Scientific Journal of Information Engineering

December 2012, Volume 2, Issue 6, PP.162-167

A Method of Oval Fruit Recognition Based on D-S

Evidential Reasoning
Juan Li1*, Jiaxing Zhu2
School of Engineering, Honghe University, Mengzi, China, 661100
Email: 132549071@qq.com; 2984948084@qq.com

Abstract
Based reasoning data fusion method, Dempster-Shafer evidence reasoning applies to class of rounded fruits recognition
experiments. Through the use of multiple sensors to observe the fruits of information, sampling, extracting characteristic
information to determine the treatment of various sensors measuring the basic belief assignment fruit, and then Dempster
combination rule to fuse the data further and improve reliability, the final identification of the effective decision-making a type of
fruit. This experiment shows the D-S evidence reasoning has a strong ability to deal with uncertain information, the result proved
the correctness and effectiveness.
Keywords: D-S Evidential Reasoning; Data Fusion; Class of Rounded Fruits Recognition

D-S

661100

Dempster-Shafer

Dempster
D-S

D-S

1 D-S
Dempster-Shafer D-S
[1]D-S
[1][2]

1.1 BPA
Ss S 2 sS
(granule)G(S)S DempsterS [2]
SPS BPAm

m : 2 [0,1]

m( A)

P ( si )

G ( si ) A

(1)
(2)

P ( si )

G ( si )

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 A(focal element)M(A)A
m(A)AAm(A)

D-SBPA1

m( A) 1, m( ) 0

(3)

1.2 belpls
(the frame of discernment)
BPAbelpls
bel ( B ) m ( A)

(4)

A B

pls ( B )

(5)

m ( A)

A B

B A
bel(B)pls(B)[1][bel(B), pls(B)]
BB [3]

pls( B) 1 bel ( B)

(6)

1.3 Dempster
Dempster
[4]
Bel1, Bel2 m1 m2 A1, , Ai B1,,
Bj

m1 ( Ai ) m2 ( B j ) <1 m: 2 [0, 1] A m()=0

Ai B j A

m( A)

m1 ( Ai ) m2 ( B j )

Ai B j A

m1 ( Ai ) m2 ( B j )

1
N

m1 ( Ai ) m2 ( B j )

(7)

Ai B j A

Ai B j

N 1

m1 ( Ai ) m2 ( B j ) >0 .

Ai B j

m Bel1Bel2 Bel1 Bel2

2 D-S
2.1 D-S

D-S

1
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D-S

Dempster

1 D-S

2.2
D-Sm(Aj)

A1, A2

m( A1 ) max{m( Ai ), Ai }

m( A2 ) max{m( Ai ), Ai Aj }

m( A1 ) m( A2 ) 1

m( ) 2
m( A ) m( )
1
A1 1, 2

3
3.1
D-S 2
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 2 2
RGB
RGB [5]
N1 N2

N1 0.21R 0.73G 0.26 B

N 2 0.86 H 0.16 S 0.47 I

(8)

RGB HSI

1 2
1
A1

A2

A3

A48

A49

A50

N1

0.4473

0.3697

0.3878

0.4293

0.4575

0.4184

N2

0.4000

0.3926

0.3654

0.4077

0.4219

0.4034

2
B1

B2

B3

B48

B49

B50

N1

0.4722

0.4906

0.4995

0.4453

0.4789

0.4507

N2

0.3650

0.3679

0.3709

0.3792

0.3837

0.3673

3.2
[6-12]
= {A1, , AN}A1, , AN N
N=2A1 A2 i Ui =(ui1, , uiM)Ti=1, 2, M
2
Y C=(c1, c2)T C Ui(i =1, 2)
F=(f1, f2, f3)=(C, U1, U2) F rij R

rij

min( f

ik

, f jk )

k 1

, (i,j=1,2,3)

max( f

ik

(9)

, f jk )

k 1

R 1
R r11, r12, r13 r1j (j=2, 3) A j1 r1j
A j1

rmax=(r12, r13)
r1 j
u j 1
, (j=2,3)
rmax

(10)

d i u i r1,i 1 , (i=1,2)
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(11)

1
i 1

di

di

(12)

i 1

Ai
d
, m( )
m( Ai ) 2 i
di

i 1

(13)

i 1

3
3
A1

A2

m1 ()

0.4379

0.5177

0.0444

m2 ()

0.3520

0.5580

0.09

3.3
Dempster A1, A2 4

m2 ( A1 )
0.3520

m2 ( A2 )
0.5580

m1 ( A1 )

m1 ( A2 )

m1 ( )

0.4379

0.5177

0.0444

m1 ( A1 ) m2 ( A1 )

m1 ( A2 ) m2 ( A1 )

m1 ( ) m2 ( A1 )

m1 ( A1 ) m2 ( A2 )

m1 ( A2 ) m2 ( A2 )

m1 ( ) m2 ( A2 )

m1 ( A1 ) m2 ( )

m1 ( A2 ) m2 ( )

m1 ( ) m2 ( )

m2 ( )
0.09

m( A)

m1 ( Ai ) m2 ( B j )

Ai B j A

m1 ( Ai ) m2 ( B j )

1
N

m1 ( Ai ) m2 ( B j ) ,

Ai B j A

Ai B j

A1, A2

N 1

m1 ( Ai ) m2 ( B j ) =0.5735

Ai B j

m( A1 ) =0.3646

m( A2 ) =0.6282
m ( ) =0.0070
4

m( A1 ) + m( A2 ) + m ( ) =0.9998 1.
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3.4
1=0.2, 2=0.05 m( A2 )

m( A2 ) m( A1 ) 0.2636 0.2

m() 0.0070 0.05

m( A ) m()
2
Y A2
1 2
5
5

1=0.1, 2=0.1

1=0.2, 2=0.05

1=0.1, 2=0.1

1=0.2, 2=0.05

98%

97%

97%

97%

4
D-S,

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[3] , . Dempster-Shafer. . Vol21(5): pp. 603-609, 2001
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