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2011-26802
Date Performed: August 1, 2013 Experiment No. 8 Calorimetry I. Objectives a. To be able to observe and measure the heat changes occuring in a physical or chemical process by performing a calorimetry experiment b. To be able to differentiate exothermic processes from endothermic processes c. To be able to correlate the different concepts in thermochemistry (i.e. enthalpy, heat capacity, change in temperature, constant pressure) Diagrams/Figures for Special Set-ups
Thermometer Rubber stopper
II.
20 ml test tube
Calorimeter Set-up III. Outline/Schematic Diagram of Procedure A. Materials Styrofoam cube or ball 50 ml graduated cylinder Rubber stopper 1.00 HCL Thermometer 1.00 M NaOH 6 test tube 1.00 M HNO3
B. Preparation
Carve out a hole at a potion of the Styrofoam cube, enough to fit a 20 ml test tube
As shown in II Calorimeter Set-up, insert a rubber-stoppered 6" test tube into the carved hole
Insert a thermometer into the rubber stopper such that the bulb of the thermometer would be half way inside the test tube
*Only the rubber stopper with the inserted thermometer would be visible on the surface of the Styrofoam cube.
tinitial
Remove top of calorimeter (rubber stopper and thermometer)
tfinal
Make a graph of temperature (in oC) vs. time (in sec)
Record temperature - time data at 30-sec intervals, swirling contents occasionally, continue 'til constant
Lift the top of calorimeter, add 5.0 ml 1.0 M NaOH, replace top immediately
Continue taking temptime data until temp is constant or increasing at constant rate (tfinal)
Compute for enthalpy of reaction of HNO3 and NaOH Make a graph of temperature (in oC) vs. time (in sec) using the computed heat capacity of the calorimeter
IV.
Special Notes Waste Disposal: 1. Dilute all solutions with tap water and flush directly down the sink with copious running water. 2. Dispose the used Styrofoam into the Solid Waste container.