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That’s why a stand-alone protective device such as an S&C Circuit-Switcher is typically applied at each transformer.
S&C has tested each of its distribution transformer protective devices—Series 2000, Mark V, and Mark VI Circuit-
Switchers, and Trans-Rupter II® Transformer Protector—specifically for this duty, and assigned a secondary-fault
interrupting rating to each device.
This formula can be used to determine the secondary-fault interrupting rating required for the substation transformer
protective device, to properly protect a particular size and impedance of transformer:
I = (57.8P) / [(%Z)E]
The formula assumes an infinite (zero-impedance) source.
Where:
A protective device is appropriate for the application if its secondary-fault interrupting rating is equal to or greater than
the value for “I” calculated above.
EXAMPLE:
The inherent secondary-fault current for a 20/40/50-MVA, 115-kV, 8%-impedance transformer would be: