Revised: 31/12/2011

INTI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

COURSE STRUCTURE COURSE: BIO121 PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY I, LAB (4 cr)

PREREQUISITE: None COURSE DESCRIPTION: This course, the first of a two-semester sequence of biology, introduces scientific philosophy and focuses on major biological concepts concerning molecular biology, cellular biology, cellular metabolic pathways of photosynthesis and respiration, cellular reproduction, classical and molecular genetics, and evolution. Laboratory work is included, demonstrating some of the principles covered in the lectures. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: The aims of this course are to enable students to: 1. Explain the basic biological concepts, principle of cellular life and principle of evolution. 2. Apply the principle of inheritance. 3. Acquire laboratory skills including proper handling and use of laboratory apparatus and materials. LEARNING OUTCOMES: Successful students will be able to: 1. Explain the chemical foundation of cells, carbon compounds in cells, as well as cell structure, function, and metabolism. 2. Explain photosynthesis pathways, aerobic and anaerobic routes of ATP formation, and alternative energy sources in human body. 3. Explain the mitosis and meiosis stages and highlight the similarities and differences between the two. 4. Apply Mendel's Theory of Segregation and Independent Assortment, and describe the chromosome structures and inheritance patterns in inherited traits. 5. Explain the underlying principles governing genes: DNA structure, DNA replication and repair, transcription and translation. 6. Explain manipulation of genomes, genomics, the production of genetically engineered plants and animals, and safety issues concerned. 7. Explain Charles Darwin's Theory of Evolution and discuss the process of evolution. 8. Carry out some procedures and techniques for practical investigations, interpret the results and draw conclusions by application of principles and theories, as well as write laboratory reports. COURSE FORMAT: Instructional/Lecture: 3 hr per week, Tutorial: 1 hr per week, Laboratory Work: 2 hr per week. [For short semester, Instructional/Lecture: 6 hr per week, Tutorial: 2 hr per week, Laboratory Work: 4 hr per week.] Total Student Learning Time (SLT) (L = Lecture; T = Tutorial; P = Practical; O = Others) : L 36 Face to Face T P 14 20 O 12 Guided & Independent Learning (hr) 89 Total Student Learning Time (hr) 171

STUDENT EVALUATION: Test 1: 15%, Test 2: 15%, Assignments/Quizzes/Student-centered Assessment: 20%, Laboratory Work: 10%. Final Examination: 40%. FINAL EXAMINATION FORMAT: Duration: 2 hours Section A (40 marks): Answer ALL the 20 multiple-choice questions. Section B (50 marks): Answer ALL the structured-type questions. Section C (10 marks): Answer any ONE out of TWO essay questions. GRADING SCALE: A+ (90-100), A (85-89), A (80-84), B+ (75-79), B (70-74), B (65-69), C+ (60-64), C (55-59), C (50-54), D+ (45-49), D (40-44), F (0-39).

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BASIC TEXT: Starr, C, Evers, CA, & Starr, L. Biology: Concepts and Applications. 8th ed., Brooks/Cole, 2010. REFERENCES: 1. Campbell, NA, Reece, JB, Taylor, MR, Simon, EJ, & Dickey, JL. Biology: Concepts and Connections. 6 th ed., Benjamin Cummings, 2009. 2. Raven, PH, Johnson, GB, Mason, KA, Losos, J & Singer, S. Biology. 8 th ed., McGraw Hill, 2008. 3. Brooker, RJ, Widmaier, EP, Graham, L & Stiling, P. Biology. 1 st ed., McGraw Hill, 2008. 4. Solomon, E, Berg, L & Martin, DW. Biology. 8 th ed., Brooks/Cole, 2008. 5. Mader, SS. Biology. 9th ed., McGraw Hill, 2008. CLASS SYLLABUS: Lecture(s) Topics 1&2 Invitation to Biology The science of nature. How living things are alike. How living things differ. Organizing information about species. The nature of science. Examples of biology experiments. Philosophy of science. 3&4 Life's Chemical Basis Start with Atoms. Why electrons matter. Why atoms interact. Waters life giving properties. Acids and bases. Molecules of Life The molecules of life from structure to function. Carbohydrates. Lipids. Proteins diversity in structure and function. The importance of protein structure. Nucleic acids. 5&6 Cell Structure What, exactly, is a cell? Membrane structure and function. Introducing bacteria and archaeans. Introducing eukaryotic cells. The nucleus. The endomembrane system. Mitochondria and plastids. The dynamic cytoskeleton. Cell surface specializations. A visual summary of eukaryotic cell components. 7&8 Ground Rules of Metabolism Energy and the world of life. Energy in the molecules of life. How enzymes work. Metabolism: organized, enzyme-mediated reactions. Movement of ions and molecules. Membrane-crossing mechanisms. Membrane trafficking. 9 & 10 Where It Starts Photosynthesis Sunlight as an energy source. Overview of photosynthesis. Light-dependent reactions. Light independent reactions: the sugar factory. Adaptations: carbon-fixing pathways. Test 1 11 & 12 How Cells Release Chemical Energy Extracting energy from carbohydrates. Glycolysis glucose breakdown starts. Second stage of aerobic respiration. Aerobic respiration's big energy payoff. Fermentation pathways. Alternative energy sources in the body. 13 & 14 DNA Structure and Function Eukaryotic chromosomes. The discovery of DNAs function. The discovery of DNAs structure. DNA replication and repair. 15 & 16 From DNA to Protein The nature of genetic information. Transcription. RNA and the genetic code. Translating the code: RNA to protein. Mutated genes and their protein products. 17 & 18 How Cells Reproduce Multiplication by division. Mitosis. Cytokinesis: division of cytoplasm. Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Meiosis halves the chromosome number. The process of meiosis. How meiosis introduces variations in traits. From gametes to offspring. 19 & 20 Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits Mendel, pea plants, and inheritance patterns. Mendels law of segregation. Mendel 's law of independent assortment. Beyond simple dominance. Complex variation in traits. Test 2 21 & 22 Human Inheritance Human genetic analysis. Autosomal inheritance patterns. X-linked inheritance patterns. Heritable changes in chromosome structure. Heritable changes in the chromosome number. 23 & 24 Biotechnology Cloning DNA. From haystacks to needles. DNA sequencing. Genomics. Genetic engineering. Designer plants. Biotech barnyards. Safety issues. 25& 26 Evidence of Evolution Early beliefs, confounding discoveries. A flurry of new theories. Darwin, Wallace, and natural selection. Fossils evidence of ancient life. Putting time into perspective. Drifting continents, changing seas. Similarities in body form and function. Similarities in patterns of development.
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Lecture(s) 27 & 28

Topics Processes of Evolution Individuals don't evolve, populations do. Patterns of natural selection. Directional selection. Stabilizing and disruptive selection. Fostering diversity. Genetic drift. Gene flow. Reproductive isolation. Allopatric speciation. Sympatric and parapatric speciation. Macroevolution. Final Examination

LABORATORY WORK: 1. Detecting Compounds Made By Living Organisms 2. The Microscope And Its Use 3. Diffusion And Osmosis 4. Enzymes 5. Photosynthesis Capture Of Light Energy 6. Respiration Fermentation In Yeast 7. Chromosomes In Cell Division And The DNA Which Forms It 8. Inheritance In Humans Genes And DNA 9. From Gene To Protein Transcription And Translation 10. From Darwin's Finches To Molecular Evidence Of Evolution

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