[This sample Terms of Reference for EIA is intended to be used by Project Officers involved in the preparation of feasibility studies

for road-sector projects. The sample TOR has been written in a detailed and comprehensive manner, and Project Officers are advised to remove material that is not relevant to their particular project.]

Sample Comprehensive Terms of Reference for Environmental Impact Assessment of Roads/Highways Projects
1.0. Background Over the last three decades, environmental impact assessment (EIA) or environmental assessment (EA) has become a major tool for effective environmental management. Over the years, the focus of EA has changed towards making it a useful tool for environmental sustainability, which can be very effectively put to use to ensure that all important factors are included and unnecessary factors are revealed and dropped. This contributes towards ensuring that the environmental sinks and resources are not so excessively stressed as to cause any reduction in the assimilative capacity of the environment. 2.0. Need for Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Highway projects are generally undertaken to improve the economic and social welfare of the people. At the same time, they may also create an adverse impact on the surrounding environment. People and property in the direct path of the road works are affected. The environmental and social impact of highway projects include damage to sensitive ecosystems, soil erosion, changes to drainage pattern and thereby groundwater, interference with animal and plant life, loss of productive agricultural lands, resettlement of people, disruption of local economic activities, demographic changes, accelerated urbanization and increase in air pollution. Highway development and operation should, therefore, be planned with careful consideration of the environmental impact. To minimize these adverse effects that may be created by highway development projects, the techniques of EIA become necessary. Identification and assessment of potential environmental impact should be an integral part of the project cycle. It should commence early in the planning process to enable a full consideration of alternatives and to avoid later delays and complications.

In view of the above issues, an EIA is to be carried out with the following objectives: Establishing the environmental baseline in the study area and identifying any significant environmental issue Assessing these impacts and providing for the avoidance, mitigation and compensation measures requisite

Integrating the identified environmental issues in the project planning and design Developing appropriate management plans for implementing, monitoring and reporting of the environmental mitigation and enhancement measures suggested

The EIA studies and reporting requirements to be undertaken under this TOR must conform to the guidelines and regulations issued by the Ministry of Environment & Forests, Govt. of India (GoI), Indian Roads Congress and the World Bank. These guidelines include, inter alia, the EIA amendments for roads and highway projects. 3.0. Categorization of Projects and Activities
In India, the Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF), Govt. of India is the nodal agency for regulating EIAs. They are governed by the MoEF Notification dated Sept. 14, 2006. According to MoEF, i. All projects and activities, according to the MoEF, are broadly categorized into Category A and Category B1, based on the spatial extent of potential impacts and the potential impacts on human health and natural and manmade resources. By virtue of their size, cost and length, Physical Infrastructure projects such as (a) new national highways, (b) expansion of national highways greater than 30km, involving additional right of way greater than 20m, (c) national highways involving land acquisition and passing through more than one state are categorized as Category A projects. All projects or activities included as Category A in the Schedule, including expansion and modernization of existing projects or activities and change in product mix, shall require prior environmental clearance (EC) from the MoEF, on the recommendations of an Expert Appraisal Committee. All projects or activities included in Category B1 in the Schedule will require prior environmental clearance from the Environment Impact Assessment Authority in the state/union territory.

ii.

iii.

iv.

v.

All category A and category B1 highway projects shall undertake public consultation except expansion of roads and highways which do not involve any further acquisition of land.

The EIA comprises three stages: Environmental Screening, Project EA and creating an Environmental Management Plan (EMP). 4.0. Project Details The information given in this section is required for all three stages of the EIA of a project. 4.1. Introduction
This section should mention the project name; brief description of the project; purpose, nature, size of the project and its importance to the region and the country; profile of the project proponent; and the exact geographical location of the project. The land description, i.e. village, tehsil, district, state and extent of the land must be mentioned clearly. Any litigation(s) pending against the proposed project and/or any directions or orders passed by any court of law/statutory authority against the project is to be detailed out. In case of expansion/modernization of the road project, the environmental compliance status for the existing road should be explained. National standards and codes of practice of Indian Roads Congress (IRC) and Ministry of Surface Road Transport & Highways pertaining to environmental issues, which are relevant to the proposed project, should be furnished.

4.2. Project Description 4.2.1. This section should cover following information: Broader details of the project, location and alignment Relevance of the project in light of the existing development plans of the region/state Project coverage, master plan, phasing and scope Description of alternatives considered to avoid resettlement issues rehabilitation and

Procedures and criteria adopted for selection of the alignment of right of way and alternative alignments considered

Overall suitability of the identified alignment and the proposed activity in light of the existing environmental laws and deviations, if any Description of road alignment, broad geology, topography, connectivity, demographic aspects, socio-cultural and economic aspects, villages, settlements Details of land acquisition, rehabilitation of communities/villages and their present status Technologies used for design, construction, equipment and operation Resources, manpower, implementation time frame, etc. required for project

Estimated cost of the project, environmental cost, funding agencies, and whether the project is being implemented by the Government or on the basis of BOT

4.2.2. Essential Maps to be provided with Project Description: Highway alignment plan with the help of latest available cloud-free satellite imagery of project alignment on a 1:25,000 scale, and surrounding area covering 10km on either side of the proposed right of way showing the details of (i) protected areas notified under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, (ii) critically polluted areas as notified by the Central Pollution Control Board from time to time, (iii) notified eco-sensitive areas, (iv) inter-state and international boundaries Alignment plan, with details such as nature of terrain (plain, rolling, hilly), details of villages, teshils, districts and states, latitude and longitude for important locations falling on the alignment A map derived from the recent satellite imagery covering aerial distance of 15km from the proposed alignment, delineating environmental sensitive areas as specified in Form I of EIA notification dated Sept. 14, 2006 Land-use map of the study area on a 1: 25,000 scale based on recent satellite imagery of the study area, delineating the crop lands (both single and double crop), agricultural plantations, fallow lands, waste lands, water bodies, built-up areas, forest area and other surface features such as railway tracks, ports, airports, roads and major industries Area drainage map covering 500 meters on either side of proposed right of way Any proposed diversion of drain/canal/river either during the construction phase or operational phase

 Detailed ground surveyed map on a 1:2000 scale showing the existing features falling within the right of way, such as trees, archaeological and religious structures, monuments, etc. 4.2.3. Activities for Site Preparation: If the proposed route is passing through low-lying areas, details of fill materials and initial and final levels after filling above MSL should be provided. If the proposed route involves stripping, the details of the area to be stripped, locations, volume and quantity of earth to be removed, and type of soil and proposal for the utilization of removed top soil with location of dump site should be provided. If the proposed route involves cutting of earth, the details of area to be cut, depth of cut, locations, soil type, volume and quantity of earth and other materials to be removed with location of dump site should be provided. If the proposed route is passing through a hilly or avalanche area, the details should be provided. If the proposed route involves tunnelling, the details of the tunnel and locations of tunnelling with geological structural fraction should be provided. If the road passes through a flood plain of the river, the details of micro drainage, flood passages and information on flood periodicity in the area should be provided. If the proposed project involves any land reclamation, details for the activity that requires land to be reclaimed and the area of land to be reclaimed should be provided. If the proposed route involves any migratory path of animals, details about fauna, habitat and period of the year in which activity will take place should be provided. If there is a possibility that the construction of roads will cause destruction of forest, poaching, reduction in wetland areas, details are to be provided. If there will be any change in the drainage pattern after the proposed activity, details of changes should be furnished. If the proposed route is passing through a city or town, with houses and human habitation on the either side of the road, the necessity for provision of service ducts should be studied.

4.2.4. Provisions of the Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification:

In case the proposed route falls totally or partially in CRZ area, the category of the area needs to be indicated. Also the provision under which the activity is permitted needs to be shown. CRZ maps indicating the high tide level (HTL) and low tide level (LTL), demarcated by one of the seven authorized agencies and the project lay out superimposed on the map shall be submitted on a 1:5000 scale map. This map shall be recommended by the state/union territory CZM authority. If the proposed project involves extraction of sand, levelling or digging of sandy stretches within 500m of the HTL, the area of stretches should be mentioned. If the project involves cutting/disturbance of mangroves, details about the area, species, existing health status should be given If any sand needs to be removed from sand dunes, details should be given. If the proposed project involves any dredging, details to be given. Information should be furnished if there is a possibility of ingression of saline water into groundwater due to the proposed project.

5.0. Stage I. Environmental Screening (ES)

5.1. Scope of Work for ES This is based on the information given in the Project Details section The general approach to be adopted for ES includes the following: Preliminary reconnaissance surveys to identify environmentally sensitive issues relating to road alignment and influence area and baseline conditions, including regionally and nationally recognized environmental resources and features, environment and common property resources such as forests, large water bodies and major physical cultural properties Assessment of the potential impacts of the project on the baseline conditions Recommended mitigatory measures to offset the identified adverse impacts Stakeholder assessment and consultations along the alignment

Identification of the Valued Environmental Components (VECs) considering the baseline information (collected from both secondary and primary sources), the preliminary understanding of the activities proposed in the project and from stakeholder consultations Preliminary analysis of impacts identified in the project site, surroundings and influence area and formulation of management measures/options Preparation of scoping for project EA which will be a direct outcome of the above-mentioned ES, and shall define the boundaries of the project EA Documentation of the above-mentioned ES in the form of Environmental Screening Report

This report can form a part of the Detailed Project Report (DPR) or Technical Feasibility Report

6.0. Stage II. Project EIA

The detailed EIA and the EIA Report are prepared in this stage. The Scope of work for the project EIA is as follows: 6.1. Detailed description of the project as mentioned above in 4.2.1 (information collected from engineering and design section of the project and from the Technical Feasibility Report, along with required maps/designs/documents) 6.2. Discussion of the policy, legal and administrative framework within which the project is set, major stakeholder departments of the State and Central Government with their specific roles, applicable Laws and Acts, clearance requirements at various levels and their current status 6.3. Analysis of Alternatives (Technology & Sites) In case the scoping exercise indicates need for alternatives, this chapter shall include: Description of various technologies studied alternatives such as locations, layouts or

Summary of adverse impacts of each alternative Selection of alternative

6.4. Description of the Environment 6.4.1. Study Area As a primary requirement of EIA process, the proponent should collect primary baseline data in the project area as well as in the area within 5km of the proposed project boundary. Secondary data should be collected for area within 10km aerial distance from the project boundary, as specifically mentioned in

column 9 (iii) of Form I of EIA Notification 2006. This should be depicted on a map. The following components of the environment shall be studied: 6.4.2 Land Environment a) Land: Availability of land for earmarking for the project without causing undue hardship to local habitat and their socio-cultural and economic aspects is very important. Data on the land availability is to be ascertained from local authorities, revenue records, etc. Justification for the proposed quantum of the area is to be given.

b) Topography: Baseline data needs to be given on existing situation of the land at the proposed project area, including description of terrain hill slopes, coastal and inland topography, coastal features, if any (lowland, beaches, littoral areas, shoal areas), terrain features, slope and elevation. Study of land-use pattern, habitation, cropping pattern, forest cover, environmentally sensitive places, etc. should be made by using remote sensing techniques (if available) and secondary data sources.

c) Geology: Baseline data should be provided on rock types, regional tectonic setting (reported fractures/faulting, folding, warping), and history of any volcanic activity, seismicity and associated hazards, mainly in the coastal area. Information on quarry yields, strength of rock, distance of quarries from habitat, restrictions for quarrying, environmental controls, statutory permissions, etc. should be provided. d) Soil Data: Data pertaining to type, classification, characteristics, soil properties, etc. are important engineering considerations for design of structures. Changes in parameters of soil also may affect plantation and vegetative growth, which in turn may endanger the health of local habitat. 6.4.3. Meteorological data covering the following points should be incorporated in the EIA report Data for at least a 10-year period should be presented from the nearest meteorological station. The history of cyclones and tidal surges for the area shall be mentioned. The data pertaining to the following parameters shall be included: Wind speed and direction Rainfall Relative humidity Temperature Barometric pressures

History of cyclones

6.4.4. Air Environment Baseline data of ambient air parameters, such as RSPM, nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide, heavy metals and other harmful air pollutants depending upon the type of the location should be monitored. This data should be collected in an area extending at least 5km from the project boundary by observation at a number of locations. Specific importance should be attached to areas in close proximity to the project, say up to 1km. Data for one season, other than monsoon, should be monitored, as per the CPCB Norms. The control station should be in the up-wind/non-impact/non-polluting area. 6.4.5. Noise Baseline data on noise pollution at the project area and the neighbourhood up to 1 km or nearest residential areas is to be monitored as per the CPCB norms. 6.4.6 Water Environment a) Ground Water: Baseline data of groundwater including data on pH, dissolved solids, suspended solids, BOD, DO, coli-form bacteria, oil and heavy metals is to be collected at least for one season. Usage purpose of the groundwater, if any, is to be indicated. b) Surface Water: Baseline data on location of surface water like lagoons, lakes, tidal inlets, streams, rivers, and their details such as present quality and their utility, if any, is to be provided. Details of water bodies in the project area shall be described specifically. Water quality is to be monitored for parameters mentioned for groundwater for one season (3 months) other than monsoon season. 6.4.7. Biological Environment a) Aquatic Ecology: Baseline data of aquatic flora and fauna at the project area, including mangroves, marshes and other coastal vegetation, and sand dunes needs to be ascertained by proper surveys. b) Terrestrial Ecology: Details on secondary data on the existing flora and fauna in the study area as well as that within 10km of its boundary, carried out by an ecologist, and a statement clearly specifying whether the study area forms a part of an ecologically sensitive area or migratory corridor of any endangered fauna need to be provided. 6.4.8. Existing Solid Waste Disposal Facilities Details of authorized municipal solid waste facilities, biomedical treatment facilities and hazardous waste disposal facilities in the area should be inventoried if it they will be utilized. 6.4.9. Socio-Economic and Occupational Health Environments

Baseline data at the project area shall include the demography, particularly on human settlements, health status of the communities, existing infrastructure facilities in the proposed area and area of impact due to the proposed activity. Present employment and livelihood of these populations and awareness of the population about the proposed activity shall also be included. Issues like relocation, rehabilitation and resettlement, if applicable, need to be addressed. 6.4.10. Public Utilities Baseline data of existing public utility infrastructure shall be ascertained and reported to assess the impacts of the project on these public utilities in order to incorporate desired methods in the EMP and the same shall be monitored during the construction as well as operational phases of the road/highways. 6.5 Anticipated Impacts and Mitigation Measures This chapter shall describe the likely impact of the project on each of the environmental component and the methods adopted for assessing the impact such as model studies, empirical methods, reference to existing similar situations, reference to previous studies, etc. Further, details of mitigation, methods proposed to reduce adverse effects of the project and reference to the models along with the inputs used should be mentioned. Mitigation measures should be proposed as required during the construction as well as operational stages of the project for all the identified impacts. 6.5.1. Land Environment Anticipated Impacts: The road itself land requirement, removal of vegetation, fragmentation of natural habitat, removal of buildings and severance of farm land creates direct impacts. The most immediate and obvious effect of road development on land is the elimination of the productive capacity of soil (top soil) presently covered by the roads. Impact of the project construction leading to soil contamination, soil erosion, destabilization of slopes, side- tipping of spoil materials, loss of properties, loss of fertile lands and diversion of natural surface water flows are to be studied in detail. Possibility of the proposed project adversely affecting road traffic in the surrounding areas (e.g. by causing increases in traffic congestion and traffic accidents) needs to be assessed. Impediment causes by the proposed project to the movement of inhabitants using the existing road need to be indicated. Impacts on the local area developments and integration with local master plan should be mentioned.

Mitigation Measures:

The extent of environmental impacts of construction, operation and post operation is largely determined during planning and route or site selection. Early consultation and determination of alternatives can substantially reduce or prevent the potential environmental impacts of these projects. While selecting new road alignments, attention must be paid to avoid fertile agricultural lands, environmentally sensitive areas, and areas prone to landslides and soil erosion. Before finalizing the alignment, erosion potential of each alternative should be carefully examined and the one involving least disturbance to the natural ground should be preferred Balancing filling and cutting requirements through the proper choice of alignment will reduce the need for borrow pits. An option to minimize excess spoil material generation is to be examined. Drainage improvement requirements, to minimize water logging and flooding due to disturbance of the natural drainage pattern, are to be examined. Afforestation should be made to compensate for the cutting of the trees during the proposed road construction activity. Mitigative measures to address the impediments to the movement of inhabitants should be listed and a proper plan should be made.

6.5.2. Air Environment Anticipated Impacts: The immediate surroundings may have a greater impact. The existing surrounding features such as habitation, hospitals, schools, notified sanctuaries, etc. up to 500m and impact on them shall be addressed separately. Impact would be caused during construction activities due to generation of fugitive dust from crusher units, air emissions from hot mix plants and vehicles used for transportation of materials. Prediction of impact on ambient air quality using appropriate mathematical model, description of model, input requirement and reference of derivation, distribution of major pollutants and presentation in tabular form for easy interpretation shall be carried out. Mitigation measures: The road alignment selected should avoid passing close to housing, schools and work places, providing sufficient space to avoid traffic congestion, even with projected increase in traffic flow.

Tall leafy vegetation can be planted between roads and human settlements to avoid dust. While transporting construction materials, they can be sprinkled with water and covered with tarpaulin during the construction stage. Road metal/material from the crushing units purchased should approved by the State Pollution Control Board (SPCB) Crusher and hot mix units, if used on site, should be equipped with requisite air pollution equipment to meet the standard prescribed by the MoEF and SPCB. Awareness campaigns with the local government on good practices of vehicle maintenance, etc. to reduce the air emissions can be carried out. Environmental specifications for contractors should cover the required safeguards during the design and construction stage.

6.5.3. Water Environment Anticipated Impacts: Surface water flow modifications can contribute to flooding, soil erosion, channel modification and siltation of streams. Road drainage and excavation can lower the water table in surrounding areas while embankments and structures can raise water table by restricting flow. The potential effects include deterioration of vegetation, increased susceptibility to erosion loss of water for drinking as well as agriculture use Water quality degradation (surface and groundwater) can take place due to sedimentation, changes in biological activity in streams and on their banks. Discharge of waste water generated at the temporary project offices and temporary housing area for construction workers can have an impact. The possibility of water quality degradation in downstream water courses or water bodies due to soil runoff from the bare lands resulting from earth-moving activities, such as cutting and filling should be indicated.

Mitigation Measures: Alignments which are susceptible to erosion, such as those crossing steep slopes, can be avoided. The number of water crossings can be minimized, wherever possible

Buffer zones of undisturbed vegetation (with increased in proportion to slope) can be left between road sites and water bodies. Adequate drainage modifications, settling basins, paving, infiltration ditches, etc. can be provided. Adequate sanitation facilities and hygiene at construction workers colony should be provided. Measures for safe temporary storage of fuels should be taken. Environmental specifications for contractors should cover the required safeguards during the design and construction stages.

6.5.4. Noise Environment Anticipated Impacts: Noise levels may increase during construction activity, due to operation of various machines and equipments. Noise levels may increase during operation of the highway due to increased traffic. Noise levels should be predicted using mathematical modelling at different representative locations. Impact of vibrations during blasting activity, if any, should me mentioned.

Mitigation Measures: Bypass roads to avoid road alignment through noise sensitive areas can be developed. Proper surface design and maintenance can be adopted. Noise barriers can be provided. Specifications for the installation of noise protection devices, clearly indicating the location, design and material, and also provide for future maintenance requirements should be provided. Prediction model outputs should justify the selection of type of the noise barrier and thickness of the noise barrier, etc. Tall leafy and dense vegetation can be planted between roads and noise sensitive areas. The local government and vehicular manufacturers should be involved to conduct awareness campaigns on good practices of vehicle maintenance, etc. to reduce the noise emissions. Environmental specifications for contractors should cover the required safeguards during the design and construction stage.

6.5.5. Biological Environment

Anticipated Impacts: Trees will be lost due to felling of trees in the right of way. Wildlife habitat and biodiversity will be lost due to change in land use Wildlife habitat and territories will be fragmented. Water quality, soil profile, noise, light and air pollution may worsen, which may affect the nature and character of habitats. Increased access provided by roads will add pressure on wildlife habitats Forest resources, economically important plants, and medicinal plants may be lost and rare, endemic and endangered species may be threatened.

Mitigation Measures: Sensitive natural environments should be identified in the early planning stage so that alternative routes and changes in width of the road can be examined. Possibility of twin new road corridors with previously established transport rights of way, such as railway lines, should be considered. Animal crossings in identified areas should be provided. The loss of forest coverage by can be compensated by an afforestation programme. A green belt along the alignment can be developed. Rare plants of economic importance, medicinal plants and wildlife species can be conserved and regenerated. Institutional arrangements for implementation and monitoring of various mitigating measures can be made. Environmental specifications for contractors should cover management of work forces (control of poaching and fire wood collection), machinery (speed, noise and traffic), and prevention of erosion and contamination during construction.

6.5.6. Socio-Economic and Health Environment Anticipated Impacts: Positive and negative impacts on the present status of livelihood should be analyzed. Human settlement will be displaced from proposed site, resulting in an impact on livelihood and loss of property.

Community resources will be impacted. Historical and archaeological sites may be impacted. Existing travel areas due to faster traffic, access controls and median barriers could be impacted. Accelerated urbanization could have an impact.

Mitigation Measures: Rehabilitation plan for land oustees, homestead oustees, and for displaced persons should be made. Institutional arrangement for effective implementation and periodical review through project implementation should be incorporated. Compensation should be made for loss of land and crops. Mechanism for providing effective guidance in financial planning to effected people should be put in place. Local people should be trained for employment, especially in the proposed project construction stage. Employment opportunities and access to other amenities such as primary education and health care facilities for local people should be provided. Project should be integrated with the local master plan to prevent conflict of interest. Environmental specifications for contractors should be stipulated.

6.5.7. Solid Waste Management Anticipated impacts Waste generated during construction may impact soil, agriculture and water quality. Waste generated from workers camps may impact sanitation, water quality and agriculture in the vicinity of project area. Oil spillage/leakage from machines and vehicles during construction stage may contaminate soil.

Mitigation measures Proper waste disposal facility should be established. Good housekeeping practices should be followed along with effective sanitation measures. Vehicles/construction machines should be maintained properly during construction stage.

Proper environmental specifications should be stipulated in the contact.

7.0. Additional Studies

Studies directed by the Expert Appraisal Committee should be conducted while deciding the TOR for the project. Issues raised during public hearing and the response of the project proponent should be prepared in tabular form. Plan of action for conservation of natural resources by utilization of fly ash, steel melting shops slag and other metallurgical solid non-hazardous waste should be prepared. Detailed R&R plan should be prepared with data on the existing socioeconomic status of the population in the study area. Further, a broad plan should be made considering the resettlement of the displaced population, site for the resettlement colony, alternative livelihood concerns/employment and rehabilitation of the displaced people, civil and housing amenities being offered. Details of budget provisions (capital and recurring) for the project-specific R&R Plan for Accident Prevention and Road Safety Management System should be provided. Road design standards and safety equipment specifications should be examined and training should be provided to ensure that design details take safety concerns into account. Accident prone areas need to be identified and avoided/mitigated. Measures for minimizing habitat fragmentation and traffic accidents of wildlife should be furnished Speed breakers, safety signals, service lanes and foot paths should be provided at appropriate locations throughout the proposed road to avoid the accidents. Accident data and geographic distribution should be reviewed and analyzed to predict and identify trends, in case of expansion of the existing highways. Traffic management plan should be prepared. Laws, regulations and enforcement related to speed, alcohol and vehicle safety should be reviewed. Institutional framework for monitoring of road safety should be prepared. Post accident emergency assistance and medical care to accident victims should be provided.

8.0. Stage III. Environmental Management Plans (EMPs)

Based on the impacts predicted, separate EMPs for each of the construction packages shall be prepared. The EMPs shall fulfil all requirements of GoI, MoEF and funding agencies (e.g. the World Bank). The scope of EMPs shall include: Design modifications recommended by the project EA, along with chainages, Recommendation of feasible and cost-effective measures to prevent or reduce significant negative impacts to acceptable levels, Identification of opportunities for enhancement of environmental quality (of specific locations, water bodies, scenic areas, etc.) along the project corridor, Formation of specific or sample plans, such as those for management and redevelopment of quarries, borrow pits and construction camps, Detailed specification of bill of quantities, execution drawings and contracting procedures for execution of environmental mitigation and enhancement measures suggested, for the pre-construction, construction and operation stages, Suggestion of good practices for construction and upkeep of plant and machinery, responsibilities for execution and supervision of each of the mitigation and enhancement measures identified in the project EA, Description of implementation arrangement needed for the project, especially the capacity building proposals, Specification of environmental supervision, monitoring and auditing requirements, specifying parameters, reference standards, monitoring methods, frequency, duration, location and reporting responsibilities, Listing of all the mandatory government clearance conditions, and the status of procuring clearances, and Inclusion of separate attachment, if applicable, on Natural Habitat Plan and/or Cultural Properties Plan to satisfy the requirements of the World Bank safeguard policies.

8.1. Project benefits It should bring out details of benefits by way of: Improvements in the physical infrastructure and road access, Improvement in social services due to quicker and safe mode of transport,

Employment potentialskilled, semi-skilled and unskilled labourboth during construction and operational phases of the project with specific attention to employment potential of local population as well as necessity for imparting any specialized skills to them to be eligible for such employment in the project, Reduction in traffic congestion in the city/town/and other locations, Development of tourism, Reduced pollution, vehicle maintenance, fuel saving due to better quality of roads, Over all development in economy and improved lifestyle, Environmental cost benefit analysis, if recommended by the Expert Appraisal Committee at the scoping stage

9.0. Major Outputs from the Environment Perspective

1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Inception Report with work plan Draft Environmental Screening Report Final Environmental Screening Report Draft Project Environmental Assessment & EMP Report Final Environmental Impact Assessment & EMP Report