Hydraulic pump/motor efficiencies

Volumetric losses
Leakage flow losses, ql p/ Compression flow losses , qc f()p/e

TMMS10, Karl-Erik Rydberg

Hydromechanical losses
Friction losses (dry, viscous), Mf f()p Pressure losses (line flow, acc.), p 2n2 Splash losses (parts rotating in oil), Mfs n2
2009-03-23 Karl-Erik Rydberg

Volumetric losses in axial piston pumps

Qep=pDpnpvp
1-vp

2009-03-23

Karl-Erik Rydberg

Hydro-mech. losses in axial piston pumps

1

hmp

Tp =

p Dp 1 p hmp 2

2009-03-23

Karl-Erik Rydberg

Comparison of efficiency models

In-line pump, Sauer SPV 22
New model, Rydberg

2009-03-23

Karl-Erik Rydberg

Results from new model: p=1.0, p=35 MPa

In-line machines, Sauer

2009-03-23

Karl-Erik Rydberg

Results from new model: p=0.49, p=21 MPa

In-line machines, Sauer

2009-03-23

Karl-Erik Rydberg

Volymetric pump efficiency

p = 1.0
Volumetric efficiency [-]

p = 1.0 p = 0.5
Volumetric efficiency [-]

p = 0.5

p = 25 MPa

p = 35 MPa

Pump speed [rpm]

Pump speed [rpm]

2009-03-23

Karl-Erik Rydberg

Constant power transformation by hydraulic motor

(m=1, variable p / variable m, p=35 MPa)

2009-03-23

Karl-Erik Rydberg

Optimal oil viscosity

Pump overall efficiency:

Dynamic oil viscosity () for maximum overall efficiency:

High pressure drop (pd) and low speed (np) requires high viscosity!
2009-03-23 Karl-Erik Rydberg

Bent-axis motor overall efficiency for different viscosities

2009-03-23

Karl-Erik Rydberg

In-line pump overall efficiency for different viscosities

2009-03-23

Karl-Erik Rydberg

Optimum viscosity range - Pump

Hydro-mechanical efficiency hmp

np = 500 rpm

Volumetric efficiency

vp

hmp Overall vp efficiency

Fluid viscosity [cSt]

np = 3000 rpm

vp hmp

The oil viscosity that gives max overall efficiency for an axialpiston pump is determined by its speed and pressure difference. Motors shows the same characteristics.

vpefficiency hmp Overall

Fluid viscosity [cSt]

2009-03-23

Karl-Erik Rydberg

Efficiency at partial torque loading

2009-03-23

Karl-Erik Rydberg

Hydro-mechanical motor losses

Relative torque losses

Motor displacement setting = 1, p = 35 MPa

Relative torque losses, Tf/Ti

b4 m ( pH + m pL ) n m 1 + n p 0m

Motor shaft speed [rps]

2009-03-23 Karl-Erik Rydberg

Relative torque losses In-line motor

Low speed losses
4,77 102 ( pH + 24 pL ) n 0 , 9 1,0 p 1 + 1,67 p = p H p L
Sauer SMV 24 = 1,0

2009-03-23

Karl-Erik Rydberg

Saw Motor with Power Boost - Parker

Parker Power BoostTM

mt 0,83
(Theoretical power)

mt 0,76

2009-03-23

Karl-Erik Rydberg

High efficient pump - Axial Piston Pump Based on the

Floating Cup Principle, Peter Achten, Innas BV
Total efficiency of the floating cup pump, Dm = 28 cc/rev, tilt angle = 8o

2009-03-23

Karl-Erik Rydberg

Qualification tests of hydraulic machines

Log(p) Rotating parts Roller bearings

Life length curve

Others

Log(n)

High pressure, medium speed: Rotating parts critical Medium pressure, high speed: Roller bearings critical Low pressure, very high speed: Other parts critical
2009-03-23 Karl-Erik Rydberg

Different tests for pumps and motors

High pressure test Pressure pulsation test at zero speed High power test (long time test) Flywheel test motor with flywheel (m = 1.0) Displacement setting test (motor loaded with a flywheel) Acceleration test as motor (25000 40000 rad/s2) High speed test overrunning capacity Low speed test for motors Low temperature test
Karl-Erik Rydberg

2009-03-23

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