RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, KARNATAKA, BANGALORE ANNEXURE II PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECTS FOR DISSERTATION

1 NAME OF THE CANDIDATE AND PRINCY ABRAHAM ADDRESS (IN BLOCK LETTERS) I YEAR M.Sc. NURSING DR. M.V. SHETTY INSTITUTE OF HEALTH SCIENCES VIDYANAGAR MANGALORE 575 013

NAME OF THE INSTITUTION

DR.

M.V.

SHETTY

INSTITUTE

OF

HEALTH SCIENCES

COURSE SUBJECT

OF

STUDY

AND M.SC. NURISNG PSYCHIATRIC NURSING

DATE OF ADMISSION TO THE 12-05-2007 COURSE

TITLE OF THE TOPIC

A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE FACTORS INFLUENCING AMONG AT INTERNET UNIVERSITY DEVELOP BOOKLET. AN ADDICTION

ADOLESCENTS IN SELECTED PRE COLLEGES MANGALORE WITH A VIEW TO INFORMATION

INTRODUCTION
Computers have become essential to our daily lives. The first computer was invented by a British scientist Charles P Babbage in 1822, but was completed in 1871 by Helmet P Babbage. The good thing is that computers help people reach out, make friends and learn to interact. The bad thing is that hard-core online users may begin living artificial life that proves dangerous to their health and emotional stability. Internet Addiction comes to public awareness in 1955, when an article appeared in the New York Times; March 1955(O Neil).The article associated internet addiction with other types of addiction such as gambling and included statement of self-proclaimed addicts. Kimberly Young, an American psychologist who made a first presentation on Internet Addiction at the conference of American Psychological Association (APA) in Toronto (1996). Young established a clinic, The Centre for Online Addictions, where she offers a wide variety of services, including tests and online treatments for various types of online addiction, as well as several publications.1 Psychologists have labeled Internet Addiction as Internet Addiction Disorder- a term first used by Gold berg (1996).According to Goldberg Internet Addiction Disorders exists when the individual experiences decreased occupational, academic, social, work related, family related, financial, psychological or physiological functioning.2 Internet addicts are not defined only by the number of hours they spend online, but by the impact it has on their personal and professional life. Real world responsibilities get postponed and neglected as addicts become so involved in their online activities that they dream about them at night and fantasies about them during the day.3 A survey was conducted among college and university students in U.S showed 71% of all students had played video games on computers and 45% had done so online; the remaining 55% play only offline. Online players spend more time playing than offline players; 42% of online players play for four hours or more per week, compared with only 26% of those who played offline.4 According to the survey done by Internet and Mobile Association of India in 2005, the 26 city that covered 65,000 persons in 16,500-house hold has shown 1.6 million school children use the internet on about 322 minutes a week and about 3.4 million college children use the internet about 433 minutes a week.5

6. BRIEF RESUME OF INTENTED STUDY

6.1 Need for the study

Internet addiction is alarming on the rise, according to the mental health professionals. An increasing number of people are seeking help to get over their obsession with the cyber world. There are not only
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children and adolescents, but also middle-aged groups who are addicted to various social networking, gambling, gaming and pornographic websites. Abuse of internet can have various negative consequences for the internet addict, such as failure to fulfill role obligations at school and at home, impairment of social relationships, violating schools rules or laws because of internet. The very real negative consequences of internet addiction have led health care professionals in various parts of the world to begin offering treatments for this problem. In Paris for example, the Marmottan Hospital has had specialized internet addiction units since 2002 and is already treating 200 patients per year.6 An article titled How internet addiction is affecting lives states, the internet has properties that for some individuals promote addictive behaviors and pseudo-intimate interpersonal relationships. Nurse Practioners will soon find themselves faced with the issues of internet addicts and their inability to get offline. Some of the physical symptoms include cyber shakes, dry eyes, carpal tunnel syndrome and head aches. From gaming to sexual and emotional relationships, the internet is taking over lives. 7 Psychiatrists believe the increasing obsessions with the online users are taking a heavy toll on the social and personal life, as well as Mental Health of people. Aruna Broota a leading Delhi Based clinical psychologist says, over the past two years the number of parents seeking advice on how to end their childrens net addiction has increased. These children and adolescents are hooked on to Orkut and various porn sites for six to eight hours. Its high time Internet fixation is treated as a disease in the country, like alcohol and drug addiction centers.8 A descriptive study was conducted to understand the degree of internet addiction tendency and to find out factors influencing internet addiction tendency among middle school students in Taiwan. A total of 450 middle school students were surveyed and data was collected through questionnaires. The result shows that students who were classified as either addicted or at risk of addiction accounted for a high percentage( 27%).A positive correlation was found between internet addiction and internet expectation, depression and parent control over internet use. So the researchers suggests that it would be necessary to develop an internet addiction presentation programme for adolescents taking into account for the psychological factors such as depression and internet use habits. 9 A cross sectional study was conducted by department of psychiatry,Kashsiung Medical University Taiwan aimed to examine the differences in personality characteristics between adolescents with and without internet addiction and substance use experience as defined by Tridimentional Personality Questionnaire, and to compare personality characteristics among group of adolescents with both internet addiction and substance use experience
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(comorbid group), those only with internet

addiction (internet addiction group), those with only substance experience (substance experience group)

and those without internet addiction and substance abuse group(control group).The samples included 3662 students from high schools. The result revealed that adolescents with internet addiction were more likely to have substance use experience. High novelity seeking and low reward dependence predicted a higher proportion of adolescents with internet addiction. Therefore, the researchers emphasized the need on preventive strategies on internet addicts. The internet makes our planet a small world, but it is needed to make sure that the wonderful tool that binds us, does not become bondage. As adolescents go online with greater frequency, the risk for addiction and the form it takes become greater which affect their social and academic life. Hence, the investigator would like to undertake the present study to assess the factors influencing internet addiction.

6.2 Review of literature

A prospective study was conducted on factors predictive for incidence and remission of internet addiction among adolescents in Taiwan. The sample of 500 students (267 male and 250 female) were recruited from three high schools. Data was collected by administering questionnaires. The factors examined included gender, personality, mental health, self-esteem, and family function like satisfaction and internet activities. The result revealed that high exploratory excitability, low reward dependence, low self-esteem, low family function and online gaming predicted the emergency of the internet addiction. The factors predictive incidence and remission for internet addiction identified in this study could be provided for prevention and promoting remission of internet addiction in adolescents.10 An exploratory study was conducted on prevalence of internet addiction in middle school students in china with the objective to study the prevalence and explore the risk factors. Data were collected from 5760 middle school students and their parents. The result showed that the over all prevalence of internet addiction disorder was 5.52%. Tired of going to school, anxiety, interpersonal sensitivity, peer influence in haunting at internet bars, fathers education level and the numbers of recreational settings in the community were the factors of Internet Addiction Disorder. 11 A correlative study was conducted with the objective to evaluate the relationship between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Symptoms and Internet Addiction among 535 school students of mean age 11.0+/-1.0 years in Korea. The presence or severity of internet addiction was assessed by Youngs Internet Addiction Test. Parents and teachers of the children completed the Du Pauls attention deficit hyperactivity disorder rating scale and child behavior checklists. The five (0.9%) children met the criteria for a definite internet addiction and 75 (14%) children met the criteria for a probable internet
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addiction. Therefore, significant association has been found between the level of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptom and the severity of internet addiction in children. Current findings suggests that the presence of attention deficit hyperactivity symptom may be one of the important risk factors for internet addiction.12 A descriptive study was conducted with the objective to investigate the psychiatric symptomlogy and personality characteristics among senior high school students at Korea. Data was collected by administering questionnaire, Internet Addiction Test, the Symptom Checklist-90-R and the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire. A total of 328 students aged 15-19 years participated in the study. Students were divided into four internet user groups according to the Internet Addiction Test total scores: nonusers (n=59, 18.0%), minimal users (n=155, 47.3%), moderate users (n=98, 29.9%) and excessive users (n=16, 4.9%).The Symptom Checklist-90-R showed that the excessive user group reported the highest level of symptomology. The Sixteen Personality Factor also revealed that excessive users were affected by feelings, self sufficient, imaginative, absorbed in thought, emotionally less stable, experimenting and preferred their own decisions. This study suggests that senior high school students who use internet to excess report and exhibit more psychiatric symptoms, and distinctive personality profile when compared with non-users, minimal and moderate users. A descriptive study was conducted as preliminary investigation of the extent of internet addiction among school children16-18 yrs old in Patiala. The Davis online cognition scale (DOCS) was used to assess pathological use. On the basis of total scores obtained (N = 100) on the two groups were identified dependents (18) and non-dependents (21). Findings shows that dependents were found to delay other work to spend time online, less sleep due to late night logons, and feel life would be boring without the internet. The hours spent on the internet by dependent were greater than those of nondependents.13 6.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM A descriptive study to assess the factors influencing internet addiction among adolescents in selected Pre University Colleges at Mangalore with a view to develop an information booklet. 6.4 OBJECTIVES Determine the factors influencing internet addiction among adolescents by using selfadministered closed ended structured questionnaire. Determine the association between the internet addiction and selected demographic variables of the adolescents.
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 Design and distribute an information booklet regarding internet addiction and its hazards. 6.5 OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS Descriptive study: In this study, it refers to the identification of the adolescents addicted to internet and the factors influencing internet addiction. Assess: In this study, it refers to the identification of the factors that influence internet addiction through a structured questionnaire. Internet addiction: In this study it refers to the behaviors which includes net gaming, cyber sexual addiction, online relationships in chat rooms, computer gaming and obsessed surfing of web causing academic, emotional, social, and health problems. Adolescents: - In this study, it refers to the students who are studying in selected pre university colleges in the age group of 15-17 years. Pre University Colleges: - In this study, it refers to the colleges with adolescent in the age group of 15-17 years at Mangalore. Information booklet: - It refers to the printed booklet with information regarding internet addiction and its hazards. 6.6 VARIABLES The selected demographic variables are age, sex, area of location, fathers educational status. 6.7 ASSUMPTIONS The knowledge of the adolescents regarding internet addiction will be minimal. The knowledge will vary according to the selected demographic variables. Information booklet will enhance the knowledge on internet addiction and its hazards. 6.8 DELIMITATIONS The study will be delimited to the adolescents. attending the selected Pre University Colleges attending the regular classes. within the age group of 15-17 years 6.9 HYPOTHESIS
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H1:- There will be a significant association between factors influencing internet addiction and selected demographic variables such as age, sex, area of location and fathers education.

7 METHOD AND MATERIALS 7.1 Source of Data The data will be collected from the adolescents who fulfill the inclusion willing to participate in the study. 7.1.1 Research Design The research design involves description of the factors influencing internet addiction among adolescents and finding their association with related demographic variables. Hence, the research design is descriptive correlative design. 7.1.2 Setting The study will be undertaken in selected Pre University Colleges at Mangalore. 7.1.3 Population In the present study, the population consists of all students who are attending regular classes in selected Pre University Colleges at Mangalore. 7.2 METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION 7.2.1 Sampling Technique In view of the nature of the problem and to accomplish the objectives of the study, simple random sampling technique will be used to select 100 adolescents of selected pre university colleges. 7.2.2 Sample Size The data will be collected from 100 Pre University students in the age group of 15-17 years. 7.2.3 Inclusion criteria Students who are: willing to participate in the study available at the time of data collection. 7.2.4 Exclusion criteria Adolescents who are;
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criteria and will be

 not attending the regular classes. unwilling to participate in the study.

7.2.5 Instrument used A self-administered closed ended structured questionnaire containing the diagnostic criteria for internet addiction and the factors influencing internet addiction with demographic items, will be used. 7.2.6 Data collection method Data will be collected after getting permission from the concerned authority of the selected Pre University Colleges. The objectives of the study will be explained to the participants and formal written consent will be taken from the subjects. Investigator will introduce herself to the participants and there after a self-administered closed ended structured questionnaire will be administered to the participants, which consist of diagnostic criteria for internet addiction and factors influencing internet addiction among adolescents. After 30 minutes, the questionnaire will be collected back and the well designed information booklet on internet addiction and its hazards will be distributed among the participants. 7.2.7 Data analysis The data will be analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Chi-square test will be used to find out the association between the internet addiction among adolescents and their demographic variables. Analyzed data will be represented in tables and figures. 7.3 Does the study require any investigation or intervention on patients or other humans or animals? If so please describe briefly. Yes, a well-designed information booklet will be distributed among the participants. 7.4 Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution in case of 7.3? Yes, ethical clearance has been obtained from the ethical committee of the Institution. Consent from the samples will be taken at the time of data collection.

8. REFERENCE 1. Neil O. Internet Addiction. New York Times .March 1995. 2. Goldberg. Internet addiction. 1996.Online document , httt//www.cmhc/mlists/research. 3. Kumar Vasantha G.Internet Addiction Disorder.Hindustan Times.2006 November 19. 4. Pew Internet and American life project 2003 , gaming technology and entertainment among college students. Online document; http //www.pew internet. Org/pdfs/pip college gaming reporta.pdf 5. Internet and Mobile Association Of India, Hindustan Times,2007 October 18. 6. Ko CH,Yen,J J Chen.Proposed diagnostic criteria of internet addiction for adolescents. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases.2005.193,728-733. 7. Wieland M Daine, How internet addiction is Affecting lives;Perspectives in psychiatric care,2007 November 12. 8. Sharma Manoj, Internet Addiction, Hindustan Times 2007July 1. 9. Wo Oh, Factors influencing internet addiction tendency among middle school students, Taehan Kanho hakhoe Chi,2003 December 33 (8) 1135-44 10. C C Chen and F C Yen, Tridimentional personality of adolescents with internet addiction and substance use experience, Journal of Psychiatry.2006 December; 51(14)-887-94. 11. CH Ko and J Y Ken et al, Factors predictive for incidence and remission of internet addiction in young adolescents, journal of cyber psychology ,2007 august :10 (4); 545-51. 12. Deng YX, Ho m et al. prevalence of internet addiction in middle school students; epidemiology of health and statistics. 2007. 13. J H Yoo, J S Kim. Attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms and internet addiction. Journal of clinical psychology.2004.October:58(5)487-94. 14. H J Lee, M Baity and K C Yang, SCL-90-R and 16PF profiles of senior high school students excessive internet use. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry.2005June; 50(7): 407-14. 15. Archana Preet Anand and K Nalwa, Internet Addiction in students; A cause of concern Cyber psychology and behavior, 2003 December. 6(6); 653-56.

9. 10. 11.

SIGNATURE OF THE CANDIDATE REMARKS OF THE GUIDE NAME AND DESIGNATION OF 11.1 GUIDE

APPROPRIATE , FEASIBLE TO CONDUCT THE STUDY

MRS. MALLIKA ASITH DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHIATRIC NURSING DR. M.V. SHETTY INSTITUTE OF HEALTH SCIENCES MANGALORE

11.2 SIGNATURE

11.3 HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT

MRS. MALLIKA ASITH DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHIATRIC NURSING DR. M.V. SHETTY INSTITUTE OF HEALTH SCIENCES MANGALORE

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11.4 SIGNATURE 12.1 REMARKS OF THE CHAIRMAN AND PRINCIPAL 12.2 SIGNATURE

RECOMMENDED

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