Professional Documents
Culture Documents
14 : 543-24,543842
Indian
METHODS
IS : 228 (Part
1 ) - 1987
Standard
FOR CHEMICAL
ANALYSIS
OF STEELS
PART 1 DETERMINATION
OF CARBON BY VOLUMETRIC
( FOR CARBON 0.05 TO 250 PERCENT )
METHOD
( Third Revision )
of carbon in th,
of Carbon
2;l Outline of the MethodThe sample is burnt in a current of pure oxygen in presence of a suitable
flux. Combustion of the sample in a stream of oxygen, thus converts all the carbon present to carbor
dioxide. After removal of sulphurous gases by suitable absorbents, the carbon dioxide gas is collectec
in a specially jacketed burette along with excess of oxygen.
The carbon dioxide is then absorbed ir
alkali.
On passing the excess oxygen back to the burrette, the contraction in volume is read agains
s scale, calibrated directly to the percentage of carbon.
3. Sampling-The
sample is cleaned
before use. )
be tested
for satisfactory
working
against
standard
steel o
5.2 For Plain Carbon Steel- Take one gram of an accurately weighed and clean sample free from
extraneous carbon in the form of small drillings or shavings in a porcelain boat which can withstand
3 temperature of 1 150C without breaking or cracking.
5.2.1
1I 1ooc.
Introduce
the boat
into
the
hot combustion
tube
in the furnace
kept
at 1000
ta
G, 2
--..-
.___
~-
IS:228(Partl)-1987
collected and measured gas twice into the absorbing bulb, till constant reading is obtarncd. Record
the burette reading. On the basis of one gram of sample taken for analysis, the burette is graduated
to measure directly the percentage of carbon.
6.5.1 Examine the combustion
boat for complete
repeat the determination with a fresh sample.
5.6 Blank-Run
a blank experiment on the same quantity
and make the appropriate CorrectiOnS.
of accelerators
if not thoroughly
used, without
fused,
any sample
5.7 Calcolation
Carbon, percent = (A - B ) x F
where
A = burette reading after absorption
sample,
and
APPENDIX
INDIAN
IS : 228
STANDARDS
ON METHODS
FOR CHEMICAL
ANALYSIS
OF STEELS
( Part 3 )-I987
by alkalimetric
Determination
of phosphorus
( Part
4)-1987
Determination of carbon by gravimetric
percent ) (f/Cd revision)
( Part
5)-1987
Determination of nickel by dimethylgfyoxime
( for nickel 3: 01 percent ) ( third revision)
(Part
tj)-1987
Determination
of chromium by persulphate
chromium > 01 percent ) (third revision)
(Part
7)-1974
Determination
of molybdenum
by or-benzoinoxime
molybdenum > 1 percent ) ( second revision)
(Part
8)-1975
Determination
of silicon by
> 01 percent) (second revision)
( Part
9)-1975
Determination
(second revision )
of sulphur
method
the gravimetric
(g&metric
oxidation
method
) method
method ( for
met!wd
(for
(for
silicon
method
( Part IO)-1976
Determination of molybdenum by thiocyanate (photometric)
method
( for molybdenum
up to 1 percent) in low and high alloy steels (second
revision )
( Part 11 )-I 976 Determination of silicon by photometric method in carbon steels and
low alloy steels ( for silicon 001 to 005 percent ) (second revision )
( Part 12)-1988
Determination
of manganese by periodate (spectrophotometric)
method in low and high alloy steels (for manganese Up to 001 to 200 percent )(second revision)
(Part 13)-1982
Determination of arsenic
(Part 14 )-1987
Determination of carbon by thermal conductivity
0.005 to 2000 percent )
TABLE 7
730
732
734
736
738
740
742
744
CORRECTlON
746
748
FACTORS
750
752
754
.-_
_ ,_-
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
-.
(5)
(6)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(!l)
(12)
(13)
(14)
(151
0.967
0,962
0.356
0953
o343
0.970
0.365
0961
0 956
0.352
0,972
0.368
0933
0359
O-964
0.975
0370
0966
D961
0.957
0.978
0.973
0963
O-953
0,964
0.930 0.983
0.976 0978
0,971 0374
O-Q67 0969
0962 O-965
O-986
0,981
0,977
0.972
0.967
0,988
O-Q84
0.979
0.975
0.370
0.99,
0,987
0.382
0.977
0.973
0994
0.389
0.985
0.380
0.375
0,996
0,392
0.987
0983
0.978
0.999
0.995
0,990
o.985
098,
20
O-937
0.942
0932
O-927
0.922
0944
0940
0.935
0,930
0.325
0.342
O-947
O-337
0.933
O-928
0950
0345 O-947
O-952
0940 0.943
0.935 0,338
O-930 .0.333
0,950
O-935
0945
0.957
O-953
0,948
0,943
0.938
0960
0.955
0.950
0.346
0.94,
0.963
O-958
0.953
0 $42
0.943
0.965
O-96,
0.956
C.95,
0,946
0,968
0.963
0,958
0,954
0.949
0.071
O-966
O.Qti,
O-956
0.95,
0.973
0.968
0.964
0.959
O-954
O-913
0.918
0.508
0.903
0,897
0.915
0.920
0910
0,905
0900
O-918
0.923
0.9i3
0.908
0903
0320
0.325
O-915
0.910
0906
0.323
0.928
O-918
0.913
0.308
0.331
0926 0.933
0.021 0.928
0 QiG 0.923
0310 0,318
0.913
0.336
0,931
0.926
0.92,
O.Si5
0~332
0,333
0,928
0 923
O.Qi8
0 S4,
0~936
0 93,
0.926
0.920
0.944
0.939
0.~~34
O-928
0.923
0.946
0.94,
o.!j36
O-33,
0.926
0887
0892
O-882
0876
0.870
0.889
0.895
0,864
0,878
0.873
0.897
O-892
0886
0.881
0.875
0.300
0834
0889
0.884
0878
0.897
0,302
0892
0.886
O-860
0-330
0.335
0,894
0.869
0.863
0308
0.902
O-897
O-891
0866
0.9io
0305
0~893
0.894
0.668
0+13
0307
0.902
0 896
089,
0915
0,310
0 904
0.599
0.893
0%x8
0.912
0.907
0.30,
O-696
36
35
37
C.853
0.865
O-853
O-847
0.841
0.861
0.867
0.856
O-850
0.843
O-864
0.870
0.858
O-862
0846
0.866
0,872
0-860
0.854
0848
0.869
0875
O-863
O-857
0.851
0.877
0,866
0.871
9.859
O-853
0.880
0,874
0.866
O-862
0.856
0~882 0885
0876 0.879
0870 0873
0864 0-667
0858 0.861
0,667
O-882
0 8,6
0869
0863
40
0828
0.835
0.822
0815
0808
O-831
0.837
0824
0818
0.811
0.833
C.840
0.827
0620
0813
0,836
0842
0829
0822
0816
0838
0844
0832
0.825
0618
0847
0841
0.843
0850
0846
0.852
0.848
0,854
0.850
0857
0.827
0.834 0836
0~.820 0830
0623
0839
0832
0.625
0.841
0.835
0828
0.801
0.804
0.806
0809
0.811
0.814
0818
0.821
25
2
43
44
45
O-340
0.936
0.816
760
762
764
766
708
770
(19)
(20)
(21)
(22)
-.-
O-964
0.960
0955
0.351
OS46
24
768
--
15
10
17
18
13
2;
23
0
(7)
756
(16)
(17)
(18)
--..
. . _,
i.002
0.997
0.993
0.988
0.983
1.005 1.007
1~000 1003
O-995 0338
0391 0993
0986 0983
1.010
1,005
1.00,
0396
0331
1.013
1008
1.003
0.939
0394
1015
1011
1WX
1.001
O-996
l-018
1013
1009
1004
O-999
0976
O-97,
O,g(iG
0.96,
0956
0978
0.974
0.963
0.964
0.959
0.981
0,976
0.972
0967
0,962
O-984
0979
09,4
0-303
0964
0.986
0.982
0977
0.972
0.961
0989
0.984
0~979
0.974
O-QG7
0992
0987
0.982
0.977
O.Q72
0994
0990
0985
0 9~0
0~975
0.949
O-944
0.939
0.934
0.928
O-95,
0.946
0.34,
0.936
0.93,
0.954
094~
0.944
0.939
O-933
0.95,
0~~52
0.946
O-94,
0,936
0-959
0,954
o-949
0,944
O-938
O-362
0357
0.952
0946
0.94,
0.964
O-953
oS54
0343
0944
0967
0.962
0.357
0952
0346
OS/0
O~QVt
9S
0954
O-949
0920
0.315
0.309
0.904
0.898
0.923
0.91,
0912
0,906
0.90,
0.925
0920
o-914
0~~0~
0.903
0.928
0,922
0,917
0.91,
0906
O-930
o-925
~920
0,914
0908
0.933
0,928
0.922
0916
0.91,
0936
0930
0.925
0,913
0.913
0938
0.333
O-927
0922
0.916
0941
0935
0330
0924
O-318
0943
O-338
O-932
0327
0,321
0690
0,884
0.878
0,672
0.666
0892
0.866
0.860
0874
0668
0895
0%8Q
0663
0-8,~
0.67,
0.897
0.892
0866
0.873
0.873
0~900
0894
0.888
0.862
0.676
Oc3,2
C-896
O-690
O-684
0.678
0.905
0893
C-893
0.667
0.86,
OS07
0902
0.696
0669
0683
O-910
0.904
o-698
0892
0.886
0912
0.906
0300
0894
0.888
0315
0.909
0.903
0,837
0830
0.644
0.837
0630
0,859
0.653
0846
0.840
@633
0662
0.855
0849
0842
0.835
0.664
0.656
065,
0.644
0.638
0.867
0.660
0.654
0847
0.640
0.869
0863
0.856
0.849
o-642
0872
0.866
0.859
0.652
0.845
0.874
0.668
0.86,
0.854.
0.84,
0877
0.870
&864
0857
0650
0879
0.873
0866
0.659
0652
0882
0875
0.868
0.862
0.655
0.884
0.818
0870
0.864
0.857
0823
0626
0.828
0830
0,833
0835
0838
0840
0.843
0.645
0848
0850
IS:,228(Partl)-1987
EXPLANATORY
NOTE
are as follows:
factors
from