Translation 3

6th Class Module 7-8

Robby Christian rckkms@gmail.com

Universitas Terbuka
Korea Selatan

Review of Tenses
tense Simple Present Affirmative/Negative/Que Use stion A: He speaks. action in the present taking place once, never or N: He does not speak. several times Q: Does he speak? facts actions taking place one after another action set by a timetable or schedule action taking place in the moment of speaking action taking place only for a limited period of time action arranged for the future Signal Words always, every , never, normally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually if sentences type I (If I talk, )

Present A: He is speaking. Progressiv N: He is not speaking. e Q: Is he speaking?

at the moment, just, just now, Listen!, Look!, now, right now

action in the past taking place once, never or several times actions taking place one after another action taking place in the middle of another action Past A: He was speaking. action going on at a certain time in the past Progressiv N: He was not speaking. actions taking place at the same time e Q: Was he speaking? action in the past that is interrupted by another action Simple Past A: He spoke. N: He did not speak. Q: Did he speak?

yesterday, 2 minutes ago, in 1990, the other day, last Friday if sentence type II (If I talked, ) when, while, as long as

Review of Tenses (2)

Present Perfect Simple putting emphasis on the result action that is still going on action that stopped recently finished action that has an influence on the present action that has taken place once, never or several times before the moment of speaking A: He has been speaking. putting emphasis on the course or N: He has not been speaking. duration (not the result) Q: Has he been speaking? action that recently stopped or is still going on finished action that influenced the present A: He had spoken. action taking place before a certain time in N: He had not spoken. the past Q: Had he spoken? sometimes interchangeable with past perfect progressive putting emphasis only on the fact (not the duration) A: He had been speaking. action taking place before a certain time in N: He had not been speaking. the past Q: Had he been speaking? sometimes interchangeable with past perfect simple putting emphasis on the duration or course of an action A: He has spoken. N: He has not spoken. Q: Has he spoken? already, ever, just, never, not yet, so far, till now, up to now

Present Perfect Progressive

all day, for 4 years, since 1993, how long?, the whole week

Past Perfect Simple

already, just, never, not yet, once, until that day if sentence type III (If I had talked, )

Past Perfect Progressive

for, since, the whole day, all day

Art 1 Par 1

The learning aim to be achieved in school are related to the materials Methods, materials, objectives 4 : Who present the materials 5 : the teachers 6 : in imparting 8 : obtained

11 : pursued seriously

1-2
12 : similarly, 13 : objectives are

14 : if it is not actively pursued in the lesson, it is useless

15 : learning objectives, materials, and learning methods are bound together inseparably 18 : certain 16 : the systematic gathering of facts 17 : and to what extent there have been changes in the learners

Interlude : Articles
Articles give information about a noun : generic, indefinite, definite Definite = the Indefinite = a, an To choose articles, know the noun first (generic or concrete) generic : do you like coffee? (general) Concrete : you look tired. Would you like some coffee? (I have coffee in the kitchen) The coffee is very strong. (the coffee that Im drinking)

Generic Nouns
Generic nouns are used for generalizations & stereotyping Ex : Indonesians are generally kind and friendly For generic nouns : a, an, or no article Exception : sometimes, the is used with generic singular count nouns, especially with animal species and inventions. Ex : The giant panda is an endangered species Ex : do you know who invented the microwave oven?
Singular Count nouns A dog is a loyal companion. An apple a day keeps the doctor away. Plural Dogs are loyal companion.

Noncount Milk is good nouns for you.

A clue (article) Difficulties (plural) Information is non countable noun Each ->masing2 ->singular Materials (plural). Karena kalau singular kita menggunakan the bukan certain

 Feedbacks (plural)

Article 2

 On graduates distinguish what was specifically done by the researcher, and what is common procedure ->use of tenses (past vs simple present)

 Present tense : general fact Past tense : what the researcher did / modify / contribute to There -> dummy subject

Intermezzo : Dummy Subjects

Subjects that refers to nothing Usually in passive sentences Usually it and there I went to see GI JOE 2 over the weekend. It was fun. -> It=GI JOE 2 It was raining when we went for the GI JOE 2 movie. -> It = ? It is apparent that he likes her. -> It = ? There are many ways to Rome. -> There = ? There remains constant disputes between the two countries.

Questionnaires (plural) That -> delete The response rate (article) into

Formative Test
Translating is an active skill, not passive. Focus on the English grammatical structures first. Second vocabulary & word choices. No mistakes, no progress. Criticism is easy; achievement is difficult. (Winston Churchill) Per paragraph, 3-5 minutes. When stuck, ask me.

Penilaian = valuation, interpretation Ijazah = diploma, degree Lulusan = graduate(s) Rekan kerja = co-worker(s)

 Penilaian = valuation, interpretation Ijazah = diploma, degree Lulusan = graduate(s) Rekan kerja = co-worker(s)

 Pendapat = opinion, perception Rajin = diligent, keen Penalaran = comprehension, understanding, reasoning

 Salut = salute, respect, admire Hebat = amazing, exceptional, awesome

FT 2
Implementasi Pembelajaran Terpadu Di Sekolah Dasar

The Implementation of Integrated Learning at Elementary Schools The concept of Integrated Learning describes a form of education designed to create a learning process that can produce a learning experience in a way that is integrated and meaningful to the learners life. Integrated learning will occur if authentic events or the exploration of topics/themes become the controlling idea in teaching-learning activities.

Pendahuluan Pembelajaran Terpadu merupakan konsepsi dan gambaran bentuk yang disusun untuk menciptakan proses pembelajaran yang dapat menghasilkan pengalaman belajar secara terpadu dan bermakna bagi kegiatan kehidupan siswa. Pembelajaran terpadu akan terjadi apabila peristiwa-peristiwa otentik atau eksplorasi topik/tema menjadi pengendali di dalam kegiatan belajar-mengajar.
Pembelajaran Terpadu = Integrated Learning Konsepsi = concept, design

 Mata pelajaran = subjects Keterampilan = skill, expertise

 Kurikulum = curriculum berkembang = grow, develop

 Pengelolaan = management Sesuai = appropriate Kebutuhan = needs

 Sengaja = deliberately Pengelolaan = management Sesuai = appropriate Kebutuhan = needs

Pemetaan = mapping Pendekatan = approach Menetapkan = set, designated Penyajian = presentation

END