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OUTCOME
Identify The
assessment
Who
assessment
When The
WHAT IS HAZARD?
the
WHAT IS HAZARD?
the potential of a substance, activity or process to cause harm. Hazards take many forms including, for example, chemicals, electricity and the use of a ladder. A hazard can be ranked relative to other hazards or to
WHAT IS RISK?
A risk is the likelihood of a substance, activity or process to cause harm. Risk (or, strictly, the level of risk) is also linked to the severity of its consequences. A risk can be reduced and the hazard controlled by good management. (Hughes and Ferrett, 2008. pp 71)
to measure the risk by relating the probability of the risk occurring to the possible severity of the outcome
Risk indicated in numerical value used in situations where a malfunction could be very serious (e.g. aircraft design and maintenance
based on personal judgement and define in time table Risk indicated in low(months), medium(weeks) and high(days or no actions required)
identify the significant risks and ignore the trivial ones. identify and prioritise the measures required to comply with any relevant statutory provisions remain appropriate to the nature of the work and valid over a reasonable period of time. identify the risk arising or in connection with the work. The level of detail should be proportionate to the risk.
Normally, employers and self-employed people are responsible for assessing the risks.
Except for self-employed person who under the Display Screen Regulations; they don't have to undertake an analysis of workstations.
WHEN TO ASSESS?
Before begin any new work. Or; carry out in certain stage (e.g. Noise at Work Regulations, when noise of workplace is at or exceeds a certain level ) When task change; equipment, timing, location, person when review on regular basis is require
The process of risk assessment can be divided by five steps: 1. Divide your work into manageable categories 2. Look for the hazards 3. Evaluate the risks 4. Prepare a plan for controlling the risks 5. Review and revise the assessment
hazard identification persons at risk evaluation of risk level risk controls (existing and additional) record of risk assessment findings monitoring and review
stages in the production process, e.g. handling raw materials, machining, assembling, finishing, etc.
scaffolding etc.
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
How? A tour of the area under consideration by the risk assessment team e.g. safety inspection, survey
A review of accident, incident and ill-health records Other information: job or task analysis reports, manufacturers handbooks or data sheets
ACCIDENT CATEGORIES
Comment accident on construction site:
PERSONS AT RISK
Employer Employee
work on site
Third
general public
RISK EVALUATION
SEVERITY x LIKELIHOOD = RISK
SEVERITY
the hazard
LIKELIHOOD
of the hazard
Likelihood of occurrence Harm is certain or near certain to occur Harm will often occur Harm will seldom occur
Severity of harm Death or major injury 3-day injury or illness All other injuries or illnesses Thus: 69 High risk 34 Medium risk 12 Low risk
EXAMPLE OF CALCULATION
Source: HSE(2004)
RISK CONTROL
Hierarchy of options:
1. Elimination (e.g. buying ready cut material rather than using a circular saw). 2. Substitution with something less hazardous 3. Enclosure (e.g. fitting a sound absorbing enclosure around noisy plant). 4. Guarding and/or segregation (e.g. erecting
HIERARCHY OF OPTIONS:
5. Safe systems of work that reduce the risk to an acceptable level. 6.Written procedures that are known and understood by
those affected.
7. Adequate supervision. 8. Training 9. Information and instruction (e.g. signs and written guidance).
Source: HSE(2004)
recalculate
Compare
REFERENCE
BSI British Standards(2008)Guide to achieving effective occupational health and safety performance. BS 18004:2008
HVAC(2005) Risk management Manual. Heating and Ventilating Contractors Association Publications Department.