Mechanical Engineering Paper-I (For both objective and conventional type papers) 1.

Thermodynamics, Cycles and IC Engines, Basic concepts, Open and Closed systems. Heat and work. Zeroth, First and Second Law, Application to non-Flow and Flow processes. Entropy, Availability, Irreversibility and Tds relations. Claperyron and real gas equations, Properties of ideal gases and vapours. Standard vapour, Gas power and Refrigeration cycles. Two stage compressor. C-I and S.I. Engines. Pre-ignition, Detonation and Diesel-knock, Fuel injection and Carburation, Supercharging. Turbo-prop and Rocket engines, Engine Cooling, Emission & Control, Flue gas analysis, Measurement of Calorific values. Conventional and Nuclear fuels, Elements of Nuclear power production. 2. Heat Transfer and Refrigeration and Airconditioning. Modes of heat transfer. One dimensional steady and unsteady conduction. Composite slab and Equivalent Resistance. Heat dissipation from extended surfaces, Heat exchangers, Overall heat transfer coefficient, Empirical correlations for heat transfer in laminar and turbulent flows and for free and forced Convection, Thermal boundary layer over a flat plate. Fundamentals of diffusive and connective mass transfer, Black body and basic concepts in Radiation, Enclosure theory, Shape factor, Net work analysis. Heat pump and Refrigeration cycles and systems, Refrigerants. Condensers, Evaporates and Expansion devices, Psychrometry, Charts and application to air conditioning, Sensible heating and cooling, Effective temperature, comfort indices, Load calculations, Solar refrigeration, controls, Duct design. 3. Fluid Mechanics: Properties and classification of fluids, Manometry, forces on immersed surfaces, Center of pressure, Buoyancy, Elements of stability of floating bodies. Kinematics and Dynamics. Irrotational and incompressible. Inviscid flow. Velocity potential, Pressure field and Forces on immersed bodies. Bernoullis equation, Fully developed flow through pipes, Pressure drop calculations, Measurement of flow rate and Pressure drop. Elements of boundary layer theory, Integral approach, Laminar and tubulent flows, Separations. Flow over weirs and notches. Open channel flow, Hydraulic jump. Dimensionless numbers, Dimensional analysis, Similitude and modelling. One-dimensional isentropic flow, Normal shock wave, Flow through convergent divergent ducts, Oblique shock-wave, Rayleigh and Fanno lines. 4. Fluid Machinery and Steam Generators: Performance, Operation and control of hydraulic Pump and impulse and reaction Turbines, Specific speed, Classification. Energy transfer, Coupling, Power transmission, Steam generators Fire-tube and water-tube boilers. Flow of steam through Nozzles and Diffusers, Wetness and condensation. Various types of steam and gas Turbines, Velocity diagrams. Partial admission. Reciprocating, Centrifugal and axial flow Compressors, Multistage compression, role of Mach Number, Reheat, Regeneration, Efficiency, Governance.

Mechanical Engineering Paper-II (For both objective and conventional type papers) 5. THEORY OF MACHINES: Kinematic and dynamic analysis of planer mechanisms. Cams. Gears and gear trains. Flywheels. Governors. Balancing of rigid rotors and field balancing. Balancing of single and multicylinder engines, Linear vibration analysis of mechanical systems. Critical speeds and whirling of shafts Automatic controls. 6. MACHINE DESIGN: Design of Joints : cotters, keys, splines, welded joints, threaded fasteners, joints formed by interference fits. Design of friction drives : couplings and clutches, belt and chain drives, power screws. Design of Power transmission systems : gears and gear drives shaft and axle, wire ropes. Design of bearings : hydrodynamics bearings and rolling element bearings. 7. STRENGTH OF MATERIALS: Stress and strain in two dimensions, Principal stresses and strains, Mohrs construction, linear elastic materials, isotropy and anisotropy, stress-strain relations, uniaxial loading, thermal stresses. Beams : Bending moment and shear force diagram, bending stresses and deflection of beams. Shear stress distribution. Torsion of shafts, helical springs. Combined stresses, thick-and thin-walled pressure vessels. Struts and columns. Strain energy concepts and theories of failure. 8. ENGINEERING MATERIALS: Basic concepts on structure of solids. Crystalline maferials. Detects in crystalline materials. Alloys and binary phase diagrams. Structure and properties of common engineering materials. Heat treatment of steels. Plastics, Ceramics and composite materials. Common applications of various materials. 9. PRODUCTION ENGINEERING: Metal Forming : Basic Principles of forging, drawing and extrusion; High energy rate forming; Powder metallurgy. Metal Casting : Die casting, investment casting, Shall Moulding, Centrifugal Casting, Gating & Riser design; melting furnaces. Fabrication Processes : Principles of Gas, Arc, Shielded arc Welding; Advanced Welding Processes, Weldability: Metallurgy of Welding.

Metal Cutting : Turning, Methods of Screw Production, Drilling, Boring, Milling, Gear Manufacturing, Production of flat surfaces, Grinding & Finishing Processes. Computer Controlled Manufacturing Systems-CNC, DNC, FMS, Automation and Robotics. Cutting Tools Materials, Tool Geometry, Mechanism of Tool Wear, Tool Life & Machinability; Measurement of cutting forces. Economics of Machining. Unconventional Machining Processes. Jigs and Fixtures. Fits and tolerances, Measurement of surface texture, Comparators Alignment tests and reconditioning of Machine Tools. 10. INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING: Production Planning and Control : Forecasting Moving average, exponential smoothing, Operations, scheduling; assembly line balancing, Product development, Break-even analysis, Capacity planning, PERT and CPM. Control Operations : Inventory control ABC analysis, EOQ model, Materials requirement planning. Job design, Job standards, Work measurement, Quality Management Quality analysis and control. Operations Research : Linear Programming Graphical and Simplex methods, Transportation and assignment models. Single server queueing model. Value Engineering : Value analysis for cost/value. 11. ELEMENTS OF COMPUTATION: Computer Organisation, Flow charting, Features of Common computer Languages FORTRAN, d Base III, Lotus 1-2-3, C and elementary Programming.

Gate 2012 Mechanical Engineering(ME) Syllabus

ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS Linear Algebra: Matrix algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and eigen vectors. Calculus: Functions of single variable, Limit, continuity and differentiability, Mean value theorems, Evaluation of definite and improper integrals, Partial derivatives, Total derivative, Maxima and minima, Gradient, Divergence and Curl, Vector identities, Directional derivatives, Line, Surface and Volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Green?s theorems. Differential equations: First order equations (linear and nonlinear), Higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, Cauchy?s and Euler?s equations, Initial and

boundary value problems, Laplace transforms, Solutions of one dimensional heat and wave equations and Laplace equation. Complex variables: Analytic functions, Cauchy?s integral theorem, Taylor and Laurent series. Probability and Statistics: Definitions of probability and sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean, median, mode and standard deviation, Random variables, Poisson, Normal and Binomial distributions. Numerical Methods: Numerical solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic equations Integration by trapezoidal and Simpson?s rule, single and multi-step methods for differential equations. APPLIED MECHANICS AND DESIGN Engineering Mechanics: Free body diagrams and equilibrium; trusses and frames; virtual work; kinematics and dynamics of particles and of rigid bodies in plane motion, including impulse and momentum (linear and angular) and energy formulations; impact. Strength of Materials: Stress and strain, stress-strain relationship and elastic constants, Mohr?s circle for plane stress and plane strain, thin cylinders; shear force and bending moment diagrams; bending and shear stresses; deflection of beams; torsion of circular shafts; Euler?s theory of columns; strain energy methods; thermal stresses. Theory of Machines: Displacement, velocity and acceleration analysis of plane mechanisms; dynamic analysis of slider-crank mechanism; gear trains; flywheels. Vibrations: Free and forced vibration of single degree of freedom systems; effect of damping; vibration isolation; resonance, critical speeds of shafts. Design: Design for static and dynamic loading; failure theories; fatigue strength and the S-N diagram; principles of the design of machine elements such as bolted, riveted and welded joints, shafts, spur gears, rolling and sliding contact bearings, brakes and clutches. FLUID MECHANICS AND THERMAL SCIENCES Fluid Mechanics: Fluid properties; fluid statics, manometry, buoyancy; control-volume analysis of mass, momentum and energy; fluid acceleration; differential equations of continuity and momentum; Bernoulli?s equation; viscous flow of incompressible fluids; boundary layer; elementary turbulent flow; flow through pipes, head losses in pipes, bends etc. Heat-Transfer: Modes of heat transfer; one dimensional heat conduction, resistance concept, electrical analogy, unsteady heat conduction, fins; dimensionless parameters in free and forced convective heat transfer, various correlations for heat transfer in flow over flat plates and through pipes; thermal boundary layer; effect of turbulence; radiative heat transfer, black and grey surfaces, shape factors, network analysis; heat exchanger performance, LMTD and NTU methods. Thermodynamics: Zeroth, First and Second laws of thermodynamics; thermodynamic system and processes; Carnot cycle. irreversibility and availability; behaviour of ideal and real gases,

properties of pure substances, calculation of work and heat in ideal processes; analysis of thermodynamic cycles related to energy conversion. Applications: Power Engineering: Steam Tables, Rankine, Brayton cycles with regeneration and reheat. I.C. Engines: air-standard Otto, Diesel cycles. Refrigeration and air-conditioning: Vapour refrigeration cycle, heat pumps, gas refrigeration, Reverse Brayton cycle; moist air: psychrometric chart, basic psychrometric processes. Turbomachinery: Pelton-wheel, Francis and Kaplan turbines ? impulse and reaction principles, velocity diagrams. MANUFACTURING AND INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING Engineering Materials: Structure and properties of engineering materials, heat treatment, stressstrain diagrams for engineering materials. Metal Casting: Design of patterns, moulds and cores; solidification and cooling; riser and gating design, design considerations. Forming: Plastic deformation and yield criteria; fundamentals of hot and cold working processes; load estimation for bulk (forging, rolling, extrusion, drawing) and sheet (shearing, deep drawing, bending) metal forming processes; principles of powder metallurgy. Joining: Physics of welding, brazing and soldering; adhesive bonding; design considerations in welding. Machining and Machine Tool Operations: Mechanics of machining, single and multi-point cutting tools, tool geometry and materials, tool life and wear; economics of machining; principles of non-traditional machining processes; principles of work holding, principles of design of jigs and fixtures Metrology and Inspection: Limits, fits and tolerances; linear and angular measurements; comparators; gauge design; interferometry; form and finish measurement; alignment and testing methods; tolerance analysis in manufacturing and assembly. Computer Integrated Manufacturing: Basic concepts of CAD/CAM and their integration tools. Production Planning and Control: Forecasting models, aggregate production planning, scheduling, materials requirement planning. Inventory Control: Deterministic and probabilistic models; safety stock inventory control systems.

UPSC CDS Examination (I) 2009 Syllabus

Standard and Syllabus of the Examination Standard The standard of the papers in Elementary Mathematics will be of Matriculation level. The standard of papers in other subjects will approximately be such as may be expected of a graduate of an Indian University. Syllabus English (Code No. 01) The question paper will be designed to test the candidates understanding of English and workmanlike use of words. General Knowledge (Code No. 02) General Knowledge including knowledge of current events and of such matters of everyday observation and experience in their scientific aspects as may be expected of an educated person who has not made a special study of any scientific subject. The paper will also include questions on History of India and Geography of a nature which candidate should be able to answer without special study. Elementary Mathematics (Code No. 03) Arithmetic Number System-Natural numbers, Integers, Rational and Real numbers. Fundamental operations addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, Square roots, Decimal fractions. Unitary method-time and distance, time and work, percentages, applications to simple and compound interest, profit and loss, ratio and proportion, variation. Elementary Number Theory- Division algorithm. Prime and composite numbers. Tests of divisibility by 2,3,4,5,9 and 11. Multiples and factors. Factorisation Theorem. H.C.F. and L.C.M. Euclidean algorithm, Logarithms to base 10, laws of logarithms, use of logarithmic tables. Algebra

Basic Operations, simple factors, Remainder Theorem, H.C.F., L.C.M. Theory of polynomials, solutions of quadratic equations, relation between its roots and coefficients (Only real roots to be considered). Simultaneous linear equations in two unknowns-analytical and graphical solutions. Simultaneous linear equations in two variables and their solutions. Practical problems leading to two simultaneous linear equations or inequations in two variables or quadratic equations in one variable & their solutions. Set language and set notation, Rational expressions and conditional identities, Laws of indices. Trigonometry Sine x, cosine x, Tangent x when 00 x 900 Values of sin x, cos x and tan x, for x = 00, 300, 450, 600 and 900 Simple trigonometric identities. Use of trigonometric tables. simple cases of heights and distances. Geometry Lines and angles, Plane and plane figures, Theorems on 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Properties of angles at a point Parallel lines, Sides and angles of a triangle, Congruency of triangles, Similar triangles, Concurrence of medians and altitudes, Properties of angles, sides and diagonals of a parallelogram, rectangle and square Circles and its properties including tangents and normals, Loci.

Mensuration Areas of squares, rectangles, parallelograms, triangle and circle. Areas of figures which can be split up into these figures (Field Book), Surface area and volume of cuboids, lateral surface and volume of right circular cones and cylinders, surface area and volume of spheres. Statistics Collection and tabulation of statistical data, Graphical representation frequency polygons, histograms, bar charts, pie charts etc. Measures of central tendency. Intelligence and personality test

In addition to the interview the candidates will be put to Intelligence Tests both verbal and nonverbal, designed to assess their basic intelligence. They will also be put to Group Tests such as group discussions, group planning, outdoor group tasks, and asked to give brief lectures on specified subjects. All these tests are intended to judge the mental calibre of a candidate. In broad terms, this is really an assessment of not only his intellectual qualities but also his social traits and interests in current affairs

Statics :

Simple applications of equilibrium equations.

Dynamics :

Simple applications of equations of motion, work, energy and power.

Theory of Machines :

Simple examples of kinematic chains and their inversions. Different types of gears, bearings, governors, flywheels and their functions. Static and dynamic balancing of rigid rotors. Simple vibration analysis of bars and shafts. Linear automatic control systems.

Mechanics of Solids :

Stress, strain and Hookes Law. Shear and bending moments in beams. Simple bending and torsion of beams, springs and thin walled cylinders. Elementary concepts of elastic stability, mechanical properties and material testing.

Manufacturing Science :

Mechanics of metal cutting, tool life, economics of machining, cutting tool materials. Basic types of machine tool and their processes. Automatic machine tools, transfer lines. Metal forming processes and machines-shearing, drawing, spinning, rolling, forging, extrusion. Types of casting and welding methods. Powder metallurgy and processing of plastics.

Manufacturing Management :

Methods and time study, motion economy and work space design, operation and flow process charts. Cost estimation, break-even analysis. Location and layout of plants, material handling. Capital budgeting, job shop and mass production, scheduling, dispatching, Routing, Inventory.

Thermodynamics :

Basic concepts, definitions and laws, heat, work and temperature, Zeroth law, temperature scales, behaviour of pure substances, equations of state, first law and its corollaries, second law and its corollaries. Analysis of air standard power cycles, Carnot, Otto, diesel, Brayton cycles. Vapour power cycles, Rankine reheat and regenerative cycles, Refrigeration cycles-Bell Coleman, Vapour absorption and Vapour compression cycle analysis, open and closed cycle gas turbine with intercooling, reheating.

Energy Conversion :

Flow of steam through nozzles, critical pressure ratio, shock formation and its effect. Steam Generators, mountings and accessories. Impulse and reaction turbines, elements and layout of thermal power plants. Hydraulic turbines and pumps, specific speed, layout of hydraulic power plants. Introduction to nuclear reactors and power plants, handling of nuclear waste.

Refrigeration and Air Conditioning :

Refrigeration equipment and operation and maintenance, refrigerants, principles of air conditioning, psychrometric chart, comfort zones, humidification and dehumidification.

Fluid Mechanics :

Hydrostatics, continuity equation, Bernoullis theorem, flow through pipes, discharge measurement, laminar and turbulent flow, boundary layer concept.

Civil Service Exam Syllabus for IAS Main Exam Mechanical Engineering Paper I & II
Paper-I

1. Mechanics: 1. Mechanics of rigid bodies: Equations of equilibrium in space and its application; first and second moments of area; simple problems on friction; kinematics of particles for plane motion; elementary particle dynamics. 1. Mechanics of deformable bodies: Generalized Hookes law and its application; design problems on axial stress, shear stress and bearing stress; material properties for dynamic loading; bending shear and stresses in beams;. determination of principle stresses and strains analytical and graphical; compound and combined stresses; bi-axial stresses thin walled pressure vessel; material behaviour and design factors for dynamic load; design of circular shafts for bending and torsional load only; deflection of beam for statically determinate problems; theories of failure. 2. Engineering Materials:

Basic concepts on structure of solids; common ferrous and non-ferrous materials and their applications; heat-treatment of steels; non-metals- plastics, ceramics, composite materials and nano-materials.

3. Theory of Machines:

Kinematic and dynamic analysis of plane mechanisms. Cams, Gears and epicyclic gear trains, flywheels, governors, balancing of rigid rotors, balancing of single and multicylinder engines, linear vibration analysis of mechanical systems (single degree of freedom), Critical speeds and whirling of shafts.

4. Manufacturing Science: 1. Manufacturing Process: Machine tool engineering Merchants force analysis; Taylors tool life equation; conventional machining; NC and CNC machining process; jigs and fixtures. Non-conventional machining EDM, ECM, ultrasonic, water jet machining etc; application of lasers and plasmas; energy rate calculations. Forming and welding processes- standard processes. Metrology concept of fits and tolerances; tools and gauges; comparators; inspection of length; position; profile and surface finish. 1. Manufacturing Management:

System design: factory location- simple OR models; plant layout methods based; applications of engineering economic analysis and break- even analysis for product selection, process selection and capacity planning; predetermined time standards. System planning; forecasting methods based on regression and decomposition, design and balancing of multi model and stochastic assembly lines; inventory management probabilistic inventory models for order time and order quantity determination; JIT systems; strategic sourcing; managing inter plant logistics. System operations and control: Scheduling algorithms for job shops; applications of statistical methods for product and process quality control applications of control charts for mean, range, percent defective, number of defectives and defects per unit; quality cost systems; management of resources, organizations and risks in projects. System improvement: Implementation of systems, such as total quality management, developing and managing flexible, lean and agile organizations. Paper-II 1. Thermodynamics, Gas Dynamics and Turbine: 1. Basic concept of First law and second law of Thermodynamics; concept of entropy and reversibility; availability and unavailability and irreversibility. 2. Classification and properties of fluids; incompressible and compressible fluids flows; effect of Mach number and compressibility; continuity momentum and energy equations; normal and oblique shocks; one dimensional isentropic flow; flow or fluids in duct with frictions that transfer. 3. Flow through fans, blowers and compressors; axial and centrifugal flow configuration; design of fans and compressors; single problems compresses and turbine cascade; open and closed cycle gas turbines; work done in the gas turbine; reheat and regenerators. 2. Heat Transfer: 1. Conduction heat transfer- general conduction equation Laplace, Poisson and Fourier equations; Fourier law of conduction; one dimensional steady state heat conduction applied to simple wall, solid and hollow cylinder & spheres. 2. Convection heat transfer- Newtons law of convection; free and forces convection; heat transfer during laminar and turbulent flow of an incompressible fluid over a flat plate; concepts of Nusselt number, hydrodynamic and thermal boundary layer their thickness; Prandtl number; analogy between heat and momentum transfer- Reynolds, Colbum, Prandtl analogies; heat transfer during laminar and turbulent flow through horizontal tubes; free convection from horizontal and vertical plates. 3. Black body radiation basic radiation laws such as Stefan-Boltzman, Planck distribution, Weins displacement etc. 4. Basic heat exchanger analysis; classification of heat exchangers.

3. I .C. Engines: 1. Classification, thermodynamic cycles of operation; determination of break power, indicated power, mechanical efficiency, heat balance sheet, interpretation of performance characteristics, petrol, gas and diesel engines. 2. Combustion in SI and CI engines, normal and abnormal combustion; effect of working parameters on knocking, reduction of knocking; Forms of combustion chamber for SI and CI engines; rating of fuels; additives; emission. 3. Different systems of IC engines- fuels; lubricating; cooling and transmission systems. Alternate fuels in IC engines. 4. Steam Engineering: 1. Steam generation- modified Rankine cycle analysis; Modern steam boilers; steam at critical and supercritical pressures; draught equipment; natural and artificial draught; boiler fuels solid, liquid and gaseous fuels. Steam turbines principle; types; compounding; impulse and reaction turbines; axial thrust. 2. Steam nozzles- flow of steam in convergent and divergent nozzle; pressure at throat for maximum discharge with different initial steam conditions such as wet, saturated and superheated, effect of variation of back pressure; supersaturated flow of steam in nozzles, Wilson line. 3. Rankine cycle with internal and external irreversibility; reheat factor; reheating and regeneration, methods of governing; back pressure and pass out turbines 4. Steam power plants combined cycle power generation; heat recovery steam generators (HRSG) fired and unfired, co-generation plants. 5. Refrigeration and air-conditioning: 1. Vapour compression refrigeration cycle cycle on p-H & T-s diagrams; eco-friendly refrigerants R134a,123; Systems like evaporators, condensers, compressor, expansion devices. Simple vapour absorption systems. Psychrometry properties; processes; charts; sensible heating and cooling; humidification and dehumidification effective temperature; air-conditioning load calculation; simple duct design. >>> UPSC Syllabus Index

Paper II 1. Thermodynamics, Gas Dynamics and Turbine : a. Basic concept of First law and second law of Thermodynamics; concept of entropy and reversibility; availability and unavailability and irreversibility. b. Classification and properties of fluids; incompressible and compressible fluids flows; effect of Mach number and compressibility; continuity momentum and energy equations; normal and oblique shocks; one dimensional isentropic flow; flow or fluids in duct with frictions that transfer. c. Flow through fans, blowers and compressors; axial and centrifugal flow configuration; design of fans and compressors; single problems compresses and turbine cascade; open and closed cycle gas turbines; work done in the gas turbine; reheat and regenerators. 2. Heat Transfer: a. Conduction heat transfer general conduction equation Laplace, Poisson and Fourier equations; Fourier law of conduction; one dimensional steady state heat conduction applied to simple wall, solid and hollow cylinder & spheres. b. Convection heat transfer Newtons law of convection; free and forces convection; heat transfer during laminar and turbulent flow of an incompressible fluid over a flat plate; concepts of Nusselt number, hydrodynamic and thermal boundary layer their thickness; Prandtl number; analogy between heat and momentum transfer Reynolds, Colbum, Prandtl analogies; heat transfer during laminar and turbulent flow through horizontal tubes; free convection from horizontal and vertical plates.

c. Black body radiation basic radiation laws such as Stefan Boltzman, Planck distribution, Weins displacement etc.

d. Basic heat exchanger analysis; classification of heat exchangers. 3. I .C. Engines: a. Classification, thermodynamic cycles of operation; determination of break power, indicated power, mechanical efficiency, heat balance sheet, interpretation of performance characteristics, petrol, gas and diesel engines. b. Combustion in SI and CI engines, normal and abnormal combustion; effect of working parameters on knocking, reduction of knocking; Forms of combustion chamber for SI and CI engines; rating of fuels; additives; emission. c. Different systems of IC engines fuels; lubricating; cooling and transmission systems. Alternate fuels in IC engines. 4. Steam Engineering: a. Steam generation- modified Rankine cycle analysis; Modern steam boilers; steam at critical and supercritical pressures; draught equipment; natural and artificial draught; boiler fuels solid, liquid and gaseous fuels. Steam turbines principle; types; compounding; impulse and reaction turbines; axial thrust. b. Steam nozzles flow of steam in convergent and divergent nozzle; pressure at throat for maximum discharge with different initial steam conditions such as wet, saturated and superheated, effect of variation of back pressure; supersaturated flow of steam in nozzles, Wilson line. c. Rankine cycle with internal and external irreversibility; reheat factor; reheating and regeneration, methods of governing; back pressure and pass out turbines d. Steam power plants combined cycle power generation; heat recovery steam generators (HRSG) fired and unfired, co-generation plants. 5. Refrigeration and air conditioning : a. Vapour compression refrigeration cycle cycle on p H & T-s diagrams; eco friendly refrigerants R134a,123; Systems like evaporators, condensers, compressor, expansion devices. Simple vapour absorption systems. b. Psychrometry properties; processes; charts; sensible heating and cooling; humidification and dehumidification effective temperature; air conditioning load calculation; simple duct design.

Statics :

Simple applications of equilibrium equations.

Dynamics :

Simple applications of equations of motion, work, energy and power.

Theory of Machines :

Simple examples of kinematic chains and their inversions. Different types of gears, bearings, governors, flywheels and their functions. Static and dynamic balancing of rigid rotors. Simple vibration analysis of bars and shafts. Linear automatic control systems.

Mechanics of Solids :

Stress, strain and Hookes Law. Shear and bending moments in beams. Simple bending and torsion of beams, springs and thin walled cylinders. Elementary concepts of elastic stability, mechanical properties and material testing.

Manufacturing Science :

Mechanics of metal cutting, tool life, economics of machining, cutting tool materials. Basic types of machine tool and their processes. Automatic machine tools, transfer lines. Metal forming processes and machines-shearing, drawing, spinning, rolling, forging, extrusion. Types of casting and welding methods. Powder metallurgy and processing of plastics.

Manufacturing Management :

Methods and time study, motion economy and work space design, operation and flow process charts. Cost estimation, break-even analysis. Location and layout of plants, material handling. Capital budgeting, job shop and mass production, scheduling, dispatching, Routing, Inventory.

Thermodynamics :

Basic concepts, definitions and laws, heat, work and temperature, Zeroth law, temperature scales, behaviour of pure substances, equations of state, first law and its corollaries, second law and its corollaries. Analysis of air standard power cycles, Carnot, Otto, diesel, Brayton cycles. Vapour power cycles, Rankine reheat and regenerative cycles, Refrigeration cycles-Bell Coleman, Vapour absorption and Vapour compression cycle analysis, open and closed cycle gas turbine with intercooling, reheating.

Energy Conversion :

Flow of steam through nozzles, critical pressure ratio, shock formation and its effect. Steam Generators, mountings and accessories. Impulse and reaction turbines, elements and layout of thermal power plants. Hydraulic turbines and pumps, specific speed, layout of hydraulic power plants. Introduction to nuclear reactors and power plants, handling of nuclear waste.

Refrigeration and Air Conditioning :

Refrigeration equipment and operation and maintenance, refrigerants, principles of air conditioning, psychrometric chart, comfort zones, humidification and dehumidification.

Fluid Mechanics :

Hydrostatics, continuity equation, Bernoullis theorem, flow through pipes, discharge measurement, laminar and turbulent flow, boundary layer concept.

Civil Service Exam Syllabus for IAS Main Exam Mechanical Engineering Paper I & II
Paper-I 1. Mechanics: 2. Mechanics of rigid bodies: Equations of equilibrium in space and its application; first and second moments of area; simple problems on friction; kinematics of particles for plane motion; elementary particle dynamics. 2. Mechanics of deformable bodies: Generalized Hookes law and its application; design problems on axial stress, shear stress and bearing stress; material properties for dynamic loading; bending shear and stresses in beams;. determination of principle stresses and strains analytical and graphical; compound and combined stresses; bi-axial stresses thin walled pressure vessel; material behaviour and design factors for dynamic load; design of circular shafts for bending and torsional load only; deflection of beam for statically determinate problems; theories of failure. 2. Engineering Materials:

Basic concepts on structure of solids; common ferrous and non-ferrous materials and their applications; heat-treatment of steels; non-metals- plastics, ceramics, composite materials and nano-materials.

3. Theory of Machines:

Kinematic and dynamic analysis of plane mechanisms. Cams, Gears and epicyclic gear trains, flywheels, governors, balancing of rigid rotors, balancing of single and multicylinder engines, linear vibration analysis of mechanical systems (single degree of freedom), Critical speeds and whirling of shafts.

4. Manufacturing Science:

2. Manufacturing Process: Machine tool engineering Merchants force analysis; Taylors tool life equation; conventional machining; NC and CNC machining process; jigs and fixtures. Non-conventional machining EDM, ECM, ultrasonic, water jet machining etc; application of lasers and plasmas; energy rate calculations. Forming and welding processes- standard processes. Metrology concept of fits and tolerances; tools and gauges; comparators; inspection of length; position; profile and surface finish. 2. Manufacturing Management: System design: factory location- simple OR models; plant layout methods based; applications of engineering economic analysis and break- even analysis for product selection, process selection and capacity planning; predetermined time standards. System planning; forecasting methods based on regression and decomposition, design and balancing of multi model and stochastic assembly lines; inventory management probabilistic inventory models for order time and order quantity determination; JIT systems; strategic sourcing; managing inter plant logistics. System operations and control: Scheduling algorithms for job shops; applications of statistical methods for product and process quality control applications of control charts for mean, range, percent defective, number of defectives and defects per unit; quality cost systems; management of resources, organizations and risks in projects. System improvement: Implementation of systems, such as total quality management, developing and managing flexible, lean and agile organizations. Paper-II 1. Thermodynamics, Gas Dynamics and Turbine: 4. Basic concept of First law and second law of Thermodynamics; concept of entropy and reversibility; availability and unavailability and irreversibility. 5. Classification and properties of fluids; incompressible and compressible fluids flows; effect of Mach number and compressibility; continuity momentum and energy equations; normal and oblique shocks; one dimensional isentropic flow; flow or fluids in duct with frictions that transfer. 6. Flow through fans, blowers and compressors; axial and centrifugal flow configuration; design of fans and compressors; single problems compresses and turbine cascade; open and closed cycle gas turbines; work done in the gas turbine; reheat and regenerators.

2. Heat Transfer: 5. Conduction heat transfer- general conduction equation Laplace, Poisson and Fourier equations; Fourier law of conduction; one dimensional steady state heat conduction applied to simple wall, solid and hollow cylinder & spheres. 6. Convection heat transfer- Newtons law of convection; free and forces convection; heat transfer during laminar and turbulent flow of an incompressible fluid over a flat plate; concepts of Nusselt number, hydrodynamic and thermal boundary layer their thickness; Prandtl number; analogy between heat and momentum transfer- Reynolds, Colbum, Prandtl analogies; heat transfer during laminar and turbulent flow through horizontal tubes; free convection from horizontal and vertical plates. 7. Black body radiation basic radiation laws such as Stefan-Boltzman, Planck distribution, Weins displacement etc. 8. Basic heat exchanger analysis; classification of heat exchangers. 3. I .C. Engines: 4. Classification, thermodynamic cycles of operation; determination of break power, indicated power, mechanical efficiency, heat balance sheet, interpretation of performance characteristics, petrol, gas and diesel engines. 5. Combustion in SI and CI engines, normal and abnormal combustion; effect of working parameters on knocking, reduction of knocking; Forms of combustion chamber for SI and CI engines; rating of fuels; additives; emission. 6. Different systems of IC engines- fuels; lubricating; cooling and transmission systems. Alternate fuels in IC engines. 4. Steam Engineering: 5. Steam generation- modified Rankine cycle analysis; Modern steam boilers; steam at critical and supercritical pressures; draught equipment; natural and artificial draught; boiler fuels solid, liquid and gaseous fuels. Steam turbines principle; types; compounding; impulse and reaction turbines; axial thrust. 6. Steam nozzles- flow of steam in convergent and divergent nozzle; pressure at throat for maximum discharge with different initial steam conditions such as wet, saturated and superheated, effect of variation of back pressure; supersaturated flow of steam in nozzles, Wilson line. 7. Rankine cycle with internal and external irreversibility; reheat factor; reheating and regeneration, methods of governing; back pressure and pass out turbines 8. Steam power plants combined cycle power generation; heat recovery steam generators (HRSG) fired and unfired, co-generation plants. 5. Refrigeration and air-conditioning: 2. Vapour compression refrigeration cycle cycle on p-H & T-s diagrams; eco-friendly refrigerants R134a,123; Systems like evaporators, condensers, compressor, expansion devices. Simple vapour absorption systems.

Psychrometry properties; processes; charts; sensible heating and cooling; humidification and dehumidification effective temperature; air-conditioning load calculation; simple duct design. >>> UPSC Syllabus Index

Paper II 1. Thermodynamics, Gas Dynamics and Turbine : d. Basic concept of First law and second law of Thermodynamics; concept of entropy and reversibility; availability and unavailability and irreversibility. e. Classification and properties of fluids; incompressible and compressible fluids flows; effect of Mach number and compressibility; continuity momentum and energy equations; normal and oblique shocks; one dimensional isentropic flow; flow or fluids in duct with frictions that transfer. f. Flow through fans, blowers and compressors; axial and centrifugal flow configuration; design of fans and compressors; single problems compresses and turbine cascade; open and closed cycle gas turbines; work done in the gas turbine; reheat and regenerators. 2. Heat Transfer: e. Conduction heat transfer general conduction equation Laplace, Poisson and Fourier equations; Fourier law of conduction; one dimensional steady state heat conduction applied to simple wall, solid and hollow cylinder & spheres. f. Convection heat transfer Newtons law of convection; free and forces convection; heat transfer during laminar and turbulent flow of an incompressible fluid over a flat plate; concepts of Nusselt number, hydrodynamic and thermal boundary layer their thickness; Prandtl number; analogy between heat and momentum transfer Reynolds, Colbum, Prandtl analogies; heat transfer during laminar and turbulent flow through horizontal tubes; free convection from horizontal and vertical plates.

g. Black body radiation basic radiation laws such as Stefan Boltzman, Planck distribution, Weins displacement etc. h. Basic heat exchanger analysis; classification of heat exchangers. 3. I .C. Engines: d. Classification, thermodynamic cycles of operation; determination of break power, indicated power, mechanical efficiency, heat balance sheet, interpretation of performance characteristics, petrol, gas and diesel engines. e. Combustion in SI and CI engines, normal and abnormal combustion; effect of working parameters on knocking, reduction of knocking; Forms of combustion chamber for SI and CI engines; rating of fuels; additives; emission. f. Different systems of IC engines fuels; lubricating; cooling and transmission systems. Alternate fuels in IC engines. 4. Steam Engineering: e. Steam generation- modified Rankine cycle analysis; Modern steam boilers; steam at critical and supercritical pressures; draught equipment; natural and artificial draught; boiler fuels solid, liquid and gaseous fuels. Steam turbines principle; types; compounding; impulse and reaction turbines; axial thrust. f. Steam nozzles flow of steam in convergent and divergent nozzle; pressure at throat for maximum discharge with different initial steam conditions such as wet, saturated and superheated, effect of variation of back pressure; supersaturated flow of steam in nozzles, Wilson line. g. Rankine cycle with internal and external irreversibility; reheat factor; reheating and regeneration, methods of governing; back pressure and pass out turbines h. Steam power plants combined cycle power generation; heat recovery steam generators (HRSG) fired and unfired, co-generation plants. 5. Refrigeration and air conditioning :

c. Vapour compression refrigeration cycle cycle on p H & T-s diagrams; eco friendly refrigerants R134a,123; Systems like evaporators, condensers, compressor, expansion devices. Simple vapour absorption systems. d. Psychrometry properties; processes; charts; sensible heating and cooling; humidification and dehumidification effective temperature; air conditioning load calculation; simple duct design.