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BRKAGG-2012
Presentation_ID
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Abstract
The Cisco Context Aware Mobility solution (which includes location-based services) is an important advanced service that can be provided with the Cisco g unified WLAN network. This session focuses on design and deployment fundamentals, as well as operational best practices to optimize the performance and accuracy when tracking wireless devices (tags and wireless clients) using the Cisco Context-Aware Mobility solution.
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Agenda
Overview - Principles of Context-Aware Mobility Solution Technology Background System Architecture Network for Context Aware: Planning and Setup Validation And Improvements Of Context Aware Network Final Checklist
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Technology Background
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Terminology
Mobility Services Engine (MSE): appliance designed as an open platform that supports multiple mobility services as software applications Network Mobility Services Protocol (NMSP): Cisco-defined protocol t l used df for secure communication i ti b between t WLC MSE Clients: all endpoint devices that connect/associated through wireless network Rogue AP: any access point that is determined not to be part of the wireless LAN mobility group that detected it Rogue clients: all devices that are associated to rogue access points. Active RFID tags: Wi-Fi device that can be detected and located on Wi-Fi Wi Fi network t k
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Physical placement of TDoA receivers must be non-colinear O Operates t well ll i in multipath lti th and d hi high-ceiling h ili environments
Possible to achieve high g accuracy y( (35m) ) even in difficult, , industrial environments
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client: tag:
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System Architecture
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DB
NMSP Module
Common
CLI
Common Services
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Context-Aware Software
MSE
Si
Si
802.11 Clients
Indoor Environment
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Netw work
Tracking clients (indoor) Context aware engine for clients (Cisco engine) Utilizes LWAPP infrastructure Managed by Cisco WCS
AeroScout
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WCS
Cisco WCS PLUS with Cisco WCS PLUS with location location Client client tracking license with appropriate client count Client tag tracking license with appropriate client count (TDoA or RSSI) TDoA location receivers (if and when required) q ) LR license for each TDoA receiver
MSE License
Additional Components
None
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Location API via SOAP/XML over HTTPS Cisco Mobility Services Engine (MSE)
NMSP
Access Point
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Th The greater t the th number b of f element l t transitions t iti per minute, i t th the greater the amount of disk space that will be consumed Cisco recommends changing the history parameter for devices that are moving frequently to a value less than 30 days
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Number Of Rows In History Table After 1 Day 144,000 288 000 288,000 432,000 576,000 720,000 864,000 1 008 000 1,008,000 1,152,000 , , 1,296,000 1,440,000
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Days to Hit 10 Million Rows 69.44 34 72 34.72 23.15 17.36 13.89 11.57 9 92 9.92 8.68 7.75 7.14
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OUTDOOR + Tags
(TDOA)
BASELINE ASSUMPTIONS:
Pervasive Cisco Unified Wireless Network (RSSI) Controller Based Architecture (RSSI) Wi-Fi TDOA Receivers (TDOA) WCS Software
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Port Number 1315 21 69 80 443 8456 8457 123 1299 169 8009
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APs should preferably be positioned along and within the perimeter of an enclosed area APs should be distributed evenly, i.e., APs should be relatively equadistant from each other Ph Physical i l placement l t of f APs AP should h ld b be non-colineareven li when h placed l d at t equal distances from each other Geometric shapes formed by the distribution of APs affect accuracy
Equilateral triangles placement will yield better accuracy than APs that form an obtuse triangle Square deployment placement yields better results than APs that form rectangles
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AP Placement Examples
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AP Placement Examples
Wi-Fi device
Wi-Fi device
Proper AP placement and coverage for location staggered AP placement with perimeter coverage
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MSE Start/Status/Stop
For managing Context Aware Engine for Clients Start command: /etc/init.d/msed start Status command: /etc/init.d/msed status Stop command: /etc/init.d/msed stop Restart command: /etc/init.d/msed /etc/init d/msed restart
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------------Services ------------Service Name: Context Aware Service Service Version: 6.0.42.0 Admin Status: Enabled Operation Status: Up
Service Name: Wireless Intrusion Protection Service Service Version: 1.0.1103.0 Admin Status: Enabled Operation Status: Up
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Install Date: Tue 25 Nov 2008 05:46:17 PM PST G Group Size : Applications/System A li ti /S t : 249409173
Signature : (none) Summary Description : AeroScout computation engine [root@MSE ~]# : Build
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Good for periphery of buildings to improve location accuracy without ih adding ddi extra traffic ffi that h may i impact voice or client services Ensure that channels on LOMM APs AP s are configured to be the same as the local mode APs
Controller CLI for changing monitor mode channels
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Balance AP p placement to optimize p for voice coverage g and location accuracy For location, 3 APs placed in 3 out of 4 quadrants within 4070 ft. f of f all locations within the convex hull of f APs to meet 90%/10m accuracy without detailed calibration
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Local + LOMM ( (Location Optimized p Monitor Mode): ) q quadrantbased deployment inside coverage area for voice/location coverage plus APs evenly placed around the perimeter Leverage new location deployment tools introduced in location appliance 4.0 software release :
Location optimized monitor mode Site survey and interpolated heat maps Location accuracy tool
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Local mode AP placement and density may be sufficient for data/voice applications Use LOMM APs to fill in coverage gaps
Wi-Fi device
Local LOMM Local
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Step 1:
Create Rails and Regions g Using g Map Editor
Step 2:
Synchronize (Pass Rails and Regions g Points to Location Appliance)
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Example p of: Inclusion Region Exclusion Region Rail (prompt for specifying Exclusion Region around line)
For Adding F Addi Location L ti F Adding For Addi Location L ti Inclusion Region Exclusion Region
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User can choose either method after selecting the floor to run the accuracy test.
All th these t tests t on the th same floor fl
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Scheduled Accuracy
Run on active environment (live network) Preposition clients and tags and schedule the test Uses actual location of an element vs. measured location User can modify f the test by:
Adding/deleting elements Changing positions Changing the schedules
Test can be run as a scheduled task and generate alarms if falls b l below certain t i range of f accuracy
Should be retested periodically as RF environment may change, impacting location accuracy
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Wired Location
Users configure location data using Switch CLIs MSE provides the functionality to gather and maintain CIVIC location information for Switches and Switch ports WCS configures MSE with the list of Switches Switch and MSE communicate/sync with each other for location information using NMSP requests/responses. Switches notify wired client association/dis-association events to MSE MSE also tracks location history y of the wired clients MSE provides the APIs to search/track a client across wired and wireless categories Switches S it h supported t d - Catalyst C t l t 3750, 3750 3750E 3750E, 3560 3560, 3560E 3560E, 2960
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Major Interfaces
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Location Data
Formats
CIVIC Address (RFC 4776 / RFC 5139) GEO CISCO
Tracking
Current association and location History of associations and dis-associations
Searching S hi
Extensions to search across wired and wireless categories based on MAC Address, IP Address, 802.1x user name
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<= 70 <= 70
<= 70
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NMSP Overview
NMSP Network Mobility Service Protocol introduced in software v4.1 as LOCP and renamed to NMSP in 4.2 replaced SNMP as protocol between WLC and location appliance WLC C sends NMSP S message to MSE S either of f these conditions:
new client joins more than 5 dB change in the RSSI value
WLC uses NMSP messages to update MSE when device leaves the system WLC v5.0 1 NMSP connection per controller WLC v5.1 10 NMSP connections per controller
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Time Synchronization/Configuration
possible symptom of clock discrepancy between WLC and MSE: cant establish NMSP connection after adding MSE to the system suggested course of action:
Use NTP server ser er for s synchronizing nchroni ing clocks (recommended) Manual configuration (controller time should be ahead of time on MSE)
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==============================
MAC address and key hash for authenticating NMSP session between MSE and WLC
WLC
(Cisco controller) >config auth auth-list list add lbs lbs-ssc ssc <MSE Ethernet MAC> <MSE key hash>
Note: WCS template for adding MSE should create association between MSE and WLC automatically. Manual process should not be required.
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LocServer IP -------------172.20.224.17
TxEchoResp ----------18006
RxEchoReq
TxData
--------18006
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<snip>
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NMSP Monitoring UI
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If the RFID tag detection is not enabled, enable it using the following command
config rfid status enable
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If tag is seen by the controller but not seen in WCS, see if NMSP notifications are being sent to MSE
debug rfid nmsp enable
RSSI cutoff: MSE will retain the 4 highest signal strength values plus any signal strength reports that meet or exceed the RSSI cutoff value. Default = -75 dBm
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----------------- -------- ------------------ ------ --------------------00:04:f1:00:04:ea Wherenet sjc14-42b-ap4 00:04:f1:00:04:eb Wherenet sjc14-42b-ap4 sjc14 42b ap4 00:0c:cc:5b:fc:54 Aerosct 00:0c:cc:5b:fe:29 Aerosct sjc14-31b-ap9 sjc14-31b-ap2 -69 -75 75 -87 -92 52 seconds ago 27 seconds ago 63 seconds ago 22 seconds ago
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RFID address..................................... 00:0c:cc:5b:fe:29 Vendor........................................... Aerosct Last Heard....................................... 4 seconds ago P k t Received................................. Packets R i d 561211 Bytes Received................................... 16836330 Detected Polling Interval........................ 14 seconds Bluesoft Type.................................... TYPE_NORMAL Battery Status................................... MEDIUM Nearby AP Statistics: sjc14-41b-ap8(slot 0, chan 6) 3 seconds.... -88 dBm
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Verify that the RSSI timeouts for client are set to the default values
show advanced location summary
If RSSI values are different from the default values, set them to default using the following config commands
config advanced location expiry client <seconds> config advanced location rssi-half-life client <seconds>
Enable the load-balancing debugs which will show which APs heard the client and with what RSSI
debug mac addr <client mac> debug dot11 load-balancing load balancing enable
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<snip>
AP Name
Status
00:02:8a:ea:55:15 sjc14-12b-ap5 No
Associated
Yes
802.11b
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Final Checklist
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Deployment Checklist
Follow proper AP placement guidelines (location and density) Configure NTP server on both WLC and MSE or manually synchronize both the devices (and preferably WCS) with the correct time and time zone.
Note: controllers use GMT(UTC) time with correct time zone to derive local time. Consequently, time needs to be entered in UTC and the correct time zone specified specified.
Specify which controllers should talk to which MSE using the WCS MSE Synchronization page Check that certificates are exchanged correctly Check ec t the e NMSP S co connection ect o status o on t the e co controller to e C Ensure that tracking is enabled for the right devices Ensure that the maps and AP positions are synchronized between the WCS and MSE Ensure that location calculations are taking place either on the tracking page or the MSE console using getserverinfo command For Clients Verify tracking is enabled on MSE Verify V if clients li t are d detected t t db by controller t ll Max calculation time taken into account For Tags Verify tracking is enabled on MSE Verify tags are detected by controller Max calculation time taken into account
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(2) Quad-Core Intel Xeon Processors 2.33 GHz 8-GB PC2-5300 ( (4 x 2 GB) )
(2) Fixed 247-GB Serial ATA-150 / SATA- (2) Hot-swapable 137-GB SAS-300 MBps 300 MBps drives Available with Cisco MSE Software Available with Cisco MSE Software R l Release 5 5.2.xxx 2 or l later. t R l Release 5 5.1.xxx 1 or l later. t Requires WLC software version 4.2.130 or later and WCS version 5.2 or later. Requires WLC software version 4.2.130 or later and WCS version 5.1 or later.
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Supports Context Aware for up to 2,000 tracked devices Supports Mobile Intelligent Roaming for up to 500 simultaneous registered devices
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Clients / T Tags g
2000
Y Y Y
0 1000 2000
1000
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18000
Y Y Y Y
0 1000 2000 3000
12000
6000
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5.2
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5.2
5.2.xxx or later
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Supported location technologies Supported location engines Max. number of tracked Wi-Fi devices Number of services supported
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2,500
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Recommended Reading
Cisco Wi Fi L Wi-Fi Location-Based ti B dS Services i 4 4.1 1D Design i G Guide id http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/solutions/Enterprise/Mobility/lbswifig_external.pdf Cisco 3350 Mobility Services Getting Started Guide Cisco Context Aware Software Configuration Guide Cisco MSE Deployment Guide
AeroScout Indoor Deployment Guide for Wi-Fi Access Points AeroScout Exciter Deployment Guidelines AeroScout Engine for Cisco Mobility Services Engine TDOA Deployment Guide htt // http://support.aeroscout.com t t
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Dont forget f to activate your Cisco Live Virtual account for access to all session material, communities, and on-demand and live activities throughout the h year. A Activate i your account at the h Cisco booth in the World of Solutions or visit www.ciscolive.com.
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