SPM Additional Mathematical Formulae Algebra 1. x = Calculus 1.

y = uv,
dy dv du =u +v dx dx dx

b b 2 4ac 2a

2. a m a n = a m + n 3. a m a n = a m n 4. (a m )n = a mn 5. log a mn = log a m + log a n

u dy 2. y = , = v dx

du dv u dx dx 2 v

3.

dy dy du = dx du dx

4. Area under a curve = 6. log a

m = log a m log a n n
n

y dx or
a

x dy
a

7. log a m = n log a m 8. log a b =

log c b log c a

5. Volume generated = Geometry 1. Distance =

y
a

dx or

x
a

dy

( x2 x1 ) + ( y2 y1 )

9. Tn = a + (n 1)d
n 10. S n = [ 2a + ( n 1) d ] 2

x +x y +y 2. Midpoint ( x, y ) = 1 2 , 1 2 2 2

11. Tn = ar n 1 12. S n =

3. A point dividing a segment of a line nx + mx2 ny1 + my2 ( x, y ) = 1 , m+n m+n 4. Area of a triangle = 1 ( x1 y2 + x2 y3 + x3 y1 ) ( x2 y1 + x3 y2 + x1 y3 ) 2 5. r = x 2 + y 2

a (r n 1) a (1 r n ) = ,r 1 r 1 1 r
a , r <1 1 r

13. S =

= 6. r

xi + yj x2 + y 2

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Statistics 1. x =

Trigonometry 1. Length of an arc, s = r 2. Area of a sector, A = 3. sin 2 A + cos 2 A = 1

2

x
N

2. x =

fx f

1 2 r 2

3. =

( x x)
N

x
N

4. sec 2 A = 1 + tan 2 A 5. cosec 2 A = 1 + cot 2 A

4. =

f ( x x) f

fx f

6. sin 2 A = 2sin A cos A 7.

cos 2 A = cos 2 A sin 2 A = 2 cos 2 A 1 = 1 2sin 2 A

1 2 N F 5. m = L + C f m
6. I =

Q1 100 Q0

7. I =

W I W
i

8. sin ( A B ) = sin A cos B cos A sin B 9. cos ( A B ) = cos A cos B sin A sin B 10. tan ( A B ) =
tan A tan B 1 tan A tan B

i i

8. n Pr =

n! (n r )!
n! (n r )!r !

9. nCr =

11. tan 2 A =

2 tan A 1 tan 2 A

10. P( A B) = P ( A) + P ( B ) P( A B) 11. P ( X = r ) = nCr p r q n r , where p + q = 1 12. Mean/Min, = np

12.

a b c = = sin A sin B sin C

13. a 2 = b 2 + c 2 2bc cos A 14. Area of a triangle =

1 ab sin C 2

13. = npq 14. Z =

X

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