EXPLAIN VARIOUS METHODS OF WELDING?

ELECTRIC WELDING: Electric welding is a process by means of which two metal pieces are joined together by the heat produced due to the flow of electric current. Due to the reliability of welded joints in comparision to riveted joints, electric welding has been adopted in many engineering fields. They are two methods by which electric welding can be carried out. These are i)Resistance welding ii)Arc welding.

Resistance welding: resistance welding is that process in which a sufficiently strong electric current is sent through the two metals in contact to be welded which melts the metal by the resistance they offer to flow of electric current . In resistance welding a heavy current at low voltage is passed through the work piece and the heat developed by the resistance to flow of current is utilized. The heat developed at the contact area between the piecies to be welded reduces the metal to a plastic state, the pieces are then pressed together to complete the weld. In this process ,two electrodes of low resistance are used and metals to be welded are pressed between the electrodes. The heat developed is given by (Q=I2 RT) where I=current flow,R=resistance ,T=time for which current flows. In resistance welding ,the magnitude of current is controlled by varying primary voltage of a transformer.it is necessary to keep the resistance between electrode and surface of the body being welded to a minimum. Depending upon the shape of the weld and the manner in which weld is obtained ,the resistance welding can be classified as a)Spot welding b)Projection welding c)Seam welding d)Butt welding.

Spot welding: Spot welding is a form of resistance welding in which the parts or pieces are joined in spots by heating relatively small sections of parts or pieces between suitable electrodes under pressure.it is a method in which two electrodes are placed on both sides of the work. The current required for this type weld is 5000A and voltage between electrodes is less than 2V. This typef welding is usually employed for joining or fabricating sheet metal structures.It is also used in cases where the number of welds required is relatively small.The lower cost of the equipment makes spot welding economical for small quantities. Seam welding: Seam welding can be defined as a series of spot welds made progressively along a joint between the two overlapping pieces of sheet metal. In this method,the work pieces to be welded are cleaned overlapped suitably and is placed between two circular electrodes which clamp the work pieces together