effective AA altitude 8 50 feet 100ft 147ft 250ft 328ft 500ft 699ft 899 ft 1200ft 1499ft sea-level ground level

NOE1 ground level NOE2 ground level NOE3 ground level NOE4 ground level NOE5 ground level ground level ground level ground level very-low altitude very-low altitude very-low altitude very-low altitude 5,500ft very-low altitude 2,200 m low altitude low altitude 10,000ft low altitude medium altitude medium altitude medium altitude medium-high altitude 7,160 m medium-high altitude high altitude Troposphere high altitude high altitude very-high altitude very-high altitude very-high altitude extreme altitude extreme altitude

6 12.7mm

5 20mm

3 40mm 2 88mm 90mm 1

Pressure altitude divided by 100 feet is referred to as the flight level (FL) 15 m 30m 45m 76m 100m 152m 213 m for open sea 274 m for open terrain 366 m for suburbs or low hills 457 m for large cities FL 0600 m (2,000 ft) large hills FL 0900 m (3,000 ft) low mountains FL 1200 m (3,900 ft) FL 1500 m (4,900 ft) FL 1800 m (5,900 ft) FL 2100 m (6,900 ft) mountain ranges FL 2500 m (8,200 ft) FL 3000 m (9,800 ft) FL 3300 m (10,800 ft) high mountains FL 4800 m (15,700 ft) FL 5100 m (16,700 ft) FL 5400 m (17,700 ft) FL 7200 m (23,600 ft) FL 7500 m (24,600 ft) FL 9000 m (29,500 ft) FL 9600 m (31,500 ft) FL 10200 m (33,500 ft) 36,090 ft FL 12000 m (39,400 ft) FL 12800m (42,000ft) 15,850m 18,288m (32,000km) 104,986ft 50km (31 miles) 80 kilometres (262,464ft) 80 kilometres 100 kilometres 200 kilometres 300 kilometres 400 kilometres 500 kilometres 600 kilometres

Stratosphere Mesosphere

Thermosphere 700 kilometres 800 kilometres 900 kilometres 1000 kilometres 2000 kilometres 3000 kilometres 4000 kilometres 5000 kilometres 6000 kilometres 7000 kilometres 8000 kilometres 9000 kilometres Exosphere 20000 kilometres 30000 kilometres 40000 kilometres 50000 kilometres

upper boundary of the exosphere

60000 kilometres 70000 kilometres 80000 kilometres 90000 kilometres 100000 kilometres 110000 kilometres 120000 kilometres 130000 kilometres 140000 kilometres 150000 kilometres 160000 kilometres 170000 kilometres 180000 kilometres 193,121.28 kilometer

de divided by 100 feet is referred to as the flight level (FL) at understory canopy layer or 'sea level' the standard gives a pressure of 1.013 bar and a temperature of 15C, and an initial lapse rate of -6.5 C/km to 12km Residential buildings, utility pole, telephone pole, power pole tree canopy level Tall buildings, concrete pylons with heights of up to 75 metres emergent tree layer canopy and lattice steel electricity pylon Over Populated Areas : an altitude of 500 feet AGL; 1940s transmission towers wind gradient turbulence height; modern transmission towers wind gradient turbulence height; Lowest safe altitude; wind gradient turbulence in the wind flow just a few hundred meters above the the earth's surfacethe surfac wind gradient turbulence height wind gradient turbulence height Oxford English Dictionary suggests a limit of 2000 ft (610 m) Transition altitude in Europe; highest altitude at which an aircraft in normal operation should use an altimeter pressure setting indicating height above mean sea lev Transition altitude in Europe Transition altitude in Europe Transition altitude in Europe atmospheric boundary layer (ABL)

Instrument flight rules are for low-altitude navigation and tactical training below 3050 m (10000 ft) and at airspeeds in excess of 460 km/h (250 knots) at night and i Medium-Altitude Long-Endurance (MALE) refers to an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) that flies at an altitude window of 10,000 ft to 30,000 ft Atmospheric pressure decreases with height, dropping by 50% at an altitude of about 5.6 km (18,000 ft). Himalayas average 5 km above sea level 15,000 to 18,000 feet troposphere 7 km (23,000 ft) at the poles troposphere HALO/HAHO insertions, the troops are dispatched from altitudes between 25,000(circa 7500m) - 35,000ft(circa 10500m). surface to 8000 m / 5 miles at poles 18,000 m / 11 miles at equator, ending at the Tropopause. troposphere 30,000 feet; Everest, 8,848 m (29,029 feet) The common cruising altitude of commercial airliners is about 10 km in troposphere. stratosphere between about 10 km (6 miles) and 50 km (31 miles) International Standard Atmosphere

Most commercial jetliners have a ceiling of about 42,000 feet (12,802 meters) stratosphere; Above 12km the tabulated temperature is essentially constant some business jets can reach a ceiling of about 52,000 feet or higher (15,850 meters.); stratosphere 90% of the atmosphere by mass is below an altitude of 16 km 60,000 ft U.S. Standard Atmosphere is a series of models that define values for atmospheric temperature, density, pressure and other properties over a wide range of altitud Tropopause to 50 km /31 miles International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) published their "ICAO Standard Atmosphere" Stratopause to 85 km /53 miles

Mesopause to 675 km / 420 miles

Thermopause to 10,000 km /6200 miles

can be defined theoretically by the altitude (about 120,000 miles, half the distance to the Moon) at which the influence of solar radiation pressure on atomic hydrog

nitial lapse rate of -6.5 C/km to 12km

rs above the the earth's surfacethe surface layer of the planetary boundary layer

setting indicating height above mean sea level (QNH). Above the transition altitude (TA) the aircraft altimeter pressure setting should be adjusted to the standard pressure setting of 1013.2 he

xcess of 460 km/h (250 knots) at night and in foul weather.

emperature is essentially constant phere by mass is below an altitude of 16 km

other properties over a wide range of altitudes to 32km.

of solar radiation pressure on atomic hydrogen velocities exceeds that of the Earths gravitational pull.

ould be adjusted to the standard pressure setting of 1013.2 hectopascals(Milibars) or 29.92 inches of mercury and aircraft altitude will be specified as a flight level

de will be specified as a flight level

Northern hemisphere Tree Maximum Height Grasses >1m Plants >2m Bushes >3 m Saplings >5 m forest floor layer Rose-of-sharon 5 m Poison sumac 6m Pawpaw 6m Chokecherry 6m Magnolia 9m Red maple 12 m Jack pine 12 m understory canopy layer Dogwood 12 m Weeping willow 15 m Quaking aspen 15 m Sugar maple 18 m Pitch pine 18 m Live oak 18 m Catalpa 18 m White birch 24 m Red oak 24 m Douglas r 24 m Cottonwood 24 m Tupelo 30 m canopy Loblolly pine 30 m American elm 30 m White pine 34 m Bald cypress 37 m Sycamore 40 m 45 m Eucalyptus 60 m emergent layer canopy Giant redwood 100 m

effective AA altitude 50 feet sea-level ground level ground level ground level ground level ground level ground level ground level very-low altitude very-low altitude 12.7mm 5,500ft very-low altitude very-low altitude very-low altitude low altitude low altitude 10,000ft low altitude medium altitude medium altitude medium altitude 15 m 30m 76m 100m 500ft 152m 213 m for open sea 274 m for open terrain 366 m for suburbs or low hills 457 m for large cities FL 0600 m (2,000 ft) large hills FL 0900 m (3,000 ft) low mountains FL 1200 m (3,900 ft) FL 1500 m (4,900 ft) FL 1800 m (5,900 ft) FL 2100 m (6,900 ft) mountain ranges FL 2500 m (8,200 ft) FL 3000 m (9,800 ft) FL 3300 m (10,800 ft) high mountains FL 4800 m (15,700 ft) FL 5100 m (16,700 ft) FL 5400 m (17,700 ft) FL 7200 m (23,600 ft) FL 7500 m (24,600 ft) FL 9000 m (29,500 ft) FL 9600 m (31,500 ft) FL 10200 m (33,500 ft) FL 12000 m (39,400 ft) FL 12800m (42,000ft) 15 240m (50,000ft) extreme altitude 15,850m 18,288m (32,000km) 104,986ft 50km (31 miles) 80 kilometres (262,464ft)

100ft 250ft

699ft 899 ft 1200ft 1499ft

5 20mm

2,200 m

3
40mm 7,160 m

medium-high altitude medium-high altitude high altitude 88mm 90mm high altitude high altitude very-high altitude very-high altitude extreme altitude

at sea level the standard gives a pressure of 1.013 bar and a temperature of 15C, and an initial lapse rate of -6.5 C/km to 12km Residential buildings, utility pole, telephone pole, power pole Tall buildings, concrete pylons with heights of up to 75 metres lattice steel electricity pylon Over Populated Areas : an altitude of 500 feet AGL; 1940s transmission towers wind gradient turbulence height; modern transmission towers wind gradient turbulence height; Lowest safe altitude; wind gradient turbulence in the wind flow just a few hundred meters above the the earth's surfacethe wind gradient turbulence height wind gradient turbulence height Oxford English Dictionary suggests a limit of 2000 ft (610 m) Transition altitude in Europe Transition altitude in Europe Transition altitude in Europe atmospheric boundary layer (ABL)

Transition altitude in Europe; highest altitude at which an aircraft in normal operation should use an altimeter pressure setting indicating height above mean s

Instrument flight rules are for low-altitude navigation and tactical training below 3050 m (10000 ft) and at airspeeds in excess of 460 km/h (250 knots) at night Medium-Altitude Long-Endurance (MALE) refers to an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) that flies at an altitude window of 10,000 ft to 30,000 ft Atmospheric pressure decreases with height, dropping by 50% at an altitude of about 5.6 km (18,000 ft). Himalayas average 5 km above sea level 15,000 to 18,000 feet troposphere 7 km (23,000 ft) at the poles troposphere HALO/HAHO insertions, the troops are dispatched from altitudes between 25,000(circa 7500m) - 35,000ft(circa 10500m). troposphere 30,000 feet; Everest, 8,848 m (29,029 feet) The common cruising altitude of commercial airliners is about 10 km in troposphere. stratosphere between about 10 km (6 miles) and 50 km (31 miles) Most commercial jetliners have a ceiling of about 42,000 feet (12,802 meters) stratosphere; Above 12km the tabulated temperature is essentially constant B-52 60,000 ft U.S. Standard Atmosphere is a series of models that define values for atmospheric temperature, density, pressure and other properties over a wide range of International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) published their "ICAO Standard Atmosphere"

some business jets can reach a ceiling of about 52,000 feet or higher (15,850 meters.); stratosphere 90% of the atmosphere by mass is below an altitude of 1

ve the the earth's surfacethe surface layer of the planetary boundary layer

indicating height above mean sea level (QNH). Above the transition altitude (TA) the aircraft altimeter pressure setting should be adjusted to the standard pressure setting of

of 460 km/h (250 knots) at night and in foul weather.

00 ft to 30,000 ft

ature is essentially constant

by mass is below an altitude of 16 km

properties over a wide range of altitudes to 32km.

adjusted to the standard pressure setting of 1013.2 hectopascals(Milibars) or 29.92 inches of mercury and aircraft altitude will be specified as a flight level

e specified as a flight level