G+4 SolidSlabSystem

ETHIOPIAN CIVIL SERVICE COLLEGE
INSTITUTE OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

DEPARTMENT OF RBAN ENGINEERING
ANALYSIS, DESIGN, AND CONSTRUCTION COST COMPARISON SOLID

VERSUS RIBED SLAB SYSTEM OF A G+4 COMMON RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
BY :
WONDIMAGEGN SOLOMON
MESFIN GIRMA
UED_1064/98
UED_1041/98
TARIKU HAILE
TEKLEGERIMA
UED_1050/98
HAILU
UED_1055/98
YINURSELAM SHIFAW
ADVISOR:
UED_1067/98
TERFE SHIFERAW
UED_1056/98
YIMER MESHESHA
UED_1066/98
MELESE YOHANES
A senior project submitted to:

Ethiopian Civil Service College Institute of Urban Development Studies Department
of Urban Engineering in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of
Bachelor of Science in Urban Engineering.
JULY, 2010
ADDIS ABABA
ETHIOPIA
Table of Contents
PART -I: SOLID SLAB STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Page
1. Introduction
1.1. General introduction
1.2. The Structural System
1.3. Building Layout
1.4. Quality of Construction and Method of Analysis
1.4. Construction Materials
1.5. Loading
1.6. Codes and References
1.7. Design Aids
2. Wind Load Analysis
2.1. Roof Wind Load Analysis
2.2. Truss Analysis and Design
2.3. Wind load analysis on external and internal surfaces of building
3. Solid slab analysis
4. Stair analysis and design
5. Earth quake analysis
5.1. Mass, mass-center and center of rigidity determination
5.2. D-value computation
5.3. Story shear distribution
5.4. Lateral load distribution among frame elements
6. 2D Frame Analysis
7. Beam Design
7.1. Flexural design
7.2. Design for shear
7.3. Development length and bar cutoff
8. Column Analysis and Design
9. Footing design
PART -2: RIBBED SLAB STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
1. Ribbed Slab Analysis and Design
2. 3D frame analysis
2.1. Loading
2.2. Method of analysis
2.3. Analysis result (Output)
3. Girder design
4. Column design
5. Footing design
PART -3: SOLID SLAB VERSUS RIBBED SLAB
1. Comparison
2. Conclusion and recommendation
Acknowledgement
Successful completion of this analysis and design project is last chapter in five
years study and hard work, which has been made possible today because of
assistance and support of our families, instructors, fellow students, and friends.
We would like to appreciate and thank our advisor Ato Melesse Yohannes(MSc)
who provide us considerate project type and above all for his guidance and support
throughout the development of the project.
Our special thanks also go to our families and particularly to our parents who have
been all along with us assisting and encouraging.
Lastly, but not least we would like to express our heartfelt best gratitude to W/ro
Rahel Yohannes and Ato Yimer Mohamed for their effort for the modification
made and realization of our new curriculum as we are the first urban engineering
graduates in bachelor degree in the country.
1. Introduction
1.1.
General introduction
This booklet contains a static calcucalation of structural analysis and design of a

common residential building located in Addis Ababa. The structure has 6
stories one basement, one ground, and G + 4 stories with a solid/ribbed slab floor
system.
The solid slab system is modeled in 2D while the ribbed slab system is in 3D, just
for the academic interest there by to experience different scenarios.
Analysis and design comprises roofing (EGA sheet), purlin, truss members, beams,
columns, stairs, slabs and footings.
Loads for analysis include dead (self & transferred) loads, live loads, wind load, and
earth quack (lateral) loads.
Analysis of frames in 2D/3D involves:
Modeling based on architectural drawing.

Stiffness computation
Mass calculation
Center of mass & center of gravity determination.
Story shear distribution
Lateral load distribution according to stiffness of frame elements
(columns)
Modeling on SAP 2000-V11/ ETABS -V9:
o Definition of material, frame section, load cases, analysis cases,
& combination.
o Drawing the model
o Assigning joint constraints (joint restraints, diaphragm) lateral &

gravity loads.
o Set analysis options
Run analysis options & export relevant analysis report.
Using result of analysis of each of the cases, design of structural elements (slabs,
beams, columns, stair, &footing) for flexure, lateral & axial load and shear
followed. In addition design for development length is carried out.
In the mean time, comparison of the two systems with respect to cost of
construction material is made. However, only typical floor slab are considered for
cost analysis, tacking in to account its major proportion than other more or less
similar structural and none structural elements.
Finally, representative structural detail drawing is produced.
1.2.
Structural System
In general the structural system consists of a solid/ribbed slab floor system with a
beam-column frame system. The slab system has a thickness of 130mm/200mm
according to the structural importance and deflection requirement. 130mm section
was used for the interior span two way slabs and 200mm for cantilever and one
way slabs. 100mm for the ground floor slab as this slab is resting on the 250mm
hardcore laid on the selected material fill on the ribbed mat. Square Reinforced
concrete columns with 300mm and 400mm sections were used to take all vertical
and lateral loads. Beams with 400mm x 400mm section were used to support all
the slab systems. Independent footings with 300/400/600mm slab section and
2500mm tall foundation column below the natural ground level were used as a
foundation.
1.3.
Building Layout
a. Three Dimensional Layout of The Building
b. Ground Floor Plan
c. Typical Floor Plan

1.4.
Quality of Construction and Method of Analysis
o Class I work is assumed

o Ultimate limit state (ULS) method for loading and serviceability limit state
(SLS) for analysis
For concrete (gc), persistent and transit gc=1.5
Accidental gc=1.3
For steel (gs), persistent and transit gs=1.15
Accidental gs=1.00
1.5.
Construction materials
Taking in to account availability of quality construction materials and skilled

workmanship concrete of quality C25 and steel of grade S300 are used.
Concrete C-25:
Fck=20Mpa,fcu =25Mpa
Fcd=0.85fck/1.5=11.33Mpa
Fck=0.7fctm,fctm=0.3*fck2/3
=0.21* fck2/3=1.5473/1.5=1.0315Mpa
Fctd=fctk/g=1.5473/1.5=1.0315Mpa
Ecm=9.5*(fck+8)1/3=9.5*(20+8)1/3=28.85Gpa29 Gpa
gc=24KN/m3
steel S300:
Esu=0.6Mpa
fyk=300Mpa
g=6KN/m3
fyd=fyk/gs=300/1.15=260.
87Mpa
n=
gs=77KN/m
flooring
marble tile 27KN/m3
Es=200Gpa
Timber
pvc covering 16KN m3

wall
HCB gHCB=14KN/ m3
Glazing
Glass 25 KN/m3
Aluminum 27 KN/m3
1.6.
Loading
Since the site is located in Addis Ababa, which is in the area of seismic zone 2,
according to EBCS-8/95, in addition to vertical loading Earthquake loading was
considered. The major loadings considered are:
Vertical Loading: Dead Load (DL) - (Self Weight, Wall Load and Finishing Load,
Roof loading)
Live load (LL)
Lateral Loading: Earthquake load in X and Y direction (EQX & EQy)
Wind Load
The above loadings make up a total of nine different combinations.
No.
Combination Name
Factored Loading Combination
Comb1
1.3DL+1.6LL
Comb2,3
0.75(1.3DL+1.6LL) EQx
Comb4,5
0.75(1.3DL+1.6LL) EQy
Comb6,7
0.75(1.3DL+1.6LL) EQx 5%Eccentricity in y dir
Comb8,9
0.75(1.3DL+1.6LL) EQy 5%Eccentricity in x dir
Out of the five combinations the critical case was taken for the analysis and design
of beams, slabs and columns. The footing was analyzed and designed for Combo1
(Vertical Loading).
1.7.
Codes and References
EBCS 1-1995
EBCS 2-1995 and associated tables & charts
EBCS 5-1995
EBCS 6-1995
EBCS 7-1995
EBCS 8-1995 and
Euro Code 2-1992 (as used by the software), almost similar to EBCS-2/95
1.8.
Design aids
Sap 2000 -V11for modeling and analysis of solid slab G+4 building as 2D
frame
Etabs-V9 for modeling and analysis of ribbed slab same building as 3D

frame
Ms-Word, Ms-Excel are also used to facilitate computation and edition of this
booklet
Arch-CAD12 and AutoCAD 2007 for 3D modeling, working dawning, and bar
schedule
2. Wind Load Analysis

2.1.
Roof wind load analysis
ROOF LOADING
LIVE LOAD
ROOF CATEGORY (EBCS-1, 1995 TABLE 2.13)
Roof not accessible except for normal maintenance, repair, painting &minor repairs
are under category H.
Imposed load on roof for slope category H
Roof is qk=0.25 KN/m2
Qk= 1KN
WIND LOAD
DETERMINATION OF EXTERNAL WIND PRESSURE (We)
The wind pressure acting on external surface of a structure.
We, shall be obtained from
We = qref Ce ( ze )C pe ---------------------EBCS-1, 1995
Eqn 3.1
Where qref = reference mean wind velocity pressure derived from reference wind
velocity.
Ce = exposure coefficient accounting for the terrain & height above the ground up
to a height z.
(Ze) = reference height for the relevant pressure coefficient.

B. DETERMINATION OF REFERENCE WIND PRESSURE (qref)
qref =
v 2 ref
EBCS-1, 1995 sec. 3.7.1
Where:
r=air density (kg/m3) considering altitude of the place above mean sea level
Addis Ababa is found above sea level of 2000m
r = 0.94 kg/m3 EBCS-1,1995 table 3.1
vref = reference wind velocity
vref
= CDIRCTEMCALT
, 0 ..EBCS-1, 1995 sec. 3.7.2(2)
vref
Mean return period 50 years..EBCS-1,1995 sec. 3.7.2(1)

Where
CDIR =is the direction factor taken as 1
CTEM = is the temporary (seasonal) factor to be taken as 1
CALT = is the altitude factor to be taken as 1
vref , 0 = is the basic value of reference wind velocity to be taken as 22m/s.
vref
= CDIRCTEMCALT
,0 EBCS-1,1995- eqn. 3.7
vref
=1*1*1*22m/se
=22m/se
Reference wind pressure ( qref )
qref =
qref =
v 2 ref
0.94
* 22
2
2
=227.48
DETERMINATION OF EXPOSSURE COEFFICIENT, Ce (z).

The exposure coefficient taken in to account, (Ce, z). The effect of
Terrain roughness
Topography and
Height above ground on the mean wind speed and turbulence
..EBCS-1, 1995 sec.3.8.5 (1)
For codification purpose it has been assumed that the quasi-static gust load is
determined from. EBCS-1, 1995 sec. 3.8.5(2)
7 kT
2
2
Ce ( z ) = Cr ( z ) Ct ( z ) 1 +
.EBCS-1, 1995 eqn.3.15
C r ( z ) Ct ( z )
Where:
kT = is the terrain factor defined as (for terrain category IV) urban areas in which
at least 15% of the surface is covered with building & their average height exceeds
15m.
kT =0.24 ...EBCS-1, 1995 tab.3.2
Cr (z) = the roughness coefficient account for the variability of mean wind
velocity at the site of the structure due to
The height above the ground level (z)
The roughness of the terrain depending on the wind direction
...EBCS-1, 1995 sec.3.8.2
Cr (z), at height z is defined by logarithmic profile
One of the two cases must satisfy
z
Case-1 Cr ( z ) = K T ln
z0
for zmin <= z <= 200m...EBCS-1, 1995 eqn.3.10
z
Case-2 Cr ( z ) = Cr ( z min ) = K T ln min for z < zmin
z0
Where:
z0= the roughness length from ..................EBCS-1, 1995 tab 3.2
zmin= the minimum height from .................EBCS-1, 1995 tab 3.2
For category IV
z0= 1m
zmin= 16m
And height of building z = 16.50m

zmin= 16m < z = 16.50m .satisfies case 1
Roughness coefficient
z
Cr ( z ) = K T ln
z0
= 0.24 ln (16.50/1) = 0.673
Topography coefficient accounts for the increase of mean wind speed over isolated
hill & ridges.
Ct (z) = 1
.................EBCS-1, 1995 sec. 3.8.4(2)
Exposure coefficient
7 kT
2
2
Ce ( z ) = Cr ( z ) Ct ( z ) 1 +
C r ( z ) Ct ( z )
2
= 0.673 *1 (1+(7*0.24)/(0.673*1)) = 1.5836

pe
D. DETERMINATION OF EXTERNAL PRESSURE COEFFICIENT (C
(z))
External pressure coefficient for hipped roofs.

0
For wind direction = 0
For wind direction
= 90
a=900
a=0
Wind
Wind
=900
=00
20.70
23.90
o= tan-1(1.5*2/20.7)=8.250
1
(1.5*2/10.45)=8.170
Reference height: ze=h=16.50m
height: ze=h=16.50m
90= tanReference
e=b or 2h whichever is smaller
H = 0.5*16.60*8.38=69.55 m2
b=cross wind dimension
I = 0.5*16.56*8.33=68.97 m2
FOR WIND DIRECTION =900
J = (0.5*20.70*10.45)-68.97=39.19 m2
Imposed areas
L = 2.07*10.35=21.42 m2
F = 2.07*3.175=6.75
=2*(6.75+2.12)=17.74m2
M=0.5*8.28*8.28=34.28 m2*2=68.56
m2
o.5*2.07*2.05=2.12
G = 2.07*10.25=21.22 m2
N=0.5*(21.83+3.10)*10.3534.28=94.73 m2*2
=189.466 m2
I=0.5(0.74+19.12)*7.96=79.04 m2
FOR WIND DIRECTION =00
J=2.39*7.96=19.02*2=38.05 m2
F=3.562*2.39=8.51
K=0.5(3+5.52)*2.39=10.18 m2
=0.5*2.413*2.39=2.88
=2(8.51+2.88)=22.78 m2
L=0.5(10.45*20.70)84.49=23.67*2=47.34 m2
G=11.95*2.39=28.56 m2
M=0.5(9.24*18.31)=84.59*2=169.18
m2
H=0.5(18.38+3)*7.96=85.01 m2
Excel values are required from

wondmagegn
1.3 DESIGN OF ROOF COVER (DESIGN OF EGA)

Maximum wind load (critical wind
load) is
WL=-0.521 KN/m from
computation
Case -1
Pd=LLq+DL
Live load from .EBCS-1,

1995
Distributed live load
=1.6*0.25+1.3(0.044)
=1.6*0.25*cos(8.25)+1.3(0.044)
qk=0.25 KN/m2
Concentrated live load Qk=0.25 1KN

Purlin spacing=1.5m
Take EGA-300 from KMPF manual
Thickness t=0.5mm, section modulus
Sx=1970
Load W=3.92kg/m
Uniform load carrying capacity
=1.36KPa=ULC
Load computation for roof cover
EGA width is 0.90m
EGA load in KN/m
=1.6 qk+1.3 Gk
=0.453KN/m2<ULC=1.36KN/m2-------------ok!
Case-2
Pd=WL+DL
=1.6*WL+0.9Gk
=1.6*(-0.521)+0.9*0.044
=0.794KN/m2<ULC=1.36KN/m2------------ok!
Case-3
Pd=LLq+DL
DLEGA=(3.92Kn/m)/(0.90m)
=1.6Qk+1.3Gk
=1.6*1*cos(8.25)+1.3*0.044
=1.58KN+0.0572KN/m2
DLEGA =
3.92 KN / m 10
*
= 0.044 KN / m 2
0.92m
1000
Moment calculation
Because of in case 3 the value is greater than 1.36KN/m2 we shall compute the
section modulus for case 3
M =
PL Wl 2 1.58 *1.5 0.0572 *1.52

+
=
+
= 0.609 KNm / m
4
8
4
8
Section modulus, SX
Allowable carrying capacity of roof is 250N/mm2
Sx =
all
0.609 *10 6 Nmm / m

= 2434.4mm3
250 N / mm 2
x
From table of KMPF manual selec EGA sheet having section of modulus S >2434
3
Take section of modulus Sx =2749mm

Section property
Thikness t=0.7mm
Weight w=5.49kg\m
Capacity=1.90kpa
5.49 *10
= 0.061kn / m 2
1000
*
0.9
Dead Load of EGA=
Perpendicular dead load of EGA Ro0f is

DL EGA =O.O61 cos8.25
=0.0604
Load computation at 0=8.25
Case 1
Case 2
Case 3
Pd=LLq+DL
Pd=WL+DL
Pd=LLQK+DL
=1.6qk+1.3Gk
=1.6*0.25COS8.25+1.3
(0.0604)
=0.474KN/m
Moment Computation
=1.6WL+0.9GK
=1.6*O.521+0.9(0.060
4)
=0.834KN/m
=1.6QK+1.3GK
=1.6*1*cos8.25+1.3(0.
0604)
=1.583KN+0.0785KN/
m2
Case1
M=PdL2/8=0.834*1.52/8
=0.235kNm/m
M=Pd
L2/8=0.474*1.52/8=0.1
33KNm/m
M=Pd*L/4+PdL2/8
=1.583*1.5/4+0.0785*
1.52/8
Case 3
Case 2
=0.616kNm/m
Section modulus computation

SX=M/rall=0.616*106Nmm/m/250N/mm
SX=2749mm2
t=0.7mm
2464.31mm <2749mm ..ok
3
w=5.49kg/m
Take EGA-3OO Sectional property
w=0.061KN/m2
capacity=1.90KPa
from tariku
FROM PAGE 21
1.5 TRUSS DESIGN
The truss is constructed of eucalyptus since the purilnes are at 0.9m spaced. The
rafter and the horizontal member are assumed to be continuous throughout the
length. The truss is designed for the maximum reaction force from the purline .
Load from purilne to truss.
W(KN/m)
R
Wx=0.0659 KN/m
Wy=0.459 KN/m
purline.
W =
(0.0659
+ 0.459 2 = 0.459 KN / m
It includes self
weight of
Reaction force
R=
WL 0.459 *1.5
=
= 0.344 KN
2
2
Exterior reaction force Re=0.344KN at 0.9m spacing,

Interior reaction force Ri=0.344KN at 0.9m spacing on rafter of the truss.
LOAD FROM TRUSS
Material property:-property of equliptus.
diameter(
m)
0.10
area(m2 wt.
)
(KN/m)
0.0079 0.067
remark
10
Unit wt.
(KN/m3)
8.5
12
8.5
0.12
0.0113
major
V,H&rafter
0.096
V&D members
TRUSS TOTAL LENGTH COMPUTITION

Truss 1
No of joints =10
Major horizontal =10.45m
Total length of vertical and diagonal

members =17.35
>>
Vertical =1.50m
>>
Diagonal (rafter) =10.56m
Total length =22.51m
TOTAL LOAD COMPUTATION

Factor loads:
wt(10)=16.6m*0.087 KN/m=1.44 KN
Vertical & diagonal members

Spacing of vertical i=1.20m
Slope of roof in (%)=14.36%
No of verticals =9
No of diagonals =8
wt(12)=22.62m*0.125
KN/m=2.83 KN
total load of truss
=4.27 KN
No of joints =10
Internal joints =8
Loads on truss joints
External joints =2
int ernaljo int s =
totalload
4.27
=
= 0.474 KN
# ofverticals
9
externaljo int s =
int ernaljo int loads 0.474

=
= 0.237 KN
2
2
DEAD LOAD OF CHIP WOOD CEILING (CHIP BOARD)

Properties of chip board
Wt=*t*l*c/c spacing
Unit wt., =8KN/m3
=8KN/m3*0.008m*10.45m*1.5m
Thickness, t=8mm=0.008m
=1.0032KN
Truss spacing =1.5m
Factored load=1.3*1.0032KN
=1.30416 KN
Length =10.45m
DEAD LOAD OF CEILING BATTENS (30mmx40mm)

Spacing c/c=60mm
Truss Stretching Axes 1-2-3 Load

Analysis Result =1.30416+0.546156=1.850kN
In the truss direction # of ceiling

battens=10.45/0.6=17.4
# Of Joints=10
Use 18 battens
Exterior =2
Other direction # of ceiling

battens=1.5/0.6=2.5,use 3 battens
Interior =2
Length of ceiling battens is

=18*1.5+3*10.45=58.35m
Unit wt, = 6kN/m
1.850
= 0.206kN
9
Joint load ext =
0.206
= 0.103kN
2
Truss Stretching Axes A-B-C

Analysis Result
Total load at the top of the truss joints
Wt of
battens=6*0.03*0.04*38.35=0.42012
Reactions on truss
KN
0.614
Joint load Int =
1.22 load =0.546156kN

Factored battens
Interior joint load =0.688+0.51=1.188

KN
Exterior joint load

1.22 1.22
Total load at the bottom3 of the 1.22
truss 1.22 =0.344+0.26=0.604 KN
4
1.22
5
Joints
1.22
6
1.22
7
8
0.614
9
B
C
D
F
A
E
G
H
I
J
I
0.10
0.10 0.20
0.20 0.20
0.20 0.20 0.20
0.20 I0.20 0.103
33
6
12 6
11
6
6
6
63
6
6
R3 I
R2
R1
I
2.3. Truss Analysis and Design
I
1
2.3. Wall Wind Load Analysis on External and Internal Surfaces of

Building
I.
Wind Load External Surfaces
We =qref ce(ze)cpe
qref = 5/2v2req
v = 22m / sec
ref
,
since
= 0.94kg / m 3
Addis Ababa >2500 amsl

= 0. 94/2kg/m3 *22m/sec =
227.48 N / m 2
Ce(z)=Cr2(z) Ct2(z) 1 +
Kt=0.24 zo(m)=1
zmin(m)=16
Crz=crz(min)=ktln(zmin/zo
since z=15<zmin=16
=0.24ln(16/1)=0.67
Ct=1, assuming <0.05

,topographic unaffected
Ce(z)=0.672*12*
7 kg
C r ( z )Cz ( z )
7 * 0.24
1+
= 1.575
0.67 * 1
Terrain category IV for urban

areas
A) For wind coming from front
d=1
E
9.9
D
23.1
=b
A
B
1
H= 15m and b=
s 23.1m
d
H= <b=23.1 s=ze= h=15m
d
1
D=19.9m < e=23.1m
1
2
1
we ,A=227.48*1.575*-1=-0358kN/m
1
2
w ,B=227.48*1.575*-0.8+-0.287kN/m
e
B) For wind coming from side
zone
d/n
1
4
19.9=3
3
15
Cpe,10
-1
-1
-1
Cpe,10
-08
-08
-08
Cpe,10
+0.8
+0.8
+0778
Cpe,10
-0.3
-0.3
-0.3
b = 23.1

= 32.1m
2h = 2 * = 15 = 30
we,D
=227.48*157*+0.778=0.279kN/m2
we,E=227.48*1.575*0.3=-0.108kN/m2
C)
B=19.
9E
C
H=2
3.1
B
A
D
h=15m and b=19.9

h<b ze=h=15m
b = 19.9
e
= 19.9
2h = 2 *15 = 30m
zone
A
B
C
d/n
Cpe,10 Cpe,10 Cpe,10
1
-1
-08
-0.5
4
-1
-08
-0.5
234=1.5
-1
-08
-0.5
4
15
d= 23.1 = d>e=19.9m
Cpe,10
+0.8
+0.6
+0764
Cpe,10
-0.3
-0.3
-0.3
We,A=227.48*1.575*-1=-0.358kN/m2
We,D=227.48*1.575*0.764=0.274kN/m2
We,B=227.48*1.575*-0.8=0.287kN/m2
We,E=22.48*1.575*-0.3=-0.108kN/m2
WeC=227.48*0.5=-0.5=-0.175kN/m2
II) Wind load on internal surfaces

These pressures are neglected because the openings on both the wind ward and
leeward directions are the same, and the net effect on the entire structure is zero.
3. Solid slab analysis
Coefficient and strip methods of solid slab analysis are used here. Since the
building is symmetric in two directions we considered quarter of the building for
design of slabs in each typical panel.
3.1.
Quarter of typical floor layout

Water Tank Seat Slab
Design considerations
5 people per household
100 liter reserve water requirement per head (individual) for
residential building
4 households in each floor except ground floor
Two water tanks
Total volume of water; VT=4floors*4households*5individuals per

household*100l=800l
Each of tanks expected to hold V=800/2=400l=4m3
Assume: A 2.5m diameter cylindrical Roto reservoir.

V=D2h/4h=4V/D2=(4*4m3)/(2.5)2=0.815m
Take h=1m (standard size)
V=(D2h)/4=(*2.52*1)/4=4.91m3
Wwater=w*Vw=4.91m3*10KN/m3=49.1KN.
W=49.1KN/(D2/4)=10KN/m2
Depth determination ;Ly/Lx=1.815
Ly/Lx
d(0.4 +0.6*300/400)2700/a
0.85*2700/26.85=85.475mm
((2-1.815)/(2-1))
1.815
a
25
? a=25+(35-25)
1
35
=26.85
Take d=86mm
D=86+12/2+15=107mm
Take D=110mmd=89mm
Design Load :
w=1.3*[0.11*25+10]+1.6*0.5; Assuming no occupancy except for casual
maintenance.
=17.375KN/m2
Design Moment:
Ly/Lx
1.75
1.815
+0.103=0.105
2
xf/xs
0.103
?
x=(0.111-0.103)[(1.82-1.75)/(2.1)]
0.111
ys=yf=0.056
Mxs=0.105*17.375*2.72=13.3 KNm =Mxf
Mys=0.056*17.375*2.72=7.09KNm=Myf
Design for Flexure
A) For Span Moment

Check for ductility
Depth check:
M
* b * f cd
13.3 * 10 6 KN / mm 2
= 63.08mm < 89mm.......OK !
0.295 * 1000 * 11.33
Reinforcement
As,min= smin*b*d=
Smin=
b= 1000mm (unit width)
As,cal=bd
2 * 13.3 * 10 6 11.33
=
1
= 0.007 >
*
]
min
10 3 * 89 2 * 11.33 260.87
= [1-
As, cal= 0.007*1000*89mm= 623.06mm2

i) Middle Strip
Reinforcement
As ,cal
623.06mm 2
# 12bars =
=
= 5.51
D 2 / 4
12 2 / 4
Provide 6 12 bars per meter width
Spacing:
S max
1000
1000
=
=181.52mm
A
623
.
06
/
A
s , cal
rebar
2
* 12 / 4
2h = 2 * 110 = 220mm
=181.52mm
350mm
Apply 12 C/C
180mm
ii) Edge Strip
Reinforcement
=4.28[minimum reinforcement]
Spacing
Apply 8 C/C
230mm
B) For Support Moment
Depth check
M
* b * f cd
7.09 * 10 6 KN / mm 2
= 46.06mm < 89 12 = 77mm.......OK !
0.295 * 1000 * 11.33
Reinforcement
= [1-
2 * 7.09 * 10 6 11.33
= 1 1 3
= 0.00486 >min
*
10 * 77 2 * 11.33 260.87
As, cal= 0.00486*1000*77mm= 373.86mm2

# 12bars =
As ,cal
D 2 / 4
373.86mm 2
= 3.31
12 2 / 4
Apply 4 12 bars per meter width
S max
1000
1000
=
= 302.51mm
A
373
.
86
/
A
s , cal
rebar
2
* 12 / 4
2h = 2 * 110 = 220mm
= 220mm
350mm
Provide 12 C/C
3.2
220mm
Ground floor slab
The design of ground floor slab is similar to that of the other floor slab. In the
ground floor slab design we have two alternatives. The first alternative is that two
lay the slab on the ground when the stability & strength of the ground soil is good.
The ether alternative is to suspend the ground floor slab on the tie-beames like the
other floor.
In our case we made the slab lay on the soil for our academic interest
Slab depth determination
The minimum slab depth determined from minimum depth require for deflection
according to EBCS 2 this depth has to be checked for flexural requirement after
the computation of bending moment
d = (0.4 + 0.6
f yk
400
le
ba
Where fyk = the characteristics strength of the rebar

Le = effective span &for two way slab the
Be = constant from table
Depth for cantilever slab
One way slab
Le = 2.15m
Ba = 10
d=
0.85 2150
= 182.75mm
10
Clear louver for internal structure

D = 182.75mm +15+7=204.75mm
Slab loading
The loads involved on designing the slab are
1. Dead weight of slab & partition wall carried by the slab
2. Live load to each floor is obtained according to the function of the room as
specified EBCS 1-1995 table.
Slab design moment (for slab)
The bending moment that are required for the determination of reinforcement
can be computed for the design loads computed for each panel in previous
section according to EBCS 2 1995
Check for slab depth
For flexure
The slab total depths have provided was from the requirement of deflection.
This depth has to be checked for flexure requirement has to be checked for
flexure requirement
d
m
mfcdb
m= max moment in the slab

M
fcd= concrete strength
b= liner width taken
for shear
The shale is checked for the highly loaded panel w/c is -------------------Slab reinforcement
the area of steal required for a section with given the acting moment ,the depth
&width can be calculated according limit design aids for reinforced concrete
member issued by BDE km=
m
bd 2
,k3 is value from table ab =
ksmd
d
3.3. Typical Floor Slab

a) Pannel-1
One way end span ( which can be treated as beam ) a=24
from serviceability requirement
d >= (0.4 + 0.6
f yk
le
400 a
= (0.4 + 0.6 *
300 4800
)*
= 170mm
400
24
Use d=170mm
b) Pannel-2
One way interior span a=28
d >= (0.4 + 0.6
f yk
le
400 a
= (0.4 + 0.6 *
300 5000
)*
= 178.57mm
400
28
Use d=179mm
c) Pannel-3
Two way end span
Lx=2150-400/2=1950mm=Le
(Assuming a 400mm width strong band along the unsupported side)
Ly=2700mm
Ly
Lx
Ly/Lx
2
1.39
1
a
30
?
40
2700
= 1.39mm
1950
x 30
1.39 2
2 1.39
=
= 1.39mm ==> x = 30 + (40 30) * (
) = 36.1
40 30
1 2
2 1
d >= (0.4 + 0.6
f yk
le
400 a
= (0.4 + 0.6 *
300 1950
)*
= 45.914mm
400
36.1
Use d=46mm
Ly/Lx
2
1.02
1
a
30
?
40
d) Pannel-4
Two way end span
Lx=4800mm=Le
Ly=4900mm
Ly
Lx
4900
= 1.021mm
4800
x 30
1.021 2
2 1.021
=
= 1.39mm ==> x = 30 + (40 30) * (
) = 39.79
40 30
12
2 1
d >= (0.4 + 0.6
f yk
le
300
4800
)
= (0.4 + 0.6 *
)*
= 102..54mm
400 a
400 39.79
Use d=46mm
e) Pannel-5
Ly/Lx
2
1.02
1
a
30
?
40
Two way end span
Lx=4900mm=Le
Ly=5000mm
Ly
Lx
5000
= 1.02mm
4900
x 30
1.02 2
2 1.02
=
= 1.39mm ==> x = 30 + ( 40 30) * (
) = 39.8
40 30
12
2 1
d >= (0.4 + 0.6
f yk
le
400 a
= ( 0 .4 + 0 .6 *
300 4800
)*
= 104.65mm
400
39.8
Use d=105mm
f) Pannel-6
Two way end span
Lx=2300-400/2=1900mm=Le
Ly/Lx
2
1.42
1
a
30
?
40
(Assuming a 400mm width strong band

along one side)
Ly=2700mm
Ly
Lx
2700
= 1.421mm
1900
x 30
1.421 2
2 1.421
=
= 1.39mm ==> x = 30 + (40 30) * (
) = 35.75
40 30
12
2 1
d >= (0.4 + 0.6
f yk
le
400 a
= (0.4 + 0.6 *
300 1900
)*
= 45.18mm
400 35.75
Use d=46mm
g) Pannel-7
Two way end span
Ly/Lx
2
1.66
1
a
30
?
40
Lx=2900mm=Le
Ly=4800mm
Ly
Lx
4800
= 1.66mm
2900
x 30
1.66 2
2 1.66
=
= 1.39mm ==> x = 30 + ( 40 30) * (
) = 33.4
40 30
1 2
2 1
d >= (0.4 + 0.6
f yk
le
400 a
= (0.4 + 0.6 *
300 42900
)*
= 73.802mm
400
33.4
Use d=74
h) Pannel-8
Two way end span
Lx=2900mm=Le
Ly/Lx
2
1.72
1
a
30
?
40
Ly=5000mm
Ly
Lx
5000
= 1.724mm
2900
x 30
1.724 2
2 1.724
=
= 1.39mm ==> x = 30 + ( 40 30) * (
) = 32.76
40 30
1 2
2 1
d >= (0.4 + 0.6
f yk
le
400 a
= (0.4 + 0.6 *
300
2900
)*
= 75.24mm
400 32.76
Use d=76mm
For one way slabs
The maximum effective depth so far was 170mm assuming 12 main
reinforcement bars and 15mm clear cover
D=170+12/2+15=191mm
Take D=200mm==> d=200-12/2-15=179mm
For one way slabs
The maximum effective depth so far was d=105mm assuming 12 main
reinforcement bars and 15mm clear cover
D=105+12/2+15=126mm
Take D=130mm==> d=130-12/2-15=109mm
3.2 LOADING
i. DEAD LOAD
SELF WEIGHT
130mmRCslab=0.13*25=3.25KN/m2
200mmRCslab=0.20*25=5KN/m2
30mm cement screed=0.03*23=0.69KN/m
20mm floor finish(terrazzo til,ceramic, or pvc)
20mm selling=0.02*23=0.46KN/m2
Partition wall with finishing distributed over the respective panels:
Pannel-1
((4.80+2.15)*0.2*14+(4.80+2.15)*0.04*23)*3=77.562KN
==>
Pannel-2
((5.00*0.2+2.15*0.1)*14+(5.00+2.15)*0.04*23)*3=70.764KN
==>
34.104 KN
= 1.392 KN / m 2
5.00m * 4.90m
Pannel-7
(0.2*14+*0.04*23)*2.90*3=32.364 KN
==>
43.5 KN
= 71.85KN / m 2
4.80m * 4.90m
Pannel-5
((4.90*0.1*14+(4.90*0.04*23)*3=34.104 KN
==>
70.764 KN
= 6.58 KN / m 2
5.00m * 2.15m
Panel-4
((4.80+1.45)*0.1*14+(4.80+1.45)*0.04*23)*3=43.5KN
==>
77.562 KN
= 7.52 KN / m 2
4.80m * 2.15m
32.364 KN
= 2.325 KN / m 2
2.90m * 4.80m
Pannel-8
(0.1*14+0.04*23)*(2.90+5)*3=54.984 KN
==>
54.984 KN
= 3.792 KN / m 2
2.90m * 5.00m
Note: wall along beams (on top of beam) and reasonable near beams are
intentionally left to be loaded later on the respective beams.
ii. LIVE LOAD
I.
Residential building==>category A
Panel 3&6
Longer side unsupported two way slabs
(Strip method of analysis)
2.70
2.15
K1
-K2
(1-K1)
(1+K2)
(1-)b
P=1.3(5.09)+1.6(2)=9.82 KN/m2
D=130mm, ==> d=130-12/2-15=109 mm
fcu=25Mpa ==>fcd=11.33 Mpa
fyk=300Mpa ==> fyk =260.87 Mpa
Let b=0.4m ==>=0.4/2.15=0.186
To apply at least minimum reinforcement bar in the longer direction
i.e. rmin=o.5/fyk=0.5/300=1.67*10-3
==>Amin= rmin*b*d=1.67*10-3*103*109=181.67mm2/m width
Using 8 bars:
82
1000 * a 1000 * *
s
4
=
181.67
As
= ( 276.69m)
Spacing S=
2 h = 2 *150 = 300mm
250mm
take S=250mm
Therefore
As min
* 82
* 10 3
as b
4
=
=
= 201.08mm 2
s
250
As
201.08
= 3
= 1.85 * 10 3
bd 10 * 109
We know that
2 M sd
= 1 1
b * d 2 * f cd
f cd
*
f yd
Rearranging terms
f
f
M sd = yd * b * d 2 * f cd 1 0.5 yd *
f cd
f cd
260.87
260.87
M sd =
* 1000 * 109 2 * 11.33 * 1.85 * 10 3 1 0.5
* 1.85 * 10 3 = 5.612kN m
11.33
11.33
==>select k1=0.5 since the panel is newly squared.

==>k1=0.5*9.82=4.91 kN/m2
M ys =
1 wl 2
1.95 2
k1
= 0.5 * 4.91 *
= 4.67kN m
2
2
2
2M
(1 ) 2 + 2ys
wb
k 2 = k1
(2 )
= 0 .5 *
2 * 4.67
9.82 * 2.15 2
= 0.372kN m
0.186( 2 0.186 )
(1 0.186) 2 +
==>k2=0.372*9.82=3.654 KN/m2
Check!
Mys=4.91*1.752/2-3.654*0.4*1.95=4.47 kN-mOK!
The maximum positive moment in the y-direction strips will be located at

point of zero shear with y1 as the distance of that point from the free edge to
the zero shear location:
4.91
Myf
3.6
54
o.4*3.654-4.91*(y-0.4)=0
Y1=0.7m
1
0.4
The maximum positive moment,
found
at that location is:
Myf= k2 *0.4*( Y1-0.4/2)- k1 *((Y1-0.4)/2)2

Myf=3.654*0.4*(0.7-0.4/2)-4.91*((0.7-0.4)/2)2=0.51KNm
For latter reference in cutting of bars, the point of inflection is located a

distance y2 from the free edge:
3.654*0.4*(y2-0.4/2)-(4.91/2)*(y2-0.4)2 =0
For the x-direction slab strips, the cantilever moment is:

(1-k1)*=(1-0.5)*9.82=4.91 KN/m2
The cantilever Mx=4.91*2.72/2=17.9 kNm
A ratio of negative to positive moments of 2.0 will be chosen here:

Negative Mxs=17.9*2/3=11.93 KNm
Positive Mxf=17.9 *1/3=5.97 KN/m
The unit load on the strong band in the x-direction is:

(1+k2)*=(1+0.372)*9.82=13.473 KN/m2
So for the 0.4m wide band the load per meter is
0.4*13.473=5.39 KN/m
(Reaction from the stair is included here)
The cantilever negative and positive strong band moments are respectively:
Cantilever Mx=5.39*2.72/2=19.65 KN-m
Negative Mxs=19.65*2/3=13.10 KN-m
Positive Mxf=19.65 *1/3=6.55 KN-m
II.
With negative moment of 14.32 kN and support reaction of 5.39*2.7/2=7.28

KN
The point of inflection in the strong band is found as follows:
13.473+7.28x-5.39x2/2=0
Panel -6
Longer side unsupported two way slabs
(Solid slab analysis)
2.70
2.0
K1
-K2
(1-K1)
(1+K2)
(1-)b
P=1.3(5.09)+1.6(2)=9.82 KN/m2
D=130mm, ==> d=130-12/2-15=109 mm
fcu=25Mpa ==>fcd=11.33 Mpa
fyk=300Mpa ==> fyk =260.87 Mpa
Let b=0.4m ==>=0.4/2.15=0.186
To apply at least minimum reinforcement bar in the longer direction

i.e. rmin=o.5/fyk=0.5/300=1.67*10-3
==>Amin= rmin*b*d=1.67*10-3*103*109=181.67mm2/m width
Using 8 bars:
82
1000 * as 1000 * * 4
=
= 276.69mm
181.67
As
Spacing S= 2h = 2 * 150 = 300mm

250mm
Take S=250mm
Therefore
As min
* 82
* 10 3
as b
4
=
=
= 201.08mm 2
s
250
As
201.08
= 3
= 1.85 * 10 3
bd 10 * 109
We know that
2 M sd
= 1 1
b * d 2 * f cd
Rearranging terms
f cd
*
f yd
f
f
M sd = yd * b * d 2 * f cd 1 0.5 yd *
f cd
f cd
260.87
260.87
M sd =
* 1000 * 109 2 * 11.33 * 1.85 * 10 3 1 0.5
* 1.85 * 10 3 = 5.612kN m
11.33
11.33
==>select k1=0.5 since the panel is newly squared.

==>k1=0.5*9.82=4.91 kN/m2
M ys =
1 wl 2
1 .8 2
k1
= 0.5 * 4.91 *
= 3.98kN m
2
2
2
2M
(1 ) 2 + 2ys
wb
k 2 = k1
(2 )
= 0.5 *
(1 0.2) 2 + 2 * 3.981
2
(9.82 * 2 ) = 0.326kN m
0.2( 2 0.21)
==>k2=0.326*9.82=3.2 KN/m2
Check!
Mys=4.91*1.62/2-3.2*0.4*1.8=3.981 kN-mOK!
The maximum positive moment in the y-direction strips will be located at

point of zero shear with y1 as the distance of that point from the free edge to
the zero shear location:
Myf
4.91
Y1
3.
2
o.4*3.2-4.91*(Y1-0.4)=0
Y1=0.661m
0.
4
The maximum positive moment, found at that location is:

Myf= k2 *0.4*( Y1-0.4/2)- k1 *((Y1-0.4)/2)2
Myf=3.2*0.4*(0.661-0.4/2)-4.91*((0.661-0.4)/2)2=0.423 KN-m
For latter reference in cutting of bars, the point of inflection is located a

distance y2 from the free edge:
3.2*0.4*(y2-0.4/2)-(4.91/2)*(y2-0.4)2 =0
For the x-direction slab strips, the cantilever moment is:

(1-k1)*=(1-0.5)*9.82=4.91 KN/m2
The cantilever Mx=4.91*2.72/2=17.9 kNm
A ratio of negative to positive moments of 2.0 will be chosen here:

Negative Mxs=17.9*2/3=11.93 KNm
Positive Mxf=17.9 *1/3=5.97 KN/m
The unit load on the strong band in the x-direction is:

(1+k2)*=(1+0.326)*9.82=13.02 KN/m2
So for the 0.4m wide band the load per meter is
0.4*13.02=5.21 KN/m
(Reaction from the stair is included here is 5.13KN-m)
The total load perimeter width on strong band is
5.13+5.21 =10.34 KN/m
The cantilever negative and positive strong band moments are respectively:
Cantilever Mx=10.34*2.72/2=37.69 KN-m
Negative Mxs=37.69*2/3=25.13 KN-m
Positive Mxf=37.69 *1/3=12.56 KN-m
III.
With negative moment of 25.13 KN and support reaction of

10.34*2.7/2=13.96 KN
The point of inflection in the strong band is found as follows:
25.13+13.96x-10.34x2/2=0
Panel -4
Type1 two way slab
Lx=4.8 and
Ly
Lx
Ly=4.9
4.9
= 1.02
4. 8
1.0
1.1
1.02
1
xs
0.03
2
0.037
xf
0.02
4
0.028
ys=0.032
yf=0.024
x=0.032+(0.037-0.032)*((1.021-1)/(1.1-1))=0.0331
x=0.024+(0.028-0.024)*((1.021-1)/(1.1-1))=0.025
P=1.3DL+1.6LL
=1.3*(3.25+0.69+2*0.46+1.89)+1.6*2=11.923 KN/m2
Mxs=0.0331*11.923*4.82=9.093 KN-m
1.0
1.1
1.02
1
xs
0.03
9
0.044
xf
0.02
9
0.033
1.5
1.75
1.65
5
xs
0.05
8
0.063
xf
0.04
3
0.047
Mxf=0.025*11.923*4.82=6.868 KN-m
Mys=0.032*11.923*4.82=8.79 KN-m
Myf=0.024*11.923*4.82=6.593 KN-m
IV.
Panel -5
Type 2 two way slab
Lx=4.9 and
Ly
Lx
Ly=5.0
5.0
= 1.021
4.9
ys=0.039
yf=0.029
x=0.039+(0.044-0.039)*((1.021-1)/(1.1-1))=0.04
x=0.029+(0.033-0.029)*((1.021-1)/(1.1-1))=0.03
P=1.3DL+1.6LL
=1.3*(3.25+0.69+2*0.46+1.392)+1.6*2=11.3276 KN/m2
Mxs=0.04*11.3276*4.92=10.879 KN-m ?
Mxf=0.03*11.3276*4.92=8.159 KN-m?
Mys=0.039*11.3276*4.92=10.61 KN-m
Myf=0.029*11.3276*4.92=7.89 KN-m
V.
Panel -7
Type 2 two way slab
=0.046
Lx=2.9 and
P=1.3DL+1.6LL
Ly
Lx
Ly=4.8
=1.3*(3.25+0.69+2*0.46+2.325)+1.6
*2
4.8
= 1.655
2.9
ys=0.039
yf=0.029
x=0.058+(0.063-0.058)*((1.655-1.5)/
(1.75-1.5))
=0.0611
Mxs=0.0611*12.54*2.92=6.44 KN-m
Mxf=0.046*12.54*2.92=4.85 KN-m
Mys=0.039*12.54*2.92=4.11 KN-m
x=0.043+(0.047-0.043)*((1.655-1.5)/
(1.75-1.5))
VI.
=12.54 KN/m2
Myf=0.029*12.54*2.92=3.06 KN-m
Panel -8
Type 2 two way slab
Lx=2.9 and
Ly
Lx
Ly=5.0
x=0.043+(0.047-0.043)*((1.724-1.5)/
(1.75-1.5))
5.0
= 1.724
2.9
=0.0466
P=1.3DL+1.6LL
ys=0.039 yf=0.029
xs
xf
1.5
1.75
0.05
8
0.04
0.06
3
0.04
1.72
4
?
?
=1.3*(3.25+0.69+2*0.46+3.792)+1.6
*2
3
7
x=0.058+(0.063-0.058)*((1.724-1.5)/
(1.75-1.5))
=14.45 KN/m2
=0.0625
Mxf=0.0466*14.45*2.92=5.66 KN-m
Mxs=0.0625*14.45*2.92=7.6 KN-m
Mys=0.039*14.45*2.92=4.74 KN-m
Myf=0.029*14.45*2.92=3.52 KN-m
VII.
Panels- 1,2&3
(One way cantilever slab)

W1=1.3*(5+0.69+2*0.46+7.52)+1.6*4KN/m=24.769KN/m
W2=1.3*(5+0.69+2*0.46+6.58.)+1.6*4KN/m=23.547KN/m
24.769
KN/m
20.347
KN/m
66.45
KNm
1.98 KNm
BM
D
34.46 KNm
5
40.71 KNm 4.8
0.40
mm
Assuming 20% moment redistribution:

66.45 x
= 0.2 ==>x2=53.16
66.45
1.584
53.16
KN-m
1.98 x
= 0.2 ==>x2=1.584
1.98
BM
D
Let us find maximum span moment, where shear force is zero.

Consider the following section:
24.769
KN/m
53.16 KN-m
Mx
0.40
mm
RA
4.8
m
RB1
Taking moment about point B

53.16+4.8RA=24.769*5.22/2
RA=58.531KN
RB1=70.268KN
Now, let x be the distance of zero shear form left edge in a span AB.
53.16 KN-m
24.769
KN/m
RA
x
x
Mx
24.769*x=58.531
==>x=2.37m
Mx=(2.37-0.4)*58.531-
24.769*2.37 /2
2
=45.744KN
Consider again the following section:
53.16 KN-m
Taking moment about point B.
20.347
53.16+5RC=20.347*5 2/2
RC=40.236 KN
==>RB2=5*20347-40.236=61.5KN
RB1
RB=RB1+RB2=131.77KN
5.0
m
RC
Let y be the distance of form right edge zero shear in a span BC.
20.347*y=40.236
53.16 KN-m
==>y=1.98m
20.347
KN/m
My=RC*y-20.347*y2/2
My
=40.236*1.98-20.347*1.982/2
RC
=39.783 KN
After redistribution:
53.16 KNm
1.584
46.059 KN-m
i.
BMD
39.72
SECTION A-A
2
1
53.16 KNm
1.584
3
11.93
k=0.2
k=0.37
5.97
39.783
45.744
0.4
4.8
0.628
5.0
4
-4.187
-4.187
Cx=0.338+(0.325-0.338)*(1.256-1.2)/(1.31.2)=0.331
Lx/Ly
1.2
1.25
1.3
0.649 2.7
-7.743
4.187
Cx
0.33
?
0.32
Cy=0.172+(0.135-0.172)*(1.256-1.2)/(1.3-1.2)=0.1513
Cy
0.17
?
0.13
BMD
Mxf=0+0.33*11.93=3.95
Myf=5.97+0.1513*11.93=7.775
ii.
SECTION B-B
1
2
9.093 KN-m
4.0374
k=0.208
10.61 KN-m
3
11.93
k=0.37
k=0.2
BMD
6.868
0.4
4.8
-4.0374
0.649
0.9232
-7.743
-4.187
8.71
5.97
7.89 KN-m
5.0
9.093 10.61
9.852 9.852
2.7
10.61 11.9
11.27 311.27
11.93
4.187
8.71
Cx=0.28+(0.314-0.28)*(1.02-1)/(1.1-1)=0.287
Lx/Ly
1
1.02
1.1
Cy=0.38+(0.374-0.38)*(1.02-1)/(1.1-1)=0.379
Mxf= Mxf+ CxM=6.868+0.287*(9.093-4.0314)=8.320
Cx
0.28
?
0.31
Cy
0.38
?
0.37
Myf= Myf+ CxM=6.593+0.379*(9.093-4.0314)=8.510
iii.
SECTION C-C
2
3
4.11KN
m
k=0.208
4.74 KNm
k=0.2
BMD
3.06
3.52 KNm
5.0
4.8
4.425KN
m
iv.
SECTION D-D
4.425KN
m
2
-1.4767
0.8733
4.11KN
4.74 KN-m k=0
7.916
7.9167
m
k=0.208
.2
7
3.06KN
m
BMD
3.52 KNm
5.0
4.8
0.628
4
0.3716
a) left side
Cx=0.38+(0.356-0.38)*(1.02-1)/(1.1-1)=0.375
Cy=0.28+(0.22-0.28)*(1.02-1)/(1.1-1)=0.268
Mxf= Mxf+ CxM=8.320+0.375*(8.79-6.44)=9.201
Myf= Myf+ CxM=8.510+0.268*(8.79-6.44)=9.140
b) Right side
Mxf= Mxf+ CxM=9.201+0.375*(8.79-0)=12.497
Myf= Myf+ CxM=9.14+0.268*(8.79-0)=11.496
v.
SECTION E-E
Lx/Ly
1
1.02
1.1
Cx
0.38
?
0.35
Cy
0.28
?
0.22
7.6 KN-m
C
10.879 KNm
A
B 10.879 KN7.6 KN-m m
k=0.2
k=0.345
0 KN-m
k=0.465
BMD
5.66 KN-m
8.159 KN-m
4.9
2.9
0.633
4
-2.076
9.676
0.3716
-1.2
9.676
0.3
3.264
-7.615
2.1
5
0.7
7.615
7.615
c) left side
Cx=0.28+(0.314-0.28)*(1.02-1)/(1.11)=0.287
Mxf= Mxf+
CxM=8.189+0.287*(10.879-7.6)=9.1
Cy=0.38+(0.374-0.38)*(1.02-1)/(1.11)=0.379
Myf= Myf+ CxM=7.89+0.379*(10.8797.6)=9.133
d) Right side
Mxf= Mxf+ CxM=9. 1+0.287*(10.879-0)=12.22
Myf= Myf+ CxM=9.133+0.379*(10.879-0)=13.256
Panel-5
One way cantilever slab
24.769
KN
P=1.3Gk+1.3gk+1.6qk , Gk=wall load

9.518 KN
gk=(13.25+0.69+2*0.46)
==>P3=1.3*4.86=6.38 KN
P1=8.4*1.3=10.92 KN
0.10
mm
0.3
m
qk=2 ==>P2=1.6*2=3.2 KN/m
M=0.3*10.92+0.42*9.518/2=4.0374
KN
R=0.4*9.518+10.92=14.73 KN
Load Area
qk
2
(KN/m
general
stairs
balconies
4. Stair analysis and design
3.3 STAIR ANALYSIS

I.
Lay out and effective depth
1.50
m
1.80
m
3.00
m
1.15
m
From serviceability requirement:

d >= (0.4 + 0.6
f yk
le
400 a
= 0.85 *
4800
= 170mm
24
D=170+12/2+15=191mm
Putting on strong band to make the depth the same as the rest of slabs and avoid
tipping effect.
Serviceability
Check:
d >= (0.4 + 0.6
f yk
le
400 a
= (0.4 + 0.6 *
300 3000
)*
= 106.25mm
400
24
D=106.25+12/2+15=127.25 mm
Take D=130mm ==> d=109 mm
tan =
II.
1.5
1.5
==> = tan 1 ( ) = 26.565 0
3
3
LOADING
A. Dead Load
1. Flight
=
0.13 * 25 + 0.03 * 23
= 4.405 KN / m
Cos 26.565
Slab self weight + plastering
steps =
2cm marble thread + 2cm cement mortar =0.02*(23+27)=1

KN/m
13cm marble riser + 2cm cement mortar =

= 10 *
0.13 * 25 + 0.03 * 23
= 1.625KN / m
cos 26.565
0.02 * 0.15 * ( 27 + 23)

= 0.5 KN / m
3
Total load = 4.405+1.625+1+0.5= 7.53 KN/m
2. Landing
13cm RC slab = 0.13*25 = 3.25 KN/m
2cm marble = 0.02*27 = 0.54 KN/m
3cm cement screed = 0.03*23 = 0.69KN/m
3cm plastering = 0.03*23 = 0.69KN/m
Total = 5.17 KN/m

B. Live Load
=3KN/m2*1m(width) = 3KN/m
C. Design load
1. Flight=1.3*7.53+1.6*3=14.589KN/m
2. Landing=1.3*5.17+1.6*3=11.521KN/m
III.
Analysis
14.589
KN/m
11.521
KN/m
11.521
KN/m
3.00m
1.80m
9.43 KN/m
1.15m
7.62 KN/m
BMD
1.14 KN/m
7.84 KN/m
15.61 KN
21.28 KN
SFD
5.13 KN
5.13 KN
-22.49 KN
B
13.25 KN
C
Reactio
n
38.09
KN
34.53 KN
KN
Fig. SAP Output of Moment, Shear force, and Support Reactions diagrams
i.
Design Loads
design moment
span BC=7.84 KN-m
support B=9.43 KN-m
design shear
span AB=15.61 KN
span BC=22.49 KN
ii.
Check for Deflection
Where
W=Flight unfactored design load =7.53+3=10.53 KN/m
L=length of stair =3m
E=29GPa
max
5 *10.53 *1000 * 3 4
=1.28mm
=
384 * 29 *10 9 * 0.0003
According to EBCS-2, 1995 sec. 5.2.2.

The final deflection shall not be exceed the value
where Le effective length
Le=3000 mm
3000
= 15mm
200
Here max=1.28mm<all=15mm . . . OK!

iii.
Check Shear Capacity

fctd= for C25=1.032MPa=1032KPa
where
where
d=109mm
k2=1.6-d=1.6-0.109=1.491mm
bw=1.2m
vc=0.25*1032*1.491*1.2*0.109=50.32KN
vc=50.32KN >Vsd,max=22.49KN . . . .OK!
iv.
Reinforcement Calculation
For Flight, span BC
Check for ductility
Depth check:
it is ok!
As,min= smin*b*d=0.5/300*1000*109=181.17mm2
b= 1000mm (unit width)
As,cal=bd
= [1-
[ 1As, cal= 0.00261*1000*109mm= 284.25mm2

Reinforcement
=2.51
Spacing:
Apply 12 C/C
260mm
v.
Secondary Reinforcement
According to EBCS-2, 1995 sec. 7.2.2.2.
The ratio of the secondary reinforcement to the main reinforcement shall be at
least equal to 0.2.
Thus, the transverse reinforcement:
As,t=0.2*As=0.2*341.388=68.28mm2/m< As,mi=181.17mm2
use 10mm
as=78.54mm2
spacing,s=as*b/As=78.54*1200/181.17=433.52mm
Use 10mm c/c 430mm
Fig Reinforcement Distribution design

vi.
Load transform from stair to beam

Reaction force at support A,RA=5.13KN
Reaction force at support B, RB=38.09KN
Reaction force at support C, RC=34.53KN
5. Earth Quake Analysis

5.1.
Mass, Mass-center and Center of Rigidity Determination
I. Mass
Weight of a typical floor
i) weight of walls = 2,082.02KN
ii) weight of beams =
5*0.4*0.27*23.1*252.5*0.4*027*25
= 305.1
2*6*[1.95+4.5+2.5]*0.4*0.27*25
= 289.98
iii) slab and finishing
4*7.8*9.8*0.13*25 = 993.72
4*2.15*9.8*0.2*25 = 421.40
2*2.7*4.15*0.13*25 = 72.83
= 1487.95
Finishing = [19.9*23.112*2.7]*0.07*23
= 687.94
Total = 2,175.89KN
iV. Columns:
30*13-0.13*2) *0.4*0.3*25 = 246.6KN
v. Stair = 2*2.4*(3*7.53+2.95*5.17) =
181.64KN
Total = 5,281.23KN
5,300KN
Weight of 5
seat]
th
Take
2*4*0.3*0.4*(1/2) *1.5*25 =
18KN
beams
4*(0.4-0.11)*0.4*[2.7+ (4.90.8)]*25
floor [water tank
= 78.88KN
Slab
Total = 184.33KN
Take 185KN
2*0.11*0.3*5.3*25 = 87.45KN
Weight of ground floor
Columns
Wall
2*3*[4.5*0.2**3+4.7*0.2*3]*14
+2*4*0.10*14*[4.5+2.5]
Roofing= (GIS + Zigba purlin

and truss]
purlin +EGA = 0.-76KN/m
truss 3.08 per 1.5m
+2*2*0.2*14*[4.5+2.5]=
620.48KN
column
= 240.056KN
30*(2.5/2+3/2)*0.3*0.4*25 =
247.5KN
Stair half stair

[181.64] = 90.82KN
Total = 958.8KN
960KN
take
Weight of foot story
Columns
[8(2/2) +(3/2)30]*0.4*0.3*25 =
195KN
= 3.08*2*[17+3+8*71]*0.076
Beams (top tie beams)

[5*23.1+12*(1.95+4.5+2.5]*0.4
*0.4*25 = 891.6KN
Total = 1290.656
1291KN
take
II. Mass Center

Only typical floor mass center determination is presented here, others are done in
similar fashion and results are used.
5.2.
D-value computation
Assuming 30X40 columns and 40X40 beams with similar E value

y
k=
k=
kc
0.5 + k
a=
2+k
x
40
40
kb
3
4
Typical
typical
0 column
0 beam
=
4.Icy= (0.4*0.33)/12=0.9*10-3===kcy= (0.9*10-3)/Lc and Icx=
4(0.3*0.43)/12=1.6*10-3Kcx= (1.6*10-3)/Lc
4
4Ib=(0.4*0.43)/12=2.133*10-3kb=(2.133*10-3)/Lb
FRAME ON AXIS A-A
Kb=4.44
4
1.277
1.776
1.277
1.776
1.277
1.277
Kc=3
Kc=3.
6
Kc=4.
5
Kb=4.26
7
=1.481
a=0.426
D=1.27
Kb=4.4
7
44
=1.234
D=1.93
a=0.536
1.776
kb
2kc
k
a=
2+k
Kb=7.90
1=2.23
a=0.527
D=2.372
Kb=7.90
1
2.009
1.277
2.009
1.776
D=4.74
5
1.277
1.776
D=10.1
24
2.009
1.776
2.009
=2.904
=4.056
1.277
1.277
=2.904
a=0.592
D=1.776
Kb=4.26
7
=2.42
a=0.67
D=2.009
Kb=7.90
1
=3.38
a=0.592
D=1.776
Kb=4.26
7
=2.42
a=0.661
D=2.378
D=2.6
a=0.721
a=0.661
D=2.378
1.776
1.776
=1.481
a=0.426
D=1.27
Kb=4.4
7
44
=1.234
D=1.93
a=0.536
D=10.1
24
D=10.1
24
D=10.1
24
D=13.8
16
FRAME ON AXIS B-B
kc=4.5
D=1.27
7
D=1.27
7
kb=4.2
67
D=1.77
6
kb=7.9
01
=2.23
D=2.37
a=0.52
2
7
kb=7.9
kc=3
01
=4.056
D=1.77
D=2.00
6
9
D=2.019
D=1.776
D=4.74
5
D=1.27
7
D=10.1
24
D=1.776
D=1.27
7
D=1.27
7
11.57
D=1.776
11.57
D=1.776
D=1.27
7
11.57
D=2.019
D=1.27
7
D=1.776
D=2.019
D=1.27
7
kc=3
a=0.426
D=1.277
=1.481
Kb=4.44
4Kc=3.6
k=1.234
D=1.93
a=0.536
D=1.776
=2.904
a=0.592
D=1.776
Kb=4.26
7=2.42
a=0.661
D=2.378
kc=6
a=1.014
D=2.019
Kb=4.26
kc=6
7
a=0.455
Kb=7.90
=3.38
1
a=0.721
D=2.6
=2.904
a=0.592
D=1.776
kc=3
a=0.426
D=1.277
=1.481
Kb=4.26
7
=2.42
D=11.5
7
Kb=4.44
4
Kc=3.6
k=1.234
D=1.93
a=0.536
a=0.661
D=2.378
5
D=13.8
16
FRAME ON AXIS C-C

kb=7.9
01
=2.739
D=1.27
7
kb=4.2
67
D=1.77
6
D=1.27
7
D=1.77
6
1.247
D=1.77
6
1.247
D=1.27
7
a=0.57
8
D=1.73
4
D=0.00
D=9.574
D=1.27
7
D=1.77
6
D=1.27
7
D=1.77
6
D=1.27
7
D=1.77
6
D=8.6
D=8.6
=1.422
D=1.27
7
kc=3
a=0.426
D=1.277
=1.481
Kb=4.44
4Kc=3.6
k=1.234
D=1.93
a=0.536
D=1.77
6
=2.420
a=0.592
D=1.776
Kb=4.26
7=2.42
a=0.661
D=2.378
a=0.416
D=1.247
=2.739
a=0.578
D=1.734
Kb=7.90
=3.38
1
a=0.721
D=2.596
D=1.27
7
D=1.77
6
kc=3
a=0.426
D=1.277
=1.481
Kb=4.44
4Kc=3.6
k=1.234
D=1.93
a=0.536
=2.420
a=0.592
D=1.776
Kb=4.26
7=2.42
a=0.661
D=2.378
5
D=8.6
D=9.574
D=13.816
FRAME ON AXIS 1-1 and 2-2
D=0
1.546
2.791
3.092
1.546
11.766
1.546
2.791
3.092
1.546
1.546
2.791
1.546
Kc=5.333
=0.816
a=0.29
D=1.546
kb=4.354
Kc=6.4
=0.68
a=0.44
D=2.818
2.791
=2.196
a=0.523
D=2.791
Kb=7.356
=1.83
a=0.608
D=3.893
3.092
3.092
=2.759
a=0.580
D=3.092
Kb=7.356
=2.99
a=0.651
D=4.167
1.546
1.546
D=11.7
66
D=11.7
66
D=11.7
66
Kc=5.333
=0.816
a=0.29
D=11.7
66
kb=4.354
Kc=6.4
=0.68
a=0.44
D=2.818
D=17.5
89
FRAME ON AXIS 3
kc=8
=1.004
2.00
D=1.54
6
a=0.33
D=2.67
4
4
D=1.54
6
D=2.79
1
D=1.54
6
D=1.54
6
D=1.54
6
kc=5.3
=0.816
33
a=0.29
D=1.54
6kb=4.3
54
kc=6.4
=0.68
03
a=0.44
D=2.81
8
D=2.79
1
D=2.79
1
D=2.79
1
=2.196
a=0.52
D=2.79
3
1kb=7.3
56
=1.82
a=0.60
8
D=3.89
3
D=8.44
D=3.09
2
D=3.09
2
D=3.09
2
D=3.09
2
=2.759
a=0.58
D=3.09
2
=2.299
a=0.65
D=4.16
1
7
2.90
D=1.54
6
D=11.7
66
D=1.54
6
D=11.7
66
D=1.54
6
D=11.7
66
D=1.54
6
D=11.7
66
kc=5.3
=0.816
33
a=0.29
D=1.54
6kb=4.3
54
kc=6.4
=0.68
03
a=0.44
D=2.81
8 4.90
D=11.7
66
D=17.5
89
(17.5
8)9
(17.5
8)9
(17.58
)
2.81
8
(17.5
8)9
(17.58
)
2.81
8
(17.5
8)9
2.81
8
1. Basement
Story
A
15.66
B
10.7
3.89
3
3.89
3
3.89
3
(13.816
)
1.9
3
1.9
3
1
4.8
2
2.59
6
2.37
8
2.6
2.6
2.37
8
1.9 ((13.81
6)
3
3.89
3
2.3
78
2.81
8
2.81
8
1.9
3
2.59
6
2.3
78
1.9
3
(13.81
6)
2.81
8
D
4.9
2.3
78
3.89
3
3.89
3
C
7.8
7.8
4.16
7
(13.81
6)
4.16
7
4.16
7
1.9
3
2.6
2.6
9.8
3
15.
2
3
17.
5
2
2.37
8
1.9
3
22.
3
1
(13.816
)
(11.7
66)9
(11.7
66)9
(11.76
6)
1.54
6
(11.7
669
(11.76
6
1.54
6
1.54
6
(11.7
66)9
2. Ground Story
A
15.66
B
10.7
2.76
1
2.76
1
2.76
1
(10.124
)
1.27
7
1.27
7
1
4.8
2
1.73
4
1.77
6
2.73
2
2.73
2
1.77
6
1.27
7
(9.574)
1.27
7
(11.57)
2.79
1
1.77
6
1.54
6
1.54
6
1.27
7
1.73
4
1.77
6
1.54
6
D
4.9
1.776
2.79
1
2.79
1
C
7.8
7.8
3.09
2
(11.57)
3.09
2
3.09
2
1.9
3
9.8
3
2.00
9
15.
2
3
1.77
6
17.
5
2
1.27
7
1.27
7
22.
3
1
(10.124
)
(11.7
66)9
(11.7
66)9
(11.76
6)
1.54
6
(11.7
669
(11.76
6
1.54
6
(11.7
66)9
1.54
6
3. 1st ,2nd ,3rd Stories
A
15.66
B
10.7
2.79
1
2.79
1
(10.124
)
(11.57)
3.09
2
1.27
7
D
4.9
1.27
7
1
1.77
6
1.54
6
1.54
6
1.27
7
4.8
2
1.24
7
1.24
7
1.77
6
2.73
2
2.73
2
1.77
6
1.27
7
(9.574)
1.27
7
(11.57)
2.79
1
1.776
2.79
1
2.79
1
C
7.8
7.8
1.77
6
1.54
6
3.09
2
1.9
3
9.8
3
2.00
9
15.
2
3
1.77
6
17.
5
2
1.27
7
1.27
7
22.
3
1
(10.124
)
(11.766
)
(11.766
)
(11.76
6)
1.54
6
(11.7
669
(11.76
6
1.54
6
1.54
6
2.79
1
2.79
1
3.09
2
10.7
(10.124)
3.09
2
15.66
2.79
1
(11.7
66)9
4. 4th floor story
(10.124)
1.27
7
2
4.8
1.77
6
2.79
1
1.73
4
1.77
6
1.277 (10.124)
2.00
9
2.00
9
1.77
6
1.54
6
1.77
6
1.54
6
1.54
6
1.27
7
1.277 (9.574)
1.73
4
1.776
2.79
1
D 4.9
1.27
7
2.79
1
C 7.8
7.8
3.09
2
1.9
3
3
9.8
1.277 (10.124)
2.00
9
3
15.
2
2.00
9
2
17.
5
1.27
6
1
22.
3
(0.00)
(0.00)
0.00
(8.44)
1.54
6
0.00
(8.44
1.54
6
(0.00
0.00
(0.00)
0.00
5. 5TH STORY
A
15.66
0.00
0.00
2.67
4
2.67
4
0.00
0.00
(4.745)
B
10.7
0.00
0.00
4.8
9.8
0.00
2.37
2
15.
2
3
0.00
(4.745)
0.00
0.00
17.5
2
(0.00)
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.37
2
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.67
4
2.37
2
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.37
2
1.54
6
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.67
4
0.00
0.00
D
4.9
0.00
0.00
1.54
6
0.00
C
7.8
7.8
0.00
0.00
0.00
(4.745)
22.
3
1
(4.745)
Shear center
1.
a. Basement floor
Xs =
D x
D
y
17.589 * 0 +17.589 * 4.8 +17.589 * 9.8 + 17.589 * 15.2 + 17.589 * 17.5 + 17.589 * 22.3
= 11.6
6 * 17.589
Ys =
D y
D
x
13.816 * 0 +13.816 * 4.9 + 13.816 * 7.8 +13.816 * 10.70 + 13.816 * 15.6

= 7.8
5 * 13.816
b. Ground floor
Xs
=
Ys =
11.766 * 0 +11.766 * 4.8 +11.766 * 9.8 +11.766 * 15.2 +11.766 * 17.5 +11.766 * 22.3
= 11.6
6 * 11.766
10.124 * 0 +11.57 * 4.9 + 9.574 * 7.8 +11.57 * 10.7 +10.124 * 15.6

= 7.8
( 2 *10.124 + 2 * 11.57 + 9.574)
c. Typical 1st 2nd and 3rd floor

Xs
=
Ys =
11.766 * 0 +11.766 * 4.8 +11.766 * 9.8 +11.766 * 15.2 +11.766 * 17.5 +11.766 * 23.3
= 11.6
6 * 11.766
10.124 * 0 + 11.57 * 4.9 + 8.60 * 7.8 +11.57 * 10.7 +10.124 * 15.6

= 7. 8
2 * 10.124 + 11.57 * 2 + 8.60
d. 4th floor
Xs
=
11.766 * 0 +11.766 * 4.8 +11.766 * 9.8 +11.766 * 15.2 +11.766 * 17.5 +11.766 * 22.3
= 11.6
6 * 11.766
Ys =
10.124 * 0 +11.57 * 4.9 + 9.574 * 7.8 +11.57 * 10.7 +10.124 * 15.6

= 7.8
( 2 *10.124 + 2 * 11.57 + 9.574)
e. 5th floor
Xs =
0 * 0 + 0 * 4.8 + 8.44 + 9.8 + 8.44 * 15.2 + 0 * 17.5 + 0 * 22.3

= 12.5
2 * 8.44
Ys =
4.745 * 0 + 400.745 * 4.9 + 0 * 7.8 + 4.745 * 10.7 + 4.745 * 15.6

= 7.8m
4 * 4.745
5.3.
Story shear distribution
Method response spectrum
since the building is regular both in plan and in elevation static method
of frame analysis will be adopted here
We know that seismic base shear in the main direction is given by:
Fb = Sd(Ti)w
Ti = CiH3/4, Ci = 0.075 (RC moment resisting frame)
= 0.075(195)3/4 H = 19.5m above the base
= 0.696
Sd(To) = , =oI, o=0.05,for zone 2

=0.05*1
I=1, for ordinal building
=0.05
= 1.2S/T2/32.5
=
,S=1.5 for sub soil class-c
1.2 * 1.5
= 2.292 2.5ok!
(0.696)2 / 3
g= g okDkekN0.70
g o=0.2 for frame system
Kd = 1.5 for DC"M"
Ke=1 regular in elevation
KN= 1 for frame
= g =0.2*1.5*1*1=0.30.7
0k!
Sd (Ti)=0.05*2.292*0.3=0.03440****************
W= Gk(no need for live load allowance)
Fb = sd (T1)*w= 0.0344*23,636= 813.08 kN
Ft = 0.07 T1Fd= 0.07*0.696*813.08 = 39.61 kN
Fb-Ft = 775,47 kN
Story
5.4.
hi(m
)
19.5
wihi
Fi(KN)
5th
Wi(KN
)
185
3607.5
Roof
1,291
17.5
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
Ground
5,300
5,300
5,300
5,300
960
23,63
6
14.5
11.5
8.5
5.5
2.5
22,592.
5
.76,850
60,950
45,050
29,150
2,400
240.600
11.60+39.6
1
72.63
247.054
195.94
144.83
93.71
7.72
773.484
Lateral load distribution among frame elements
Story shear in each of the floors is distributed to each of 2D-frames

according to their stiffness in the following tables. In addition to actual
eccentricity accidental torsion effect is also considered
x1 = 1 +
D
Dx( y )
x 2 = 1 +
y1 = 1 +
e y1 y
+ Dy ( x)
Dx( y )
Dx( y)
D
Qy=
D
Qx=
ex2 x
+ Dy ( x )
* max( y1 , y 2 )
D x Vx
e x1 y
+ Dy ( x )
D y Vy
e y1 y
Dx( y ) 2 + Dy ( x)
D
y 2 =1 +
* max( x1 , x 2 )
Eyi=ey0.05Lx
Exi=ex0.05Ly
X, Y: co-ordinate distance from

origin of the axis
Where:
: Distance of frame from

shear center
Dx, Dy: d- value of frames in the XY directions
ey
X ,Y
ex
y-direction eccentricity
x-direction eccentricity
1) 5th Floor
X-direction
Qx6=
51.21 KN
Dx
Axis
Dx2
a x1
a x2
Q6x
1.380
0.000
7.800
83.959
1.205
0.795
15.317
1.400
4.900
2.900
11.774
1.076
0.924
13.878
0.000
7.800
0.000
0.000
1.000
1.000
0.000
1.400
10.700
-2.900
11.774
0.924
1.076
13.878
1.380
15.600
-7.800
83.959
0.795
1.205
15.317
5.560
191.466
58.390
Accidental Eccentricity
Action axis
mass
center
shear
center
Actual
eccentricity
Li
eui1
eui2
Total Eccentricity
eli1
eli2
11.15
12.5
-1.35
23.1
1.155
-1.155
-0.195
-2.505
7.8
7.8
19.1
0.955
-0.955
0.955
-0.955
a y1
a y2
Y-direction
Qy6=
51.21 KN
Dy
Axis
Dyxb2
xb
Q6y
12.5
0.983
0.777
0.000
4.8
7.7
0.989
0.863
0.000
0.718
9.8
2.7
5.23422
0.996
0.952
25.509
0.718
15.2
-2.7
5.23422
1.004
1.048
26.837
17.5
-5
1.007
1.089
0.000
22.3
-9.8
1.014
1.175
0.000
1.436
10.468
52.346
2) 4th Floor
X-direction
Qx6=
72.63 KN
Dx2
Dx
13.616
0.000
7.800
828.397
1.228
0.772
18.119
13.614
4.900
2.900
114.494
1.085
0.915
16.002
12.574
7.800
0.000
0.000
1.000
1.000
13.624
13.614
10.700
-2.900
114.494
0.915
1.085
16.002
13.616
15.600
-7.800
828.397
0.772
1.228
18.119
Axis
67.034
a x1
a x2
1885.782
81.865
Action axis
mass
center
shear
center
Actual
eccentricity
Li
Q6x
eui1
eui2
Total Eccentricity
eli1
eli2
11.15
12.5
-1.35
23.1
1.155
-1.155
-0.195
-2.505
7.8
7.8
19.1
0.955
-0.955
0.955
-0.955
a y1
a y2
Y-direction
Qy6=
72.63 KN
Dy
Axis
Dyxb2
xb
Q6y
0.8616
12.5
134.625
0.994
0.926
12.035
0.8616
4.8
7.7
51.084264
0.996
0.954
12.062
0.8616
9.8
2.7
6.281064
0.999
0.984
12.090
0.8616
15.2
-2.7
6.281064
1.001
1.016
12.298
0.8616
17.5
-5
21.54
1.002
1.030
12.463
0.8616
22.3
-9.8
82.748064
1.005
1.058
12.807
5.1696
302.559
73.756
3) 3rd Floor
X-direction
Qy5=
247.054 KN
Dx2
Dx
13.616
0.000
7.800
828.397
1.218
0.782
64.491
12.668
4.900
2.900
106.538
1.081
0.919
53.247
10.980
7.800
0.000
0.000
1.000
1.000
42.687
12.668
10.700
-2.900
106.538
0.919
1.081
53.247
13.616
15.600
-7.800
828.397
0.782
1.218
64.491
Axis
63.548
a x1
a x2
1869.871
278.162
Action axis
mass
center
shear
center
Actual
eccentricity
Li
Q6x
eui1
eui2
Total Eccentricity
eli1
eli2
11.15
11.6
-0.45
23.1
1.155
-1.155
0.705
-1.605
7.8
7.8
19.1
0.955
-0.955
0.955
-0.955
a y1
a y2
Y-direction
Qx5=
247.054 KN
Dy
Axis
Dyxb2
xb
Q6y
0.8616
11.6
115.936896
1.019
0.956
41.979
0.8616
4.8
6.8
39.840384
1.011
0.974
41.646
0.8616
9.8
1.8
2.791584
1.003
0.993
41.300
0.8616
15.2
-3.6
11.166336
0.994
1.014
41.743
0.8616
17.5
-5.9
29.992296
0.990
1.023
42.105
0.8616
22.3
-10.7
98.644584
0.982
1.041
42.862
5.1696
298.372
251.635
4) 2nd Floor
X-direction
Qy5=
195.94 KN
Dx2
Dx
13.616
0.000
7.800
828.397
1.218
0.782
51.148
12.668
4.900
2.900
106.538
1.081
0.919
42.230
10.980
7.800
0.000
0.000
1.000
1.000
33.855
12.668
10.700
-2.900
106.538
0.919
1.081
42.230
13.616
15.600
-7.800
828.397
0.782
1.218
51.148
Axis
63.548
a x1
a x2
1869.871
220.612
Action axis mass center
shear
center
Actual
eccentricity
Li
Q6x
eui1
eui2
Total Eccentricity
eli1
eli2
11.15
11.6
-0.45
23.1
1.155
-1.155
0.705
-1.605
7.8
7.8
19.1
0.955
-0.955
0.955
-0.955
a y1
a y2
Y-direction
Qx5=
195.94 KN
Dy
Axis
Dyxb2
xb
Q6y
0.8616
11.6
115.936896
1.019
0.956
33.293
0.8616
4.8
6.8
39.840384
1.011
0.974
33.030
0.8616
9.8
1.8
2.791584
1.003
0.993
32.755
0.8616
15.2
-3.6
11.166336
0.994
1.014
33.107
0.8616
17.5
-5.9
29.992296
0.990
1.023
33.394
0.8616
22.3
-10.7
98.644584
0.982
1.041
33.994
5.1696
298.372
199.573
5) 1st Floor
X-direction
Qy5=
144.83 KN
Dx2
Dx
13.616
0.000
7.800
828.397
1.218
0.782
37.807
12.668
4.900
2.900
106.538
1.081
0.919
31.215
10.980
7.800
0.000
0.000
1.000
1.000
25.024
12.668
10.700
-2.900
106.538
0.919
1.081
31.215
13.616
15.600
-7.800
828.397
0.782
1.218
37.807
Axis
63.548
a x1
a x2
1869.871
163.067
shear
center
Actual
eccentricity
Li
Q6x
eui1
eui2
Total Eccentricity
eli1
eli2
11.15
11.6
-0.45
23.1
1.155
-1.155
0.705
-1.605
7.8
7.8
19.1
0.955
-0.955
0.955
-0.955
a y1
a y2
Y-direction
Qx5=
144.83 KN
Dy
Axis
Dyxb2
xb
Q6y
0.8616
11.6
115.936896
1.019
0.956
24.609
0.8616
4.8
6.8
39.840384
1.011
0.974
24.414
0.8616
9.8
1.8
2.791584
1.003
0.993
24.211
0.8616
15.2
-3.6
11.166336
0.994
1.014
24.471
0.8616
17.5
-5.9
29.992296
0.990
1.023
24.683
0.8616
22.3
-10.7
98.644584
0.982
1.041
25.127
5.1696
298.372
147.515
6) GroundFloor
X-direction
Qy5=
93.71 KN
Dx2
Dx
13.616
0.000
7.800
828.397
1.224
0.776
23.971
12.668
4.900
2.900
106.538
1.083
0.917
19.740
12.574
7.800
0.000
0.000
1.000
1.000
18.088
12.668
10.700
-2.900
106.538
0.917
1.083
19.740
13.616
15.600
-7.800
828.397
0.776
1.224
23.971
Axis
65.142
a x1
a x2
1869.871
105.510
shear
center
Actual
eccentricity
Li
Q6x
eui1
eui2
Total Eccentricity
eli1
eli2
11.15
11.6
-0.45
23.1
1.155
-1.155
0.705
-1.605
7.8
7.8
19.1
0.955
-0.955
0.955
-0.955
a y1
a y2
Y-direction
Qx5=
93.71 KN
Dy
Axis
Dyxb2
xb
Q6y
0.8616
11.6
115.936896
1.019
0.956
15.923
0.8616
4.8
6.8
39.840384
1.011
0.974
15.797
0.8616
9.8
1.8
2.791584
1.003
0.993
15.666
0.8616
15.2
-3.6
11.166336
0.994
1.014
15.833
0.8616
17.5
-5.9
29.992296
0.990
1.023
15.971
0.8616
22.3
-10.7
98.644584
0.982
1.041
16.258
5.1696
298.372
95.448
7) Basment Floor
X-direction
Qy5=
7.72 KN
Dx
Dx2
a x1
20.660
0.000
7.800
1256.954
1.236
0.764
1.908
20.660
4.900
2.900
173.751
1.088
0.912
1.679
20.660
7.800
0.000
0.000
1.000
1.000
1.544
20.660
10.700
-2.900
173.751
0.912
1.088
1.679
20.660
15.600
-7.800
1256.954
0.764
1.236
1.908
Axis
103.300
a x2
2861.410
8.718
shear
center
Actual
eccentricity
Li
Q6x
eui1
eui2
Total Eccentricity
eli1
eli2
11.15
11.6
-0.45
23.1
1.155
-1.155
0.705
-1.605
7.8
7.8
19.1
0.955
-0.955
0.955
-0.955
a y1
a y2
Y-direction
Qx5=
7.72 KN
Dy
Axis
Dyxb2
xb
Q6y
1.17
11.6
157.4352
1.018
0.960
1.309
1.17
4.8
6.8
54.1008
1.010
0.977
1.300
1.17
9.8
1.8
3.7908
1.003
0.994
1.290
1.17
15.2
-3.6
15.1632
0.995
1.012
1.303
1.17
17.5
-5.9
40.7277
0.991
1.020
1.313
1.17
22.3
-10.7
133.9533
0.984
1.037
1.334
7.02
405.171
7.849
1. 2D Frame Analysis
Gravity loads on the frame are transferred from slabs (own weight of slabs
plus additional loads from partition walls and finishing), walls reasonably
close to support beams, and own weight of the frame elements. The lateral
loading is a result of analysis of earth quake loading which is distributed
according to capacity of each frame. The loading of each frame is shown in
the following pages each of the frames are analyzed using SAP 2000
For sap analysis three combinations were applied.
Comb 1 : 1.3DL+1.6LL
Comb 2 : 0.75(1.3DL+1.6LL)+EQleft
Comb 2 : 0.75(1.3DL+1.6LL)+EQright
The output is shown only for severe maximum and sever minimum, which
were used as basis for design of the frame elements. Hence output shows
the envelope for desired action.
For sake of clarity and readability the loading and analysis results are
presented graphically.
7. Beam analysis and Design

7.1 Analysis
I. Load Transfer to Beams
Coefficient and other conventional load transfer method is used for two way
slabs.
a. Panel-1,2,& 3
Reaction R=58.531KN on cantilever beam on axis 1-1
Reaction from two way one long edge unsupported on cantilever

beams.
i.
Non-strong band portion
W1= (1-k1)wR=
ii.
Strong band portion

W2=(1+k2)*wR=
Reaction on beam 3-4 on axis A-A

R=k1w*(1-)*b-k2*w b =0.5*9.82*1.750.372*9.82*0.4=7.13KN/m
b. Panel -6 type-1
Bvx=0.336+ (0.39-0.36)*(1.02-1)/(1.1-1)=0.336
Bvy=0.33
Ly/Lx
1.0
1.021
1.1
Vx=0.336*11.923*4.8=19.23KN/m
Vy=0.336*11.923*4.8=18.23KN/m
c. Panel -7 type-2
Vx,c=0.336*(0.39-0.36)*(1.02-1)/(1.1-1)=0.336
Bvx
1.00
?
0.36
Vx,d=____
Vy,c=0.36
Vy,d=0.24
Vy,c=0.336*11.3276*4.9=18.65KN/m
Vx,d=____
Vy,c=0.36*11.3276*4.9=20KN/m
Ly/Lx
1.0
1.02
1.1
Bvx
0.36
?
0.39
Bvy,d=0.24*11.3276*4.9=20KN/m
d. Panel-8: Longer side unsupported two way slabs

-Reaction on beam AB on axis 3-3
i. Non-strong band portion
R=
ii. Strong band portion and reaction from stair
R=(10.34*2.7)/2=13.96
-Reaction on beam 3-3 on axis A-A
.
e. Panel-9 type -2 two way slab
Vx,c=0.47+(0.5-0.47)*(1.655-1.5)/
(1.75-1.5)=0.49
Vx,d=____
Vx,c=0.49*12.54*2.9=17.77KN/m
Vx,d=____
Vy,c=0.36*12.54*2.9=13.092KN/m
Vy,c=0.36
Vy,d=0.24
Bvy,d=0.24*12.54*2.9=13.092KN/
m
f. Panel -10 type 2 two way slab
Vx,c=0.47+(0.5-0.47)*(1.7241.5)/(1.75-1.5)
Ly/Lx
1.0
1.02
1.1
Bvx
0.36
?
0.39
=0.497
Vx,d=____
Vy,c=0.36
Vy,d=0.24
Vx,c=0.49*14.45*2.9=20.83KN/m
Vx,d=____
Vy,c=0.36*
14.45*2.9=15.09KN/m
vy,d=0.24*14.45*2.9=10.06K
N/m
g. Panel-5
R=0.4*9.518+10.92=14.727KN/m on beam A-B on axis 1-1
Load Transfer to Grade Beams
Slab on grade type of construction of ground floor slab is assumed and hence
loads on grade beam are from self and wall load.
a. Axis 1-1
1. Beam AB
Wall load
=(0.15*14+0.04*23)*3=9.06KN/m
2. Beam BC
Wall load =9.06KN/m
b. Axis 2-2
Wall load
=(0.15*14+0.04*23)*3=9.06KN/m
2. Beam2-3
1. Beam AB
Wall load
=(0.15*14+0.04*23)*3=9.06KN/m
Wall load
=(0.1*14+0.04*23)*3=6.96KN/m
3. Beam3-3
2. Beam BC
Wall load
=(0.15*14+0.04*23)*3=9.06KN/m
Wall load
=(0.1*14+0.04*23)*3=9.96KN/m
e. Axis B-B
c. Axis 3-3
1. Beam 1-2, 2-3, and 3-3

No load
Wall load
=(0.2*14+0.04*23)*3=11.19KN/m
f. Axis c-c
d. Axis A-A
1. Beam 1-2 and 2-3
1. Beam 1-2
Wall load
=(0.15*14+0.04*23)*3=9.06KN/m
Load transfer to beams of a typical floor

a. Axis 1-1
3. Beam B-C
1. Cantilever beam
Shear transfer from panel -9 =

8.73KN/m
Reaction from panel -1 and panel

-2
b. Axis 2-2
= 58.531KN/m
1. Cantilever beam
2. beam A-B
Reaction from panel -2and panel -3
Reaction from panel -5=

14.727KN/m
= 131.767KN/m

19.23KN/m
2. beam A-B
19.23KN/m

20KN/m
Total shear transfer
=39.23KN/m
Wall load =
(0.1*14+0.04*23)*3=6.96KN/m
3. Beam B-C
19.23KN/m
20KN/m
=
(0.2*14+0.04*23)*3=11.16KN/
m
Total =58.676KN/m
2. Beam A-B
-Non strong band portion
Shear from panel -7 =
13.32KN/m
Wall load =11.16KN/m
Reaction from panel -8 =
6.63KN/m
Total shear transfer

=28.182KN/m
c. Axis 3-3
1. Cantilever beam
Total =17.79KN/m
-strong band portion
Wall load = 11.16KN/m
Non strong band portion
Reaction from panel -8=

13.96KN/m

40.236KN/m
Total =25.12KN/m
Reaction from panel -4 = 6.63KN/m

Wall load =
(0.2*14+0.04*23)*3=11.16KN/m
Total =58.026KN/m
strong band portion
40.236KN/m
Reaction from panel -4 = 7.28KN/m
Wall load
Shear from panel -7 =

13.32KN/m
-Stair hole portion
Shear transfer from panel
-7=13.32KN/m
3. Beam B-C
Wall load 11.16KN/m
Shear transfer from panel -10=
10.06KN/m
d. Axis A-A
1. Cantilever beam
Wall load =
(10.2*14+0.04*23)*3=11.16KN/m
2. Beam 1-2
18.89KN/m
3. Beam 2-3
18.65KN/m
4. Beam 3-3
7.13KN/m
3.29KN/m
Total =10.42KN/m
Total =36.66KN/m
Wall
load=(0.1*14+0.04*23)*3=6.96KN/
m
3. Beam 2-3
18.65KN/m
20.83KN/m
Total =39.48KN/m
f. Axis C-C
1. Cantilever beam
2. Beam 1-2
e. Axis B-B
Shear transfer from two panel -9

slabs = 2*20.83=41.66KN/m
1. Cantilever beam
3. Beam 2-3
2. Beam 1-2
Shear transfer from two panel -10

slabs = 2*17.77=35.54KN/m

18.89KN/m

17.77KN/m
c. Load Transfer to Top-tier Beams
To be constructive and minimize confusion we analyzed the maximum case
of the wind loading and taken the reaction for analysis
A uniformly distributed load on top-tie beam on axis 1-1, 2-2, and 3-3 are
1.4KN, 11.18KN, and 0.02KN per 1.5m (truss spacing) respectively.
A uniformly distributed load on top-tie beams on A-A, B-B, and C-C are
11.31,1.72, and 2.39KN per 1.5m (truss spacing) respectively.
23.9
23.9
23.9
==>
(
+
1
)
*
1
.
4
=
0
.
992
....
==>
(
+
1
)
*
1
.
4
=
0
.
992
.....
==>
(
+ 1) * 1.4 = 0.992
1.5
1.5
1.5
23.9
23.9
23.9
==> ( 20.7 + 1) *11.31 = 8.086.... ==> ( 23.9 + 1) * 1.4 = 0.992.... ==> ( 23.9 + 1) * 1.4 = 0.992
1.5
1.5
1.5
20.7
23.9
23.9
Load transfer on 5th floor Beams

Type two way slabs Ly/Lx=4.9/2.7=1.815
Vx,d=0.48+(0.5-0.48)*(1.815-1.75)/(21.75)=0.4852
Vy,d=33
i. Shear transfer to beam AB on axis 3-3
= vx=0.4852*17.375=8.43KN/m
ii. Shear transfer to beam 3-3 on axis A
= vy=0.33*17.375=5.734KN/m
Ly/Lx
1.75
1.815
2
Bvx,d
0.48
?
0.5
Axis A-A Loading
AxisC-C Loading
Axis2-2 Loading
Axis3-3 Loading
AxisA-A Bending Moment
AxisC-C Shear Force and Bending Moment

A) Design for flexure
On Axis 2-2 (for grade beam)
b = 400mm, D = 400mm, cc=25mm, main=20mm, stirrup
=8mm ,d= 357mm
Check depth:
Mu
=
sd * f cd * bw
36.25 *10 6
0.295 * 11.33 * 400 Use d = 357mm
d 164.66mm
Beam span AB Msd= 21.86KNm
sd =
M sd
bd 2 f cd
21.86 *10 6
=
= 0.038 < 0.295.....ok! From GDC for sd = 0.038,
400 * 357 2 *11.33
{ Kz = 0.96
Reinforcements
As =
M sd
21.86 * 10 6
=
= 244.5mm 2
k z df yd
0.96 * 357 * 260.87
As Amin useAmin = 285.6mm 2
# 16 = 1.42
Provide 2 16 bars
Beam span BC, Msd= 0.14 KNm
sd =
M sd
bd 2 f cd
{ Kz =1
0.14 *10 6
= 0.0002 < 0.295.....ok! From GDC for sd = 0.0002
400 * 357 2 *11.33
Reinforcement As =
M sd
0.14 * 10 6
=
= 1.5mm 2
k z df yd 1 * 357 * 260.87
# 16 = 1.42 ; provide 2 16 bars

For support AMsd =0 KN-m
No Negative reinforcement is required simply provideminimum

reinforcement i.e. As=285.6mm2
# 16 = 1.42 ; Provide 2 16 bars
For support B Msd=36.25
sd =
M sd
bd 2 f cd
36.25 *10 6
= 0.063 < 0.295.....ok! From GDC for sd = 0.063,
400 * 357 2 *11.33
{ Kz = 0.92
Reinforcement As =
M sd
36.25 * 10 6
=
= 423.08mm 2
k z df yd
0.92 * 357 * 260.87
# 20 = 1.35 ; Provide 2 20bars

For support C,Msd=8.55
sd =
M sd
bd 2 f cd
8.55 *10 6
= 0.015 < 0.295.....ok!
400 * 357 2 *11.33
From GDC for sd = 0.015, { Kz = 0.99

Reinforcement As =
M sd
8.55 * 10 6
=
= 92.73mm 2
k z df yd
0.99 * 357 * 260.87
# 16 = 1.42 Provide 2 16 bars

B) Shear design
Shear force Max is at a distance of effective depth d from face of

each support
By similarity of triangles: design shear

Vsd 1 =
21.94(1.82 0.357 )
= 17.64 KN
1.82
Vsd 2 =
36.25( 3.08 0.357 )

= 32.05KN
3.08
Vsd 3 =
20.45(1.68 0.357 )
= 16.10 KN
1.68
Resistance shear
Vrd = 0.25 f ctd bd = 0.25 * 11.33 * 400 * 357
Vrd = 404.48KN >> Vsd max = 32.05 KN Ok!
Shear Capacity
v c = 0.25 f ctd k1 k 2 bd
k 2 = 1.6 d = 1.243 1.....ok!
For beam section(1)

k1 = 1 + 50
285.6
= 1.1 2.....ok!
400 * 357
v c = 0.25 * 1.03 * 1.1 * 1.243 * 400 * 357 = 50.28
Vsd=17.64 Vc>VsdThen provide minimum Design shear
S max
2 * 82 *
* 300
avfyk
4
=
= 188.5mm
0.4b
0.4 * 400
0.5d = 0.5 * 357 = 178.5mm
300mm
Provide 8 c/c 175mm

For beam section(2)
v c = 0.25 * 1.03 * 1.63 * 1.243 * 400 * 357 = 74.50
k1 = 1 + 50
423.08
= 1.15 2.....ok!
400 * 357
v c = 0.25 *1.03 * 1.15 * 1.243 * 400 * 357 = 52.56
Vsd=32.05 Vc>Vsd;Then provide minimum Design shear
S max
2 * 82 *
* 300
avfyk
4
=
= 188.5mm
0.4b
0.4 * 400
0.5d = 0.5 * 357 = 178.5mm
300mm
Provide 8 c/c 175mm
For beam sections (3)

k1 = 1 + 50
423.08
= 1.15 2.....ok!
400 * 357
v c = 0.25 * 1.03 * 1.15 * 1.243 * 400 * 357 = 52.56
S max
2 * 82 *
* 300
avfyk
4
=
= 188.5mm
0.4b
0.4 * 400
0.5d = 0.5 * 357 = 178.5mm
300mm
Provide 8 c/c 175mm

For beam sections (4,5)
k1 = 1 + 50
285.6
= 1.1 2.....ok!
400 * 357
v c = 0.25 * 1.03 * 1.1 * 1.243 * 400 * 357 = 50.28
S max
2 * 82 *
* 300
avfyk
4
=
= 188.5mm
0.4b
0.4 * 400
0.5d = 0.5 * 357 = 178.5mm
300mm
Provide 8 c/c 175mm

On Axis 2-2 (for 1st -4th beam)
b = 400mm,
357mm
D = 400mm,
cc=25mm, main=20mm, stirrup =8mm ,d=
Check depth:
d
Mu
=
sd * f cd * bw
316.57 * 10 6
0.295 * 11.33 * 400
d < 486.61mm NotOK !
Use D=550, d = 507mm

sd =
M sd
bd 2 f cd
36.87 *10 6
= 0.032 < 0.295.....ok!
400 * 507 2 *11.33
From GDC for sd = 0.038, { Kz = 0.96

Reinforcements
As =
M sd
36.87 * 10 6
=
= 290.38mm 2
k z df yd
0.96 * 507 * 260.87
# 16 = 1.44 ; provide 2 16 bars

Beam span BC, Msd= 2.87 KNm
sd =
M sd
bd 2 f cd
2.87 *10 6
= 0.023 < 0.295.....ok!
400 * 507 2 *11.33
From GDC for sd = 0.023 { Kz = 981

Reinforcement
As =
M sd
2.87 * 10 6
=
= 22.14mm 2 As Amin useAmin = 285.6mm 2
k z df yd 1 * 507 * 260.87
# 16 = 1.42 ; provide 2 16 bars

For support AMsd =316.57 KN-m
sd =
M sd
bd 2 f cd
316.57 *10 6
= 0.272 < 0.295.....ok!
400 * 507 2 *11.33
From GDC for sd = 0.272, { Kz = 0.81

Reinforcement As =
M sd
316.57 * 10 6
=
= 2955.64mm 2
k z df yd
0.81 * 507 * 260.87
# 22 = 7.8 ; Provide 8 22 bars

For support BMsd=74.13
sd =
M sd
bd 2 f cd
74.13 *10 6
= 0.063 < 0.295.....ok!
400 * 507 2 *11.33
From GDC for sd = 0.063, { Kz = 0.92
Reinforcement As =
M sd
74,13 * 10 6
=
= 609.22mm 2
k z df yd
0.92 * 507 * 260.87
# 20 = 1.94 ; Provide 2 20bars

sd =
M sd
bd 2 f cd
27.64 *10 6
= 0.024 < 0.295.....ok!
400 * 507 2 *11.33
From GDC for sd = 0.024, { Kz = 0.98

Reinforcement As =
M sd
27.64 * 10 6
=
= 213.25mm 2
k z df yd
0.98 * 507 * 260.87
# 16 = 1.42 ; provide 2 16 bars

B) Shear design
Shear force Max; is at a distance of effective depth d from face of

each support

Vsd1 =
123.76( 2.86 0.507 )

= 101.82 KN
2.86
Vsd 2 =
88.33( 2.04 0.507 )

= 66.38 KN
2.04
Vsd 3 =
40.17(1.53 0.507 )
= 26.86 KN
1.53
Vsd 4 =
36.21(1.37 0.507 )
= 22.81KN
1.37
Vsd 5 =
294.48( 2.15 0.507 )

= 225.04 KN
2.15
Resistance shear
Vrd = 0.25 f ctd bd = 0.25 * 11.33 * 400 * 507
Vrd = 574.43KN >> Vsd max = 225.04 KN Ok!
Shear Capacity
v c = 0.25 f ctd k1 k 2 bd ; k 2 = 1.6 d = 1.09 1.....ok!
For beam sections(1)

k1 = 1 + 50
2955.64
= 1.73 2.....ok!
400 * 507
v c = 0.25 * 1.03 * 1.73 *1.09 * 400 * 507 = 98.47
S max
2 * 82 *
* 300
avfyk
4
=
= 188.5mm
0.4b
0.4 * 400
0.5d = 0.5 * 357 = 178.5mm
300mm
Provide 8 c/c 175mm

k1 = 1 + 50
609.22
= 1.15 2.....ok!
400 * 507
v c = 0.25 * 1.03 * 1.15 * 1.09 * 400 * 507 = 65.46
Vsd=66.38Vs=Vsd-Vc=66.38-65.46=0.92KN
S max
2 * 82 *
* 300
avfyk
4
=
= 188.5mm
0.4b
0.4 * 400
0.5d = 0.5 * 357 = 178.5mm
300mm
S=
av * d * fyd 100 * 507 * 260.87

=
= 14376.21mm
vs
0.92
S>Smax--------------------------Not OK!
Provide 8 c/c 175mm
k1 = 1 + 50
609.22
= 1.15 2.....ok!
400 * 507
v c = 0.25 * 1.03 * 1.15 * 1.09 * 400 * 507 = 65.46
S max
2 * 82 *
* 300
avfyk
4
=
= 188.5mm
0.4b
0.4 * 400
0.5d = 0.5 * 357 = 178.5mm
300mm
Provide 8 c/c 175mm

k1 = 1 + 50
285.6
= 1.07 2.....ok!
400 * 507
v c = 0.25 *1.03 * 1.07 * 1.09 * 400 * 507 = 60.93
S max
2 * 82 *
* 300
avfyk
4
=
= 188.5mm
0.4b
0.4 * 400
0.5d = 0.5 * 357 = 178.5mm
300mm
Provide 8 c/c 175mm

k1 = 1 + 50
2955.67
= 1.73 2.....ok!
400 * 507
vc = 0.25 *1.03 *1.73 * 1.09 * 400 * 507 = 98.4
Vsd=225.04; Vs=Vsd-Vc=225.04-98.4=126.64KN
S max
2 * 82 *
* 300
avfyk
4
=
= 188.5mm
0.4b
0.4 * 400
0.5d = 0.5 * 357 = 178.5mm
300mm
S=
av * d * fyd 100 * 507 * 260.87

=
= 104.44mm
vs
126.64
S<Smax-------------------------- OK!
Provide 8 c/c 100mm
On Axis 2-2 (for Top Tie beam)
b = 400mm, D = 400mm, cc=25mm, main=20mm, stirrup =8mm ,d=
357mm
check depth:
d
Mu
=
sd * f cd * bw
47.31 *10 6
0.295 * 11.33 * 400
d > 188.11mm OK !
Use d = 357mm
sd =
M sd
bd 2 f cd
22.86 *10 6
=
= 0.04 < 0.295.....ok! From GDC for sd = 0.04,
400 * 357 2 *11.33
{Kz = 0.95
Reinforcements
As =
M sd
22.86 * 10 6
=
= 258.38mm 2
k z df yd
0.95 * 357 * 260.87
# 16 = 1.42 Provide 2 16 bars

Beam span BC, Msd(+ve)= 0 KNm
No tensile reinforcement is required simply provideminimum

reinforcement i.e. As=285.6mm2
# 16 = 1.42 ; provide 2 16 bars
For support AMsd =31.34 KN-m
sd =
M sd
bd 2 f cd
31.34 *10 6
= 0.05 < 0.295.....ok!
400 * 357 2 *11.33
From GDC for sd = 0.05, { Kz = 0.96

Reinforcement As =
M sd
31.34 * 10 6
=
= 350.54mm 2
k z df yd
0.96 * 357 * 260.87
# 20 = 1.12 ; provide 2 20 bars

For support BMsd=47.31
sd =
M sd
bd 2 f cd
47.31*10 6
= 0.08 < 0.295.....ok! From GDC for sd = 0.08,
400 * 357 2 *11.33
{Kz = 0.95
Reinforcement As =
M sd
47.31 * 10 6
=
= 534.73mm 2
k z df yd
0.92 * 357 * 260.87
# 20 = 1.7 ; Provide 2 20bars

sd =
M sd
bd 2 f cd
18.94 *10 6
= 0.03 < 0.295.....ok!
400 * 357 2 *11.33
From GDC for sd = 0.03, { Kz = 0.97

Reinforcment As =
M sd
18.94 * 10 6
=
= 209.66mm 2
k z df yd
0.97 * 357 * 260.87
# 16 = 1.42 ; provide 2 16 bars

B) Shear design
Shear force Max is at a distance of effective depth d from face of

each support

Vsd 1 =
22.64(1.67 0.357 )
= 17.80 KN
1.67
Vsd 2 =
43.80( 3.23 0.357 )

= 38.96 KN
3.23
Vsd 3 =
20.83(1.54 0.357 )
= 16.00 KN
1.54
Vsd 4 =
18.57(1.36 0.357 )
= 13.64 KN
1.36
Vsd 5 =
29.15( 2.15 0.357 )

= 24.31KN
2.15
Resistance shear
Vrd = 0.25 f cd bd = 0.25 * 11.33 * 400 * 357
Vrd = 404.48 KN >> Vsd max = 225.04 KN Ok!
Shear Capacity
v c = 0.25 f ctd k1 k 2 bd
k 2 = 1.6 d = 1.243 1.....ok!
For beam sections(1)

k1 = 1 + 50
350.54
= 1.22 2.....ok!
400 * 357
v c = 0.25 * 1.03 * 1.22 * 1.243 * 400 * 357 = 55.76
S max
2 * 82 *
* 300
avfyk
4
=
= 188.5mm
0.4b
0.4 * 400
0.5d = 0.5 * 357 = 178.5mm
300mm
Provide 8 c/c 175mm

k1 = 1 + 50
534.73
= 1.18 2.....ok!
400 * 357
v c = 0.25 * 1.03 * 1.18 * 1.243 * 400 * 357 = 54.26
S max
2 * 82 *
* 300
avfyk
4
=
= 188.5mm
0.4b
0.4 * 400
0.5d = 0.5 * 357 = 178.5mm
300mm
Provide 8 c/c 175mm

k1 = 1 + 50
534.73
= 1.18 2.....ok!
400 * 357
v c = 0.25 * 1.03 * 1.18 * 1.243 * 400 * 357 = 54.26
Vsd=16 Vc>Vsd;Then provide minimum Design shear
S max
2 * 82 *
* 300
avfyk
4
=
= 188.5mm
0.4b
0.4 * 400
0.5d = 0.5 * 357 = 178.5mm
300mm
Provide 8 c/c 175mm

k1 = 1 + 50
285.6
= 1.07 2.....ok!
400 * 507
v c = 0.25 * 1.03 * 1.07 * 1.09 * 400 * 507 = 60.93
S max
2 * 82 *
* 300
avfyk
4
=
= 188.5mm
0.4b
0.4 * 400
0.5d = 0.5 * 357 = 178.5mm
300mm
Provide 8 c/c 175mm

k1 = 1 + 50
350.54
= 1.22 2.....ok!
400 * 357
v c = 0.25 * 1.03 * 1.22 * 1.243 * 400 * 357 = 51.32
S max
2 * 82 *
* 300
avfyk
4
=
= 188.5mm
0
.
4
b
0
.
4
*
400
0.5d = 0.5 * 357 = 178.5mm
300mm
Provide 8 c/c 175mm

ANCHERAGE LENGTHE
a) Basic anchorage length, lb
b =
f yd 22 * 260.87
=
= 696.50 ; fbd = 2 fctd = 2 * 1.03 = 2.06
4f bd
4 * 2.06
b) Minimum anchorage length,lb,min for tension
0.3b = 0.3 * 696.50 = 208.95mm
b, min 10 = 10 * 22 = 220mm
lb,min = 220
200mm
Minimum anchorage length ,lb,min for comprasion
0.6b
b, min 10
200mm
c) Required anchorage length,

b, net =
abAs, cal
, where a= 1.0 for straight bar anchorage
As, req
At support A of Typical floor beams

b, net =
As, cal = 2955.64mm 2

As, provided = 8 * 380.13 = 3041.06mm 2
abAs, cal 1 * 696.5 * 2955.64

=
= 676.94 mm > b, min = 220mm........ok!
As, req
3041.06
BAR CURTAILMENT
A) Except at support A in typical floor beams for all other parts 2bars are
provided; so no bar curtailment is needed
B) At support A
No of bar = 822 , lets curtail 50% of the bars, 422 , Kz = 0.78 , d =
506mm
f yd
1
1 * f
cd
Mrd = f cd bd 2
6
2 * 10
=313.75 KN m
Note:- with reference of this moment in the SAP of our Model ; X1=2.13
;X2=2.15
l1 = ( L x1 ) + b, net + al = 0.75d
l 2 = ( x 2 L ) + b, net + al
l1 = 1.08m
l1 = 1.06m
l1 = ( 2.15 - 2.13) + 0.67694 + 0.75 * 0.506 l1 = ( 2.15 - 2.15) + 0.70215 + 0.75 * 0.506
Total curtailment
l t = l1 + l 2 = 2.14m
Now other beam axiss are done in the same fashion and tabulated as in the
following
Table 1
5.5.
5.6.
Design for shear
Development length and bar cutoff
Development length and bar curtailment

The design bond strength for deformed bars
Fbd=2fctd=2*1.032=2.064Mpa
-
The basic anchorage length

Lb=/4*fyd/fbd=20/4*260.87/2.064=631.95
Required anchorage length Lbnet=aLb*As,cal/As,ef
0.3 * Lb 10 ....or
=
200mm
i.
For bars in tension Lb,min
ii.
For bars in tension Lb,min=
iii.
0.6 * Lb 10 ....or
200mm
0.3 * 631.95 = 189.6m....or
200mm
For bars in tension Lb,min
=200mm for bars in tension
And Lb,
min
0.3 * 631.95 = 179.17m....or
200mm
=379.17mm for bars in compression
8. Analysis and Design of Column

The internal forces and moments may generally be determined by elastic
global analysis using either:
a. First order theory, using the initial geometry of the structure, which
can be used for the global analysis in cases:
i. Non-sway frames
ii. Braced frames
iii. Design methods which make indirect allowances for
second order effects
b. Second order theory, taking in to account the influence of the
deformation of the structure, which can be used for global analysis
in all cases.
Here we adopted the amplified sway moment method in which substitute
beam-column frame is used for calculating effective length. This analysis
method cannot be used if Nsd/Ncr>0.25 and in this case P-delta analysis will
be conducted. Design of column involves grouping of columns with similar
loading conditions in each floor for ease and avoid confusion during
construction.
I. check for sway characteristics of Frames
A frames may be classified as on way for a given load case if Nd/Nc (critical
load ratio) satisfies:
Nsd/Ncr 0.1
Where Nsd design value of the total vertical load
Ncr Critical value for failure in sway mode
Determination of story Buckling Load, Ncr
The buckling load of a story may be assumed to we equal to that of the
substitute beam-column frame.
N = 2 EI e
L2e
Where EIe: effective stiffness of the substitute column designed as shown

below
Le: effective length
-
The effective stiffness of a column EIemay be taken as EIc =
M bal
>0.4
1 / bal
EcIc EC=1100 fcd

Where Mbal=balanced moment capacity of substitute column (1/rbal) =
curvatures at balanced load and may be taken as 1/rbal= (5/d)*10-3
Le may be determined using the stiffness properties of the gross concrete
section for both beams and columns of the substitute frame.
Assuming sway mode
Where xm=
1 +0.8 XM 1.15(conservatively)
x1 + x2
and
2
I /L +I /L
x1 = c1 c1 c 2 c 2 < 10
I
I b1 / Lb1 + 0.5I b 2
Lb 2
x2 =
Le
=
L
I c 3 / Lc 3 + I c1 / Lc1
< 10
I c4
I c 3 / Lc 3 + 0.5
Lc 4
C2
b1
b2
1
C1
b3
B4
2
C3
L= Story height
Equivalent rein for cement area, as total in the substitute column to be used
for calculating Mbal and d may be obtained by designing the substite column
at each floor level to carry story design axial load amplified at the critical
section.
Isub,col=Ksub,col*Lsab,Col
sf
12
ksab,col*Lsab,col
= s=
12 * K s , co 1* Ls , co1
As1
total
d= b-(25+28/2+8) =b-47
cross-section of substitute column
The first order design moment Mde at the critical section of the substitute
column determined from:
Mde =
2 +3
HL
1 + 2 + 6
Were H- the total horizontal reaction at the bottom of the story (story shear)
L- The story height
The sway moments found by a first order analysis shall be obtained by
multiplying them by a magnification factor.
s= 1/1-Nsd/Ncr
The amplified sway moment, to be used for the substitute Colum may be
found iteratively taking the 1st order moment Mdl, in the substitute column as
an initial value:
Using the uniaxial charts:
H-
M de
=
Ac f cd h
M de
fedb3
as can be seen from the above calculations
L=
N sd
N cr
Nsd
=
Ac + cd
N sd
} W=Lbal
f cd * b 2
value for some stories are greater than 0-25 which leads to then sway
magnification (1st and 2nd of axis 1-1) as shown above . Hence a2nd order (p-delta) analysis was preformed are the results are in
closed. Design is based on these non-linear p- analyses
Sway check to frame on axis on axis 1-1 is shown in the tabular form.
Axis1-1 Bending Moment
Axis1-1 Shear Force
Axis2-2 Shear Force
Axis3-3 Shear Force
AxisA-A Axial Force
AxisA-A Bending Moment
Axis A-A Shear Force
AxisC-C Shear Force and Bending Moment
AxisC-C Axial Force
ANCHORAGE LENGTH
fcd=13.60
fbd=2fctd=2*1.165=2.33
for C30-fcd=1
lb =
260.87
= 27.99
2.33
For 20==>lb=27.99*20=559.8mm use lb=560mm

For 24==>lb=27.99*24=671.76 mm use lb=670mm
lbnet=a* lb*As cal/ As prov where a=1
For 20, lb net= 1*560*960/1257.14=427.64 mm use lb net=430mm

For 24, lb net= 1*670*5067.35/5430.86=625.15 mm use lb net=630mm
LAP AND JOINT
The length of lap, l0=>a, lb net or l0> lb min.
Where l0min=lbnet*0.3*a*a1>= (15* or 200mm)
Assume that 20% over lap ==> a1=1.2
For 20
l0min=560*0.3*1*1.2>=(15*20=300 or 200mm)
==>201.60>=300
l0min=300 mm
For 24
l0 min=670*0.3*1*1.2>=(15*24=360 or 200mm)
==>241.20>=360
l0 min=360 mm
The length of lap l0>= a1*lb net or l0 >=l0 min
For 20
l0 >= a1*lb net or l0 >= l0 min
l0 >= 1.2*427.64 or l0 >= 300
l0 >= 513.17mm or l0 >= 300 mm
l0 >= 513.17mm
use 520 mm
For 20
l0 >= a1*lb net or l0 >= l0 min
l0 >= 1.2*625.15 or l0 >= 300
l0 >= 750.18mm or l0 >= 300 mm
l0 >= 750.18mm use 780 mm
DESIGN OF TIE BAR (SHEAR REINFORCMENT)

20 >= 6 mm
20 /4= 24/4=6 mm
thus use 8 tie bar
Spacing for tie bar

c/c spacing <= 12 mm longitudinal = 12*24=288 mm
less dimension of column = 300 mm
use 8 c/c285 mm
9. FOOTING DESIGN
Selection of type of footing depends majorly on bearing capacity of
supporting soil & cost. Starting by trying isolated footing (as always the case)
we can see that the load coming from the building can efficiently be
transmitted to the supporting soil. This is resulted from moderate load and
good bearing capacity of the soil. Hence isolating footing is designed.
Since we are using ultimate limit state design method, the allowable soil
stress is multiplied by a factor of 1.4(which is normally employed) and
factored loads are taken for analysis and design.
As in the case of column, design of footing started by grouping similar
loading condition. One sample footing design is done following formal
procedure. For the rest we developed excel templates which will give us
optimum dimensions and put orderly relevant results as shown below.
I.
Maximum loading condition

Pmax =1037.534 KN
M
=5.88 KNm
=7.20 KN
Assumed weight of soil and footing pad =250KN

Mt=M+S*depth of footing =5.88+7.20*2.5=23.88 KNm
P=Pt=1037.534 KN+250 KN =1287.534 KN
Since moment is small, assume a/b=1
By trial and error a=2.5m

Dimensions of the foundation would then be a=2.5m and b=2.5m.
With the above dimension one should check the actual contact pressure
using fouxural formula.
II.
Minimum loading condition

Pmax=267.64 KN
P0=250 KN
S=7.20 KN
P=517.64 KN
Mt=23.88 KNm
e=a/b=2.5/6=0.417m
since ea < e, one many still use flexure formula for determining the maximum
contact pressure.
=85.68KN/m2 <250MPaok!
III.
structural design
For the structural design, a simplifying assumption is made in which the
contact pressure distribution is assumed uniform and its magnitude is
taken as the average the maximum and minimum value. Hence
AV=1/2[206.05+206.95]= 206.01 KN/m2
Here the allowable stress of the soil shall

1.4*250=350Kg. The value should be calculated ;
be
increased
to
by trial & error, a=2
max=339.75 KN/m2
min=304.02 KN/m2
av=321.89 KN/m2
a) punching shear
The critical section is located at a distance of 1.5d from the face of the
column
rd 1 = 0.25 f ctd * k1 * k 2 * u * d ........................eq.4.47
Where k1= (1+50r) <= 2, k1=1.09

And K2=1.6-d >=1=>k2 =?
U=4*3d+2*(a+b)=12d+2a+2b
Taking =min=0.5/fyk=0.00167, d=0.6=> k2=1(for moment >50% bottom
rebar curtailed)
VRD1=0.25*1.032*1.09*1*8.6*0.6=1.451MN=1451.09KN
The reaction within the punching area P0=av*[a+3d]*[b+3d]=1487.13KN
This force should be subtracted from the column load P net= Pmin-P0=1287.5341487.13=199.6KN
Since Pnet is much less than VRD1 ,one may reduce the depth; take d=0.5m
U=4*3d+2*(a+b)=7.4m ,k1=1.09, k2=1.6-0.5=1.1, take

fctd=1.032
RD1=0.25*1.032*1.09*1.1*7.4*0.5=1452.35KN
The
reaction
within
the
punching
area
P0=av*[a+3d]*[b+3d]=1487.13KN=321.89*[0.4+3*0.5]*[0.3+3*0.5]=1100
.84
Pnet= Pmin-P0=186.67KN, Pnet< VRD1. Hence take d=0.5m
b) wide beam shear
The critical section is d from the face of the column
I)
Long direction wide beam shear u=2.0m

RD1=0.25*1.032*1.09*1.1*2*0.5=309.342KN
SD < RD1..OK!
a) Bending moment
Critical at the face of column
d) Reinforcement
As=bd
As min=minbd=0.00167*2*0.5=1.667 mm2
i. x-x long direction
since As < As min , As = As min

use 6 20 bars c/c 350 mm
ii. short direction
As = 920.853mm2
Use 6 20 bars c/c 340 mm
**********************************************
Footing on Axis2-2:
Soil property
Allowable bearing pressure of soil
all = 400 KPa
Unit wt. of selected back fill material
soil =18 KN/m3
1) Design Moment And Loads

Pmax =1794.75 KN
M
=37.7 KNm
=29.1KN
2) Determination of Dimension of Footing

Foundation column depth, fd = 2.50 m
Column cross section = 0.4mx0.3m
Footing pad dimension 2.50x2.50m
Depth of footing, D=0.60m
3) Dead Loads
Area footing pad, Af=2.5m x 2.5m=6.25m2

Own weight of footing, wf=AfDfc=6.25m2*0.60m*25=93.75KN
Soil
weight,
ws=Af*[(fd
0.60)*18=201.438KN
D)-Ac]*s=(6.25m2-0.6m*0.6m)*(2.50-
Total factored dead load on footing, PT =Ps+1.3Wc +1.3Ws

Pt =1794.75KN+1.3*(93.75KN+201.438KN)=2178.49KN
Mt=37.7KNm+29.1KN*2.5m=104.45KNm
Total unfactored dead load=1794.75/1.4+93.75+201.438=1577.15KN
4) Maximum Stress, max from Unfactored Load
Ecentrercity, e
ex =My/Pt=104.45/2178.49=0.048
Maximum stress from load
max =
6 * eX 6 * ey
P
1+
+
A
Lx
Ly
1577.15
6 * 0.048
=
1
0 = 281.41KN / m 3
6
.
25
2
.
5
max=281.41KN/m3< all =286 KN/m3..OK !

5) Check for separation
L
L
If x > e x and y > e y , no separation occurs
6
6
Lx 2.50
=
= 0.42 > ex = 0.048
6
6
OK!
6) Maximum Stress From Factored Load

max =
P 6 * e X 6 * e y
1+
+
A
Lx
Ly
max =
2178.49
6 * 0.048
* 1 +
+ 0 = 388.71KPa
6.25
2
.
50
x=2.5/2=1.
25
3
2.7
2.
5
1
2.5
2.5
y=2.5/2=1.
25
Assume that all =400 KPa

Moment of inertia of footing pad
max =
P Mxy M yx
A
Ix
Iy
max =
2178.49 KN 104.45 * 1.25
0
6.25m 2
3.23
max = 348.56 40.42
1=388.67KPa
2=308.45KPa
3=388.67KPa
4=308.45KPa
avg=348.56KPa
max=388.45KPa < all=392KPaOK!
Check Depth for Punching Shear
Assuming that bar diameter =20mm
Area of as=314.16mm2
Effective depth determination
d x = D Cc
20
= 600 50
= 540mm
2
2
d y = D Cc
3
3 * 20
= 600 50
= 520mm
2
2
Average effective depth

d =
dx + d y
2
540 + 520
= 530mm
2
x=2.5/2=1.
25
3
1.5d
0.
4
0. 1.5d
y=2.5/2=1.
2214m
3
1
m
2 25
2.
Note: the critical section5of punching shear is according to ultimate limit
2.
5
state design 1.5d from face of column.

Perimeter of the punching area, u
u=12d+2(0.6+0.6)=8.76m
Punching shear resistance,rd...EBCS-2,1995 sec.47.6
rd = 0.25 f ctd * k1 * k 2 * u * d ........................eq.4.47
Where k1=(1+50r) <= 2 r= rmin=0.00167

k1=(1+50*0.00167) <= 2
k1=1.08
and k2=1.6-d >=1
k2=1.6-0.530 >=1
k2 =1.07 >=1
k2=1.07
rd = 0.25 f ctd * k1 * k 2 * u * d ........................eq.4.47
Vrd=0.25*1.1648*1.08*1.07*8.76*0.53=1562.352KN
Acting punching shear, p.
p = max ( A f Ap )
Ap=(a+3d)(b+3d)=(0.6+3*0.53)*(0.6+3*0.53)=4.8m 2
vp=388.67*(2.5*2.5-4.8)=563.572KN
rd
Note: punching shear resistance, , mustbe greater than acting

p
punching shear, ,
vrd=1562.352KN >
vp
=563.572KN
If not the depth d consider d is not safe we must increase the depth of
the pad.
Check Depth for Wide Beam Shear
x=2.7/2=1.
35
3
b
d
4
2.70
m
1
a=0.
4
b=0.4
bw
y=2.7/2=1.
35
2.70m
Note: the critical section of the wide beam shear is d distance from
face of column.
The shear resistance,w , according to EBCS-2,1995.
vw=0.25fctdk1k2ld
l=lx=ly=2.50m
vw=0.25*1.648*1.08*1.07*2.5*530=630.842KN
Acting wide beam shear, a:
va=avgbwl
l=max{ly,lx}=max{2.5,2.5}=2.5m
Where bw=distance from critical section to end of pad:

bw=(lb-a)/2-d=(2.5-0.6)/2-0.53=0.42m
va=348.56*0.42*2.5=366KN
w
=630.842KN > =366KN ==>the depth considered is safe for

design.
Reinforcement Calculation
i) in the x direction
Minimum reinforcement:
As min =
0 .5 * b * d
= bd
f yk
where b=Ly=2.50=2500mm
As min=0.00167*1000*530mm=885.1mm
Design moment, Msd, at face of column

2
M sd
L a
2.5 0.6
avg x
2
2 = 348.56 *
= 157.29 KN m
=
2
2
sd =
M sd
157.29 * 10 6
=
= 0.0476
f cd * b * d 2 11.33 * 1000 * 540 2
from EBCS-2 design aid tab kz.
K z = sd 1
(1 2 * sd ) ) 0.01
K z = 0.0476 * 1 1 2 * 0.0476 0.01 = 0.96
Z=kz*d=0.96*540=414.59
M sd
157.29 * 10 6
=
= 1454.314mm 2
z * f yd
414.59 * 260.87
Ascalc =
s,calc
s,min
=1454.314mm > A
s provided
=1454.314mm
=885.1mm
20
Spacing using :
bas 1000 * 314
A = 1454.314 = 215.91mm
s
S
2h = 2 * 600 =1200mm
= 215.91mm
350
Use 10 20 c/c 210mm per meter width

ii) In the y-direction
Minimum reinforcement:
As min =
0 .5 * b * d
= bd
f yk
where b=Ly=2.50=2500mm
As min=0.00167*1000*530mm=885.1mm
Design moment, Msd, at face of column

2
M sd
L a
2.5 0.6
avg x
2
2
= 157.29 KN m
=
= 348.56 *
2
2
sd =
M sd
157.29 * 10 6
=
= 0.0513
f cd * b * d1 11.33 * 1000 * 520 2
K z = sd 1
(1 2 * sd ) ) 0.01
K z = 0.0513 * 1 1 2 * 0.0513 0.01 = 0.73
Z=kz*d=0.73*520=379.45
M sd
157.29 * 10 6
=
= 1589mm 2
z * f yd
379.45 * 260.87
Ascalc =
s,calc
s,min
=1589mm > A
s provided
=1589mm
Spacing using
=885.1mm
20
bas 1000 * 314

= 197.608mm
A = 1589
s
S
2h = 2 * 600 = 1200mm
=197.608
350
Use 10 20 c/c 190mm per meter width
PART III: Comparison and Recommendation

Comparison criteria and results obtained are based majorly on the
theoretical literatures obtained from any related reinforced concrete
structures references and the analysis made below.
1. Cost Analysis
Analysis of cost is limited to estimation of costs of solid and ribbed slabs
only. This is because first, significant area of difference is believed to be
seen there and secondly, to limit the scope of the project due to time and
other constraints. Thus cost of other structural and non structural elements
not included which may have significant effect on the variation of costs in
addition other factors like ease of work, level of workmanship, area of
formwork, time needed for construction,etc are
2. Comparison
Note that the grades given here under are relative.
Criteria
Remark
Solid
Ribbed
1. Load Bearing
high
lower
2. Span
short*
long
3. Story Height
4. Cost
4.1. Volume of
Concrete
4.2. Mass of Steel
4.3.
Area
of
Formwork
5. Ease of Work
6. Appearance
7. Sound Insulation
8.
Recommended
building types
long
short
costly
costly
costly
cheaper
cheaper
cheaper
difficult
poor
poor
simplified
good
good*
Flat slabs
drop
with
The shorter the

height economical
it will be
For same size and
particular purpose
buildings
3. Conclusion
In this study other factors which affect the cost of the total construction,
such as the cost of the frame (beams and columns), cost of foundation and
the effect of time are not considered in evaluation of saving of this type of
construction.
Based on this analytical result, one can conclude that, the use of ribbed slab
system is shown to be more economical when used for small span buildings,
but can be used up to 8.5m span without excessive deflection and failure,
the saving of this system is about 17% over solid slab, however this saving
decrease as the span increases to 8.5m which is the maximum span used in
this study.
4. Recommendations
This study is made only on the theoretical or analytical bases, further studies
should be done in the laboratory, and also a comprehensive study of cost
saving in buildings by considering all factors, such as cost of precast ribbed
slabs, flat slabs, frames (beams and columns), foundations and the effect of
time saving on the construction of such type of slab shall be done.
Ribbed slabs are economical for buildings where there are longer
spans and light and moderate live loads such as in hospitals and
apartments buildings.
Advantage of ribbed construction systems is either effectiveness in

spanning longer openings and in reducing the dead loads by
essentially eliminating concrete intension in space between the ribs
below the neutral axis. Near the supports the full depth is to achieve
greater strength.
Concrete is more logically used in flat slab type of construction, and

hence in the case of large spans and heavy load, the total cost is
considerably less. Because of exclusion of beam system in this type
that slab of construction, a plain ceiling is obtained, thus giving
attractive appearance from architectural point of view. The plain
ceiling diffuses the light better and is considered less vulnerable flat
slab is easier to construct and requires cheaper form work.
PART -2: RIBBED SLAB STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

1. Ribbed Slab Analysis and Design
DESIGN OF RIBBED SLAB
We can safely assume one way ribbed slab because the maximum short
direction span is less than 6m.
Depth and Width of Joists and Toppings
Depth of Toppings: According to EBCS-2, 1995 Sec.7.2.3.1 (2)
40mm
Dt 1
10 clear..distnce..b / n..Ribs
40mm
Dt 1
10 ( 550 150) = 40mm
Dt 40mm ...Use..Dt = 60mm
Depth and Width of Joists (rib): According to EBCS-2, Sec. 7.2.3.1(1)

Width of ribs shall not be less than 70mm
Assume Rib width = 80mm > 70mm. Ok!
Depth of ribs excluding any topping not more than 4 times of minimum
width of the ribs
f yk l x
d 0.4 + 0.6
400 a
300 4900
d 0.4 + 0.6
= 173.54mm
400 24
D = d + cc + /2
D = 175 + 15 + 7 = 197mm (assuming 14 main reinforcement bar and
15mm clear cover)
take D= 210mm < 4wt = 4 X 80mm = 320mm Ok!
Let us take standard rib thickness = 300mm
Depth rib only , D = 210mm
Depth with topping, Dj = 270mm
Effective depth, d = 270 - 15 7 = 248mm
Transverse rib shall be provided if the span of the ribbed slab exceeds
6.0m. EBCS-2, Sec. 7.2.3.3(1)
Center to center spacing = 4.90 < 6.0m
Therefore, Transverse strips is not necessary
The ribs are placed at a clear spacing of 320mm and center to center
spacing of 400mm.
Design load on joists
Permanent Loads
Dead weight on RIBBED Slab
Fig 1. Ribbed slab section

-
20mm thick terrazzo tile floor finishing = 0.02x0.4x23KN/m 3

30mm thick cement screed = 0.03*0.4*23 KN/m3
60mm thick R.C topping slab = 0.06*0.4*25
210mm thick R.C web (Rib) ..= 0.21*0.08x25
Ribbed block .. = 0.21*0.3*14+0.03*0.4*14
15mm plastering . = 0.015*0.4*23
Total dead load On ribbed Slab

Dead weight on Cantilever Solid Slab
=
=
=
=
=
=
0.184K/m
0.276KN/m
0.6KN/m
0.420KN/m
1.05KN/m
0.138kN/m
= 2.668KN/m
Depth determination, use clears cover 20mm thick and rebar 10

Slab depth determination
The minimum slab depth determined from minimum depth require for
deflection according to EBCS 2 this depth has to be checked for flexural
requirement after the computation of bending moment:
d (0.4 + 0.6
Where
f yk
400
le
a
fyk = the characteristics strength of the rebar

le = effective span
a = constant from table
Depth for One Way Solid Slab
In our case we take the slab as a one way by considering the slab laid on
cantilever beam. According to this depth determined:
For cantilever part, le = 400mm and a = 10
300 400
d 0.4 + 0.6 *
= 34mm
*
400 10
For slab L = 4800mm, a = 28

300 4800
d 0.4 + 0.6 *
= 145.71mm
*
400 28

300 5000
d 0.4 + 0.6 *
= 151.79mm
*
400 28

300 2700
d 0.4 + 0.6 *
= 81.96mm
*
400 28
The governing depth d = 151.79mm

Total depth, D = 151.79mm +15+7=172.79mm, take D = 180mm
Effective depth, d = 180 5 20 =155mm
-
20mm thick terrazzo tile floor finishing = 0.02 x 23KN/m3

=
0.46
2
KN/m
- 30mm thick cement screed = 0.03 x 23 KN/m3
= 0.69 KN/m2
- 180mm thick R.C slab) ..= 0.18 x 25
= 4.5KN/m2
- 15mm plastering . = 0.015 x 23
= 0.345 KN/m2
Total dead load On Cantilever solid Slab
= 5.995KN/m2
Partition Load
Length of partition wall on ribbed slab= 116.4m, thickness of partition wall =
0.1m
Weight of partition wall (KN) = 116.4*0.1*2.85*14 = 464.436KN
Weight of partition wall (KN) on area of RIBED slab = 464.436/ (23.10*15.60)
= 1.01KN/m2
Partition Load For a 0.4 length on the ribbed = 1.01*0.4 = 0.404KN/m
Length of wall on cantilever slab= 36m, thickness of partition wall = 0.2m

Weight of partition wall (KN) = 36*0.2*2.85*14 = 287.28KN
Weight of partition wall (KN) on area of slab = 287.28/ (23.10*2.15)
=5.78KN/m2
Partition Load For cantilever slab = 5.784KN/m2
Total Dead Load on ribbed slab
Partition load on slab .... 0.404KN/m
Slab dead load .. 2.668KN/m
Total dead load . 3.072KN/m
Total Dead Load on Cantilever solid with 1m strip slab
Partition load on slab .... 5.784KN/m2
Slab dead load .. 5.995KN/m2
Total dead load .. 11.779KN/m2
LIVE LOAD
Since, residential building category A, according to EBCS 1 Table 2.10
Place of load
For general
for stair
for balconies
Live Load
(KN/m2)
2
3
4
For Ribbed Slab

width(m
Live Load
)
(KN/m)
0.4
0.8
0.4
1.2
0.4
1.6
DESIGN LOAD,Pd
For Ribbed slab
Pd = (1.3 x 3.072) + (1.6 x 0.8) = 5.274KN/m
For one way solid slab
For cantilever solid

slab 1mstrip
Live Load
width(m)
(KN/m)
1
2
1
3
1
4
Pd = (1.3 X 11.779) + (1.6 X 2.3) = 18.99KN/m. Distributed on slab

MOMENTS FROM SAP ANALYSIS
5.1
Design of Joists(Rib):
From SAP software analysis we get Moment diagram and Shear force
diagram.
Loading Diagram
Bending Moment Diagram
Shear Force Diagram

Fig 2. Loading, Bending Moment diagram and Shear force diagram.
Use = 12mm, clear cover=15mm,
d = 270 15 6 = 249mm
Check depth:
d
Mu
=
sd * f cd * bw
11.91 *10 6
= 211.05mm < 249mm Ok!
0.295 * 11.33 * 80
Use d = 249mm
Reinforcement for Joists:

Top reinforcment at the support ( -ve M): ,Msd= 11.91KNm
sd =
M sd
bd 2 f cd
11.91*10 6
= 0.212 < 0.295.....ok!
80 * 249 2 *11.33
From GDC for sd = 0.212, { Kz = 0.87

As =
M sd
11.91 * 10 6
=
= 210.75mm 2
k z df yd
0.87 * 249 * 260.87
N oBar =
As 210.75
=
= 1.87 = 2
as
113.1
Provide 2 12mm bars
Fig 3 Rib Section

Bottom reinforcement at the span ( +ve M): ,Msd= 10.43KNm
Assume N.A lies in the flange;
Le = 0.7L = 0.7*4900 = 3430mm
Le 3430
bw = = = 686mm
beff 5 5
bactual = 400mm
beff = 400mm
sd =
M sd
10.43 * 106
=
= 0.0371 < 0.295.....ok!
beff d 2 f cd
400 * 249 2 * 11.33
Kz = 0.97
From GDC for sd = 0.0371,
Kx = 0.09
Checking the Assumption; on Flange: (checking the location of the N.A.)
X =Kxd = 0.09*249 = X =22.41mm < Dt= 60mm..Ok!

As =
M sd
10.43 * 10 6
=
=165.53mm 2
k z df yd
0.97 * 249 * 260.87
Provide 2 12mm bars.
As 165.53
N oBar =
=
=1.46 = 2
as 113.10
Development length and ditailing

a) Basic anchorage length, lb For 12
b 12 =
f yd 12 * 260.87
=
= 379.91mm
4f bd
4 * 2.06
fbd = 2 fctd = 2 * 1.03 = 2.06 MPa
b) Minimum anchorage length ,lb,min for tension
0.3b = 0.3 * 379.91 = 113.97mm
b 12 , min = 10 = 10 *12 = 120mm

200mm
b, min = 200mm
c) Minimum anchorage length ,lb,min for comprasion
0.6b = 0.6 * 379.91 = 227.94mm
b 12 , min = 10 = 10 *12 = 120mm

200mm
b, min = 227.98mm
d) Required anchorage length, b, net

b, net =
abAs, cal
, where a= 1.0 for straight bar anchorage
As, req
At support B & C
b, net =
As, cal = 210.75mm 2

As, provided = 2 * 113.10 = 226.195mm 2
abAs, cal 1 * 379.91 * 210.75

=
= 353.97 mm > b, min = 227.98mm........ok!
As, prov
226.195
At span AB & CD
As, cal =165.53mm 2

As, provided = 2 * 113.10 = 226.195mm 2
b, net =
abAs, cal 1 * 379.91 *165.53

=
= 278.02mm > b, min = 200mm........ok!
As, prov
226.195
BAR CURTAILMENT
For all spans are no bar curtailment needed because of the Rib has four
bars that needed for tying by shear reinforcement
DESIGN FOR SHEAR OF JOISTS (RIB):
Location that shear force is zero at end span AB is 1.843m
Since the critical shear is obtained at d distance from face of the support.
X= 0.449m.
By similarity of triangle:
At
Vsd1 =
10.49(1.987 0.449 )
= 8.12 KN
1.987
the same computation
Vsd2=12.985KN2
Vsd3 = 9.455KN
Vsd4 = 1.103KN
For all spans take maximum Vsd2 for design of shear reinforcement, Vsd2 =
12.985KN
Resistance shear: diagonal compression resistance, Vrd,
Vrd = 0.25 f cd bd = 0.25 *11.33 * 80 * 249 * 10 -3 = 56.42KN >> Vsd (allo)
Shear, capacity:
v c = 0.25 f ctd k1 k 2 bd
k 2 = 1.6 d = 1.351 1.....ok! ,
At support
= 12
As = 210.75mm
k1 = 1 + 50
210.75
= 1.529 2.....ok!
80 * 249
v c = 0.25 f ctd k1 k 2 bd = 0.25 * 1.03 * 10 3 * 1.529 * 1.351 * 80 * 249 = 10.596 KN
Shear reinforcement for rib

Vs = Vsd Vc = 12.985 10.596 = 2.389 KN
Maximum Spacing:
Vsd = 12.985 KN <
S=
adf yd
max
Vs
2Vrd
= 37.61KN .........S max = min{ ,0.5d ,300mm
3
28.27 * 249 * 260.87

= 768.66mm
2.389 *10 3
af yk
28.27 * 300
=
= 265mm
0.4 * 80
0.4b
0.5d = 0.5 * 248 = 124mm = 124mm
300 mm
Use 6c / c...120mm
Ground floor slab
We have two alternatives for design of ground floor slab. The first alternative
is that laying the slab on the ground when the stability & strength of the
ground soil is good. The other alternative is to suspend the ground floor slab
on the tie beams like any other upper floors and hence monolithically casted
with grade beam.
In our case we just preferred slab on grade, assuming sufficient support from
the soil. And taking a depth D = 100mm with minimum reinforcement
provided in both directions of the slab.
Taking 1m width strip and 8 bars:
a s * f yk
b * a s
b * as
=
=
= 333.127 mm
min * b * d
0.5d
As
spacing
2h = 200mm
= 200mm ,
350mm
min=0.5/fyk=0.5/300=0.00167mm2
Design of Topping:
According to EBCS-2, Sec. 7.2.3.2(3) the topping shall be provided with
reinforcement mesh providing in each direction a cross-sectional area not
less than 0.001 of the section of the slab
As 0.001Le.Dt
8mm
and taking Le = 1m = 1000mm strip width and use =
As = 0.001*1000*60 = 60mm2
S=
ab * b 28.27 * 1000
=
= 471.17mm
As
60
Smax = 400 mm. provide 6 c/c 400mm in both directions

Design of One Way Solid Slab
Slab design moment (for slab)
The bending moment that are required for the determination of
reinforcement can be computed by SAP software analysis for the design
loads computed for each panel by considering as abeam by taking 1m
strip.
Fig 4. Distributed load, Moment diagram and Shear force diagram.

Check for slab depth
Check for flexure
The slab total depth provided was from the deflection requirement. This
depth has to be checked for flexure requirement.
M= max moment in the slab = 50.53KN-m at the support
d
sd * fcd * b
50.53 *106
= 112.23mm
0.295 * 13.6 * 1000
< d = 155mm..Ok!
fcd= concrete strength = 13.6

b= liner width taken = 1000mm
Span Reinforcement
min=0.00167
Reinforcement design for span 1-2 and 5-6, Moment,M = 31.38
fcd
2*M
2 * 31.38 * 10 6
= 1 1
*
=
1
fcd * b * d 2 fyd
13.6 * 1000 * 155 2
13.6
= 0.0053 > min
260.87
As = bd=0.0053*1000*155= 821.50mm2/m
Spacing for 12mm bar reinforcement, as = 113.10mm2
S=
as * b 113.10 * 1000
=
= 137.7 mm
As
821.50
Use 10mm c/c 130mm

Reinforcement design for span 2-3 and 4-5, Moment,M = 22.35
2*M
= 1 1
fcd * b * d 2
fcd
2 * 22.35 *10 6
*
=
1
13.6 * 1000 * 155 2

fyd
13.6
= 0.0037 > min
260.87
As = bd=0.0037*1000*155= 573.50mm2/m
S=
as * b 113.10 * 1000
=
= 197.21mm
As
573.50
Use 10mm c/c 190mm

Support reinforcement
Reinforcement design for span 1 and 6, Moment, M = 1.52
fcd
2*M
2 * 1.52 * 10 6
= 1 1
*
=
1
fcd * b * d 2 fyd
13.6 * 1000 * 155 2
so use min
As = bd=0.002*1000*155= 310.00mm2/m
13.6
= 0.000243 < min
260.87
Spacing for 10mm bar reinforcement, as = 310.10

S=
as * b 310.10 * 1000
=
= 253.35mm
As
310
Use 12mm c/c 250mm

Reinforcement design for span 2 and 5, Moment,M = 50.53KN-m
fcd
2*M
2 * 50.53 * 10 6
= 1 1
*
=
1
fcd * b * d 2 fyd
13.6 * 1000 * 155 2
13.6
= 0.00881 > min
260.87
As = bd=0.00881*1000*155= 1365.55mm2/m
S=
as * b 113.10 * 1000
=
= 82.82mm
As
1365.55
Use 10mm c/c 80mm
Reinforcement design for span 3and 4, Moment,M = 24.01KN-m
2*M
= 1 1
fcd * b * d 2
fcd
2 * 24.01 * 10 6
= 1 1
*
13.6 * 1000 * 155 2
fyd
13.6
= 0.00398 > min
260.87
As = bd=0.00398*1000*155= 616.90mm2/m
S=
as * b 113.10 * 1000
=
= 183.33mm
As
616.90
Use 10mm c/c 180mm
2. 3D frame analysis
2.1.
Loading
TRANSFERD DEAD LOAD TO AXIS FROM RIBBED SLAB for 1st to 4th floors
BEAM
axis
A
B
LENGTH
4.9
18.81
6
18.81
6
2.9
11.13
6
11.13
6
2.9
11.13
6
11.13
6
4.9
DUE TO RIB SLAB

LOAD ON BEAM
(KN/m)
FACTOR
ED
LOAD
18.816
24.46
29.952
38.94
22.272
28.95
29.952
38.94
18.816
24.46
18.81
6
18.81
6
TRANSFERD LIVE LOAD TO AXIS FROM RIBBED for 1st to 4th floors
BEAM
axis
A
B
C
D
E
LENGTH
4.9
5.589
5.589
2.9
3.308
3.308
2.9
3.308
3.308
4.9
5.589
5.589
DUE TO RIB SLAB

LOAD ON BEAM
(KN/m)
5.589
8.897
6.615
8.897
5.589
FACTOR
ED
LOAD
8.94
14.23
10.58
14.23
8.94
WALL LOAD TO AXIS for 1st to 4th floors
AXIS
1
2
3
4
5
6
AB
3.99
7.98
7.98
3.99
-
SPAN
BC
CD
3.99 3.99
7.98 7.98
7.98 7.98
3.99 3.99
-
DE
3.99
7.98
7.98
3.99
-
AXI
S
A
B
C
D
E
1-2
3.9
9
7.9
8
3.9
9
-
SPAN
32-3
4
4-5
7.9
8
5-6
-
7.9
8
3.99
3.99
-
7.98
WALL LOAD TO AXIS for ground floor

SPAN
AXI
S
A
B
C
D
E
12
7.9
8
7.9
8
7.9
8
23
7.9
8
7.9
8
7.9
8
3
4
45
7.9
8
7.9
8
7.9
8
56
7.98
7.98
-
AXIS
1
2
3
4
5
6
7.98
Load from solid slab and stair to beams
SPAN
AB
7.98
3.99
7.98
7.98
3.99
7.98
BC
7.98
3.99
7.98
7.98
3.99
7.98
CD
7.98
3.99
7.98
7.98
3.99
7.98
DE
7.98
3.99
7.98
7.98
3.99
7.98
Load from solid slab to

Load from stair to stair
cantilever beam
beam
AXIS Span
Load(KN/m)
AXIS LOAD (KN/m)
1
1-1'
42.96
A
30.09
2
2-2'
108.57
B
30.30
3
3-3'
67.81
C
4
4-4'
67.81
D
30.30
5
5-5'
108.57
E
30.09
6
6-6'
42.96
Roof Load transfer to beam
AT 1.5m SPACING
AXI
S
Load (KN/m)
1
1.4
2
11.18
3
0.06
4
0.06
5
11.18
6
1.4
AXI
S
A
B
C
D
E
Load (KN/m)
1.4
11.18
0.04
11.18
1.4
2.2. Method of analysis

Frame analysis
The structural frames are designed for two main types of loads namely
a) Vertical load:- the loads developed due to gravitation pull
b) Horizontal load:- these loads developed due to earth quick or wind
according to the location of the building.
The frame analysis can be done on the following procedure
1. Modeling the frame 3D system on ETABS
2. Vertical load that transfer from slab &roof to beams are calculate
& loaded
3. Horizontal loads due to earth quick the factors are calculated &
the value are inter to the ETABS analysis form.
4. Wall load on the beam are calculated & loaded

Load combination
Combo
COMB1
Type
ADD
COMB2
ADD
COMB3
ADD
COMB4
ADD
COMB5
ADD
COMB6
ADD
COMB7
ADD
COMB8
ADD
COMB9
ADD
INVELOP
ENVE
Case
DEAD
LIVE
TRLOAD
WALL
COMB1
EQX1
COMB1
EQX1
COMB1
EQX2
COMB1
EQX2
COMB1
EQY1
COMB1
EQY1
COMB1
EQY2
COMB1
EQY2
COMB1
COMB2
COMB3
COMB4
COMB5
COMB6
COMB7
COMB8
COMB9
Factor
1.3
1.6
1
1.3
0.75
1
0.75
-1
0.75
1
0.75
-1
0.75
1
0.75
-1
0.75
1
0.75
-1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
CaseType
Static
Static
Static
Static
Combo
Static
Combo
Static
Combo
Static
Combo
Static
Combo
Static
Combo
Static
Combo
Static
Combo
Static
Combo
Combo
Combo
Combo
Combo
Combo
Combo
Combo
Combo
2.3. Analysis result

Weight of 3D analysis from ETABS analysis
Story
WATER
THANK
WATER
THANK
TOP TIE
ElementTyp
e
Materi
al
TotalWeig
ht
FloorAre
a
Column
CONC
48
26.46
Beam
Column
CONC
CONC
62.1
270
26.46
0
BEAM
TOP TIE
BEAM
FOURTH
FLOOR
FOURTH
FLOOR
THRED
FLOOR
THRED
FLOOR
SECOND
FLOOR
SECOND
FLOOR
FRIST
FLOOR
FRIST
FLOOR
GROUN
FLOOR
GROUN
FLOOR
SUM
SUM
TOTAL
Beam
CONC
561.15
Column
CONC
252
417.57
Beam
CONC
556.65
417.57
Column
CONC
270
417.57
Beam
CONC
553.95
417.57
Column
CONC
270
417.57
Beam
CONC
553.95
417.57
Column
CONC
270
417.57
Beam
CONC
553.95
417.57
Column
CONC
225
347.88
Beam
Column
Beam
All
CONC
CONC
CONC
All
564
1605
3405.75
5010.75
347.88
2044.62
2044.62
2044.62
Table 3 Lateral force on each floors, Center of mass and center of rigidity
Story
Diaphragm MassX
MassY XCM YCM CumMassX CumMassY
FRIST FLOOR
D1
737.1357 737.1357 11.2 7.8
737.1357
737.1357
SECOND FLOOR
D2
737.1357 737.1357 11.2 7.8
737.1357
737.1357
THRED FLOOR
D3
735.3409 735.3409 11.2 7.8
735.3409
735.3409
FOURTH FLOOR
D4
728.1868 728.1868 11.2 7.8
728.1868
728.1868
TOP TIE BEAM
DTT
220.1638 220.1638 11.1 7.787 220.1638
220.1638
WATER THANK
DWT
17.1703 17.1703 11.2 7.8
17.1703
17.1703
GROUN FLOOR
DG
294.7706 294.7706 11.2 7.8
294.7706
294.7706
XCCM YCCM XCR YCR

11.15 7.8 11.15 7.8
11.15 7.8 11.15 7.8
11.15 7.8 11.15 7.8
11.15 7.8 11.15 7.8
11.1 7.787 11.15 7.8
11.15 7.8 11.15 7.8
11.15 7.8 11.15 7.8
Representative group output for foundation design
FOR
FOUNDATION
Point
Load
FX
FY
FZ
MX
MY
MZ
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
24
25
30
37
38
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MAX
44.99
43.37
45.14
38.5
38.78
45.21
45.42
41.19
40.32
50.23
1197.07
880.08
1734.39
1953.11
1438.08
68.687
62.057
52.339
54.932
71.853
59.681
57.584
61.111
55.754
54.704
0.261
0.261
0.261
0.261
0.261
Table.2 ETABS Output for Footing
Story
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
BASE
Point Load
9
9
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
16
16
17
17
18
18
19
19
20
20
23
23
24
24
25
25
26
26
27
27
30
30
31
31
32
32
33
33
34
34
37
37
38
38
39
39
40
40
41
41
44
44
45
45
46
46
47
47
48
48
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
FX
40.940
-33.610
40.650
-38.360
39.690
-32.980
40.650
-38.360
40.930
-33.600
38.460
-38.280
38.660
-38.340
36.710
-36.730
38.660
-38.340
38.450
-38.270
45.340
-44.450
44.450
-45.580
42.880
-44.700
44.450
-45.580
45.330
-44.440
44.390
-45.340
45.490
-44.520
44.600
-42.960
45.490
-44.520
44.380
-45.330
38.220
-38.750
38.300
-38.850
36.690
-36.800
38.300
-38.850
38.210
-38.740
33.610
-40.290
38.340
-40.330
32.960
-39.700
38.340
-40.320
33.600
-40.280
FY
FZ
38.38
-28.64
45.51
-51.36
43.51
-43.51
51.4
-45.54
28.62
-38.36
38.61
-34.8
50.21
-53.7
41.33
-41.33
53.69
-50.2
34.8
-38.61
39.73
-33.81
45
-52.62
44.93
-44.93
52.62
-45
33.81
-39.73
39.72
-33.8
44.98
-52.62
44.92
-44.92
52.63
-44.98
33.8
-39.72
38.56
-34.75
50.13
-53.67
41.29
-41.29
53.66
-50.12
34.75
-38.57
38.38
-28.55
45.45
-51.28
43.44
-43.44
51.32
-45.48
28.53
-38.36
MX
1091.81
712.99
921.98
587.31
851.68
553.19
921.6
586.97
1091.39
712.63
1777.23
1211.22
1490.39
1009.12
1439.84
1062.42
1489.81
1008.67
1775.99
1210.25
1654.82
1148.5
1237.29
856.13
891.05
663.34
1237.15
856.04
1654.44
1148.22
1656.06
1149.28
1232.62
852.65
886.12
659.54
1232.48
852.56
1655.67
1149
1797.47
1226.94
1498.59
1015.64
1444.16
1062.42
1498.01
1015.2
1796.2
1225.96
1075.77
711.85
915.74
588.39
850.97
554.98
915.37
588.05
1075.38
711.5
MY
52.359
-60.212
70.607
-65.896
64.258
-64.257
65.919
-70.637
60.195
-52.342
55.576
-58.652
70.734
-67.921
60.738
-60.739
67.913
-70.726
58.653
-55.577
52.669
-57.456
67.713
-61.568
61.394
-61.395
61.568
-67.717
57.455
-52.671
52.659
-57.443
67.709
-61.545
61.382
-61.383
61.545
-67.713
57.442
-52.66
55.514
-58.599
70.693
-67.834
60.681
-60.681
67.826
-70.685
58.599
-55.516
52.242
-60.162
70.497
-65.803
64.16
-64.159
65.826
-70.526
60.145
-52.226
MZ
57.029
-51.021
55.717
-53.857
54.312
-48.827
55.712
-53.853
57.017
-51.011
55.361
-55.235
54.384
-54.14
52.163
-52.199
54.38
-54.135
55.351
-55.225
60.973
-60.256
59.011
-59.961
56.949
-58.459
59.007
-59.955
60.961
-60.244
60.191
-60.99
59.865
-59.089
58.362
-57.032
59.86
-59.085
60.179
-60.978
55.173
-55.635
54.093
-54.568
52.152
-52.264
54.089
-54.564
55.163
-55.625
50.995
-56.504
53.819
-55.466
48.79
-54.338
53.815
-55.461
50.986
-56.493
Grouped column for design , Axial load and bending moments value.
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
0.258
-0.258
Story
GROUN FLOOR
GROUN FLOOR
GROUN FLOOR
GROUN FLOOR
GROUN FLOOR
GROUN FLOOR
GROUN FLOOR
GROUN FLOOR
Story
FRIST FLOOR
FRIST FLOOR
FRIST FLOOR
FRIST FLOOR
FRIST FLOOR
FRIST FLOOR
FRIST FLOOR
FRIST FLOOR
Story
SECOND FLOOR
SECOND FLOOR
SECOND FLOOR
SECOND FLOOR
SECOND FLOOR
SECOND FLOOR
SECOND FLOOR
SECOND FLOOR
Story
THRED FLOOR
THRED FLOOR
THRED FLOOR
THRED FLOOR
THRED FLOOR
THRED FLOOR
THRED FLOOR
THRED FLOOR
Story
FOURTH FLOOR
FOURTH FLOOR
FOURTH FLOOR
FOURTH FLOOR
FOURTH FLOOR
FOURTH FLOOR
FOURTH FLOOR
FOURTH FLOOR
Story
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
Story
WATER THANK
Column
Load
C12
INVELOP
C12
INVELOP
C16
INVELOP
C16
INVELOP
C18
INVELOP
C18
INVELOP
C21
INVELOP
C21
INVELOP
Column
Load
C12
INVELOP
C12
INVELOP
C18
INVELOP
C18
INVELOP
C16-1 INVELOP
C16-1 INVELOP
C21
INVELOP
C21
INVELOP
Column
Load
C12
INVELOP
C12
INVELOP
C18
INVELOP
C18
INVELOP
C16-1 INVELOP
C16-1 INVELOP
C21
INVELOP
C21
INVELOP
Column
Load
C12
INVELOP
C12
INVELOP
C18
INVELOP
C18
INVELOP
C16-1 INVELOP
C16-1 INVELOP
C21
INVELOP
C21
INVELOP
Column
Load
C12
INVELOP
C12
INVELOP
C18
INVELOP
C18
INVELOP
C16-1 INVELOP
C16-1 INVELOP
C21
INVELOP
C21
INVELOP
Column
Load
C12
INVELOP
C12
INVELOP
C16
INVELOP
C16
INVELOP
C18
INVELOP
C18
INVELOP
C21
INVELOP
C21
INVELOP
Column
Load
C26
INVELOP
Loc
MIN 0
MIN2.2
MIN 0
MIN2.2
MIN 0
MIN2.2
MIN 0
MIN2.2
Loc
MIN 0
MIN2.7
MIN 0
MIN2.7
MIN 0
MIN1.2
MIN 0
MIN2.7
Loc
MIN 0
MIN2.7
MIN 0
MIN2.7
MIN 0
MIN1.2
MIN 0
MIN2.7
Loc
MIN 0
MIN2.7
MIN 0
MIN2.7
MIN 0
MIN1.2
MIN 0
MIN2.7
Loc
MIN 0
MIN2.7
MIN 0
MIN2.7
MIN 0
MIN1.2
MIN 0
MIN2.7
Loc
MIN 0
MIN2.7
MIN 0
MIN2.7
MIN 0
MIN2.7
MIN 0
MIN2.7
Loc
MIN 0
P
V2
-1953.11 39.01
-1944.53 39.01
-1197.07 46.09
-1188.49 46.09
-1438.08 39.32
-1429.5 39.32
-880.08 45.18
-871.5 45.18
P
V2
-1860.03
12.6
-1849.5 12.95
-1365.16 12.51
-1354.63 -12.42
-1110.54 -24.11
-1105.86 -24.11
-781.1 16.43
-770.57 15.98
P
V2
-1375.6 11.82
-1365.07 12.45
-1044.72 11.03
-1034.19
11.1
-899.78 13.31
-895.1 13.31
-546.85 13.99
-536.32 13.43
P
V2
-926.74
9.68
-916.21
9.78
-728.38
8.74
-717.85
8.8
-688.73 12.49
-684.05 12.49
-284.62 14.41
-274.09 15.17
P
V2
-922.19
9.55
-911.66
9.7
-750.87
9.23
-740.34
8.79
-622.65 12.16
-617.97 12.16
-509.1 12.37
-498.57 11.86
P
V2
-61.92
3.44
-51.39
3.44
-147.1
5.27
-136.57
5.27
-103.3
2.93
-92.77
2.93
-67.83
3.23
-57.3
3.23
P
V2
-23.05
-0.43
V3
T
-40.32 -0.26
-40.32 -0.26
53.51 -0.26
53.51 -0.26
54.77 -0.26
54.77 -0.26
45.42 -0.26
45.42 -0.26
V3
T
38.07 -0.43
38.07 -0.44
45.7
-0.3
45.7 -0.27
45.41 -0.41
45.41 -0.41
30.18 -0.28
29.55 -0.28
V3
T
44.46 -0.23
44.46 -0.25
27.15 -0.18
27.64 -0.17
32.7 -0.16
32.7 -0.16
14.95 -0.26
14.95 -0.17
V3
T
39.76 -0.12
39.76 -0.11
22.21 -0.12
22.13 -0.11
33.11 -0.19
33.11 -0.19
13.39 -0.12
13.54 -0.15
V3
T
40.33 -0.08
40.33 -0.08
21.57 -0.02
21.57 -0.13
27.25 0.083
27.25 0.083
12.89 -0.12
12.94 -0.07
V3
T
10.14 -0.04
10.14 -0.04
11.83 -0.04
11.83 -0.04
7.55 -0.04
7.55 -0.04
3.75 -0.04
3.75 -0.04
V3
T
-9.32 -0.02
Arranged Beam out put on each floors for design
M2
-60.365
30.743
68.687
-50.474
71.853
-50.501
-62.059
38.895
M2
46.465
-60.032
68.905
-57.124
68.812
13.579
-48.715
37.699
M2
67.63
-54.187
43.734
-35.328
47.603
7.945
-22.721
20.63
M2
59.233
-49.095
34.548
-29.105
48.399
8.42
-20.174
18.449
M2
59.46
-50.413
34.292
-27.278
41.287
8.364
-19.904
17.403
M2
28.82
6.391
19.462
-12.538
11.371
-9.05
-5.769
4.512
M2
-9.048
M3
56.194
-33.352
60.603
-43.052
55.166
-33.983
59.087
-41.92
M3
18.74
-20.29
18.879
-18.549
-27.556
5.054
27.495
-22.657
M3
19.085
-16.75
17.282
-15.285
16.895
7.57
21.547
-19.512
M3
14.788
-13.412
13.432
-12.01
17.267
5.865
21.652
-21.03
M3
14.576
-13.313
13.815
-12.411
17.321
6.357
18.892
-16.377
M3
6.215
-3.102
11.423
-4.017
5.351
-2.583
9.612
5.699
M3
0.588
Story
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
Story
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
Beam
B56
B56
B56
B57
B57
B57
B58
B58
B58
B59
B59
B59
B60
B60
B60
B61
B61
B61
B62
B62
B62
Beam
B63
B63
B63
B64
B64
B64
B65
B65
B65
B67
B67
B67
B68
B68
B68
B69
B69
B69
B98
B98
B98
Load
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
Load
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
Loc
0.25
0.125
0
2.4
4.65
0.15
2.5
0.15
4.85
1.35
0.15
2.55
2.5
4.85
0.15
2.4
0.15
4.65
0.15
0.275
0.4
V2
0.88
-2.92
-7.59
-0.91
60.25
-86.32
1.97
-86.55
65.43
2.64
-40.7
28.08
0.27
63.8
-88.77
2.6
-81.65
63.75
-1.61
1.89
5.39
T
-2.387
-2.387
-2.387
0.944
0.614
0.614
0.038
-0.497
-0.497
0.172
-0.134
-0.134
0.512
-0.023
-0.023
-0.659
-1.002
-1.002
-0.056
-0.056
-0.056
M3
AXIS SPAN
-6.922 A
1'-1
-7.013 A
1'-1
-7.653 A
1'-1
37.546 A
12
-51.475 A
12
-62.265 A
12
40.323 A
23
-60.077 A
23
-65.266 A
23
7.06 A
34
-17.311 A
34
-17.515 A
34
40.31 A
45
-60.072 A
45
-65.296 A
45
37.897 A
56
-51.405 A
56
-61.633 A
56
-5.651 A
66'
-5.798 A
66'
-6.443 A
66'
Loc
0.25
0.125
0
2.4
4.65
0.15
2.5
4.85
0.15
2.5
0.15
4.85
2.4
0.15
4.65
0.15
0.275
0.4
1.35
0.15
2.55
V2
2.31
-4.66
-12.44
0.39
103.92
-140.58
0.99
99.28
-134.33
1.31
-133.88
99.63
1.25
-139.48
104.71
-3.06
3.51
9.34
12.15
-42.36
19.2
T
-1.376
-1.376
-1.376
0.217
-0.317
-0.317
-1.005
-1.434
-1.434
1.436
1.011
1.011
0.301
-0.23
-0.23
-0.73
-0.73
-0.73
0.165
-0.17
-0.17
M3
AXIS
-6.032 B
-6.129 B
-7.198 B
62.275 B
-94.194 B
-96.433 B
61.61 B
-95.478 B
-96.472 B
61.638 B
-95.396 B
-96.497 B
62.273 B
-93.959 B
-96.671 B
-6.686 B
-6.79 B
-7.866 B
14.269 B
-21.668 B
-22.338 B
SPAN
1'-1
1'-1
1'-1
12
12
12
23
23
23
34
34
34
45
45
45
56
56
56
66'
66'
66'
Story
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
Story
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
Beam
B70
B70
B70
B71
B71
B71
B72
B72
B72
B74
B74
B74
B75
B75
B75
B76
B76
B76
Beam
B10
B10
B10
B11
B11
B11
B12
B12
B12
B7
B7
B7
B8
B8
B8
B9
B9
B9
Load
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MAX
Load
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
Loc
0.125
0.25
0
2.4
0.15
4.65
2.575
0.15
5
2.425
4.85
0
2.4
4.65
0.15
0.275
0.15
0.4
Loc
1.45
2.7
0.2
2.45
0.2
4.7
1.175
0.2
2.15
0.975
1.95
0
2.45
4.7
0.2
0.2
0.2
2.7
V2
-1.29
4.65
-6.34
1.52
-119.97
90.96
2.16
-128.83
98.22
-0.35
95.73
-132.16
-0.1
89.3
-122.16
1.99
-3.28
8.71
T
0.819
0.819
0.819
0.036
-0.038
-0.038
0.168
-0.166
-0.166
0.165
-0.167
-0.167
0.041
-0.039
-0.039
0.809
0.809
0.809
V2
1.01
0.36
-5.12
1.82
-5.63
4.54
0.47
-44.27
33.8
-0.24
33.1
-45.2
0.39
3.11
-7.54
-0.36
-3.77
1.71
T
-0.298
-0.595
-0.595
-0.141
-0.294
-0.294
0.783
-0.009
-0.009
0.006
-0.786
-0.786
0.293
0.14
0.14
0.594
0.297
0.297
M3
AXIS
2.531 C
2.37 C
1.889 C
54.242 C
-79.472 C
-84.478 C
57.77 C
-96.415 C
-104.5
C
57.787 C
-96.407 C
-104.48 C
54.264 C
-79.532 C
-84.374 C
2.774 C
2.602 C
2.142 C
SPAN
1'-1
1'-1
1'-1
12
12
12
23
23
23
45
45
45
56
56
56
66'
66'
66'
M3
AXIS SPAN
0.813 1
AA'
-2.386 1
AA'
-4.067 1
AA'
1.158 1
AB
-5.685 1
AB
-8.685 1
AB
3.797 1
BC
-17.555 1
BC
-18.47 1
BC
3.793 1
CD
-17.565 1
CD
-18.468 1
CD
1.156 1
DE
-5.671 1
DE
-8.7 1
DE
1.893 1
EE'
-2.399 1
EE'
-4.074 1
EE'
Story
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
Beam
B13
B13
B13
B14
B14
B14
B15
B15
B15
B16
B16
B16
B17
B17
B17
B18
B18
B18
Load
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
Story
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
TYPICAL FLOOR
Beam
B19
B19
B19
B20
B20
B20
B21
B21
B21
B22
B22
B22
B23
B23
B23
B24
B24
B24
Load
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
Loc
V2
0.975
-3.83
1.95
81.32
0 -118.99
2.45
0.07
4.7
12.44
0.2 -19.04
1.45
1.75
0.2
-8.98
2.7
7.59
1.45
0.03
2.7
5.87
0.2 -11.28
2.45
1.25
0.2 -17.47
4.7
13.61
1.175
5.22
0.2 -108.55
2.15
89.15
Loc
0.975
1.95
0
2.45
0.2
4.7
1.55
2.9
0.2
1.35
0
2.7
2.45
4.7
0.2
1.175
0.2
2.15
V2
-1.4
57.76
-81.05
1.64
-28.92
22.3
-5.7
9.11
-26.79
8.83
-5.91
19.15
0.13
20.8
-30.93
1.97
-77.11
60.71
T
0.246
0.082
0.082
-0.058
-0.11
-0.11
0.531
0.337
0.337
-0.336
-0.531
-0.531
0.109
0.058
0.058
-0.082
-0.246
-0.246
T
-0.267
-0.749
-0.749
-0.229
-0.495
-0.495
0.962
0.962
0.577
-0.576
-0.576
-0.961
0.496
0.229
0.229
0.748
0.267
0.267
M3
AXIS SPAN
23.142 2
AA'
-27.224 2
AA'
-37.413 2
AA'
5.52 2
AB
-13.248 2
AB
-16.778 2
AB
2.723 2
BC
-2.376 2
BC
-5.251 2
BC
2.721 2
CD
-2.397 2
CD
-5.234 2
CD
5.528 2
DE
-13.25 2
DE
-16.76 2
DE
23.141 2
EE'
-27.232 2
EE'
-37.407 2
EE'
M3
AXIS
16.549 3
-20.085 3
-23.923 3
9.75 3
-21.663 3
-26.164 3
7.554 3
7.371 3
-16.5 3
7.551 3
7.348 3
-16.484 3
9.752 3
-21.647 3
-26.175 3
16.551 3
-20.077 3
-23.925 3
SPAN
AA'
AA'
AA'
AB
AB
AB
BC
BC
BC
CD
CD
CD
DE
DE
DE
EE'
EE'
EE'
Story
Beam
TOP TIE BEAM B7
TOP TIE BEAM B7
TOP TIE BEAM B8
TOP TIE BEAM B8
TOP TIE BEAM B8
TOP TIE BEAM B9
TOP TIE BEAM B9
TOP TIE BEAM B9
TOP TIE BEAM B10
TOP TIE BEAM B10
TOP TIE BEAM B10
TOP TIE BEAM B11
TOP TIE BEAM B11
TOP TIE BEAM B11
TOP TIE BEAM B12
TOP TIE BEAM B12
Story
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
Load
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
Beam
Load
B13 INVELOP MIN
B13 INVELOP MAX
B14 INVELOP MIN
B14 INVELOP MIN
B14 INVELOP MAX
B15 INVELOP MIN
B15 INVELOP MIN
B15 INVELOP MAX
B16 INVELOP MIN
B16 INVELOP MIN
B16 INVELOP MAX
B17 INVELOP MIN
B17 INVELOP MIN
B17 INVELOP MAX
B18 INVELOP MIN
B18 INVELOP MAX
Loc
1.95
0
4.7
0.2
2.45
0.2
1.1
1.1
0.2
2.7
1.45
0.2
4.7
2.45
0.2
2.15
Loc
1.95
0
4.7
0.2
2.45
2.7
0.2
1.1
0.2
2.7
1.4
0.2
4.7
3.2
0.2
2.15
V2
5.33
0
7.39
-7.45
0.54
-0.04
1.94
2.99
-6.03
1.85
-0.57
-8.48
7.48
-0.33
-7.1
0
T
0
0
0.162
0.162
0.219
-0.107
-0.107
-0.107
0.118
0.118
0.237
-0.219
-0.163
-0.163
0
0
M3 Axis span
-4.395 1 A`-A
2.986 1 A`-A
-7.481 1 A-B
-4.234 1 A-B
3.786 1 A-B
2.831 1 B-C
1.976 1 B-C
1.976 1 B-C
-3.688 1 CD
0.12 1 CD
1.498 1 CD
-7.192 1 DE
-2.978 1 DE
3.624 1 DE
-4.395 1 EE`
2.986 1 EE`
V2
4.28
0
21.6
-17.9
-0.06
14.85
-9.82
4
-11.3
5.38
3.43
-19.4
12.07
11.73
-5.7
0
T
0.025
0.829
-0.07
-0.07
-0.02
0.095
0.095
0.203
-0.2
-0.2
-0.1
0.023
0.023
0.069
-0.83
-0.03
M3 Axis span
-3.308 2 AÀ
2.253 2 AÀ
-18.6 2 AB
-12.39 2 AB
9.794 2 AB
-6.146 2 BC
-2.542 2 BC
5.108 2 BC
-6.432 2 CD
-1.949 2 CD
4.978 2 CD
-17.6 2 DE
-11.34 2 DE
9.55 2 DE
-3.308 2 EE`
2.253 2 EE`
Story
Beam
TOP TIEBEAM B19
TOP TIEBEAM B19
TOP TIEBEAM B20
TOP TIEBEAM B20
TOP TIEBEAM B20
TOP TIEBEAM B21
TOP TIEBEAM B21
TOP TIEBEAM B21
TOP TIEBEAM B22
TOP TIEBEAM B22
TOP TIEBEAM B22
TOP TIEBEAM B23
TOP TIEBEAM B23
TOP TIEBEAM B23
TOP TIEBEAM B24
TOP TIEBEAM B24
Load
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
Loc
1.95
0
4.7
0.2
2.45
0.2
1.45
2.7
2.7
1.45
0.2
0.2
4.7
2.45
0.2
2.15
V2
4.28
0
23.59
-28.21
1.71
-13.98
-10.32
-4.74
10.22
10.32
6.67
-31.63
21.03
-1.15
-5.7
0
T
-0.711
0.501
-0.063
-0.063
-0.008
0.206
0.206
0.338
-0.338
-0.206
-0.206
0.008
0.008
0.063
-0.503
0.71
Story
Beam
TOP TIE BEAM B56
TOP TIE BEAM B56
TOP TIE BEAM B57
TOP TIE BEAM B57
TOP TIE BEAM B57
TOP TIE BEAM B58
TOP TIE BEAM B58
TOP TIE BEAM B58
TOP TIE BEAM B59
TOP TIE BEAM B59
TOP TIE BEAM B59
TOP TIE BEAM B60
TOP TIE BEAM B60
TOP TIE BEAM B60
TOP TIE BEAM B61
TOP TIE BEAM B61
TOP TIE BEAM B61
TOP TIE BEAM B62
TOP TIE BEAM B62
Load
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
Loc
0.25
0
0.15
4.65
3
4.85
0.15
2.5
0.15
2.55
1.35
0.15
4.85
3.34
4.65
0.15
1.5
0.15
0.4
V2
0.73
0
-15.21
6.54
0.23
8.16
-9.68
2.14
-17.87
10.41
3.43
-12.05
5.38
3.82
11.09
-2.59
2.4
-0.98
0
T
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
M3 Axis span
-3.308 3 AÀ
2.253 3 AÀ
-24.2 3 AB
-16.51 3 AB
13.31 3 AB
-14.16 3 BC
0.769 3 BC
11.64 3 BC
-14.17 3 CD
1.025 3 CD
11.65 3 CD
-24.2 3 DE
-16.52 3 DE
13.31 3 DE
-3.308 3 EE`
2.253 3 EE`
M3
-10.31
-10.19
-18.07
5.689
7.322
-12.08
-7.405
5.105
-7.922
-7.854
5.29
-11.89
-6.903
4.854
-18.58
6.285
7.871
-10.02
-9.896
Axis
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
span
1`1
1`1
12
12
12
23
23
23
34
34
34
45
45
45
56
56
56
66`
66`
Story
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
TOP TIE BEAM
Beam
Load
B63 INVELOP MIN
B63 INVELOP MIN
B64 INVELOP MIN
B64 INVELOP MIN
B64 INVELOP MAX
B65 INVELOP MIN
B65 INVELOP MIN
B65 INVELOP MAX
B66 INVELOP MIN
B66 INVELOP MIN
B66 INVELOP MAX
B67 INVELOP MIN
B67 INVELOP MIN
B67 INVELOP MAX
B68 INVELOP MIN
B68 INVELOP MIN
B68 INVELOP MAX
B69 INVELOP MIN
B69 INVELOP MIN
Story
Beam
TOP TIE BEAM B70
TOP TIE BEAM B70
TOP TIE BEAM B71
TOP TIE BEAM B71
TOP TIE BEAM B71
TOP TIE BEAM B72
TOP TIE BEAM B72
TOP TIE BEAM B72
TOP TIE BEAM B73
TOP TIE BEAM B73
TOP TIE BEAM B73
TOP TIE BEAM B74
TOP TIE BEAM B74
TOP TIE BEAM B74
TOP TIE BEAM B75
TOP TIE BEAM B75
TOP TIE BEAM B75
TOP TIE BEAM B76
TOP TIE BEAM B76
Load
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
Loc
0.25
0
0.15
4.65
3
4.85
0.15
2.7
2.55
0.15
1.35
0.15
4.85
3
4.65
0.15
2.4
0.15
0.28
Loc
0.25
0
0.15
4.5
3
0.15
4.85
2.7
2.55
0.15
0.15
0.15
4.85
2.5
4.65
0.15
1.2
0.15
0.275
V2
0.73
0
-24.7
18.48
8.81
20.53
-22.8
9.51
12.51
-22.7
8.77
-24.1
19.6
9.41
15.06
-18
2.88
-0.98
-0.49
T
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
M3 Axis span
-11.95 B 1`1
-11.83 B 1`1
-24.33 B 12
-9.237 B 12
13.354 B 12
-24.02 B 23
-15.98 B 23
12.699 B 23
-11.97 B 34
-11.91 B 34
8.352 B 34
-23.24 B 45
-15.28 B 45
12.728 B 45
-22.9 B 56
-8.669 B 56
9.889 B 56
-11.5 B 66`
-11.41 B 66`
V2
0.73
0
-12.48
4.66
0.28
-10.11
5.19
1
-1.35
-8.4
1.58
-8.37
-8.37
1.68
8.14
-2.54
0.56
-0.98
-0.49
T
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
M3
-0.122
0
-13.9
5.169
5.753
-9.491
-5.9
4.027
-6.205
-5.941
6.038
-5.967
-5.967
3.895
-14.09
5.016
6.07
-0.122
-0.03
Axis
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
span
1`1
1`1
12
12
12
23
23
23
34
34
34
45
45
45
56
56
56
66`
66`
Story
Beam
Load
Loc
V2
T
M3 Axis On span
GROUN FLOOR
B8 INVELOP MAX 2.45 8.17 0.241 15.917 1
AB
GROUN FLOOR
B8 INVELOP MIN 0.2 -31 -1.482 -31.651 1
AB
GROUN FLOOR
B8 INVELOP MIN 4.7 17.61 -1.482 -31.621 1
AB
GROUN FLOOR
B9 INVELOP MAX 1.45 14.17 1.583 4.139 1
BC
GROUN FLOOR
B9 INVELOP MIN 0.2 -29.8 -0.053 -24.745 1
BC
GROUN FLOOR
B9 INVELOP MIN 2.7 -3.03 -0.053 -24.117 1
BC
GROUN FLOOR B10 INVELOP MAX 1.45 16.39 0.053 4.146 1
CD
GROUN FLOOR B10 INVELOP MIN 0.2 -27.5 -1.583 -24.087 1
CD
CD
DE
DE
GROUN FLOOR B11 INVELOP MIN 4.7 15.92 -0.241 -31.652 1
DE
Story
Beam
GROUN FLOOR B14
GROUN FLOOR B14
GROUN FLOOR B14
GROUN FLOOR B15
GROUN FLOOR B15
GROUN FLOOR B15
GROUN FLOOR B16
GROUN FLOOR B16
GROUN FLOOR B16
GROUN FLOOR B17
GROUN FLOOR B17
GROUN FLOOR B17
Load
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
Loc
2.45
0.2
4.7
1.45
0.2
2.7
1.45
0.2
2.7
2.45
0.2
4.7
V2
5.64
-19.26
11.47
9.54
-19.84
-2.81
11.33
-18.07
-1.03
3.86
-21.63
9.69
T
0.422
-0.399
-0.399
0.387
-0.498
-0.498
0.498
-0.387
-0.387
0.398
-0.422
-0.422
M3 Axis On span
10.052 2
AB
-20.36 2
AB
-20.44 2
AB
4.241
2
BC
-15.24 2
BC
-17.7
2
BC
4.239
2
CD
-17.7
2
CD
-15.25 2
CD
10.052 2
DE
-20.44 2
DE
-20.36 2
DE
Story
Beam
Load
Loc V2
T
M3 Axis On span
AB
AB
AB
BC
BC
BC
CD
CD
CD
DE
DE
DE
Story
Beam
Load
GROUN FLOOR
B57 INVELOP MAX
GROUN FLOOR
B57 INVELOP MIN
GROUN FLOOR
B57 INVELOP MIN
GROUN FLOOR
B58 INVELOP MAX
GROUN FLOOR
B58 INVELOP MIN
GROUN FLOOR
B58 INVELOP MIN
GROUN FLOOR
B59 INVELOP MAX
GROUN FLOOR
B59 INVELOP MIN
GROUN FLOOR
B59 INVELOP MIN
GROUN FLOOR
B60 INVELOP MAX
GROUN FLOOR
B60 INVELOP MIN
GROUN FLOOR
B60 INVELOP MIN
GROUN FLOOR
B61 INVELOP MAX
GROUN FLOOR
B61 INVELOP MIN
GROUN FLOOR
B61 INVELOP MIN
Story
GROUN FLOOR
GROUN FLOOR
GROUN FLOOR
GROUN FLOOR
GROUN FLOOR
GROUN FLOOR
GROUN FLOOR
GROUN FLOOR
GROUN FLOOR
GROUN FLOOR
GROUN FLOOR
GROUN FLOOR
GROUN FLOOR
GROUN FLOOR
GROUN FLOOR
Beam
B64
B64
B64
B65
B65
B65
B66
B66
B66
B67
B67
B67
B68
B68
B68
Load
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MAX
INVELOP MIN
INVELOP MIN
Story
Beam
Load
GROUN FLOOR B71 INVELOP MAX
GROUN FLOOR B71 INVELOP MIN
Loc
2.4
0.15
4.65
2.5
0.15
4.85
1.35
0.15
2.55
2.5
0.15
4.85
2.4
0.15
4.65
Loc
2.4
0.15
4.65
2.5
0.15
4.85
1.35
0.15
2.55
2.5
0.15
4.85
2.4
0.15
4.65
Loc
2.4
0.15
4.65
2.5
0.15
4.85
1.35
0.15
2.55
2.5
0.15
4.85
2.4
0.15
4.65
V2
7.67
-32.1
16.44
5.54
-33.1
20.29
10.25
-53.2
29.69
4.77
-34.1
19.62
7.85
-32
16.41
T
1.296
-0.6
-0.6
0.431
-0.595
-0.595
0.318
-0.317
-0.317
0.592
-0.43
-0.43
0.594
-1.296
-1.296
M3 Axis On span
14.934 A
1_2
-33.499 A
1_2
-32.762 A
1_2
14.865 A
2_3
-31.257 A
2_3
-30.019 A
2_3
13.616 A
3_4
-26.02 A
3_4
-26.056 A
3_4
14.902 A
4_5
-30.024 A
4_5
-30.968 A
4_5
14.809 A
5_6
-32.766 A
5_6
-34.172 A
5_6
V2
5.43
-12.96
0.2
4.37
-10.8
2.95
7.23
-10.72
-3.7
3.85
-11.25
2.49
6.49
-12.01
1.16
T
0.862
-1.097
-1.097
0.352
0.079
0.079
0.13
-0.126
-0.126
-0.078
-0.35
-0.35
1.091
-0.864
-0.864
M3
Axis On span
4.019
B
1_2
-18.63
B
1_2
-16.72
B
1_2
4.586
B
2_3
-15.48
B
2_3
-13.76
B
2_3
0.631
B
3_4
-10.29
B
3_4
-10.31
B
3_4
4.572
B
4_5
-13.8
B
4_5
-15.28
B
4_5
3.94
B
5_6
-16.71
B
5_6
-18.99
B
5_6
V2
6.7
-32
17.52
4.76
-32.9
21.38
8.51
-12
-4.99
3.74
-34.2
20.38
6.58
-32.2
17.39
T
0.301
-0.301
-0.301
0.891
-0.891
-0.891
0.108
-0.108
-0.108
0.889
-0.889
-0.889
0.299
-0.299
-0.299
M3 Axis On span
14.713 C
1_2
-31.042 C
1_2
-30.944 C
1_2
15.132 C
2_3
-28.536 C
2_3
-27.959 C
2_3
0.253 C
3_4
-12.109 C
3_4
-12.131 C
3_4
15.127 C
4_5
-28.006 C
4_5
-28.44 C
4_5
14.698 C
5_6
-30.933 C
5_6
-31.092 C
5_6
3. Girder design
4. Column design
5. Footing design
Footing Is Designed According To Ultimate Limit State Design (ULCD)
For this method EBCS-2 1995 section 6.5 is used.
The external moment on any section of a footing shall be determined by passing a
vertical plane through the footing, and computing the moment of forces acting over
the entire area of the footing on one side of that vertical plane.
Design Constants
Soil property
Allowable bearing pressure of soil
all = 400 KPa
Unit wt. of selected back fill material
soil =18 KN/m3
7) Design Moment And Loads
Mx = 54.93 KN-m
My = 55.75 KN-m
Axial load P=1953.11KN (supper structure load (factored))
8) Determination Of Dimension Of Footing Pad
Minimum footing depth
The depth of the footing above bottom reinforcement shall not be less than
150mm for footing on the soil, or 300mmfor footing on piles.
Let assume that depth of footing pad, D=0.70m
Foundation column depth = 2.50 m
Column cross section = 0.4*0.4m
Assume that footing dimension 2.70*2.70m
9) Dead Loads
Area footing pad, Af=2.7 *2.7=7.29m2
Let depth of footing, D=0.70m
Own wt. of footing,
wc= Af*D*c=7.29m2*0.70*30=153.09 KN
Soil weight,
ws= Af*(fd -D*s)=7.29m*(2.50-0.70)*18=236.20 KN
Total unfactored load on footing
PT =Ps*Wc *Ws
But unfactored load of super structure load, P s
Ps=1953.11/1.40=1395.08 KN
PT =1395.08+153.09+236.20=1784.36
10) Maximum Stress, mx from load
Ecentrercity, e
ex =My/Pt=55.75/1784.36=0.03
ey =Mx/Pt=54.93/1784.36=0.03
Maximum stress from load
max =
6 * eX 6 * ey
P
1+
+
A
Lx
Ly
1784.36
6 * 0.03 6 * 0.03
3
=
1
= 278.51KN / m
7
.
29
2
.
70
2
.
70
max=278.51 KN/m3< all =280 KN/m3..OK !
Note: If max less than all ,the length of the footing pad provided (Lx &Ly) are
enough, if
11)
greater than all ,we must increase the footing pad dimension.
Check for separation
L
Lx
> e x and y > e y , no separation occurs
6
6
If
Ly
6
Lx 2.70
=
= 0.45 > ex = 0.03 and
6
6
=
2.70
= 0.45 > e y = 0.03 ,no separation occurs
6
12)
Maximum Stress From Factored Load
max =
P 6 * e X 6 * e y
1+
+
A
Lx
Ly
max =
Ps + 1.3( wc ) + 1.3( ws )
6 * ex 6 * e y
* 1+
+
Af
Lx
Ly
max =
1953.11 + 1.3(153.09) + 1.3( 236.20)

6 * 0.03 6 * 0.03
* 1 +
+
7.29
2.70
2.70
max =
2459.187 KN
0.18 0.18
3
* 1 +
+
= 383.84 KN / m = 383.84 KPa
2
7.29m
2
.
70
2
.
70
OR
x=2.7/2=1.
35
3
4
2.
7
0.
4
1
0.
4
2.
7
y=2.7/2=1.
35
Assume that all =400 KPa

Moment of inertia of footing pad
max =
P M xy M yx
A
Ix
Iy
max =
2459.187 KN 54.93 * 1.35 55.75 * 1.35
7.29m 2
4.429
4.429
max = 337.34 16.74 16.99 =
1 = 371.07 KPa , 2 = 337.59 KPa

3 = 337.09 KPa
4 = 303.61KPa
max = 371.07 KPa < all = 400 KPa.................ok!

13) Structural Design
8.1Depth Determination Using Punching Shear
Assuming that bar diameter =12mm
Area of as=113.04mm2
Effective depth determination
d x = D Cc
12
= 700 50
= 644mm
2
2
d y = D Cc
3
3 * 12
= 700 50
= 632mm
2
2
Average effective depth
d =
dx + dy
2
644 + 632
= 638mm
2
x=2.7/2=1.
35
3
1.5d
2.
7
1
0.
4
0. 1.5d
y=2.7/2=1.
2214m
3
m
2 35
2.
7
Note: the critical section of punching shear is according to ultimate limit state
design 1.5d from face of column.
Perimeter of the punching area, u.
u=2(2.314)+2(2.314)=9.26
Punching shear resistance,rd...EBCS-2,1995 sec.47.6
rd = 0.25 f ctd * k1 * k 2 * u * d ........................eq.4.47

Where k1=(1+50r) <= 2 r= rmin=0.002
k1=(1+50*0.002) <= 2
k1=1.1
and k2=1.6-d >=1
k2=1.6-0.638 >=1
k2 =0.962 >=1
k2==1
rd = 0.25 f ctd * k1 * k 2 * u * d
rd = 0.25 *1.1648 *1.1*1* 9.26 * 638 =1891.67 KN

Acting punching shear, p.
p = qmax ( A f Ap )
but
qmax = 385.13KPa
Ap=(a+3d)(b+3d)=(0.4+3*0.638)*(0.4+3*0.638)=5.355 m2
p = 383.84 * ( 2.7 * 2.7 5.355) = 742.88KN

rd
Note: punching shear resistance, , mustbe greater than acting punching shear, ,
rd =1891.67 KN > rd 742.88 KN .................OK !
If not the depth d consider d is not safe we must increase the depth of the pad.
8.2) Check Depth For Wide Beam Shear

x=2.7/2=1.
35
3
d
2.70m
a=0.
4
b=0.4
bw
bw
y=2.7/2=1.
2 35
2.70m
Note: the critical section of the wide beam shear is d distance from face of column.
The shear resistance,w , according to EBCS-2,1995.
W = 0.25 f ctd * k1 * k 2 * L * d
L = Lx = L y = 2.70m
K =1.1 and k =1
W = 0.25 * 1.1648 * 1.1 * 1 * 2.70 * 638 = 551.81KN

a
Acting wide beam shear, .
a = q * bw * L
L = max ofL y & Lx = 2.70
Where b =distance from critical section to end of pad.
bW =
Lb a
d = 0.512m
2
a = qmax * bw * L = 383.84 * 0.512 * 2.70 = 530.62 KN

w
=551.81KN > =530.62 ==>the depth considered is safe for design.
14) Reinforcement Calculation

Flexural reinforcement distribution in one-way footing and two-way square
footing, reinforcement shall be distributed uniformly across the entire width of
footing.
9.1) in the x direction
minimum reinforcement
As min =
s min
0 .5 * b * d
= bd
f yk
where b=L =2.70=2700mm
=0.002*2700*638mm=2871.00mm
sd
Design moment, M , at face of column
M sd
L a
2.7 0.4
qmax x
2
2
= 253.81KN m
=
= 383.84 *
2
2
M sd
253.81 * 10 6
=
= 0.02
z
from EBCS-2 design aid tab k .
f cd * b * d 2 13.6 * 2700 * 638 2
sd =
K z = sd 1
(1 2 * sd ) ) 0.01
K z = 0.02 * 1 1 2 * 0.02 0.01 = 0.98

2
Z=k *d=0.98*638=626.16
Ascalc =
s calc
s provided
M sd
253.81 * 10 6
=
= 1553.84mm 2
z * f yd
626.16 * 260.87
=1553.84mm2>A
2
20
ba s 314.00mm 2 * 1000mm
=
= 110mm
As
2871mm 2
Use
20
c/c 110 mm
9.2) In the y-direction
=2871mm
=2871mm
Spacing using
S=
s min
s min
=2853mm
M sd
L b
2.7 0.4
qmax x
2
2
= 253.81KN m
=
= 383.84 *
2
2
sd =
M sd
253.81 * 10 6
=
= 0.02
f cd * b * d 2 13.6 * 2700 * 638 2
(1 2 * sd ) ) 0.01
K z = sd 1
K z = 0.02 * 1 1 2 * 0.02 0.01 = 0.98

2
Z=k *d=0.98*638=626.16
Ascalc =
s calc
s provided
M sd
253.81 * 10 6
=
= 1553.84mm 2
z * f yd
626.16 * 260.87
=1553.84mm2>A
=2871mm
=2871mm
Spacing using
S=
s min
20
ba s 314.00mm 2 * 1000mm
=
= 110mm
As
2871mm 2
Use
20
c/c 110 mm
TABULATED FORM FOR OTHER FOOTING

FOOTING F2
Tabel 1 footing and soil data
Table 2. Calculation
Structural Design.
Table 3.depth determination using punching shear and wide beam shear.
Table.4 Reinforcement design
FOOTING F3
Structural Design.
FOOTING F4
Structural Design.
FOOTING F5
Structural Design.

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ETHIOPIAN CIVIL SERVICE COLLEGE

INSTITUTE OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

ANALYSIS, DESIGN, AND CONSTRUCTION COST COMPARISON SOLID

A senior project submitted to:

This booklet contains a static calcucalation of structural analysis and design of a

Modeling based on architectural drawing.

o Assigning joint constraints (joint restraints, diaphragm) lateral &

a. Three Dimensional Layout of The Building

b. Ground Floor Plan

c. Typical Floor Plan

Quality of Construction and Method of Analysis

o Class I work is assumed

Taking in to account availability of quality construction materials and skilled

marble tile 27KN/m3

pvc covering 16KN m3

Factored Loading Combination

0.75(1.3DL+1.6LL) EQx 5%Eccentricity in y dir

0.75(1.3DL+1.6LL) EQy 5%Eccentricity in x dir

Codes and References

EBCS 2-1995 and associated tables & charts

EBCS 8-1995 and

Etabs-V9 for modeling and analysis of ribbed slab same building as 3D

2. Wind Load Analysis

Roof wind load analysis

(Ze) = reference height for the relevant pressure coefficient.

EBCS-1, 1995 sec. 3.7.1

, 0 ..EBCS-1, 1995 sec. 3.7.2(2)

Mean return period 50 years..EBCS-1,1995 sec. 3.7.2(1)

,0 EBCS-1,1995- eqn. 3.7

DETERMINATION OF EXPOSSURE COEFFICIENT, Ce (z).

for zmin <= z <= 200m...EBCS-1, 1995 eqn.3.10

And height of building z = 16.50m

= 0.24 ln (16.50/1) = 0.673

.................EBCS-1, 1995 sec. 3.8.4(2)

= 0.673 *1 (1+(7*0.24)/(0.673*1)) = 1.5836

D. DETERMINATION OF EXTERNAL PRESSURE COEFFICIENT (C

External pressure coefficient for hipped roofs.

For wind direction = 0

For wind direction = 90

For wind direction = 0

For wind direction

e=b or 2h whichever is smaller

b=cross wind dimension

FOR WIND DIRECTION =900

FOR WIND DIRECTION =00

Excel values are required from

1.3 DESIGN OF ROOF COVER (DESIGN OF EGA)

Live load from .EBCS-1,

Concentrated live load Qk=0.25 1KN

PL Wl 2 1.58 *1.5 0.0572 *1.52

0.609 *10 6 Nmm / m

Take section of modulus Sx =2749mm

Perpendicular dead load of EGA Ro0f is

Section modulus computation

Take EGA-3OO Sectional property

Exterior reaction force Re=0.344KN at 0.9m spacing,

TRUSS TOTAL LENGTH COMPUTITION

Major horizontal =10.45m

Total length of vertical and diagonal

Diagonal (rafter) =10.56m

Total length =22.51m

TOTAL LOAD COMPUTATION

Vertical & diagonal members

= 0.673 1 (1+(70.24)/(0.673*1)) = 1.5836

PL Wl 2 1.58 1.5 0.0572 1.52

Total volume of water; VT=4floors4households5individuals per

As, cal= 0.007100089mm= 623.06mm2

As, cal= 0.00486100077mm= 373.86mm2

Myf= k2 0.4( Y1-0.4/2)- k1 *((Y1-0.4)/2)2