Doctorknow Application Paper: Ultraspec® Laser Alignment Basic Geometric Procedures

Emerson Process Management - CSI
DoctorKnow Application Paper

Title: Source/ Author: Product: Technology: Classification: UltraSpec Laser Alignment Basic Geometric Procedures Dan Nower Corrective Corrective Advanced
UltraSpec Laser Alignment Basic Geometric Procedures
The UltraSpec Laser Alignment system is a system designed to perform shaft alignment. However, because of its flexible design, it can be used for other applications. There are times where the capability of measuring the how perpendicular one line is to another is useful. By taking things one step further, measuring how parallel one line is with respect to another can be useful. The following are procedures that determine perpendicularity and parallelism.
Perpendicularity General
The idea here is to determine how perpendicular a line is with respect to another. First, the reference line has to be established with a laser beam by measuring the position at two locations. Then set a pentaprism as close as possible to the second location to bend the laser beam to a 90 reference angle. Next, new positions are measured at two locations along the second line. The difference between the line positions, divided by the distance between the locations for each line will give us an indication of the angle between the two lines.
Figure 1. Perpendicularity Measurement

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Procedure Refer to Figure 1 for details. 1. Mount the 8210 Laser heads each on a magnetic mount, Model 8AA50 and turn each sensor head on. 2. If communicating wireless, attach the Model 8000-I Infrared Communication adapter to the UltraSpec 8000 analyzer. If communicating via cables, attach the Model 800001 Direct Connect Adapter to the UltraSpec 8000 analyzer and the Model 800002 Direct Connect cables to the Sensor Head, then plug in the intermediate connectors. 3. Head A will be the stationary sensor head that will provide the reference laser beam, place it at one end of the reference line, opposite the pentaprism location. 4. Layout the measurement configuration by marking the four locations (L1, L2, L3, and L4). where measurements will be taken. Measure the dimension between these locations. Call the reference line dimension A and the relative line dimension B. 5. Record the dimensions (these are a face to face dimensions). Dimension A = Dimension B = 6. Place Head B at the farthest point of the reference line, location L2. 7. Use the adjustment wheels on Head A to center the laser beam in the Head B target at location L2. 8. Turn on the UltraSpec 8000 analyzer and enter the PROALIGN application. 9. Go to the LASER CONFIGURATION and toggle the selection so that Head A is on the left as shown below. 10. Activate the LASER STATUS screen as shown below on the right. All measurements will be read from the VERT field on the lower right of this screen. 11. To increase filtering, press <Up arrow> until the number to the lower right of the screen title is 220. This will provide a new value every second and be an average of 220 readings. 12. Insure that the HORZ reading from Head B is in the 10 mils range. Once this is set, readings can now begin. 13. Record the VERT reading from Head B mils (L2). Be sure to include the + or - sign. 14. Replace Head B with the Pentaprism fixture so that the laser beam from Head A is in the center of the pentaprism's entrance and it exits as a beam that will work as the relative line running from points L3 to L4. 15. Place Head B at L1 on the reference line. 16. Record the VERT reading from Head B mils (L1). 17. Place Head B at L4 on the relative line. Do not readjust the laser beam! If the beam is adjusted, the reference is lost and the procedure should be repeated. 18. Record the VERT reading from Head B mils (L4). 19. Place Head B at L3 on the relative line. 20. Record the VERT reading from Head B mils (L3). All readings are now complete. 1. Determine the slope of the reference line: Sloperef = (L2 - L1)/A 2. Determine the slope of the relative line: Sloperel = (L4 - L3)/B 3. Deviation from Perpendicular = Sloperef - Sloperel - is a closed angle (< 90) + is an open angle (> 90) Example Measured L1 = +10 mils A = 120 inches
Calculations
L2 = - 50 mils L3 = +28 mils B = 100 inches L4 = -21 mils Calculated Sloperef = (L2 - L1)/A = (-50-(+10))/120 = -0.50 mils/inch Sloperel = (L4 - L3)/B = (-21-(+28))/100 = -0.49 mils/inch Deviation from Perpendicular = Sloperef - Sloperel = -0.50 - (-0.49) = -0.01 mils/inch (closed )
Parallelism General
The idea here is to determine how parallel a line is with respect to another. Setup similar to the perpendicularity setup then determine parallelism of two or more reference lines. The difference between the line positions, divided by the distance between the locations for each line will give us an indication of the angle between the two or more lines.
Figure 2. Parallelism Measurement

Procedure Refer to Figure 2 for details. 1. Perform Steps 1 through 3 of the perpendicularity procedure. 2. Layout the measurement configuration by marking two locations for each line that parallelism will be checked. Multiple lines can be checked for parallelism using the same perpendicular reference line. For the sake of this procedure two lines will be discussed. These two lines are called Relative Line 1 and Relative Line 2 in Figure 2. 3. Measure distance between the locations on each relative line. Dimension A is on Relative line 1 and dimension B is on Relative line 2. 4. Record the dimensions (these are a face to face dimensions).
Dimension A = Dimension B = 5. Place Head B at the farthest point of the reference line, location L6. 6. Use the adjustment wheels on Head A to center the laser beam in the Head B target at location L6. 7. Repeat steps 8 through 12 of the perpendicularity procedures. 8. Replace Head B with the Pentaprism fixture so that the laser beam from Head A is in the center of the pentaprism's entrance and it exits as a beam that will work as the relative line running from points L1 to L2. Do not readjust the laser beam! If the beam is adjusted, the reference is lost and the procedure should be repeated. 9. Place Head B at L2 on Relative line 1. 10. Record the VERT reading from Head B mils (L2). 11. Place Head B at L1 on Relative line 1. 12. Record the VERT reading from Head B mils (L1). 13. Move the pentaprism to position L5. This is the position that will define Relative Line 2. Do not readjust the laser beam! If the beam is adjusted, the reference is lost and the procedure should be repeated. 14. Place Head B at L4 on the Relative line 2. 15. Record the VERT reading from Head B mils (L4). 16. Place Head B at L3 on Relative line 2. 17. Record the VERT reading from Head B mils (L3). All readings are now complete. 1. Determine the slope of the Relative Line #1: SlopeRel #1 = (L2 - L1)/A 2. Determine the slope of the Relative Line #2: SlopeRel #2 = (L4 - L3)/B 3. Deviation from Parallel = Slope Rel #1 - Slope Rel #2 (-) closed at points L2 and L4 (+) open at points L2 and L4 Example Measured L1 = +10 mils A = 120 inches L2 = - 50 mils L3 = +28 mils B = 100 inches L4 = -21 mils Calculated Slope Rel #1 = (L2 - L1)/A = (-50-(+10))/120 = -0.50 mils/inch Slope Rel #2 = (L4 - L3)/B = (-21-(+28))/100 = -0.49 mils/inch Deviation from Parallel = Slope Rel #1 - Slope Rel #2 = -0.50 - (-0.49) = -0.01 mils/inch (closed )
Calculations
Recommended Pentaprism
The best stock pentaprism that we can find is from ROLYN OPTICS COMPANY. The part number is 41.0700. The price quoted to us on May 28, 1998 is $1,365 in quantities of one. It is calibration grade quality, with an accuracy of 1 arc second. ROLYN OPTICS COMPANY can be contacted at:
Address 706 Arrowgrand Cir. Covina, CA 91722 Phone (626) 915-5707 FAX (626) 915-1379 All contents copyright 1998 - 2006, Computational Systems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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Emerson Process Management - CSI