RIZAL COURSE

Chapter 17: El Filibusterismo: A Revolution that Failed

Rizal completed the revision of El Fili in Brussels Manuscript was completed in Biarritz ||Rizal in Ghent|| Two reasons to move to Ghent: Cheaper cost of printing Evade enticing attraction of Petite Suzanne ||The Publication of the El Filibusterismo|| F. Meyer-Van Loo Press Valentine Ventura gave Rizal money ||Comparison of Noli and El Fili|| Noli Me Tangere Romantic novel, work of the heart, book of feeling Dedicated to the Philippines Longer, 64 chapters Advocated peaceful reforms through Ibarra El Filibusterismo Political novel, work of the head, book of thought Dedicated to GOMBURZA Shorter, 38 chapters Advocated a revolution through Simoun Both Awakening of the Filipinos to the idea that they belong to one nation Focused towards the seeking of reforms in our society Depicted actual conditions of the Philippines then Instrumental in awakening the spirit of the Filipino nationalism ||Symbolical Interpretation of the Fili|| Simoun Represents portion of the Filipino society which, tired of oppressors rule wanted that rule to be overthrown but had no systematic plan The Black Cardinal Maria Clara Symbolized the friar-dominated culture Senor Pasta Idealist turned mercenary Represent those who have abandoned their noble social ideas, serving only the interest of those who hired them Isagani Symbolizes the untested and unreliable idealism of a segment of the educated Filipino youths of the time Paulita Gomez Filipino womanhood Basilio Segment of the educated Filipino society which has been so brutalized that it has become insensible to the social welfare Weaknesses of Rizal Placido Penitente Elements of the Philippine Society, which had not yet been infused with a national sentiment or social conscience Don Custodio One who finds pleasure in developing a feeling of inferiority among the people Cabesang Tales, Juli, school master Pattern of suffering ||The Message of El Fili|| Present system of government in the Philippines through corrupt officials, dominated by the friars can lead to the downfall of Spain Spanish colonial government for Rizal was arbitrary, cruel, lacking in a sense of justice and responsibility, without interest in the people under its tutelage

He condemned the friars for their greed, corruption, hypocrisy and cowardice, which contributed so much to the abuse of the civil officials and the friars ||The Reluctant Revolutionary and His Concept of Independence|| Filipinos were not yet ready for a revolution as they were not ready for independence. They will only be worthy of independence the moment that had learned to prioritize social good over personal gain

Chapter 18: Back to Hong Kong and the Philippines

Reasons to leave Europe Political differences with MH del Pilar and other Filipinos, which made life for him miserable Desire to be with family ||Life in Hong Kong|| Left via Marseilles on board Melbourne No. 5 DAguilar Street and No. 2 Rednaxela Terrace ||Reawakening of Interest in Politics|| Effects of the numerous correspondences Rizal received from Europe Restored his self-confidence Re-awakened his interest in politics Re-examine his whole political strategy Conditions for a revolution to succeed Part of the army or navy should rebel Metropolis shout be at war with another country Money and munitions Some foreign country were to lend official or secret support to the insurrection ||Writings in Hong Kong|| Ang Mga Karapatan Nang Tao Rizals version of the Rights of Man To The Spanish Nation Appeal to Spain to rectify the wrongs done to the landless peasants of Calamba To My Countrymen Rizals exposition on the Calamba agrarian problem ||The Decision to Return to the Philippines|| Borneo (peaceful emigration); Cuba (eventual revolution) Reasons for his second homecoming To obtain justice and peace for the country To shoulder the burden of all persecutions against his family To do what his conscience tells him to do To prove that reviled Filipinos could die for their conviction ||Rizal Deported to Dapitan|| Charges against him Publication and introduction of various anti-monastic books and handbills Travelling through different provinces without permit Finding Poor Friars in his luggage Dedication of El Fili to GOMBURZA Rizals attempt to de-Catholicizing and denationalizing of the Filipinos *Cuerpo de compromisarios and KKK

Chapter 19: Practical Nationalism in Dapitan

||Dapitan During the Arrival of Rizal|| Politico-military outpost of Spain On board Cebu ||Rizal and Captain Carcinero|| Conditions to not stay in a Jesuit house Make a public retraction of his religious errors Issue public statements unmistakably pro-Spanish Undergo spiritual exercises of St. Ignatius Make a general confession of his past life Lead a model religious and pro-Spanish life

The Philippines would become the happiest country in the world if Spain grants her these Representation in the Spanish Cortes Secularization of the parishes Reformation of the administration in all its branches Encouragement of primary instruction and elimination of friar intervention Granting teachers of both sexes better salaries Decision of government jobs equally between the Spaniards and the Filipinos Creation of schools of arts and trades Freedom of speech and press Freedom of religion ||Community Leadership in Dapitan|| School for young boys Construction of water system Opened a clinic Taught the fishermen ||Rizal-Pastells Debate on Religion|| Reason as the sole norm of knowledge ||Rizal and Josephine Bracken|| Mr. George Tauffer Rizals sister suspected Josephine of being an emissary of the friars with evil plans Francisco: still born baby of Rizal ||Liteterary Works in Dapitan|| Hymn to Talisay My Retreat

Chapter 21: The Trial and Martyrdom of Rizal

Steamer Colon ||Preliminary Investigation|| Two kinds of evidences Documentary Testimonial Colonel Francisco Olive Judge Advocate of the Spanish military tribunal Governor Ramon Blanco Rafael Dominguez Special Judge Advocate Penas recommendations The accused be kept under the custody of law The accused be brought to trial An order of attachment issued against his property The accused be defended in court by an army officer ||The Arraignment of Rizal|| Luis de Taviel de Andrade Rizals lawyer ||The Trial of Rizal|| Hall of Banners of Cuartel de Espana ||Rizals Trial and His Alleged Guilt|| Mock trial because Tried by a military tribunal Guilty even before the trial His arguments and evidence were not accepted He was not allowed to confront his witnesses Fake evidences