Flow Control Applications

Selection of valves and control equipment

Flow Control Considerations

Flow range Turndown required Minimum allowable pressure drop Maximum pressure differential Maximum allowable noise level Above or below grade application Customer interface (RTU, existing I/P) Failure position Always requires a positioner (HPP or EFP) Avoid over-sizing the control valve Less number valves is always desirable and most cost effective

Situations to avoid
Multiple valve configurations 1 valve is always best High turndown situations require high turndown valve Design flow vs. realistic flow Design flow may not ever be achieved resulting in oversized valve Valve opening less than 10% at minimum flow condition Constant cycling will occur than cannot be tuned out High noise levels Caused when high flow and high differential exist Constant bleed positioners

Valve Selection
Rotary Valves Ball valves (T-Ball) Segmented ball valves (Paramax) Reciprocating Valves Globe valves (CVET & 41005)
Kwik-Change Cage provide variable flow characteristics and available noise attenuation Pressure ratings from 150 to 1500 ANSI Top entry design facilitates maintenance and allows valve to be ser-

Internal components are interchangeable

End Connections Available: RFFE RTJ Screwed End Weld-End

Sizes Available from 1 bore to 8 bore

T-Ball Comparison
Pros High capacity Minimum pressure drop (<1 psi) High turndown up to 300:1 Full port design T0 & T1 models have two seats T2 can attenuate up to 15 dBA Can be used for below grade applications Rugged Minimal maintenance Debris friendly Wide range of sizes Cons Pricey Maintenance can be complicated when needed, i.e. seat or stem seal replacement Delivery can be long for nonstandard materials

Paramax Comparison
Pros Cost effective High capacity Excellent low flow controllability High turndown (100:1) Minimum pressure drop (<1 psi) Minimal maintenance Maintenance is simple Quick delivery Cons Only available up to 300 ANSI Single seated Noise attenuating trim not available Cannot be buried

Globe Valve Comparison

Pros Cost effective Top entry design allows for easy maintenance Simple construction with minimum parts Noise attenuating trim up to 25 dBA reduction Most widely known as a control valve Quick delivery Cons Single seated Cannot be buried Limited capacity Minimum 5 psi pressure differential Low turndown (35:1) Soft seat requires periodic replacement especially when debris is present

Valve Sizing & Selection Process

Review flow & Pressure conditions Below grade No Dp < 5 psi No High flow rate No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Use T0 ball valve sizing program with conditions given BpeSize 2.3

Alt

Use T1, T2 ball Valve sizing program With conditions given T-Ball 3.5.1

Use Globe valve Sizing program GlobeSize 4.0

Alt

Consult factory for Paramax sizing

Case 1 Max Cv: Max flow & Min Dp

Case 2 Min Cv: Min flow & Max Dp

Case 3 Max Noise: Max flow & Max Dp

Next slide

Ball Valve Selection Process

Is T0 < 1% open in Case 2 No Noise too high In Case 3 No Selection & Sizing Complete T0 is proper valve

Yes

Yes

Resize with T1 using T-Ball sizing program

Is valve < 10 deg open in Case 2 Yes

No

Noise too high In Case 3

No

Yes

Selection & Sizing Complete T1 is proper valve

Change valve model To T2 in T-Ball Sizing program Globe Valve required

Is valve < 10 deg open in Case 2

No

Noise too high In Case 3

No

Yes Yes Use diffuser or Silencer w/ valve

Selection & Sizing Complete T2 is proper valve

Globe Valve Selection Process

Does valve meet max Cv in Case 1 Yes No Use ball valve for application or multiple runs

Is valve > 10% open in Case 2

No

Consult factory for alternatives

Yes

Selection complete Globe valve properly Sized and configured

Required Noise levels met In Case 3

No Use1-stage or 2-stage Noise trim

Typical Flow Control Valve

Most common flow control valve is configured as follows: Model T0 T-Ball Full Port Ball Valve, RFFE RPDA Series Double-Acting Actuator EFP-2 Electro-Pneumatic Positioner MCV-3 Manual Control Valve FD-1 Gas Supply System T-1F ball valve with same components 2nd most common configuration

Schematic

Optional Equipment
Pressure control override (VRP pilot) High pressure shutdown (Pressure sensor or Gap controller) Failsafe overrides (power gas loss, electrical signal loss, electrical power loss)

Example Flow Control Application:

Customer: Location: Sizing: Panhandle Eastern Pipe Line Indianapolis, IN 6 T-1F 8 T-1F Fisher EWT globe valves 3 globe valves runs required to maximum flow rate. Noise is an issue. Below grade not an option.

Competition: Note:

Example Flow Control Application:

Single flow control valve with 8 Becker model T-1F with RPDA actuator and EFP-2 electro-pneumatic positioner if high flow, high differential condition does not exist Dual run flow control valves with 6 Becker model T-1F with RPDA actuator and EFP-2 electro-pneumatic positioner if all flow and pressure conditions exist External diffuser offered to meet low noise requirement EFP is non-bleeding positioner Less valves provides a more cost effective approach up front Non-bleeding positioner provides lower operating cost in future

Flow Control Valve Instrumentation

Pneumatic Positioners Electro-Pneumatic Positioners

HPP-4 Double-Acting Pneumatic Positioner

Positioner used with RPDA & SYDA actuators 3-15 psig or 6-30 psig input signal Seat & Nozzle constant bleed design Ideal for downstream bleed applications < 300 psig psi signal accuracy Used on 2 42 valve sizes All materials 100% natural gas compatible Simple adjustment

HPP-5 Double-Acting Pneumatic Positioner

Positioner used with RPDA & SYDA actuators 3-15 psig or 6-30 psig input signal Balanced valve design offers near zero atmospheric bleed Can bleed to a pressure system < 300 psig psi signal accuracy Used on 2 12 valve sizes All materials 100% natural gas compatible

HPP-SB Single-Acting Pneumatic Positioner

Positioner used with RPSR & SYSR actuators ZERO atmospheric bleed 1.5 Cv highest capacity pneumatic positioner available Can bleed to a pressure system < 300 psig psi signal accuracy Used on 2 16 valve sizes All materials 100% natural gas compatible Simple adjustment

EFP Electro-Pneumatic Positioner

4-20 mA electronic control Requires 24 V D.C. power supply Positioner used with all actuators Used with all types and sizes of control valves ZERO atmospheric bleed Explosion proof, NEMA 4X housing available Can bleed to a pressure system < 250 psig 0.1 2% dead band range Cycle counter for solenoid replacement Manual override electronic & pneumatic Selectable failure mode open, closed, or last on loss of signal No adjustment required