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1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 IN-SITU STRESS (GEOSTATIC STRESS)
Principle of Superposition
ON
PAVEMENT SYSTEMS
2.1 EQUATIONS
Stress Caused by a Point Load (Boussinesq, 1883)
2.2 SOLUTIONS
BY
CHARTS (FASTER
AND
AHLVIN, 1954)
Loaded shape: circular area with a radius a Assumes the half-space is incompressible ( = 0.5) Ahlvin and Ulery (1962) presented a series of equations and tables for 0.5. Poulos and Davis (1974) summarized various solutions (http://www.ce.ncsu.edu/usucger/PandD/PandD.htm).
Vertical stressz
Radial stressr
Tangential stress t
Shear stress rz
Vertical deflection w
3 LAYERED SYSTEMS
3.1 OVERVIEW
Basic Assumptions Each layer is homogeneous, isotropic, and linearly elastic. Material is weightless and infinite in areal extent. Each layer has a finite thickness h, but lowest layer is infinite in thickness. Uniform pressure q a circular area of radius a applied on the surface No friction on the interface Continuity conditions are satisfied at the interface.
Development 1943: Burmister developed the solutions for a two-layer system.. 1945: Burmister developed the solutions for a three-layer system. 1967: Huang applied to a multi-layer system.
VERTICAL STRESS
Function of pavement (AC)reduce the vertical stress on the subgrade criteria for the detrimental pavement deformation Vertical stress distribution in two-layered system under the center of a circular loaded area All the charts are for = 0.5.
Using the Shell deformation criterion and the AASHTO equation, Huang et al. (1984) developed:
3.1.1
3.1.2
3.1.3
Most cases, the critical tensile strain occurs under the center of the loaded area where shear stress is zero. But, if h1/a and E1/E2 are small the critical tensile strain occurs at some distance from the center.
4.2.1
METHOD:
AASHO
ROAD TEST)
EALF using Eq 6.20(a) considers pt and SN not consistent with theory pt or SN ------ EALF Disadvantage of this eqation EALF = f(SN) but, SN=f(layer thickness , EALF) Asphalt Institute AASHTO equivalent factor with pt=2.5 and SN=5 Table 6.4 (next page)
4.2.2
METHOD)
REFERENCES
, , , , 1998 , , , 2004 , , , , 1996 An Introduction to Geotechnical Engineering, Holtz and Kovacs, Prentice Hall, 1981. Highway Pavement Design, Lecture by Prof. Kim, North Carolina State University Pavement Analysis and Design, Huang, Prentice Hall, 2004 Pavement Engineering, Lecture by Prof. Choi, Korea University Principles of Geotechnical Engineering, Das, Thomson, 2006.