Transmissibility Units

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Transmissibility Units
The Eclipse units conventions
Eclipse offers three units conventions, all of which are supported by TransGen. The dimensions of the relevant properties used in Eclipse are shown in table below. The SI units of these quantities are also shown since they are useful for performing units conversion exercises (See Conversion of TransGen output for input to other simulators).

Inclusion of the units convention in TransGen is unchanged from version 2 and the TransGen TGDATA file must contain one of the keywords: METRIC, LAB or FIELD on a single line in the TGDATA file, or may include the keyword UNITS followed by the selection enclosed in single quotes. UNITS 'FIELD' / or FIELD may both be used to set the units of a TransGen run.

The TransGen TGMETRIC keyword The TGMETRIC keyword has been introduced in version 3 (See Section 5). If activated, the keyword converts fault displacement and all FSP measures to metric units. The purpose of the keyword is to allow constants relating to displacement and FSP measures defined in plugins to
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be units-independent. This was not a large issue in TransGen version 2, since the only FSP calculated in that version (SGR) is dimensionless. In general, however, FSPs are not dimensionless.

The TransGen TGMETRIC keyword

The TGMETRIC keyword has been introduced in version 3. If activated (default setting), the keyword converts fault displacement and all FSP measures to metric units. The purpose of the keyword is to allow constants relating to displacement and FSP measures defined in plugins to be units-independent. This was not a large issue in TransGen version 2, since the only FSP calculated in that version (SGR) is dimensionless. In general, however, FSPs are not dimensionless. TGMETRIC is always activated in TGDATA files generated by WizGen Light; hence the CSP cutoff is always in metres. Selection or otherwise of TGMETRIC does not influence the transmissibility calculation in TransGen: dimensions of fault rock thickness are always converted back to the specified units system before transmissibilities are calculated.

Conversion of TransGen output for input to other simulators

At present, TransGen deals exclusively with Eclipse format input and output files. A full conversion of TransGen output to other simulators is not envisaged. However, there is a possibility of introducing a TransGen keyword (and a corresponding selection button in WizGen) for modifying the format of TransGen output according to which simulator the input is prepared for. As well as the specific format and keyword names, an important part of the conversion is ensuring that the units of transmissibility are correct. Below is a summary of:(a) why different simulators can have different transmissibility units even if they use the same units conventions elsewhere (e.g. Eclipse and MORE) (b) tables of conversion factors for converting transmissibility from one units convention to another. Darcy's law is:-

A flow simulator simplifies the equation by solving:-

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Equating (1) and (2) defined transmissibility as:-

However solving Equation (2) directly gives:-

Owing to the use of engineering units in most simulators (see Table below), the units of transmissibility calculated from Equations (3) and (4) are different. For example, in Eclipse METRIC units:-

while solving:-

Different simulators can use either Equation 3 or Equation 4 as their basis for defining the units of transmissibility. Eclipse uses Equation 4. The MORE simulator from ROXAR has exactly the same basic units in its metric convention, but uses Equation 3 rather than Equation 4 as the basis for defining the units of transmissibility. Transmissibilities output by a TransGen run set to METRIC must be multiplied by a conversion factor (in this case 117.2771) for inclusion in the MORE simulator. The following Tables provide lists of units conversion that may be useful in converting TransGen output to the input of other simulators.

Conversions from Eclipse units to SI units

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Conversion factors between TransGen transmissibility output and the transmissibility units of different simulators

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