Table of Contents

A. Introduction A.1 Background of the Study A.2 Objective of the Study A.2 Scope of the Study A.3 Methodology A.4 Limitations of the Study

1. Clothing and Design

1.1. Psychological and Social influences of Clothing 1.1.1. Psychological Influences of clothing 1.1.2. Social Influences of Clothing 1.2. Clothing as a communicator of Culture 1.3. Design 1.3.1. Structural Design 1.3.2. Decorative Design 1.4. Elements of Design

1 1 1 1 4 5 7 7 8

2. Fabric Selection
2.1. General Considerations of Fabrics for Apparel Manufacturing

10 10

2.1.1. Physical Properties of Fabrics 2.1.2. Physical Characteristics of Fabrics 2.1.2.1. Style Characteristics 2.1.2.2. Utility Characteristics 2.1.2.3. Durability Characteristics 2.1.2.4. Product Production Working Characteristics 2.2. Fabric Identification for Garment 2.2.1. Overview 2.2.2. Fabric Samples 2.2.3. Fabric Specifications 2.2.4. Fabric Certification 2.2.5. Lead times and Minimums 2.2.6. Fabric Put-up 2.3. Apparel Fabrics for Women and Children 2.3.1. Overview 2.3.2. Womens Skirts 2.3.3. Womens Sweaters 2.3.4. Blouses 2.3.5. Coats and Suits 2.3.6. Selection of Under Garments 2.3.7. Sleep Wear 2.3.8. Hosiery 2.4. Apparel Fabrics for Mens and Boys Wear 2.4.1. Shirts 2.4.2. Sweaters 2.4.3. Underwear 2.4.4. Hosiery

10 11 11 12 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 15 15 15 15 15 16 16 16 17 17 17 18 18 19 19 20

2.4.5. Sleepwear 2.5. Common Fabrics used in Garment Manufacturing 2.5.1. Calico 2.5.2. Cotton Lawn 2.5.3. Cotton Muslin 2.5.4. Sheeting/percale 2.5.5. Poplin 2.5.6. Taffeta 2.5.7. Drill 2.5.8. Denium 2.5.9. Gabardine 2.5.10. Tweed 2.5.11. Sateen/Satin

20 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 22 22 22 22

3. Garment Manufacturing
3.1. Introduction 3.1.1. Pattern Making 3.1.2. The Block Pattern 3.1.3. The Garment Pattern 3.2. Computerized Pattern Making 3.3. Pattern Grading 3.4. Making the Marker 2.5. Cutting

23 23 24 24 24 24 25 25 26

4. Fusing and Sewing Technology

4.1. Fusing Technology 4.1.1. The Requirements of Fusing 4.1.2. Fusing Process 4.1.3. Properties of Fused Laminates 4.1.4. Fusing Equipments 4.1.5. Methods of Fusing 4.2. Sewing Technology 4.2.1. Stitches and Seams 4.2.2. Sewing Machines and Equipments

32 32 32 32 34 34 36 37 37 44

5. Pressing and Finishing

5.1. The Principles of Pressing 5.1.1. Classification of Pressing 5.1.2. Components of Pressing 5.1.3. Types of Machineries and Equipments 5.2. Finishing 5.2.1. Garment Trimmings 5.2.1.1. Linings 5.2.1.2. Secondary Trimmings

46 46 46 47 48 50 50 50 52

6. Garment Inspection and Types of Defects

6.1. Garment Inspection 6.1.1. What is Garment Inspection? 55 55

6.1.2. Raw material Inspection 6.1.3. In-Process Inspection 6.1.4. Final Inspection 6.2. Types of Garment Defects 6.2.1. Types of Garment Defects 6.2.2. Source and types of Fabric Defects 6.2.3. Types of Garment Defects 6.2.4. Methods of Controlling Garment Defects

55 58 58 59 59 61 64 66

7. Care and Care labeling of Apparel

7.1. General Information 7.2. Fabric Care 7.3. Refreshing 7.4. The Five Basic Symbols 7.5. Packing of Garments

70 70 70 71 73 80