Vibration absorbers (9.

11 in Rao)
Todays Objectives: Students will be able to: a) Find the steady state response of 2DOF forced system

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Examples of adding an auxiliary mass to reduce vibrations

Torsional damper, harmonic balancer (vibration absorber)

Stockbridge dampers on power lines.

Tuned mass damper atop the Taipei 101

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Vibration absorber
m2 k2 F0sint m1 k1 x1 x2

This has the EOM:

m1 0 &1 x 0 & k1 + k 2 + &2 m2 x & k2 k2 F0 x1 = sin t k2 0 x2

After assuming x1=X1sint and x2=X2sint we get (see yesterdays notes)

1 X1 = X 2 Z ( ) k 22 m2 2 k12 F0 k 22 m1 2 0 k12

So

k k 2 m2 2 F0 and X 2 = 2 F0 X1 = Z ( ) Z ( )

How do we choose k2 and m2 to reduce the amplitude of x1?

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Working model simulations

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Vibration absorbers (cont.)

Summary of equations
k 2 m2 2 X1 = F0 2 k1 + k 2 m1 2 k 2 m2 2 k 2

)(

X2 =

k2 F0 2 2 2 k1 + k 2 m1 k 2 m2 k 2

)(

So when k2/m2 = 2 we find: X1 = 0 and X2 = - F0/k

2

X1
1

0.5

1 a

1.5

1
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Operating range

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Design considerations
1. The values of k2 and m2
k1

2. The value of x2 may have a maximum allowable value

k2 m2

m1

x1 F0sint

x2

3.

4.

You may be given information on the desired natural frequency locations Equation 9.140 gives a general equation and Example 9.10 Eq. E.2 for a specific case. You may also use Maple to determine the frequencies in terms of m2 and k2. You may be given a frequency range where x1 is less then some specified value
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Notes and problems

Depends on knowing exactly (only effective in a small range of working frequencies) Single frequency device If shifts it could end up exciting a system natural frequency (resonance) Damping, which always exists to some degree, spoils the absorption

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Why not just pick a really small m2 and k2? Amplitude of X2 may be very large Operating range
Absorber mass = 1/10 primary mass Absorber mass = 1/100 primary mass

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Maple worksheet for example

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