sludge will therefore be produced in 112 36 = 3 Hence, desludging interval=
3

Hydraulic loading of percolation trench= 100/2 / Outflowing sewage per 3 days= 723 Outflowing sewage per 1 day= 243 = 24,000/

Trench area required= 100 /2 / =

24,0000 /