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LEGAL ARGUMENT
,rger0inger v. 2amlin ?4+7 5.S. 2%; e0ta=li0he0 that the right to the a00i0tance o. coun0el"
>hether retained or court aCCointed" i0 re@uired in all Cro0ecution0 >hich ma- re0ult in
imCri0onment" unle00 a comClete (aretta canva0 ha0 =een comCleted and the re@ue0t .or >aiving
coun0el i0 granted.
8hile there i0 a time and Clace" CerhaC0 .or 3rder0 .inding Summar- ContemCt under N!S
22.+3+...CerhaC0" the greate0t 0trength a Fudge can demon0trate i0 the a=ilit- to 0ho> a little >eaBne00"
to demon0trate 0omething other than ruling >ith an iron hand" to do 0omething other than cru0h an-
voice o. di00ent in hi0 court room liBe <iBe Singletar- ?.ormer line=acBer .or the Chicago Bear0 in
the 19$+A0; >ould cru0h a running =acB going through the D, gaCE. &o 0trangle out o. litigant0 the
.reedom to Gealou0l- adovocate on their o>n or anotherA0 =ehal. ?in the ca0e o. licen0ed attorne-0; i0
CerhaC0 the mo0t heinou0" 0ad" and ugl- thing a Fudge could do. , Fudge >hom demon0trate0 an
a=ilit- to over0ee that >hich maBe0 him le00 than com.orta=le in hi0 courtroom" that >hich he doe0
not nece00aril- agree >ith" i0 a Fudge 0ecure in hi0 a=ilitie0 and a>are o. the Cremium on re0traint and
Catience called .or in order .or a Fudge and court to tran0cend .rom mere de=t collector .or the Cit-
,ttorne- to imCartial ar=iter o. .act and la>. &o demon0trate other>i0e ma- create an atmo0Chere
>here court emClo-ee0 over0teC their =ound0 and =egin to =ull- and hara00 tho0e 0eeBing to acce00
Fu0tice" a true violation o. the tru0t in >hich the Cu=lic endo>0 0uch Cu=lic 0ervant0.
No>" aCCarentl-" 1nterim Court ,dmini0trator Ca00andra 4acB0on i0 0eeBing to imCart order0
uCon litigant0 carr-ing color o. la> =- emailing them >ith her interCretation o. >hat an 3rder
CurCort0 to re@uire" even >here that 3rder rule0 on matter0 =e-ond the Furi0diction o. the 4udge and
or Court maBing the 3rder. &hat i0 the ca0e here. <0. 4acB0on 0ent the under0igned an email on or
a=out 4anuar- 1+
th
" 2+12 that imCermi00i=l- 0eeB0 to imCo0e uCon a litigant" and an attorne-" a
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MOTION TO SET ASIDE ORDER AND NOTICE OF AEA! OF S"MMAR# CONTEMT ORDER$ a%& MOTION FOR REC"SA! OF '"D(E )O*ARD$
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re0triction that >ould violate the 14
th
,mendmentA0 E@ual /rotection cla00 and .urther maBe undul-
=urden0ome uCon the under0igned the right to .ile CaCer0 >ith the !eno <uniciCal Court. &he
under0igned 0hould not =e a00igned a di..erent 0et o. rule0 .or .iling document0 than the .ar =etter
.unded !eno Cit- ,ttorne-A0 3..ice i0.
!<C! !ule 3: ,uthoriGation to !eCre0ent ,ttorne-0 reCre0enting de.endant0 0hall
CromCtl- 0erve >ritten notice o. their aCCearance >ith the Cit- ,ttorne- and .ile the
0ame >ith the Court. ,n attorne- de0iring to >ithdra> .rom a ca0e 0hall .ile a motion
>ith the court and 0erve the Cit- ,ttorne- >ith the 0ame. &he court ma- rule on the
motion or 0et a hearing. !<C! !ule %: <otion0 =- (ac0imile ,. ,ll rule0 and
Crocedure0 that aCCl- to motion0 .iled in Cer0on at the court 0hall al0o aCCl- to motion0
.iled =- .ac0imile" e)ceCt a0 other>i0e 0Ceci.ied in thi0 rule. B. ,ll Cer0on0 are eligi=le
to u0e motion'=-'.ac0imile Crocedure0. C. ,ll motion0 .iled =- .ac0imile mu0t =e
accomCanied =- a cover 0heet >hich mu0t include the Cer0onH0 name" addre00" .a)
num=er and teleChone num=er. D. ,ll .ac0imile motion0 .iled =- an attorne- mu0t
include the attorne-A0 name" the .irmH0 name" addre00" .a) num=er and teleChone
num=er. 1n addition" the attorne-H0 0tate =ar num=er mu0t =e con0Cicuou0l- di0Cla-ed
on the cover 0heet. E. ,ll motion0 .iled =- .ac0imile mu0t =e accomCanied =- Croo. o.
0ervice.
8here0 De.endant >ent to great length0 to demon0trate to 4udge 2o>ard and the !<C that
he i0 indigent" he" aCCarentl-" i0 not Dallo>edE to =e 0o" 0o much 0o that thi0 Court >ent again0t the
Nevada Court o. 6imited 4uri0diction Bench BooB o. 2++$ and it0 2+1+ SuCClement in den-ing the
under0igned the hi0 Si)th ,mendment !ight &o Coun0el" 0et .orth e)Clicitl- in 0everal location0 in
the Bench BooB and mandator- authorit- in the 5nited State0. ,rger0inger v. 2amlin" ?4+7 5.S. 2%;.
Nevada N!C/ *+?=;?3; allo>0 a Cart- to move .or relie. .rom a Fudgment >hich i0 void" and
>hile motion0 made under N!C/ *+?=; are generall- re@uired to I=e made >ithin a rea0ona=le timeI
and to =e adFudicated according to the di0trict courtA0 di0cretion" thi0 i0 not true in the ca0e o. a void
Fudgment. Nece00aril- a motion under thi0 Cart o. the rule di..er0 marBedl- .rom motion0 under the
other clau0e0 o. !ule *+?=;. &here i0 no @ue0tion o. di0cretion on the Cart o. the court >hen a motion
i0 made under Jthi0 Cortion o. the !uleK. Nor i0 there an- re@uirement" a0 there u0uall- i0 >hen
de.ault Fudgment0 are attacBed under !ule *+?=;" that the moving Cart- 0ho> that he ha0 a
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meritoriou0 de.en0e. Either a Fudgment i0 void or it i0 valid. Determining >hich it i0 ma- >ell Cre0ent
a di..icult @ue0tion" =ut >hen that @ue0tion i0 re0olved" the court mu0t act accordingl-. B- the 0ame
toBen" there i0 no time limit on an attacB on a Fudgment a0 void. . . . JEKven the re@uirement that the
motion =e made >ithin a Irea0ona=le time"I >hich 0eem0 literall- to aCCl- . . . cannot =e en.orced
>ith regard to thi0 cla00 o. motion. 5nder0tanda=l-" the Cartie0 >ere not attuned to our recent 4aco=0
deci0ion during oral argument. ,ccordingl-" it >a0 determined at that time to allo> the Cartie0 to
0uCClement their =rie.0 in order to determine >ith certaint- >hether" in .act" no de.ault had =een
entered again0t :arcia Crior to the entr- o. the de.ault Fudgment. :arciaA0 0uCClemental material
0uCClied additional evidence that no de.ault >a0 ever entered" including an a..idavit =- ClarB Count-
Court ClerB 6oretta Bo>man atte0ting that no 0uch .iling e)i0t0 in the ca0e .ile. !e0Condent0 al0o
acBno>ledged that no de.ault >a0 ever entered =ut argue in their 0uCClemental =rie. that 4aco=0
0hould not =e aCClied retroactivel-" noting that the de.ault Fudgment at i00ue herein >a0 entered Crior
to our 4aco=0 deci0ion. &hi0 argument i0 >ithout merit. &he court in 4aco=0 determined" con0i0tent
>ith la> .rom other Furi0diction0" that the de.ault Fudgment entered in 4aco=0 >a0 void. 8e
accordingl- ordered the di0trict court to grant relie. .rom the void Fudgment" de0Cite the .act that the
ruling in 4aco=0 >a0" o. cour0e" Creceded =- entr- o. the de.ault Fudgment again0t 4aco=0. 1. thi0 ca0e"
rather than 4aco=0" >ere =e.ore u0 a0 a ca0e o. .ir0t imCre00ion" >e >ould have reached the 0ame
conclu0ion. , void Fudgment i0 void .or all CurCo0e0 and ma- not =e given li.e under a theor- =a0ed
uCon lacB o. legal Crecedent. :arcia v. 1deal SuCCl- Co." 11+ Nev. 493" $74 /.2d 7%2 ?Nev.
%L19L1994;. &he de.ective 0ervice rendered the di0trict courtA0 Cer0onal Furi0diction over :a00ett
invalid and the Fudgment again0t her void. (or a Fudgment to =e void" there mu0t =e a de.ect in the
courtA0 authorit- to enter Fudgment through either lacB o. Cer0onal Furi0diction or Furi0diction over
0u=Fect matter in the 0uit. /uChal v. /uChal" **9 /.2d 191 ?1daho 19$3;. 1n /rice v. Dunn" 1+* Nev.
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1++" 7$7 /.2d 7$% ?199+;. 8e no> hold that the .iling o. a motion to 0et a0ide a void Fudgment
Creviou0l- entered again0t the movant 0hall not con0titute a general aCCearance. See" e.g." Do=0on v.
Do=0on" 1+$ Nev. 34*" 349" $3+ /.2d 133*" 133$ ?1992;. Nonethele00" 0ince the order >a0 void" a
Fudgment =a0ed thereon >ould liBe>i0e =e void.. Nel0on v. Sierra Con0tr. CorC." 77 Nev. 334" 3*4
/.2d 4+2. 5nder N!C/ *+?=; a motion to 0et a0ide a void Fudgment i0 not re0tricted to the 0i) month0A
Ceriod 0Ceci.ied in the rule. N!C/ %4?a; Crovide0 that the >ord IFudgmentI a0 u0ed in the0e rule0
include0 an- order .rom >hich an aCCeal lie0. &here.ore there i0 no merit to aCCellant0A contention
that the motion to vacate the Fudgment >a0 not timel- made. (o0ter v. 6e>i0" 7$ Nev. 33+" 372 /.2d
*79 ?Nev. *L19L19*2;. , void Fudgment i0 0u=Fect to collateral attacB9 a Fudgment i0 void i. the
i00uing court lacBed Cer0onal Furi0diction or 0u=Fect matter Furi0diction9 See 49 C.4.S. 4udgment0 M
4+1" at 792 ?1947 N 0uCC. 1991;9 4* ,m.4ur.2d 4udgment0 MM *21'%* ?19*9 N 0uCC. 1991;.
4udge 2o>ard0 Decem=er 1*
th
" 2+11 3rder rule0 on matter0 out0ide 4udge 2o>ard0
Furi0diction and i0 there.ore void .or lacB o. Furi0diction. (urther" it i0 imCermi00i=le .or the !<CA0
Ca00andra 4acB0on to attemCt to re>rite !<C !ule0 ?and it i0 not clear >hethe 0he i0 doing thi0 on
her o>n accord or i. 0he ha0 =een in0tructed to do 0o a0 4udge :ardnerA0 ,dmini0trative ,00i0tant or
a0 the 1nterim Court ,dmini0trator" or in 0ome other caCacit-;. (urther" it i0 inaCCroCriate .or
4acB0on to =e coC-ing !eno Cit- ,ttorne- ?and ver- recent .ormer co>orBer o. !<CA0 4udge
:ardner; and !o=ert /uente0 ?>ho recentl- a0Bed to =e granted a <otion to 8ithdra> .rom
reCre0enting the under0igned =ecau0e doing 0o actuall- re@uired him to do 0ome legal >orB" and that
>a0 DhardE .or him; on her corre0Condence" >hich related to a .iling in a tra..ic citation .or >hich
<!. /uente0 ha0 a=0olutel- no connection and >here <r. 8ong had not -et made an aCCearance.
<r. 8ong did e)Cre00 a comClete lacB o. concern to the under0igned >hen it >a0 reCorted to him that
a !/D 3..icer" Chri0 Carter" had admitted to the under0igned that the oCCo0ing coun0el in !4C
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MOTION TO SET ASIDE ORDER AND NOTICE OF AEA! OF S"MMAR# CONTEMT ORDER$ a%& MOTION FOR REC"SA! OF '"D(E )O*ARD$
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!E#2+11'++17+$ 0ummar- eviction .rom a commercial tenanc- la> o..ice >here non Ca-ment o.
rent >a0 not alleged ?in violation o. N!S 4+.2%3A0 e)Cre00 dictate again0t 0uch action0; had Caid
mone- to !/D 3..icer Carter to arre0t the under0igned ?a =ri=e;. <r. 8ong indicated a comClete
lacB o. con0ternation in thi0 regard and e)Cre00ed that he intended to conduct Gero .ollo> uC >ith
re0Cect to that trou=ling =reach o. the Cu=lic tru0t" even though" a0 a !eno Cit- ,ttorne-" <r. 8ong
liBel- ha0 a dut- to do 0o and hi0 .ailure to >ill augur 0trongl- to>ard a .inding that the !eno Cit-
,ttorne- i0 lia=le .or an- !/D mi0conduct on a negligent hiring" training" and 0uCervi0ion claim and
that the !eno Cit- ,ttorne- i0 a>are o. and" in .act" rati.ie0 or endor0e0 0uch =ri=e taBing =- the !/D
.rom !ichard :. 2ill" E0@" oCCo0ing coun0el in that !4C eviction matter.
5nder .ederal la>" a0 >ell a0 the la> o. 0ome 0tate0" the mi0=ehavior that Cermit0 0ummar-
action mu0t in addition Cre0ent an imminent threat to the admini0tration o. Fu0tice9 it mu0t
immediatel- imCeril the Fudge in the Cer.ormance o. hi0 or her Fudicial dut- or con0titute an actual
o=0truction o. Fu0tice. 5.S. v. &urner" $12 (.2d 1%%2 ?11th Cir. 19$7; ?attorne-A0 Co0ing o. 0ingle
@ue0tion to >itne00 a=out race o. certain individual0" though in clear violation o. ver=al court order"
did not 0o o=0truct Fu0tice a0 to ena=le court to re0ort to 0ummar- Crocedure .or contemCt under
(ederal !ule o. Criminal /rocedure 42?=;;9 1n re 2ollo>a-" 99% (.2d 1+$+ ?D.C. Cir. 1993; ?attorne-
Cur0ued line0 o. @ue0tioning ruled out =- Fudge;.8itne00A0 re.u0al to an0>er @ue0tion0 the court
order0 him to an0>er i0 contumaciou0 conduct >hich ma- 0u=Fect >itne00 to 0ummar- Cuni0hment
.or criminal contemCt under Direct contemCt Fu0ti.-ing 0ummar- di0Co0ition i0 con.ined to
e)ceCtional circum0tance0 involving act0 threatening the Fudge" di0ruCting the hearing" or o=0tructing
court Croceeding0. !ule 42. 1n re Bo-den" *7% (.2d *43 ?%th Cir. 19$2;. Becau0e 0ummar- contemCt
Crocedure .ill0 a need .or the immediate Cenal vindication o. the dignit- o. the court" it0 aCClication i0
con.ined to unu0ual 0ituation0 >here the courtA0 in0tant action i0 nece00ar- to Crotect the Fudicial
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MOTION TO SET ASIDE ORDER AND NOTICE OF AEA! OF S"MMAR# CONTEMT ORDER$ a%& MOTION FOR REC"SA! OF '"D(E )O*ARD$
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in0titution it0el.. 1n re :u0ta.0on" *19 (.2d 13%4" %$ ,.6.!. (ed. 1 ?9th Cir. 19$+;" on rehAg" *%+ (.2d
1+17 ?9th Cir. 19$1;.
N!S 22. +3+. Summar- Cuni0hment o. contemCt committed in immediate vie> and
Cre0ence o. court9 a..idavit or 0tatement to =e .iled >hen contemCt committed out0ide
immediate vie> and Cre0ence o. court9 di0@uali.ication o. Fudge:
D1. 1. a contemCt i0 committed in the immediate vie> and Cre0ence o. the court or Fudge at
cham=er0" the contemCt ma- =e Cuni0hed 0ummaril-. 1. the court or Fudge 0ummaril- Cuni0he0
a Cer0on .or a contemCt Cur0uant to thi0 0u=0ection" the court or Fudge 0hall enter an order
that:
?a; !ecite0 the .act0 con0tituting the contemCt in the immediate vie> and Cre0ence o. the court
or Fudge9
?=; (ind0 the Cer0on guilt- o. the contemCt9 and
?c; /re0cri=e0 the Cuni0hment .or the contemCt...E
1%4 ,6! 1227" Nece00it- and Su..icienc- o. <aBing and !ecording Su=0idiar- or Detailed
(inding0 SuCCorting ,dFudication o. Direct ContemCt.
Statute Croviding that in all ca0e0 o. contemCt ari0ing >ithout immediate vie> and Cre0ence o.
court" Fudge o. court in >ho0e contemCt de.endant i0 alleged to =e" 0hall not Cre0ide at 0uch
trial over o=Fection o. de.endant" i0 con0titutional. N.C.6.1929" M $943. <cCormicB v. Si)th
4udicial Di0t. Court in and .or 2um=oldt Count-" 19%+" 21$ /.2d 939" *7 Nev. 31$. ContemCt
(or CurCo0e0 o. 0tatute governing 0ummar- contemCt Croceeding0 .or direct contemCt committed
in FudgeA0 Cre0ence" >hich re@uire0 court to Denter an order"E >hile a trial courtA0 oral
contemCt order i0 immediatel- en.orcea=le" a >ritten order including the 0tatuteA0 re@uired element0
mu0t =e CromCtl- entered. 2ou0ton v. Eighth 4udicial Di0t. Court e) rel. Count- o.
ClarB" 2++*" 13% /.3d 12*9" 122 Nev. %44.
,CCroCriate remed- .or attorne- >ho had =een .ound in direct contemCt o. court in divorce
Croceeding in >hich he reCre0ented >i.e" >here contemCt order had =een .ound to =e in0u..icient
=- SuCreme Court" in that it did not contain a 0u..icient 0tatement concerning >hat conduct
>a0 held to =e contemCtuou0" >a0 to Cermit trial court to enter amended order" given that
SuCreme CourtA0 oCinion addre00ed i00ue o. .ir0t imCre00ion and announced 0tandard .or content0
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MOTION TO SET ASIDE ORDER AND NOTICE OF AEA! OF S"MMAR# CONTEMT ORDER$ a%& MOTION FOR REC"SA! OF '"D(E )O*ARD$
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o. >ritten contemCt order. 2ou0ton v. Eighth 4udicial Di0t. Court e) rel. Count- o.
ClarB" 2++*" 13% /.3d 12*9" 122 Nev. %44.
4udge 2o>ard Summar- ContemCt 3rder relie0 in Cart on Icontinuing line0 o. in@uir- a.ter
told =- the Court not to do 0o...I ho>ever an- 0uch alleged in0tance0 o. thi0 are e)Clained a>a- =-
the .act that an- 0uch @ue0tion0 >here not Co0ed to Crove the truth o. the matter a00erted =ut rather
.or other Cermi00i=le CurCo0e0 ?and thi0 >a0 Cointed out to the Court at trial;. (urther" .or 4udge
2o>ard to rule that it i0 not relevant >hether 8al'<artA0 ,00et /rotection team had ver=all-
threatened the accu0ed or other>i0e indicated the- >ould retaliate again0t him .or .ilming a
documentar- related to 8al'<artA0 continual Cractice o. l-ing to cu0tomer0 a=out their !eturn /olic-
and 0electivel- en.orcing it" de0Cite it0 term0 =eing Cart o. a contract =et>een the retailer and
con0umer0" it Clain error.
, >ritten 0ummar- contemCt order" i00ued Cur0uant to 0tatute governing 0ummar- contemCt
Croceeding0 .or direct contemCt committed in FudgeA0 Cre0ence" mu0t 0et .orth 0Ceci.ic .act0
concerning the conduct .ound to =e contemCtuou0. 2ou0ton v. Eighth 4udicial Di0t. Court e) rel.
Count- o. ClarB" 2++*" 13% /.3d 12*9" 122 Nev. %44. 4udge 2o>ard0 3rder i0 o. the IchecB the =o)I
variet-" on a CreCrinted .orm" 0eemingl- taBen .rom the Bench BooB" containing mere conclu0or- and
circular 0tatement0 a=out the CurCorted contemCt and in no >a- 0ati0.ie0 the a=ove 0tandard. 1ndeed"
4udge 2o>ard doe0 not 0Ceci.- >hat Iline0 o. in@uir-I >ere continued" nor i0 it clear ho> a Cro 0e
de.endant denied hi0 Si)th ,mendment !ight &o Coun0el could rea0ona=l- Bno> >hat i0 re@uired o.
him to comCl- >ith 4udge 2o>ard0 vague and menacing contemCt Cronoucement0 >hile al0o
Gealou0l- advocating on the de.endantA0 =ehal..
8ritten 0ummar- contemCt order .inding attorne- .or >i.e in divorce Croceeding in direct
contemCt o. court .ailed to indicate >hat Carticular comment0 =- attorne- >ere held to =e
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MOTION TO SET ASIDE ORDER AND NOTICE OF AEA! OF S"MMAR# CONTEMT ORDER$ a%& MOTION FOR REC"SA! OF '"D(E )O*ARD$
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contemCtuou0" and" thu0" order >a0 in0u..icient" under 0tatute governing 0ummar- contemCt
Croceeding0 .or direct contemCt committed in FudgeA0 Cre0ence. 2ou0ton v. Eighth 4udicial Di0t.
Court e) rel. Count- o. ClarB" 2++*" 13% /.3d 12*9" 122 Nev. %44.
3ther than indicating the de.endant 0aid D8o>E" 4udge 2o>ardA0 3rder doe0 little to comCl-
>ith the a=ove 0tandard. (urther" 4udge 2o>ard maBe0 allegation0 o. DlaughterE" ho>ever" and thi0
goe0 to the Devident imCartialit-L<otion .or !ecu0alE" 4udge 2o>ard 0eemed to go to great length0 to
0triBe .rom the record the .act that &homa0 (rontino" 8al'<art ,00et /rotection ,00ociate and
>itne00 .or the Cit- o. !eno" >a0 continuall- 0mirBing and laughing on the 0tand" Carticularl- >hile
he >a0 committing CerFur-. 4udge 2o>ard maBe0 no 0Ceci.ic indication a0 to >hat the under0igned
0uCCo0edl- laughed a=out" or at >hat time o. the Croceeding ?the audio o. >hich i0 recorded and
Cre0erved =- the !<CA0 (or &he !ecord 0-0tem;. Even i. DlaughterE >a0 Cre0ent" it i0 not Cer 0e
contemCtuou0 and 4udge 2o>ard doe0 not maBe clear ho> hi0 attemCt to Crohi=it 0uch allo>0 .or a
de.endant to Gealou0l- advocate on hi0 o>n =ehal." or >hether it i0 ever Cermi00i=le" or even a 0Bill.ul
trial tactic" .or a litigant to engage in DlaughterE. !eall-" >hat 4udge 2o>ard 0eem0 to >ant the mo0t
i0 .or tho0e de.endant0 that he >i0he0 to .ind guilt- to la- do>n and die a death o. 0ort0 in hi0
courtroom" and to thanB the !<C .or it0 >i0e cr-Ct'BeeCing.
!egardle00" >ith re0Cect to 4udge 2o>ardA0" Decem=er 1*" 2+11 3rder" it attemCt0 to rule on
matter0 .ar =e-ond the Furi0diction accorded to 4udge 2o>ard. &he email addre00
Drenomunirecord0Oreno.govE i0 held out to the Cu=lic in a num=er o. in0tance0. See" E)hi=it 1:
4anuar- 1+
th
" 2+12 email .rom !<C 1nterim Court ,dmini0trator Ca00andra 4acB0on >ith ,ttached
Decem=er 1*
th
" 2+11 3rder o. 4udge 2o>ard. &he 3rder read0: DDe.endant Coughlin .or>arded a
communication to 4udge 2o>ardA0 Cer0onal electronic mail account. De.endant Coughlin i0 >arned
that he mu0t cca0e and de0i0t .urthcr e'mail communication >ith 4udge 2o>ard" hi0 0tal&or an- other
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MOTION TO SET ASIDE ORDER AND NOTICE OF AEA! OF S"MMAR# CONTEMT ORDER$ a%& MOTION FOR REC"SA! OF '"D(E )O*ARD$
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emClo-ee o. the !eno <uniciCal Court.E 2o>ever" it i0 not clear at all that that email addre00 i0 a
DCer0onalE email addre00. &he email addre00 gate>a- i0 that o. one =elonging to the Cit- o. !eno"
not to a Crivate citiGen" and there.ore it can hardl- =e 0aid to =e a DCer0onalE email addre00" liBe
2otmail" or :mail addre00. 1t i0 an email addre00 Crovided to a Cu=lic 0ervant" an elected or
aCCointed o..icial" to =e u0ed in the cour0e o. o..icial =u0ine00 and held out to the Cu=lic a0 a valid
mean0 .or contacting that o..icial. 2o> an email i0 an- di..erent than a .a) i0 0omething not at all
clear. Both mean0 o. corre0Condence convert the communication to a 0erie0 o. 1A0 and +A0 .or the
CurCo0e o. tran0mitting date in a digital .orm. &o hold the0e mean0 o. communication are
.undamentall- di..erent" i0 a di0tinction >ithout a di..erence and ar=itar- and caCriciou0. &o re@uired
litigant0 to acceCt 0uch Cronouncement0 >here the- are not 0uCCorted =- 0ound rationale or Colic- i0
to engage in t-rann-" 0omething .or >hich the ,merican Cu=lic ha0 never had much o. a ta0te.
&he Decem=er 1*
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" 2+11 3rder goe0 on to hold that: D1& 1S 2E!EB7 3!DE!ED that
De.endant Coughlin 0hall not communicate via email >ith 4udge 2o>ard" hi0 0ta.. or an- other
emClo-ee o. the !eno <uniciCal Court.E (ir0t" 1t i0 not clear >hether a tran0criCtioni0t recommended
or re@uired =- the !<C i0 a D!<C emClo-eeE. 1t i0 not clear i0 <ar0hal !oCer i0 an !<C
emClo-ee" or an emClo-ee o. 8a0hoe Count-" or the Cit- o. !eno. &o =e a valid 3rder 0uch that a
ContemCt 3rder ma- i00ue .rom a violation o. it re@uire0 that the 3rder =e 0u..icientl- detailed and
clear 0uch that one could =e rea0ona=l- 0aid to have an under0tanding o. >hat i0 re@uired o. him to
comCl- >ith it. &he under0igned 0eeB0 clari.ication o. the 3rder in thi0 regard. (urther" the 3rder
doe0 not contain an- language CurCorting to maBe inaCClica=le to the under0igned the right enFo-ed
=- all other litigant0 =e.ore the !<C" ie" that contained in !<C! %:
!<C! !ule %: <otion0 =- (ac0imile ,. ,ll rule0 and Crocedure0 that aCCl- to
motion0 .iled in Cer0on at the court 0hall al0o aCCl- to motion0 .iled =- .ac0imile"
e)ceCt a0 other>i0e 0Ceci.ied in thi0 rule. B. ,ll Cer0on0 are eligi=le to u0e motion'
=-'.ac0imile Crocedure0. C. ,ll motion0 .iled =- .ac0imile mu0t =e accomCanied =-
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a cover 0heet >hich mu0t include the Cer0onH0 name" addre00" .a) num=er and
teleChone num=er. D. ,ll .ac0imile motion0 .iled =- an attorne- mu0t include the
attorne-A0 name" the .irmH0 name" addre00" .a) num=er and teleChone num=er. 1n
addition" the attorne-H0 0tate =ar num=er mu0t =e con0Cicuou0l- di0Cla-ed on the
cover 0heet. E. ,ll motion0 .iled =- .ac0imile mu0t =e accomCanied =- Croo. o.
0ervice.
&he under0igned i0 indigent. &hat might =e hard .or a Cu=lic o..icial maBing P1$+"+++ a -ear
a.ter =ene.it0 to conceCtualiGe" =ut >hat it mean0 it that re@uiring him to taBe an hour out o. hi0 >orB
da- ever- time he >ant0 to .ile 0omething >ith the !<C i0 undul- =urden0ome" Carticularl- >here
the !eno Cit- ,ttorne- acting a0 oCCo0ing coun0el i0 not under a 0imilar directive ?and >here that
!eno Cit- ,ttorne- maBing >ell over P1++"+++ a.ter =ene.it0 are con0idered a0 >ell;. 1t 0eem0 the
Court under0tand0 thi0" and that i0 >h- onl- email >a0 e)Cre00l- Crohi=ited in the 3rder. (urther" the
3rder >ould 0eem to =e >i0el- curtailed to onl- matter0 relating to the ca0e in >hich i0 >a0 rendered.
7et" <0. 4acB0onA0 email 0eem0 to caCitulate and e)tend uCon 4udge 2o>ardA0 3rder =- including the
dicate that the under0igned cea0e CartaBing in the .iling =- .ac0imile e)Cre00l- allo>ed =- !<C! %"
and .urther" !<C 1nterim Court ,dmini0trator 4acB0on 0eeB0 to add to the 3rder and e)tend it0
alread- over=road reach. 1n doing 0o" 4acB0on i0 engaging in imCermi00i=le conduct 0imilar to that
e)hi=ited earlier in thi0 matter =- 4udge 2o>ardA0 4udicial ,00i0tant #eronica 6oCeG. <0. 6oCeG
re.u0ed to Crovide a coC- o. the 4udgement and 3rder o. Conviction in 11 C! 2217* to Coughlin
?actuall- 0he lied to Coughlin 0a-ing 0he >ould .a) him a coC- o. it ?though 0he never did; a.ter
=erating Coughlin .or Dlo0ing him chance to get a coC-E at the conclu0ion o. the 11L3+L11 &rial >hen
!<C <ar0hal0 demanded the under0igned 0ign 0ome document0 Crior to having a chance to revie>
them" >hereuCon the0e <ar0hal0 angril- tooB a>a- the document0" 0mirBing a=out ho> the- >ould
DFu0t Cut that -ou re.u0edE to acceCt the 0ervice thereo.. 2o>ever" uCon =eing relea0e .rom >hat ma-
>ell =e the one and onl- time ?hoCe.ull- ever" Ca0t or .uture; that an attorne- in thi0 0tate" or an-
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other" >a0 0ummaril- .orced to 0Cend three da-0 in incarceration i0 i0 clear .rom Fail CroCert- record0
that Coughlin >a0 not Crovided an- coC- o. an- 4udgement o. Conviction or 3rder .rom the
Novem=er 3+
th
" 2+11 &rial in the !<C. Clearl-" i. the under0igned i0 in handcu..0" it i0 not .or the
under0igned to decide >hether or not a Ciece o. CaCer >ill travel >ith him to Fail and =e there >hen
he i0 relea0ed. &he !<CA0 conduct in 0u=0e@uentl- re.u0ing to Crovide or other>i0e 0erved a coC- o.
that 3rder i0 e)tremel- trou=ling and re.lect0 Coorl- uCon the !<C. &he 0ame can =e 0aid .or the
0ome e)tremel- long time it tooB the !<C to Crovide the under0igned >ith an audio coC- o. the
recording o. the &rial and the indication0 !<C .iling o..ice 0ta.. gave the under0igned at .ir0t that he
>ould not =e a..oreded an- acce00 to 0uch an recording" =ut rather" that he could Ca- 0ome e)or=inant
0ome to have one Carticular court reCorter or tran0criCtioni0t .avored =- the !<C ?/am 6ongioni; to
tran0cri=e the recording0. <0. 6ongioni" >hile driving and talBing on the Chone" actuall- hung uC on
the under0igned >hen hi0 an0>er0 to her attemCt0 to cro00 e)amine him >ith regard to >hen he .iled
hi0 Notice o. ,CCeal and >hen he >a0 0erved thi0 or that >ere not met >ith her aCCroval. 6ongioni
0u=0e@uentl- .ailed to return an- Chone call0 or >ritten corre0Condence .rom the udner0igned.
During thi0 three da- incarceration >a0 denied a 0ingle Chone call or tier time =- Sheri..A0
DeCutie0" re0ulting in much CreFudice to hi0 clientA0 ca0e0" .or >hich 4udge 2o>ard indicated he >a0
D0addenedE" though he .ailed to allo> .or an- mea0ure0 to =e taBen to avoid 0uch CreFudice occurring
to tho0e >ho vote on >hether or not he >ill =e reelected" 0hould he run oCCo0ed ne)t time" in contra0t
to hi0 la0t election; .or 0a-ing D8o>E amid0t 0a-ing D7e0" Sir"E and D7our 2onorE a=out .our
hundred time0 throughout the cour0e o. a 0i) hour trial" the denouement o. >hich >a0 aCCarentl-
imCortant enough to BeeC uC>ard0 o. 0i) court emClo-ee0 >orBing until aCCro)imatel- 9 Cm at night"
receiving overtime >age0 in the Croce00 a0 a time in >hich the econom- o. !eno i0 marBedl-
challenged and the =udget o. the !eno <uniciCal court i0 0uch that it ha0 taBen to la-ing o.. Court
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0ta.. and cutting their Ca- ?though elected o..icial0 are e)emCt .rom 0uch mea0ure0; in addition to
curtailing the hour0 the Court i0 oCen to the Cu=lic on (rida-0 to hal. a da-.
1t i0 in0tructive to comCare 4acB0onA0 interCretation o. the 4udge 2o>ardA0 3rder" and to
con0ider to e)tent to >hich 0he ma- =e acting in a Fudicial caCacit- ?unle00 thi0 Court >ill Crovide
0ome indication o. >hether 4acB0onA0 email >a0 done at the =ehe0t o. an- o. the !<C 4udge0;.
8herea0 4udge 2o>ard0 12L1*L11 3rder hold0: D1& 1S 2E!EB7 3!DE!ED that D!ndan"
Coughlin 0hall not #$%%&n'#a" via cmail >ith 4udge 2o>ard" hi0 0ta.. or an- other emClo-ee o.
the !eno <uniciCal CourtE" 4acB0onA0 1L1+L12 email to Coughlin e)tend0 the reach o. that 3rder"
directing Coughlin thu0: I1 have =een in.ormed that -ou continue to contact !eno <uniciCal Court
0ta.. and attemCt to !'( document0 via e'mail. &hi0 i0 in violation o. the 3rder i00ued =- 4udge
2o>ard on Decem=er 1*" 2+11" )*'#* +,$*'-'". /$& !,$% contacting !eno <uniciCal Court 0ta..
via e'mail ?0ee attached;. An/ #$,,.+$ndn# /$& )'.* "* #$&," "$ #$n.'d, and any documents
that you wish to file )'"* "* #$&," %&." - !'(d "*,$&0* "* Rn$ M&n'#'+a( C$&," C(,12.
O!!'#3 4'a U5S5 %a'(3 %..n0, .,4'# $, 'n +,.$n.E
(ir0t" 4udge 2o>ardA0 3rder indicate0 that it aCClie0 to DDe.endant CoughlinE" not citiGen
Coughlin. &hu0" it doe0 not aCCl- to action0 taBen =- Coughlin not >ithin the 0coCe o. hi0
aCCearance a0 DDe.endant CoughlinE >ithin that one Carticular matter 11 C! 2217*. 1. citiGen
Coughlin >ant0 to .ile 0omething related to a tra..ic citation" 4udge 2o>ardA0 Decem=er 1*" 2+11
3rder ha0 not aCClication. (or 4acB0on to DruleE other>i0e indicate0 0he lacB0 an aCCreciation .or the
Fudicial 0Bill and temCerance 4udge 2o>ard ha0 develoCed 0ince taBing the =ench in 199$. 8hile
0omeone >ithout 4udge 2o>ardA0 acumen and e)Certi0e ma- CurCort to rule on matter0 .ar a.ield
.rom the Furi0diction the la> ha0 ve0ted them >ith" 4udge 2o>ard >ould not" 1 =elieve" a0 he taBe0
the tru0t the citiGen0 o. Nevada have =e0to>ed uCon him .ar to 0eriou0l- to 0o recBle00l- e)ceed the
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MOTION TO SET ASIDE ORDER AND NOTICE OF AEA! OF S"MMAR# CONTEMT ORDER$ a%& MOTION FOR REC"SA! OF '"D(E )O*ARD$
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0coCe o. that Furi0diction. &he emClo-ee0 o. the !<C ?including <ar0hal <entGel" #eronica 6oCeG"
and Ca00andra 4acB0on; need to 0toC em=arra00ing the !<C 4udge0" >ith the a=u0ive" overreaching
aCCroach the- taBe to carr-ing out their dutie0 and in relating to the Cu=lic. 8hile their =ehavior ma-
=e comCletel- acceCta=le in the Crivate 0ector" the- have a hire calling in =eing Cu=lic 0ervant0
>orBing in a court o. la>" >here the e@ual and mea0ured di0Cen0ation o. Fu0tice mu0t =e delivered in
a manner that" at all time0" comCort0 >ith traditional notice0 o. due Croce00 and 0u=0tantial Fu0tice.
&he under0igned >a0 given e)Cre00 Cermi00ion =- !<C (iling 3..icer SuCervi0or Donna
Ballard to .ile document0 =- email &hi0 >a0 re@ue0ted in light o. the under0igned =elie. that .iling =-
.a) ma- unnece00aril- ta) the !<CA0 .a) machine and or line. (urther" 4udge 2o>ard0 12L1*L11
3rder onl- CurCort0 to rule on the CroCriet- o. CoughlinA0 attemCt0 to D#$%%&n'#a" via cmail >ith
4udge 2o>ard" hi0 0ta.. or an- other emClo-ee o. the !eno <uniciCal CourtE. 1t doe0 not ?a0
4acB0onA0 email CurCort0 to interCet that 3rder to rule; that Dany documents that you wish to file )'"*
"* #$&," %&." - !'(d "*,$&0* "* Rn$ M&n'#'+a( C$&," C(,12. O!!'#3 4'a U5S5 %a'(3
%..n0, .,4'# $, 'n +,.$n.E ,n attemCt to communicate i0 di..erent .rom an attemCt to file a
document >ith the court. (urther" communicating >ith D4udge 2o>ard" hi0 0ta.. or an- other
emClo-ee o. the !eno <uniciCal CourtE i0 di..erent than communicating 0omething to or .iling
0omething >ith a general email addre00" !eno<uni!ecord0O!eno.gov" that i0 not attached
0Ceci.icall- to D4udge 2o>ard" hi0 0ta.." or an- other emClo-eeE ?in the >a- 4udge 2o>ard mention0
hi0 o>n email addre00 a0 hi0 DCer0onalE email addre00;" >hich i0 held out to the Cu=lic in numerou0
0etting0 a0 the >a- to contact the !eno <uniciCal Court or Cit- o. !eno ?included among0t the0e i0
the method .or re@ue0ting record0 .rom the Cit- o. !eno" and the !eno Cit- ,ttorne-A0 3..ice" not
Fu0t the !eno <uniciCal Court;. 1n 0o attemCting to e)tend 4udge 2o>ardA0 3rder" 4acB0on
imCermi00i=l- attemCt0 to a00ert an une@ual aCClication o. !<C! % uCon Coughlin" a deCrivation o.
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MOTION TO SET ASIDE ORDER AND NOTICE OF AEA! OF S"MMAR# CONTEMT ORDER$ a%& MOTION FOR REC"SA! OF '"D(E )O*ARD$
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e@ual Crotection and due Croce00 under the la> that could argua=l- get the !<C and 4acB0on her0el.
held Cer0onall- lia=le .or violation0 o. the under0ignedA0 civil right0. 2o>ever" the Cit- o. !eno >ill
=e lia=le i. there i0 a cu0tom and Colic- in Clace that encourage0 con0titutional violation0 and that
Colic- i0 the 0tandard oCerating Crocedure o. the !eno <uniciCal Court or >here the !<C had
Bno>ledge o. 4acB0onA0 deCrivation o. CoughlinA0 civil right0 or other>i0e engaged in negligent
hiring" training" and 0uCervi0ion o. emClo-ee0 0uch a 4acB0on >ith re0Cect to 0uch deCrviation0.
6iBe>i0e" >ith the 8a0hoe Count- Sheri..A0 3..ice and the Count-. See :illette v. Delmore" 979 (.20
1342" 1347 ?9th Cir.1992;.
<otivational in0Ciration .or the !<C and <entGel" 6oCeG" and 4acB0on can =e .ound in
6iCCi0 v. /eter0" 112 Nev. 1++$" 921 /.2d 124$ ?199*;:
D&he Fudgment a>arding .ee0 in thi0 ca0e imCo0e0 uCon t>o Fu0tice0A court0 and 0even
Fu0tice0 o. the Ceace an o=ligation to Ca- to the tenant0A attorne-0 the 0um o.
P1$"*93.%+. &hi0 Fudgment doe0 Cre0ent a Cro=lem >hen >e 0tart to thinB a=out ho>
the0e Cu=lic o..icial0 and t>o court0 o. la> might go a=out allocating the o=ligation o.
P1$"*93.%+. 1t >ould not aCCear that the court0 them0elve0 are 0u=Fect to e)ecution
Croce009 and" there.ore" the .ee" i. it >ere going to =e Caid" >ould have to =e Caid =-
the individual Fu0tice0" >ho >ould have to Ca-" i. the matter >ere handled .airl-"
P2"*7+.%+ each. &he Fu0tice0A Fudgment o=ligation to Ca- attorne-0A .ee0 i0 =a0ed ?1; on
their having .ollo>ed a Crocedural rule ?4C!C/ 1+*; enacted =- thi0 court and ?2; on
their having made 0everal erroneou0 Fudicial deci0ion0. 8e he0itate to get into the
thorn- Cro=lem0 Cre0ented =- thi0 Fudgment" Cro=lem0 relating to e)ecution uCon
Cu=lic CroCert-" relating to o..icial immunit- and Fudicial immunit- and 0ome other
0imilar Cro=lem0 that attend the en.orcement o. 0uch a Fudgment...E 6iCCi0 v. /eter0"
112 Nev. 1++$" 921 /.2d 124$ ?199*;: D1n their action challenging Fu0tice court0A
Cractice o. den-ing aCCeal0 to di0trict court in 0ummar- eviction action0" tenant0 did
not allege that the- >ere deCrived o. .ederal right0" and there.ore the- could not claim
attorne- .ee0 under .ederal civil right0 0tatute. 42 5.S.C.,. MM 19$3" 19$$.E
De.endant ma- ultimatel- =e .orced to =e 0o alleging 0uch a deCrivation and or claim 0uch
attorne-A0 .ee09 See, also, Cheung v. Eighth 4udicial Di0t. Court e) rel. Count- o. ClarB" 124 /.3d
%%+" %%2" 121 Nev. $*7" $*9 ?2++%;9 Schneider v. ElBo Count- Sheri..A0 DeCt." 17 (.SuCC.2d 11*2"
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11*% ?199$;9 :.C. 8allace" 1nc. v. Eighth 4udicial Di0t. Court o. State" e) rel. Count- o. ClarB" 2*2
/.3d 113%" 114+Q" 127 Nev. ,dv. 3C. *4" *4Q ?2+11;.
<0. Ballard actuall- agreed >ith thi0 a00e00ment and thanBed the under0igned .or the
con0ideration demon0trated. &o the e)tent 4udge 2o>ard doe0 not >i0h .or the under0igned to .ile
?a0 oCCo0ed to Fu0t communicate; =- email ?and it0 not clear that the 3rder CurCort0 to rule on
0ituation0 out0ide o. the ca0e in >hich it >a0 made" de0Cite the imClicationA0 o. 4acB0onA0 email;" the
under0igned >ill" o. cour0e" re0Cect.ull- comCl- >ith that dictate" e0Ceciall- to the e)tent that it i0 not
e)Cre00l- Cermitted =- !<C !ule0 ?though the di0tinction =et>een .ac0imile and email i0 not al>a-0
the cleare0t and >here .ac0imile 0eem0 to di0advantage tho0e >ithout the =udget to have a 0eCarate
Chone line to run a .a) machine" etc.;. 2o>ever" the !ecord on ,CCeal in thi0 matter i0 de.icient in
0everal re0Cect0 and the under0igned a0B0 that it =e corrected. &o >it" Crior to 0uch time a0 the
e)Cre00 Cermi00ion to 0o .ile =- email could rea0ona=l- =e 0aid to have =een >ithdra>n" the
under0igned .ile numerou0 document0 >ith the !<C. 2o>ever" not all o. tho0e are re.lected in the
!ecord on ,CCeal (urther" in that !ecord" the D.our Cage0 Cer CageE attachment0 to the 12L13L11
.iling are illegi=le" though the under0igned .ile a comCletel- legi=le one Cage Cer Cage ver0ion via
email >ith the !<C and .eel0 that that legi=le ver0ion 0hould =e included in the !ecord on ,CCeal.
&he D.our Cage Cer CageE ver0ion >a0 .iled in hard coC- ?on toC o. the 0ame =eing .iled the night
=e.ore via email; in an a=undance o. caution given the imCortance o. the .iling ?a" CerhaC0"
Furi0dictional Notice o. ,CCeal" and 0hould the Cermi00ion to .ile =- email not =e honored" the
under0igned >ould have =een 0everel- CreFudiced....; &he under0igned .iled the D.our Cage Cer CageE
ver0ion o. the E)hi=it0 to that 12L12L11 .iling in that .orm =ecau0e he lacB the mone- to =u- the CaCer
and inB nece00ar- to Crint tho0e voluminou0 attachment0 out in the one Cage Cer Cage 0t-le that >ould
have =een Cre.era=le. E)hi=it %: ,ll email0 .rom ZachCoughlinOhotmail.com to
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MOTION TO SET ASIDE ORDER AND NOTICE OF AEA! OF S"MMAR# CONTEMT ORDER$ a%& MOTION FOR REC"SA! OF '"D(E )O*ARD$
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!eno<uni!ecord0O!eno.gov .rom 1+L4L11 to Cre0ent9 citing to attached Cd. .iling0 that 0hould =e
included in the !ecord on ,CCeal" -et are not in 0ome in0tance0.
,CCeala=ilit- o. contemCt adFudication or conviction. 33 ,.6.!.3d 44$ ?3riginall- Cu=li0hed in
197+;9 M 12JaK :enerall-R!ule o. aCCeala=ilit- JCumulative SuCClementK ContemCt Croceeding0
not characteriGed a0 criminal or civil have .re@uentl- =een held or recogniGed to =e aCCeala=le in the
a=0ence o. 0tatute0 other than tho0e generall- maBing .inal deci0ion0 aCCeala=le.5S 1n re !-an" %3$
(.2d 43%" 7* 2 5.S. &a) Ca0. ?CC2; / 9%1$" 3$ ,.(.&.!.2d %4%2 ?D.C. Cir. 197*; ,la 5hl0 v 5hl0
?19$9" ,la ,CC; %%1 So 2d 1+*% E) Carte Bo-Bin ?1994" ,la Civ ,CC; *%* So 2d $21 ,la0Ba
:illette v Co..er ?1912; 4 ,la0Ba *22 ?recogniGing rule; Cal 6aBella v Sai0er (oundation 2ealth
/lan" 1nc. ?1977; 72 Cal ,CC 3d 499" 13$ Cal !Ctr 212 (or Cali.ornia ca0e0" 0ee M 1*" in.ra Colo 2ill
v Boatright ?1994" Colo ,CC; $9+ /2d 1$+" reh den ?SeC 1%" 1994; and cert gr ?(e= 2+" 199%; DC 33
,.6.!.3d 44$ /age 17$ 33 ,.6.!.3d 44$ ?3riginall- Cu=li0hed in 197+; (or Di0trict o. Colum=ia
ca0e0" 0ee M 3JaK" 0uCra (la State e) rel. /ear0on v 4ohn0on ?(la ,CC; 334 So 2d %4 (or (lorida ca0e0"
0ee M *JaK" 0uCra :a <anning v <NC Con0umer Di0count Co. ?1994; 212 :a ,CC $24" 442 SE2d
919" 94 (ulton Count- D ! 1442 (or :eorgia ca0e0" 0ee M 1%" in.ra 1ll /eoCle e) rel. 2incBle- v
/ir.en=rinB ?1$79; 9* 1ll *$ ?recogniGing rule; E) Carte Smith ?1$$*; 117 1ll *3" 7 NE *$3
?recogniGing rule; 6e0ter v BerBo>itG ?1$$$; 12% 1ll 3+7" 17 NE 7+* ?recogniGing rule; /eoCle v
:il=ert ?1917; 2$1 1ll *19" 11$ NE 19* 2ill v &homa0 B. 4e..er- Co. ?192+; 292 1ll 49+" 127 NE 124
/eoCle e) rel. ,ndre>0 v 2a00aBi0 ?19%%; * 1ll 2d 4*3" 129 NE2d 9 But 0ee /eoCle e) rel. :eneral
<otor0 CorC. v Bua ?19*7; 37 1ll 2d 1$+" 22* NE2d *" in.ra. ,nd 0ee 1llinoi0 ca0e0 limiting revie> to
@ue0tion o. a=u0e o. di0cretion" M 13" in.ra. 8a0te <anagement" 1nc. v 1nternational SurClu0 6ine0
1n0. Co. ?1991; 144 1ll 2d 17$" 1*1 1ll Dec 774" %79 NE2d 322 ,lmgren v !u0hT/re0=-terianTSt.
6uBeA0 <edical Ctr. ?1994; 1*2 1ll 2d 2+%" 2+% 1ll Dec 147" *42 NE2d 12*4" mod and reh den ?Nov
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MOTION TO SET ASIDE ORDER AND NOTICE OF AEA! OF S"MMAR# CONTEMT ORDER$ a%& MOTION FOR REC"SA! OF '"D(E )O*ARD$
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1%" 1994; !o=in0on v /eoCle ?19+*; 129 1ll ,CC %27 Sell- v Chicago" B. N U. !. Co. ?1919; 213 1ll
,CC 29* ?recogniGing rule; /eoCle e) rel. !u0ch v Sirgi0 ?193*; 2$7 1ll ,CC 37$" 4 NE2d $94
&egtme-er v &egtme-er ?1937; 292 1ll ,CC 434" 11 NE2d *%7 ?recogniGing rule; /eoCle e) rel.
!u0ch v (erro ?1942; 313 1ll ,CC 2+2" 39 NE2d 7+7 Semen- v SBorch ?19%9; 22 1ll ,CC 2d 1*+" 1%9
NE2d 4$9 <a->ood v 4acB0on ?19*3; 42 1ll ,CC 2d 29" 19+ NE2d %93 Soch v <ettler ?19*4; 49 1ll
,CC 2d 2%1" 199 NE2d 417 !e 3cto=er 19$% :rand 4ur- ?19$7" 10t Di0t; 1%4 1ll ,CC 3d 2$$" 1+7 1ll
Dec 342" %+7 33 ,.6.!.3d 44$ /age 179 33 ,.6.!.3d 44$ ?3riginall- Cu=li0hed in 197+; NE2d *"
aCC gr ?1ll; 113 1ll Dec 3+4" %1% NE2d 113 and vacated on other ground0 ?19$$; 124 1ll 2d 4**" 12%
1ll Dec 29%" %3+ NE2d 4%3 !e <arriage o. !-an ?19$9" 2d Di0t; 1$$ 1ll ,CC 3d *79" 13* 1ll Dec 1"
%44 NE2d 4%4 &e0tin v Dre-er <edical Clinic ?1992; 23$ 1ll ,CC 3d $$3" 179 1ll Dec %*" *+% NE2d
1+7+" aCC gr 149 1ll 2d **1" 1$3 1ll Dec $72" *12 NE2d %24 1n re <arriage o. Dieter ?199%" 10t Di0t;
271 1ll ,CC 3d 1$1" 2+7 1ll Dec $4$" *4$ NE2d 3+4 /eoCle e) rel. 2a>thorne v 2amilton" 9 1ll ,CC
3d %%1" 292 NE2d %*3 <d Drone- v Drone- ?199%; 1+2 <d ,CC *72" *%1 ,2d 41% <ich /eoCle e)
rel. /ort 2uron N :. !. Co. v 4one0 ?1$7*; 33 <ich 3+3 2aine0 v 2aine0 ?1$7*; 3% <ich 13$ !e
Bi00ell ?1$79; 4+ <ich *3 ?recogniGing rule; !o00 v !o00 ?1$$1; 47 <ich 1$%" 1+ N8 193 See
/eoCle v Den 5-l ?1949; 323 <ich 49+" 3% N82d 4*7. But 0ee <ichigan ca0e0 limiting revie> to
@ue0tion o. a=u0e o. di0cretion" M 13" in.ra. <inn (or <inne0ota ca0e0" 0ee M $JaK" 0uCra <i00 (or
<i00i00iCCi ca0e0" 0ee M 1%" in.ra <o (or <i00ouri ca0e0" 0ee M 3J=K" 0uCra Ne= Dunning v &allman
?1993; 244 Ne= 1" %+4 N82d $% N7 8atrou0 v Searne- ?1$$+; 79 N7 49* ?recogniGing rule;
Strong v 8e0tern :a0 N (uel Co. ?19+4; 177 N7 4++" *9 NE 721 ?recogniGing rule; Sing v ,0hle-
?19+4; 179 N7 2$1" 72 NE 1+* !e 2a->ard ?1$99; 44 ,CC Div 2*%" *+ N7S *3* ?recogniGing rule;
<oore v <oore ?191+; 141 ,CC Div %32" 12* N7S 412 !e BaBer ?1$%%; 11 2o> /r 41$
?recogniGing rule;9 !e /erc- ?1$*$; 2 Dal- %3+ ?recogniGing rule;9 !ichie v Bedell ?1$$%" SuC; 22
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MOTION TO SET ASIDE ORDER AND NOTICE OF AEA! OF S"MMAR# CONTEMT ORDER$ a%& MOTION FOR REC"SA! OF '"D(E )O*ARD$
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N7 8eeB Dig %*39 (incB v <annering ?1$$7; 4* 2un 3239 !e ,non-mou0 ?1$$7; 1$ ,== NC 21*
?recogniGing rule;9 33 ,.6.!.3d 44$ /age 1$+ 33 ,.6.!.3d 44$ ?3riginall- Cu=li0hed in 197+;
/eoCle e) rel. /o0t v :rant ?1$$$; 13 N7 Civ /roc 3+%" revd on merit0 %+ 2un 243" 3 N7S 142
?recogniGing rule;9 Boon v <c:ucBen ?1$93; *7 2un 2%1" 22 N7S 4249 !e De 6ong ?1$9*; 2% Civ
/roc 3*3" 41 N7S 2+19 Siegel v Solomon ?19+%" SuC ,CC &; 92 N7S 23$ ?recogniGing rule;.
<cCredie v Senior ?1$34; 4 /aige 37$ But 0ee <itchellA0 Ca0e ?1$*1; 12 ,== /r 249. ND State v.
Zahn" 1997 ND *%" %*2 N.8.2d 737 ?N.D. 1997; 3hio (or 3hio ca0e0" 0ee M 1%" in.ra /a Scranton v
/eoCleA0 Coal Co. ?1922; 274 /a *3" 117 , *73 State :rand 6odge v <orri0on ?1923; 277 /a 41" 12+
, 7*9 ?recogniGing rule; !e ,ung0t ?19*3; 411 /a %9%" 192 ,2d 723 ?recogniGing rule; !e <-er0 N
Brei ?1924; $3 /a SuCer 3$3 ,CCeal o. !eaC ?192*; $$ /a SuCer 147 ?recogniGing rule;
Common>ealth v <orri0e- ?1942; 1%+ /a SuCer 2+2" 27 ,2d 44* De<a0i v De<a0i ?1991" /a
SuCer; %97 ,2d 1+1 Common>ealth e) rel. Ziccardi v 2endricB0 ?19*4; 33 /a D N C2d 419
?recogniGing rule; But 0ee /enn0-lvania ca0e0 limiting revie> to @ue0tion o. a=u0e o. di0cretion" M 13"
in.ra. SC (or South Carolina ca0e0" 0ee M 13" in.ra 5tah Smith v Sim=all ?193+; 7* 5tah 3%+" 2$9 /
%$$" 7+ ,6! 1+1 ?recogniGing rule; #t But 0ee #ila0 v Burton ?1$%4; 27 #t %*. !e Con0olidated
!endering Co. ?19+7; $+ #t %%" ** , 79+" a..d 2+7 5S %41" %2 6 Ed 327" 2$ S Ct 17$ ?aCCarentl-
recogniGing rule; Cutting v Cutting ?192$; 1+1 #t 3$1" 143 , *7* ?recogniGing rule; Socon- <o=ile
3il Co. v <a00ena 1ron N <etal Co. ?19**; 12% #t 4+3" 217 ,2d %* #a Street v. Street" 24 #a. ,CC.
14" 4$+ S.E.2d 11$ ?1997; 33 ,.6.!.3d 44$ /age 1$1 33 ,.6.!.3d 44$ ?3riginall- Cu=li0hed in
197+; (or #irginia ca0e0" 0ee M 1%" in.ra , Fudgment o. contemCt .or Cu=li0hing in a ne>0CaCer an
article critical o. the Fudge in a Cending ca0e >a0 held revie>a=le =- >rit o. error" in /eoCle v :il=ert
?1917; 2$1 1ll *19" 11$ NE 19*. &he court 0aid that >hile the court again0t >hich the alleged
contemCtuou0 matter i0 Cu=li0hed Ca00e0 on the @ue0tion >hether or not the Cu=li0hed matter i0
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MOTION TO SET ASIDE ORDER AND NOTICE OF AEA! OF S"MMAR# CONTEMT ORDER$ a%& MOTION FOR REC"SA! OF '"D(E )O*ARD$
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actuall- contemCtuou0" -et the deci0ion o. that court i0 not conclu0ive: a >rit o. error ma- =e 0ued out
to revie> the Fudgment o. the lo>er court. ,n order o. commitment .or contemCt o. court .or
re.u0ing to give a deCo0ition >a0 held to =e a .inal" aCCeala=le order" in 2ill v &homa0 B. 4e..er- Co.
?192+; 292 1ll 49+" 127 NE 124. &he court 0aid that the order o. commitment =- the 0uCerior court
>a0 a .inal Fudgment in the ancillar- Croceeding that >a0 =rought to en.orce the interlocutor- order
directing the Clainti.. to aCCear and te0ti.-. 8hile the CurCo0e o. that Croceeding >a0 connected >ith
and had it0 .oundation in the main ca0e" rea0oned the court" it >a0 a 0eCarate ca0e Cro0ecuted
indeCendentl- to en.orce a comCliance >ith the order o. the court. &he court 0aid that >hether that
order to te0ti.- >a0 interlocutor- or .inal >a0 immaterial: i. it >a0 la>.ull- made it >a0 the Clainti..A0
dut- to o=e- it" and a Fudgment either that he >a0 guilt- o. contemCt or that he >a0 not >a0 a .inal
Fudgment. See" ho>ever" /eoCle e) rel. :eneral <otor0 CorC. v Bua ?19*7; 37 1ll 2d 1$+" 22* NE2d
*" >here the court 0aid that >hile ordinaril- a contemCt adFudication i0 a .inal and aCCeala=le order"
thi0 rule >ould not =e .ollo>ed >here" in0tead o. the traditional .ine or imCri0onment a0 Cuni0hment
.or contemCt" the de.endant held in contemCt >a0 Cuni0hed =- having it0 an0>er to the amended
comClaint 0tricBen and Fudgment entered again0t it. &he contemCt >a0 adFudged .or .ailure to comCl-
>ith Cretrial di0cover- order0" and >hile the court determined that the 0triBing o. Cleading0 and the
entr- o. a de.ault Fudgment >a0 Cermi00i=le a0 a 0anction .or the nonCroduction o. document0 under a
court rule authoriGed =- the legi0lature" the court held that thi0 could not =e u0ed to render an
interlocutor- order .inal and aCCeala=le =- the u0e o. contemCt language. &he imCo0ition o. a .ine or
imCri0onment a0 a 0anction .or contemCt i0 .inal and aCCeala=le =ecau0e it i0 an original 0Cecial
Croceeding" collateral to and indeCendent o. the ca0e in >hich the contemCt ari0e0" e)Clained the
court" =ut the 0anction imCo0ed in thi0 ca0e did not directl- a..ect the outcome o. the CrinciCal action.
&here.ore the court concluded that 0ince the contemCt order" in e..ect" determined lia=ilit- >ithout a
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MOTION TO SET ASIDE ORDER AND NOTICE OF AEA! OF S"MMAR# CONTEMT ORDER$ a%& MOTION FOR REC"SA! OF '"D(E )O*ARD$
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determination o. damage0" it >a0 not -et .inal and aCCeala=le. 8hile recogniGing the right to aCCeal"
the court in /eoCle v Den 5-l ?1949; 323 <ich 49+" 3% N82d 4*7" in con0idering an aCCeal .rom
one con.ined .or contemCt in re.u0ing to an0>er certain @ue0tion0 =e.ore an e)amining magi0trate"
ruled that the di0mi00al o. the CrinciCal ca0e ?=ecau0e the Cro0ecution could not Croceed >ithout the
>itne00A te0timon-; a=ated the contemCt Croceeding and re@uired the di0mi00al o. the aCCeal. &he
court" ho>ever" in the order di0mi00ing the aCCeal" al0o di0mi00ed the >arrant o. commitment under
>hich the >itne00 >a0 con.ined. , chancer- decree adFudging a corCoration to =e in contemCt o.
court .or di0o=e-ing a court order >a0 held aCCeala=le in Socon- <o=il 3il Co. v <a00ena 1ron N
<etal Co. ?19**; 12% #t 4+3" 217 ,2d %*" on the authorit- o. an earlier ca0eJ2K that di..ered .rom the
ca0e at =ar onl- =ecau0e it originated in the Count- Court rather than the Court o. Chancer-" and that
>a0 held to =e CroCerl- tran0.erred to the SuCreme Court =- >a- o. a =ill o. e)ceCtion0. ,n' 33
,.6.!.3d 44$ /age 1$2 33 ,.6.!.3d 44$ ?3riginall- Cu=li0hed in 197+; other ca0e"J3K >hich held
that an aCCeal >ould not lie .rom the decree o. the
chancellor in matter0 o. contemCt" >a0 relied uCon to 0uCCort a motion to di0mi00 the aCCeal" =ut the
court" Cointing out that a 1941 0tatute Crovided that cau0e0 heard in chancer- Ca00 to the SuCreme
Court in the 0ame manner a0 aCCeal0 .rom Count- Court" 0aid that the e..ect o. thi0 legi0lation >a0 to
a=oli0h aCCeal0 in chancer- a0 the- Creviou0l- e)i0ted" and to 0u=0titute the 0tatute0 aCClica=le to
o=tain revie> o. Count- Court Croceeding0. &here.ore" concluded the court" the #ila0 Ca0e Cre0ented
no o=0tacle to the Cending aCCeal. C5<56,&1#E S5//6E<EN& Ca0e0: &o o=tain aCCellate
revie>" 0u=Coenaed Cart- mu0t de.- di0trict courtA0 en.orcement order" =e held in contemCt" and then
aCCeal contemCt order" >hich i0 regarded a0 .inal. D-neg- <id0tream Service0 v. &rammochem" 4%1
(.3d $9 ?2d Cir. 2++*;. 8here 0ecuritie0 trading corCoration >a0 adFudged in contemCt .or .ailing to
turn over taCe recording a0 ordered =- court" court had Furi0diction to revie> contemCt order even
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though imCo0ition o. 0anction0 >a0 0ta-ed and no 0anction0 >ere .ormulated Crior to entr- o. 0ta-. !e
&hree :rand 4ur- Su=Coena0 ?19$$" C,2 N7; $47 (2d 1+24. , di0trict courtA0 ruling on an
aCClication .or a contemCt order i0 revie>ed .or a=u0e o. di0cretion. (rontier'SemCer Con0tructor0"
1nc. v. ,merican !ocB Salt Co." 224 (. SuCC. 2d %2+ ?8.D. N.7. 2++2;. /o0t'Fudgment order0 o.
contemCt are >ithin an aCCellate courtA0 Furi0diction a0 revie>a=le I.inal order0.I 2$ 5.S.C.,. M 1291.
Berne CorC. v. :overnment o. &he #irgin 10land0" %7+ (.3d 13+ ?3d Cir. 2++9;. Court o. ,CCeal0
had Furi0diction o. de.endantA0 aCCeal o. contemCt order" although contemCt order o. it0el. did not
con0titute a .inal order that could =e aCCealed" >here Cortion o. order that included contemCt .inding
>a0 comClete and .inal. < N C CorC. v. Er>in Behr :m=2 N Co." 2$9 (ed. ,CC). 927 ?*th Cir.
2++$;. 8hen the di0o=e-ed order >ould =e indeCendentl- aCCeala=le under an e)ceCtion to the .inal'
deci0ion rule" then the contemCt citation al0o ma- =e aCCeala=le. S.E.C. v. <cNamee" 4$1 (.3d 4%1"
(ed. Sec. 6. !eC. ?CC2; / 94172 ?7th Cir. 2++7;. :rant or denial o. contemCt order i0 revie>ed .or
a=u0e o. di0cretion" =ut order o. contemCt i0 revie>ed more 0earchingl-. 5.S. v. &eeCle" 2$* (.3d
1+47" $9 ,.(.&.!.2d 2++2'21+2 ?$th Cir. 2++2;. ContemCt adFudication i00ued in Co0tFudgment Cha0e
o. civil action >a0 aCCeala=le >hether contemCt >a0 con0idered to =e civil or criminal" 0ince
adFudication Co00e00ed attri=ute0 o. oCerativene00 and con0e@uence nece00ar- to aCCeala=ilit-.
Con0umer0 :a0 N 3il" 1nc. v. (armland 1ndu0trie0" 1nc." $4 (.3d 3*7" 34 (ed. !. Serv. 3d 1%%+ ?1+th
Cir. 199*;. Denial o. motion .or order to 0ho> cau0e >h- Cart- 0hould not =e held in contemCt i0
.inal" aCCeala=le order. &homa0 v. Blue Cro00 and Blue Shield ,00An" %94 (.3d $14 ?11th Cir. 2+1+;.
, contemCt order i0 .inal and aCCeala=le >hen the oCCortunit- to Curge the contemCt ha0 Ca00ed and
the Co0ition o. the Cartie0 ha0 =een a..ected =- the contemCt order. SeiBo EC0on CorC. v. NuTSote
1ntern." 1nc." 19+ (.3d 13*+" %2 5.S./.U.2d ?BN,; 1+11 ?(ed. Cir. 1999;" rehAg denied" in =anc
0ugge0tion declined" ?3ct. 19" 1999;. 33 ,.6.!.3d 44$ /age 1$3 33 ,.6.!.3d 44$ ?3riginall-
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MOTION TO SET ASIDE ORDER AND NOTICE OF AEA! OF S"MMAR# CONTEMT ORDER$ a%& MOTION FOR REC"SA! OF '"D(E )O*ARD$
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Cu=li0hed in 197+; , contemCt order i0 a .inal" aCCeala=le order. &helman v. State" 37% ,rB. 11*" 2$9
S.8.3d 7* ?2++$;. ContemCt Fudgment i0 revie>a=le .inal order. C.:.S.,. M %1T33. State v. Bre0cia"
123 Conn. ,CC. 342" 1 ,.3d 114% ?2+1+;. ,CCellate Court >ill rever0e a .inding o. contemCt onl- i.
the Court conclude0 the trial court a=u0ed it0 di0cretion. Do>d v. Do>d" 9* Conn. ,CC. 7%" $99 ,.2d
7* ?2++*;. Even i. adFudication o. contemCt >a0 con0idered .inal Fudgment" court >a0 >ithout
Furi0diction >here notice o. aCCeal >a0 .iled more than a month =e.ore 0entencing. 8e0t v 5nited
State0 ?Di0t Col ,CC; 34* ,2d %+4. 3rder o. .amil- court in matrimonial action determining cu0tod-
o. children demanding 0uCCort Ca-ment0" alloting Cer0onal CroCert- and .inding Cart- in contemCt .or
violation o. Crior order >a0 .inal and aCCeala=le" not>ith0tanding continuing Furi0diction o. .amil-
court to modi.- order. Cleveland v Cleveland ?1977" 2a>aii; %%9 /2d 744. , contemCt order i0
aCCeala=le under the 0ame circum0tance0 a0 an- other order or Fudgment entered in a civil or criminal
action. Callaghan v. Callaghan" 142 1daho 1$%" 12% /.3d 1+*1 ?2++%;. 5nder rule that revie> o.
alread- i00ued contemCt order mu0t =e =- >rit o. revie> or =- aCCeal" >rit o. Crohi=ition >a0 not
CroCer remed- =- >hich to conte0t order .inding divorced >i.e in contemCt .or .ailure to grant
vi0itation right0 to divorced hu0=and. De- v Cunningham" 93 1daho *$4" 471 /2d 71. 3rdinaril-"
adFudication in contemCt Croceeding i0 .inal and aCCeala=le =ecau0e it i0 original 0Cecial Croceeding"
collateral to" and indeCendent o." ca0e in >hich contemCt ari0e0" >here imCo0ition o. 0anction doe0
not directl- a..ect outcome o. CrinciCal action" even though 0uch adFudication doe0 not di0Co0e o. all
i00ue0 in litigation. Earle0 v. Earle0" 2$7 1ll. Dec. 4++" $1% N.E.2d 12+3 ?,CC. Ct. 3d Di0t. 2++4;. 1t i0
aCCroCriate .or a Cart- to re@ue0t that a contemCt order =e entered again0t it 0o that Cart- ma- 0eeB
immediate aCCeal o. a trial courtA0 di0cover- order. 8e== v. <ount Sinai 2o0C. and <edical Center
o. Chicago" 1nc." 2$3 1ll. Dec. 1$%" $+7 N.E.2d 1+2* ?,CC. Ct. 10t Di0t. 2++4;. 8hen an individual
aCCeal0 .rom a contemCt 0anction imCo0ed .or violating" or threatening to violate" a di0cover- order"
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the contemCt .inding i0 .inal and aCCeala=le and Cre0ent0 to the revie>ing court the CroCriet- o. that
di0cover- order. !eda v. ,dvocate 2ealth Care" 199 1ll. 2d 47" 2*2 1ll. Dec. 394" 7*% N.E.2d 1++2
?2++2;. 4udgment o. contemCt again0t la> .irm .or violating order to >ithdra> aCCearance a.ter .irm
>a0 di0@uali.ied .rom reCre0enting de.endant con0tituted .inal and aCCeala=le Fudgment and
Cre0ented to court .or revie> CroCriet- o. courtA0 order" even though 0ugge0tion that la> .irm re.u0e
to >ithdra> came .rom trial Fudge and underl-ing controver0- >a0 not certi.ied .or revie>. 1nde)
(uture0 :rouC" 1nc. v Street ?19$7" 10t Di0t; 1*3 1ll ,CC 3d *%4" 114 1ll Dec 73%" %1* NE2d $9+. &he
Court o. ,CCeal0 >ill rever0e a trial courtA0 .inding o. contemCt onl- >here there i0 no evidence or
in.erence0 .rom the record to 0uCCort it. Deel v. Deel" 9+9 N.E.2d 1+2$ ?1nd. Ct. ,CC. 2++9;.
ContemCt Fudgment .or violation o. an order o. the court regarding child vi0itation >a0 .inal and
there.ore aCCeala=le. &hi=odeau) v. &hi=odeau)" 74$ So. 2d 11$+ ?6a. Ct. ,CC. %th Cir. 1999;. 33
,.6.!.3d 44$ /age 1$4 33 ,.6.!.3d 44$ ?3riginall- Cu=li0hed in 197+; 1nterlocutor- Fudgment
.inding e)T>i.e in contemCt and ordering her to Ca- a .ine and attorne- .ee0 threatened irreCara=le
inFur-" and thu0" direct aCCeal could =e taBen. DucB0>orth v. DucB0>orth" 727 So. 2d 12%4 ?6a. Ct.
,CC. 4th Cir. 1999;. , Cart- .ound in contemCt ha0 a right to aCCeal .rom that deci0ion even though
the merit0 o. the litigation in >hich the contemCt order >a0 entered have not -et =een re0olved.
<orri0 v. 8alden" $%* So. 2d 7+% ?<i00. Ct. ,CC. 2++3;. ,CCellate court >ill not rever0e a contemCt
citation >here the chancellorA0 .inding0 are 0uCCorted =- 0u=0tantial credi=le evidence. :ood0on v.
:ood0on" $1* So. 2d 42+ ?<i00. Ct. ,CC. 2++2;. ,lthough 0eCarate i00ue0 o. main Cetition and
contemCt >ere addre00ed >ithin 0ame Fudgment" each Cortion o. Fudgment >a0 0eCaratel- aCCeala=le.
S&6 CaCital <anagement" 66C v. Brda" 2+7 S.8.3d *49 ?<o. Ct. ,CC. E.D. 2++*;. 8hile contemCt
order0 generall- are .inal and not aCCeala=le" e)ceCtion e)i0t0 .or .amil-T la> ca0e0" in >hich aCCeal0
are Cermitted. 2eath v 2eath ?199%" <ont; 9+1 /2d %9+. ,lthough contemCtTo.Tcourt order0 i00ued
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=- Di0trict Court are .inal and u0uall- unrevie>a=le e)ceCt =- >a- o. >rit o. certiorari or revie>"
e)ceCtion e)i0t0 .or contemCt order0 made in di00olutionTo.Tmarriage Croceeding0. 1n re <arriage o.
Bohar0Bi ?1993; 2%7 <ont 71" $47 /2d 7+9. ,n aCCellate court" revie>ing a .inal Fudgment or order
in a contemCt Croceeding" revie>0 .or error0 aCCearing on the record. Dougla0 Count- e) rel.
Dougla0 Count- ,00e00orA0 3..ice v. So>al" 27+ Ne=. 9$2" 7+$ N.8.2d **$ ?2++*;. ,CCellate court"
revie>ing .inal Fudgment or order in contemCt Croceeding" revie>0 .or error0 aCCearing on record.
Slingin0mith v. 8ichmann" 2%2 Ne=. $$9" %*7 N.8.2d 172 ?1997;. , contemCt order imCo0ing a
Cunitive 0anction i0 a .inal order and i0 revie>a=le on aCCeal. <cDermott v. <cDermott" $ Ne=. ,CC.
$*+" *+2 N.8.2d *7* ?1999;. 8hether the trial court adhered to the re@ui0ite Crocedure0 in a criminal
contemCt Croceeding i0 a @ue0tion o. la>" >hich i0 revie>ed de novo. <ortgage SCeciali0t0" 1nc. v.
Dave-" 9+4 ,.2d *%2 ?N.2. 2++*;. , .inding o. contemCt" com=ined >ith a 0anction .or contemCt"
.orm0 a .inal aCCeala=le order. State v. ,dam0" 1%3 3hio ,CC. 3d 134" 2++3'3hio'3+$*" 791 N.E.2d
1+4% ?7th Di0t. 2arri0on Count- 2++3;. , contemCt Croceeding" even though it gro>0 out o. another
Croceeding" i0 ordinaril- regarded a0 a collateral or 0eCarate action .rom the underl-ing ca0e and i0
0eCaratel- aCCeala=le" >ith aCCellate revie> limited to the contemCt order it0el.. 6erma v. 8al'<art
Store0" 1nc." 2++* 3S $4" 14$ /.3d $$+ ?3Bla. 2++*;. 3rder o. contemCt i0 .inal and aCCeala=le >hen
the order contain0 a Cre0ent .inding o. contemCt and imCo0e0 0anction0. 1n re C.8." 2++$ /, SuCer
2%4" 9*+ ,.2d 4%$ ?2++$;. , contemCt order i0 aCCeala=le >here the order con0titute0 a .inal one that
imCo0e0 0anction0 uCon the o..ending Cart-. &aBo0B- v. 2enning" 2++* /, SuCer 237" 9+* ,.2d
12%% ?2++*;. SuCerior Court >ill rever0e trial courtA0 determination a0 to contemCt conviction onl-
>hen there ha0 =een Clain a=u0e o. di0cretion. Com. v. 2aigh" 2++% /, SuCer 139" $74 ,.2d 1174
?2++%;" reargument denied" ?4une 17" 2++%;. ContemCt order Creventing neigh=or0
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.rom u0ing CroCert- o>ner0A Cond >a0 immediatel- aCCeala=le9 it imCo0ed co0t o. =ond on
neigh=or0" and thi0 0anction could not =e Curged. 33 ,.6.!.3d 44$ /age 1$% 33 ,.6.!.3d 44$
?3riginall- Cu=li0hed in 197+; 8olanin v. 2a0hagen" 2++3 /, SuCer 2%$" $29 ,.2d 331 ?2++3;. 1n a
ca0e o. contemCt" the trial court ma- .ind a Cart- in contemCt and that Cart- ma- aCCeal the .inding o.
contemCt" =ut the Cart- a0Bing .or the contemCt ma- not" a0 it i0 not aggrieved. Borough o. Slatington
v. Ziegler" $9+ ,.2d $ ?/a. Comm>. Ct. 2++%;. Since a contemCt order i0 .inal in nature" an order
comCelling di0cover- ma- =e aCCealed onl- a.ter a trial court hold0 a Cart- in contemCt. &ucBer v.
2onda o. South Carolina <.g." 1nc." %$2 S.E.2d 4+% ?S.C. 2++3;. &he .inding o. contemCt i0
immediatel- aCCeala=le. E) Carte Cannon" *$% S.E.2d $14 ?S.C. Ct. ,CC. 2++9;. Circuit courtA0
remed- or Cuni0hment .or contemCt o. court i0 revie>ed under the a=u0e o. di0cretion 0tandard.
SaGama v. State e) rel. <uilen=erg" 2++7 SD 17" 729 N.8.2d 33% ?S.D. 2++7;. , trial courtA0 .inding
o. contemCt i0 revie>ed .or a=u0e o. di0cretion. State e) rel. (lo>er0 v. &enne00ee &rucBing ,00An
Sel. 1n0. :rouC &ru0t" 2+9 S.8.3d *+2 ?&enn. Ct. ,CC. 2++*;" aCCeal denied" ?3ct. 3+" 2++*;. , trial
courtA0 0entence .or contemCt" liBe the e)erci0e o. it0 contemCt Co>er" i0 revie>a=le .or a=u0e o.
di0cretion. State v. ClarB" 2++% 5& 7%" 124 /.3d 23% ?5tah 2++%;. &rial court0 have di0cretion to
i00ue contemCt order0" and rever0al o. a contemCt Fudgment i0 aCCroCriate onl- i. the trial courtA0
di0cretion >a0 either totall- >ithheld or e)erci0ed on ground0 clearl- untena=le or unrea0ona=le. 1n re
DucBman" $9$ ,.2d 734 ?#t. 2++*;. ,n adFudication o. contemCt i0 aCCeala=le i. it i0 a .inal order or
Fudgment9 i.e." the contumac-" the Cart-A0 >ill.ul re0i0tance to the contemCt order" i0 e0ta=li0hed" and
the 0anction i0 a coercive one de0igned to comCel comCliance >ith the courtA0 order. !,/ 2.2?a;. 1n re
E0tate0 o. Smaldino" 212 /.3d %79 ?8a0h. Ct. ,CC. Div. 1 2++9;. ,CCeal0 .rom contemCt order0 are
one'Fudge aCCeal0. 8.S.,. 7%2.31?2;?h;. 1n re 8a0hington" 2++* 81 ,CC 99" 71* N.8.2d 17* ?8i0.
Ct. ,CC. 2++*;.
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CONCLUSION
Ba0ed uCon the .oregoing the under0igned re0Cect.ull- re@ue0t0 that thi0 Court 0et a0ide it0
3rder o. Decem=er 1*
th
" 2+11" Set ,0ide the Summar- ContemCt 3rder; and an- other relie. thi0
Court deem0 Fu0t. ,CCellant Declare0 under
Cenalt- o. CerFur-" Cur0uant to N!S %3.+4%" that the a00ertion0 in thi0 document are true and correct.
AFFIRMATION PURSUANT TO NRS 267B5060
&he under0igned doe0 here=- a..irm that the Creceding document doe0 not contain the 0ocial
0ecurit- num=er o. an- Cer0on.
Dated: (e=ruar- 22" 2+12
LSL Zach CoughlinVVVVVVVV
Zach Coughlin" De.endant
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PROOF OF SERVICE
/ur0uant to N!C/ %?=;" 1 certi.- that 1 0erved a coC- o. the .oregoing document uCon the
.ollo>ing Cart- =- .a)ing" emailing" droCCing !. at their o..ice" and Clacing a true and correct coC-
o. the .oregoing document in the u0 mail. addre00ed tC:
/amela !o=ert0" E0@.
4ohn Sadlic" E0@.
!eno Cit- ,ttorne-A0 3..ice ' Criminal Divi0on
/.3. Bo) 19++ !eno " N# $9%+%
&el: 77%'334'2+%+ (a): 77%'334'242+
ro=ert0COreno.gov
,ttorne- .or Cit- o. !eno
!eno <uniciCal Courth
Date thi0 (e=ruar- 22" 2+12:
LSL Zach Coughlin
Zach Coughlin" /lainti..
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INDE8 TO E8HIBITS
1. E)hi=it 1: 4anuar- 1+
th
" 2+12 email .rom !<C 1nterim Court ,dmini0trator Ca00andra 4acB0on
>ith ,ttached Decem=er 1*
th
" 2+11 3rder o. 4udge 2o>ard9 (our ?4; Cage0
and ,ll email0 .rom ZachCoughlinOhotmail.com to !eno<uni!ecord0O!eno.gov .rom 1+L4L11 to
Cre0ent9 citing to attached Cd. .iling0 that 0hould =e included in the !ecord on ,CCeal" -t are not in
0ome in0tance09 (ort- (our ?44; Cage0.
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